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Koyra Chiini language, the Glossary

Koyra Chiini (figuratively "town language"), or Western Songhay, is a member of the Songhay languages spoken in Mali by about 200,000 people (in 1999) along the Niger River in Timbuktu and upriver from it in the towns of Diré, Tonka, Goundam and Niafunké as well as in the Saharan town of Araouane to its north.^[1]

55 relations: Affricate, Alveolar consonant, Approximant, Arabic script, Araouane, Back vowel, Bamako, Central vowel, Close vowel, Dendi language, Diré, Djenné, Focus (linguistics), Fricative, Front vowel, Fula language, Glottal consonant, Goundam, Hamdullahi, Hassaniya Arabic, Humburi Senni language, International Phonetic Alphabet, Korandje language, Koyraboro Senni, Labial consonant, Latin alphabet, Lingua franca, Mali, Mid vowel, Mutual intelligibility, Nasal consonant, Niafunké, Niger River, Open vowel, Palatal consonant, Plosive, Sahara, Songhay languages, Songhoyboro Ciine, Southern Songhay languages, Subject–object–verb word order, Subject–verb–object word order, Tadaksahak, Tagdal language, Tamasheq language, Tap and flap consonants, Tasawaq language, Timbuktu, Tondi Songway Kiini, Tone (linguistics), ... Expand index (5 more) »
Non-tonal languages in tonal families
Songhay languages

Affricate

An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).

See Koyra Chiini language and Affricate

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar (UK also) consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the upper teeth.

See Koyra Chiini language and Alveolar consonant

Approximant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

See Koyra Chiini language and Approximant

Arabic script

The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa.

See Koyra Chiini language and Arabic script

Araouane

Araouane or Arawan is a small village in the Malian part of the Sahara Desert, lying north of Timbuktu on the caravan route to the salt-mining centre of Taoudenni.

See Koyra Chiini language and Araouane

Back vowel

A back vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in spoken languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Back vowel

Bamako

Bamako is the capital and largest city of Mali, with a 2022 population of 4,227,569.

See Koyra Chiini language and Bamako

Central vowel

A central vowel, formerly also known as a mixed vowel, is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Central vowel

Close vowel

A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Close vowel

Dendi language

Dendi is a Songhay language used as a trade language across northern Benin (along the Niger River. It forms a dialect cluster with Zarma and Koyraboro Senni but it is heavily influenced by Bariba. Dendi has been described as a four-tone language. Koyra Chiini language and Dendi language are Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Dendi language

Diré

Diré is a town and commune on the left bank of the Niger River in the Tombouctou Region of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Diré

Djenné

Djenné (Jɛ̀nɛ́; also known as Djénné, Jenné, and Jenne) is a Songhai town and urban commune in the Inland Niger Delta region of central Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Djenné

Focus (linguistics)

In linguistics, focus (abbreviated) is a grammatical category that conveys which part of the sentence contributes new, non-derivable, or contrastive information.

See Koyra Chiini language and Focus (linguistics)

Fricative

A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

See Koyra Chiini language and Fricative

Front vowel

A front vowel is a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages, its defining characteristic being that the highest point of the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would otherwise make it a consonant.

See Koyra Chiini language and Front vowel

Fula language

Fula,Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh also known as Fulani or Fulah (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Adlam: 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Ajami: ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ, ݒُلَارْ, بُۛلَر), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 36.8 million people as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 18 countries in West and Central Africa. Koyra Chiini language and Fula language are languages of Mali and non-tonal languages in tonal families.

See Koyra Chiini language and Fula language

Glottal consonant

Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.

See Koyra Chiini language and Glottal consonant

Goundam

Goundam is a commune and town in north central Mali, in the Tombouctou Region.

See Koyra Chiini language and Goundam

Hamdullahi

Hamdullahi (حمد الله; also Hamdallahi or Hamdallaye. From the Arabic: Praise to God) is a town in the Mopti Region of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Hamdullahi

Hassaniya Arabic

Hassaniya Arabic (translit; also known as,,,, and Maure) is a variety of Maghrebi Arabic spoken by Mauritanian Arabs and the Sahrawi people. Koyra Chiini language and Hassaniya Arabic are languages of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Hassaniya Arabic

Humburi Senni language

Humburi Senni, or Central Songhay, is a variety of Southern Songhai spoken in the Hombori region, straddling the Burkina–Mali border. Koyra Chiini language and Humburi Senni language are languages of Mali, Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Humburi Senni language

International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.

See Koyra Chiini language and International Phonetic Alphabet

Korandje language

Korandje (Korandje: kwạṛa n dzyəy; translit) is a Northern Songhay language which is by far the most northerly of the Songhay languages. Koyra Chiini language and Korandje language are Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Korandje language

Koyraboro Senni

Koyraboro Senni (Koroboro Senni, Koyra Senni or Gao Senni) is a member of the Songhay languages of Mali and is spoken by some 400,000 people along the Niger River from the town of Gourma-Rharous, east of Timbuktu, through Bourem, Gao and Ansongo to the Mali–Niger border. Koyra Chiini language and Koyraboro Senni are languages of Mali and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Koyraboro Senni

Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

See Koyra Chiini language and Labial consonant

Latin alphabet

The Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.

See Koyra Chiini language and Latin alphabet

Lingua franca

A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Lingua franca

Mali

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa.

See Koyra Chiini language and Mali

Mid vowel

A mid vowel (or a true-mid vowel) is any in a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Mid vowel

Mutual intelligibility

In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.

See Koyra Chiini language and Mutual intelligibility

Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive or nasal stop in contrast with an oral stop or nasalized consonant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

See Koyra Chiini language and Nasal consonant

Niafunké

Niafunké is a small town on the Niger River in central Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Niafunké

Niger River

The Niger River is the main river of West Africa, extending about. Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through Mali, Niger, on the border with Benin and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean.

See Koyra Chiini language and Niger River

Open vowel

An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.

See Koyra Chiini language and Open vowel

Palatal consonant

Palatals are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).

See Koyra Chiini language and Palatal consonant

Plosive

In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

See Koyra Chiini language and Plosive

Sahara

The Sahara is a desert spanning across North Africa.

See Koyra Chiini language and Sahara

Songhay languages

The Songhay, Songhai or Ayneha languages are a group of closely related languages/dialects centred on the middle stretches of the Niger River in the West African countries of Mali, Niger, Benin, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. Koyra Chiini language and Songhay languages are languages of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Songhay languages

Songhoyboro Ciine

Songhoyboro Ciine or Songhay Ciiné is an upriver dialect of the southern Songhay dialect of Niger. Koyra Chiini language and Songhoyboro Ciine are Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Songhoyboro Ciine

Southern Songhay languages

Southern Songhay is the more populous branch of the Songhay languages, centered on the Niger River, including Timbuktu and the old capital of Gao. Koyra Chiini language and Southern Songhay languages are Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Southern Songhay languages

Subject–object–verb word order

In linguistic typology, a subject–object–verb (SOV) language is one in which the subject, object, and verb of a sentence always or usually appear in that order.

See Koyra Chiini language and Subject–object–verb word order

Subject–verb–object word order

In linguistic typology, subject–verb–object (SVO) is a sentence structure where the subject comes first, the verb second, and the object third. Koyra Chiini language and subject–verb–object word order are subject–verb–object languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Subject–verb–object word order

Tadaksahak

Tadaksahak (also Daoussahak, Dausahaq and other spellings, after the Tuareg name for its speakers, Dăwsăhak) is a Songhay language spoken by the pastoralist Idaksahak of the Ménaka Region and Gao Region of Mali. Koyra Chiini language and Tadaksahak are languages of Mali, Mali stubs, Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tadaksahak

Tagdal language

Tagdal (Tuareg name: Tagdalt) is a mixed Northern Songhay language of central Niger. Koyra Chiini language and Tagdal language are Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tagdal language

Tamasheq language

Tamashek or Tamasheq is a variety of Tuareg, a Berber macro-language widely spoken by nomadic tribes across North Africa in Algeria, Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso. Koyra Chiini language and Tamasheq language are languages of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tamasheq language

Tap and flap consonants

In phonetics, a flap or tap is a type of consonantal sound, which is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator (such as the tongue) is thrown against another.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tap and flap consonants

Tasawaq language

Tasawaq (Tuareg name: Tesăwăq), sometimes also called Ingelshi, is a Northern Songhay language spoken by the Issawaghan or Ingalkoyyu, a community surrounding the town of In-Gall in Niger. Koyra Chiini language and Tasawaq language are Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tasawaq language

Timbuktu

Timbuktu (Tombouctou; Koyra Chiini: Tumbutu; Tin Bukt) is an ancient city in Mali, situated north of the Niger River.

See Koyra Chiini language and Timbuktu

Tondi Songway Kiini

Tondi Songway Kiini is a variety of Southern Songhai spoken in several villages in the area of Kikara, Mali, about 120 km west of Hombori. Koyra Chiini language and Tondi Songway Kiini are languages of Mali, Nilo-Saharan language stubs and Songhay languages.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tondi Songway Kiini

Tone (linguistics)

Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflect words.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tone (linguistics)

Tonka, Tombouctou Region

Tonka is a town and commune of the Cercle of Goudam in the Tombouctou Region of Mali.

See Koyra Chiini language and Tonka, Tombouctou Region

UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

See Koyra Chiini language and UNESCO

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyra_Chiini_language

Also known as Djenné Chiini, ISO 639:khq, Koyra Chiini, Koyra Chiini Songhay, Koyra Chiini Songhay language, Western Songhay, Western Songhay language.

, Tonka, Tombouctou Region, UNESCO, Velar consonant, Voice (phonetics), Zarma language.

Koyra Chiini language, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Non-tonal languages in tonal families

Songhay languages

References