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Language ideology, the Glossary

Language ideology (also known as linguistic ideology) is, within anthropology (especially linguistic anthropology), sociolinguistics, and cross-cultural studies, any set of beliefs about languages as they are used in their social worlds.^[1]

64 relations: Anthropology, Christianity, Code-switching, Cross-cultural studies, Cultural system, Culture, Discourse, Dominica, Endangered language, English language, English-only movement, Ethnography, Europe, Feminist movement, Finvenkism, Gender equality, Homogeneity and heterogeneity, Ideology, J. L. Austin, John Searle, Judith Irvine, Kaluli people, Kathryn Woolard, Language contact, Language planning, Language policy, Language politics, Language revitalization, Language shift, Linguistic anthropology, Linguistic discrimination, Linguistic prescription, Linguistic profiling, Linguistic purism, Linguistic rights, Literacy, Loanword, Metapragmatics, Michael Silverstein, Modernization theory, Orthography, Papua New Guinea, Patriarchy, Paul V. Kroskrity, Perceptual dialectology, Power (social and political), Prestige (sociolinguistics), Raciolinguistics, Revival of the Hebrew language, Rosina Lippi, ... Expand index (14 more) »
Concepts in language policy
Linguistic purism

Anthropology

Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans.

See Language ideology and Anthropology

Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Code-switching

In linguistics, code-switching or language alternation occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation or situation. Language ideology and code-switching are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Code-switching

Cross-cultural studies

Cross-cultural studies, sometimes called holocultural studies or comparative studies, is a specialization in anthropology and sister sciences such as sociology, psychology, economics, political science that uses field data from many societies through comparative research to examine the scope of human behavior and test hypotheses about human behavior and culture.

See Language ideology and Cross-cultural studies

Cultural system

A cultural system is the interaction of different elements in culture.

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Culture

Culture is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.

See Language ideology and Culture

Discourse

Discourse is a generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication. Language ideology and Discourse are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Discourse

Dominica

Dominica (or; Dominican Creole French: Dominik; Kalinago: Waitukubuli), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island country in the Caribbean.

See Language ideology and Dominica

Endangered language

An endangered language or moribund language is a language that is at risk of disappearing as its speakers die out or shift to speaking other languages.

See Language ideology and Endangered language

English language

English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.

See Language ideology and English language

English-only movement

The English-only movement, also known as the Official English movement, is a political movement that advocates for the exclusive use of the English language in official United States government communication through the establishment of English as the only official language in the United States.

See Language ideology and English-only movement

Ethnography

Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Feminist movement

The feminist movement, also known as the women's movement, refers to a series of social movements and political campaigns for radical and liberal reforms on women's issues created by inequality between men and women.

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Finvenkism

Finvenkismo (Finvenkism) is an ideological current within the Esperanto movement.

See Language ideology and Finvenkism

Gender equality

Gender equality, also known as sexual equality or equality of the sexes, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation and decision-making; and the state of valuing different behaviors, aspirations, and needs equally, regardless of gender.

See Language ideology and Gender equality

Homogeneity and heterogeneity

Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image.

See Language ideology and Homogeneity and heterogeneity

Ideology

An ideology is a set of beliefs or philosophies attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely epistemic, in which "practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones". Language ideology and ideology are Ideologies and political terminology.

See Language ideology and Ideology

J. L. Austin

John Langshaw Austin, OBE, FBA (26 March 1911 – 8 February 1960) was a British philosopher of language and leading proponent of ordinary language philosophy, best known for developing the theory of speech acts.

See Language ideology and J. L. Austin

John Searle

John Rogers Searle (American English pronunciation:; born July 31, 1932) is an American philosopher widely noted for contributions to the philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and social philosophy.

See Language ideology and John Searle

Judith Irvine

Judith Temkin Irvine (born March 10, 1945) is the Edward Sapir Collegiate Professor of Linguistic Anthropology at the University of Michigan, where she researches language use in African social life to create social hierarchy.

See Language ideology and Judith Irvine

Kaluli people

The Kaluli are a clan of indigenous peoples who live in the rain forests of the Great Papuan Plateau in Papua New Guinea.

See Language ideology and Kaluli people

Kathryn Woolard

Kathryn Ann Woolard (born in Wellsville, New York, 1950) is a Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, San Diego.

See Language ideology and Kathryn Woolard

Language contact occurs when speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact with and influence each other. Language ideology and language contact are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Language contact

Language planning

In sociolinguistics, language planning (also known as language engineering) is a deliberate effort to influence the function, structure or acquisition of languages or language varieties within a speech community. Language ideology and language planning are concepts in language policy and sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Language planning

Language policy

Language policy is both an interdisciplinary academic field and implementation of ideas about language use. Language ideology and language policy are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Language policy

Language politics

Language politics is the way language and linguistic differences between peoples are dealt with in the political arena. Language ideology and language politics are concepts in language policy and linguistic controversies.

See Language ideology and Language politics

Language revitalization

Language revitalization, also referred to as language revival or reversing language shift, is an attempt to halt or reverse the decline of a language or to revive an extinct one. Language ideology and language revitalization are linguistic purism.

See Language ideology and Language revitalization

Language shift

Language shift, also known as language transfer or language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time. Language ideology and language shift are concepts in language policy and sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Language shift

Linguistic anthropology

Linguistic anthropology is the interdisciplinary study of how language influences social life.

See Language ideology and Linguistic anthropology

Linguistic discrimination

Linguistic discrimination (also called glottophobia, linguicism and languagism) is unfair treatment of people based on their use of language and the characteristics of their speech, including their first language, their accent, the perceived size of their vocabulary (whether or not the speaker uses complex and varied words), their modality, and their syntax. Language ideology and Linguistic discrimination are linguistic controversies and sociolinguistics.

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Linguistic prescription

Linguistic prescription, also called prescriptivism or prescriptive grammar, is the establishment of rules defining preferred usage of language. Language ideology and Linguistic prescription are linguistic controversies, linguistic purism, political terminology and sociolinguistics.

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Linguistic profiling

Linguistic profiling is the practice of identifying the social characteristics of an individual based on auditory cues, in particular dialect and accent. Language ideology and Linguistic profiling are sociolinguistics.

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Linguistic purism

Linguistic purism or linguistic protectionism is a concept having a dual notion with respect to foreign languages and with respect to the internal variants of a language (dialects) The first meaning is the historical trend of every language to conservate intact it's lexical structure of word families, in opposition to foreign influence which are considered contamination of purity. Language ideology and linguistic purism are concepts in language policy and sociolinguistics.

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Linguistic rights

Linguistic rights are the human and civil rights concerning the individual and collective right to choose the language or languages for communication in a private or public atmosphere. Language ideology and Linguistic rights are sociolinguistics.

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Literacy

Literacy is the ability to read and write.

See Language ideology and Literacy

Loanword

A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Language ideology and loanword are sociolinguistics.

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In linguistics, metapragmatics is the study of how the effects and conditions of language use themselves become objects of discourse.

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Michael Silverstein

Michael Silverstein (12 September 1945 – 17 July 2020) was an American linguist who served as the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor of anthropology, linguistics, and psychology at the University of Chicago.

See Language ideology and Michael Silverstein

Modernization theory

Modernization theory holds that as societies become more economically modernized, wealthier and more educated, their political institutions become increasingly liberal democratic.

See Language ideology and Modernization theory

Orthography

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word boundaries, emphasis, and punctuation.

See Language ideology and Orthography

Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia).

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Patriarchy

Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of dominance and privilege are held by men.

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Paul V. Kroskrity

Paul V. Kroskrity (born February 10, 1949) is an American linguistic anthropologist known primarily for his contributions to establishing and developing language ideology as a field of research.

See Language ideology and Paul V. Kroskrity

Perceptual dialectology

Perceptual dialectology is the scientific study of how ordinary individuals perceive variation in language—where they believe it exists, where they believe it comes from, how they believe it functions, and how they socially evaluate it. Language ideology and Perceptual dialectology are sociolinguistics.

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Power (social and political)

In political science, power is the social production of an effect that determines the capacities, actions, beliefs, or conduct of actors.

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Prestige (sociolinguistics)

In sociolinguistics, prestige is the level of regard normally accorded a specific language or dialect within a speech community, relative to other languages or dialects. Language ideology and prestige (sociolinguistics) are sociolinguistics.

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Raciolinguistics

Raciolinguistics examines how language is used to construct race and how ideas of race influence language and language use. Language ideology and Raciolinguistics are linguistic controversies and sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Raciolinguistics

Revival of the Hebrew language

The revival of the Hebrew language took place in Europe and the Southern Levant region toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century, through which the language's usage changed from purely the sacred language of Judaism to a spoken and written language used for daily life in Israel.

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Rosina Lippi

Rosina Lippi-Green (née Rosina Lippi; born January 14, 1956) is an American writer.

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Shirley Brice Heath

Shirley Brice Heath (born July 26, 1939) is an American linguistic anthropologist, and Professor Emerita, Margery Bailey Professorship in English, at Stanford University.

See Language ideology and Shirley Brice Heath

A social class or social stratum is a grouping of people into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the working class, middle class, and upper class.

See Language ideology and Social class

Social cognition is a topic within psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations.

See Language ideology and Social cognition

Social mobility is the movement of individuals, families, households or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society.

See Language ideology and Social mobility

Sociocultural linguistics

Sociocultural linguistics is a term used to encompass a broad range of theories and methods for the study of language in its sociocultural context. Language ideology and sociocultural linguistics are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Sociocultural linguistics

Sociolinguistics

Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the effect of any or all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on language and the ways it is used.

See Language ideology and Sociolinguistics

Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Speech act

In the philosophy of language and linguistics, a speech act is something expressed by an individual that not only presents information but performs an action as well.

See Language ideology and Speech act

A speech community is a group of people who share a set of linguistic norms and expectations regarding the use of language. Language ideology and speech community are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Speech community

Standard language

A standard language (or standard variety, standard dialect, standardized dialect or simply standard) is a language variety that has undergone substantial codification of its grammar, lexicon, writing system, or other features and stands out among other varieties in a community as the one with the highest status or prestige. Language ideology and standard language are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Standard language

Tewa

The Tewa are a linguistic group of Pueblo Native Americans who speak the Tewa language and share the Pueblo culture.

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Vernacular

Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of language, particularly when perceived as being of lower social status in contrast to standard language, which is more codified, institutional, literary, or formal. Language ideology and Vernacular are sociolinguistics.

See Language ideology and Vernacular

Westernization

Westernization (or Westernisation, see spelling differences), also Europeanisation or occidentalization (from the Occident), is a process whereby societies come under or adopt what is considered to be Western culture, in areas such as industry, technology, science, education, politics, economics, lifestyle, law, norms, mores, customs, traditions, values, mentality, perceptions, diet, clothing, language, writing system, religion, and philosophy.

See Language ideology and Westernization

Xincan languages

Xinca (or Xinka, Sinca, or Szinca) is a small extinct family of Mesoamerican languages, formerly regarded as a single language isolate, once spoken by the indigenous Xinca people in southeastern Guatemala, much of El Salvador, and parts of Honduras.

See Language ideology and Xincan languages

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_ideology

Also known as Language ideologies, Linguistic ideology, Standard language ideology.

, Shirley Brice Heath, Social class, Social cognition, Social mobility, Sociocultural linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Spanish language, Speech act, Speech community, Standard language, Tewa, Vernacular, Westernization, Xincan languages.

Language ideology, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Concepts in language policy

Linguistic purism

References