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Left Opposition, the Glossary

The Left Opposition was a faction within the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) from 1923 to 1927 headed de facto by Leon Trotsky.^[1]

136 relations: Adolf Warski, Adolph Joffe, Agitprop, Alexander Beloborodov, Alexei Rykov, Ambassador, Andrei Bubnov, Anti-Stalinist left, Baltic Fleet, Berlin, Bloc of Soviet Oppositions, Boris Souvarine, Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet, Chen Duxiu, Chinese Communist Party, Christian Rakovsky, Coalition government, Collective farming, Collectivization in the Soviet Union, Commissar, Communism, Communist International, Communist Party of Poland, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Consumption (economics), Council of People's Commissars, Council of People's Commissars (Ukraine), De facto, Democratization, Dewey Commission, Economic planning, Economy of the Soviet Union, Electoral fraud, Ernest Mandel, Far-left politics, Finland, Foreign policy, Fourth International, French Communist Party, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Georgy Oppokov, Georgy Pyatakov, Great Purge, Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Grigory Zinoviev, Group of Democratic Centralism, Harvard University Press, Heavy industry, Henri de Saint-Simon, Homogeneity and heterogeneity, ... Expand index (86 more) »
1927 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
Communist parties in the Soviet Union
Trotskyism in Russia

Adolf Warski

Adolf Warski (Ru: Адольф Варшавский) (born Adolf Jerzy Warszawski; 20 April 1868 – 21 August 1937), was a Polish communist leader, journalist and theoretician of the communist movement in Poland.

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Adolph Abramovich Joffe (Адо́льф Абра́мович Ио́ффе, alternative transliterations Adol'f Ioffe or, rarely, Yoffe) (10 October 1883 – 16 November 1927) was a Russian revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and a Soviet diplomat of Karaite descent.

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Agitprop

Agitprop (from r, portmanteau of agitatsiya, "agitation" and propaganda, "propaganda") refers to an intentional, vigorous promulgation of ideas.

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Alexander Beloborodov

Alexander Georgiyevich Beloborodov (Алекса́ндр Гео́ргиевич Белоборо́дов; 26 October 189110 February 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, party figure and statesman best known for his role as one of the chief regicides of Nicholas II and his family.

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Alexei Rykov

Alexei Ivanovich Rykov (25 February 188115 March 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician and statesman, most prominent as premier of Russia and the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1929 and 1924 to 1930 respectively.

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Ambassador

An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sovereign or appointed for a special and often temporary diplomatic assignment.

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Andrei Bubnov

Andrei Sergeyevich Bubnov (Андре́й Серге́евич Бу́бнов; 3 April 1883 – 1 August 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary leader, one of Bolshevik leaders in Ukraine, Soviet politician and military leader and member of the Left Opposition.

See Left Opposition and Andrei Bubnov

Anti-Stalinist left

The anti-Stalinist left is a term that refers to various kinds of Marxist political movements that oppose Joseph Stalin, Stalinism, Neo-Stalinism and the system of governance that Stalin implemented as leader of the Soviet Union between 1924 and 1953.

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Baltic Fleet

The Baltic Fleet (Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

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Bloc of Soviet Oppositions

The Bloc of Oppositions, also known as Trotsky's bloc and called by the Soviet press the Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites, was a political alliance created by oppositionists in the USSR and Leon Trotsky by the end of 1932. Left Opposition and bloc of Soviet Oppositions are anti-Stalinist left and Trotskyism in Russia.

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Boris Souvarine

Boris Souvarine (1 November 1895 – 1 November 1984), also known as Varine, was a French Marxist, communist activist, essayist and journalist.

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Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet

The Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet (Tsentrobalt) Центральный комитет Балтийского флота (ЦКБФ, Центробалт) was a committee for coordination of the activities of sailors' committees of the Russian Baltic Fleet.

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Chen Duxiu

Chen Duxiu (8 October 187927 May 1942) was a Chinese revolutionary socialist, educator, philosopher and author, who co-founded the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with Li Dazhao in 1921.

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Chinese Communist Party

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Christian Rakovsky

Christian Georgiyevich Rakovsky (– September 11, 1941), Bulgarian name Krastyo Georgiev Rakovski, born Krastyo Georgiev Stanchov, was a Bulgarian-born socialist revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat and statesman; he was also noted as a journalist, physician, and essayist.

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Coalition government

A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a government by political parties that enter into a power-sharing arrangement of the executive.

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Collective farming

Collective farming and communal farming are various types of "agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise".

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Collectivization in the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union introduced forced collectivization (Коллективизация) of its agricultural sector between 1928 and 1940 during the ascension of Joseph Stalin.

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Commissar

Commissar (or sometimes Kommissar) is an English transliteration of the Russian комиссáр (komissar), which means 'commissary'.

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Communism

Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.

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Communist International

The Communist International (Comintern), also known as the Third International, was an international organization founded in 1919 that advocated world communism, and which was led and controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Communist Party of Poland

The interwar Communist Party of Poland (Komunistyczna Partia Polski, KPP) was a communist party active in Poland during the Second Polish Republic.

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Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), at some points known as the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party and Bolshevik Party, and sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist Party (SCP), was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union. Left Opposition and Communist Party of the Soviet Union are communist parties in the Soviet Union.

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Consumption (economics)

Consumption is the act of using resources to satisfy current needs and wants.

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Council of People's Commissars

The Council of People's Commissars (CPC) (Sovet narodnykh kommissarov (SNK)), commonly known as the Sovnarkom (Совнарком), were the highest executive authorities of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the Soviet Union (USSR), and the Soviet republics from 1917 to 1946.

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Council of People's Commissars (Ukraine)

Council of People's Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR (Рада НароднихКомісарів УРСР) or the Radnarkom (Раднарком) was the highest governing body of executive power in Ukrainian SSR from January 1919 to 1946.

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De facto

De facto describes practices that exist in reality, regardless of whether they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms.

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Democratization

Democratization, or democratisation, is the structural government transition from an authoritarian government to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction.

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Dewey Commission

The Dewey Commission (officially the "Commission of Inquiry into the Charges Made against Leon Trotsky in the Moscow Trials") was initiated in March 1937 by the American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky.

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Economic planning

Economic planning is a resource allocation mechanism based on a computational procedure for solving a constrained maximization problem with an iterative process for obtaining its solution.

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Economy of the Soviet Union

The economy of the Soviet Union was based on state ownership of the means of production, collective farming, and industrial manufacturing.

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Electoral fraud

Electoral fraud, sometimes referred to as election manipulation, voter fraud, or vote rigging, involves illegal interference with the process of an election, either by increasing the vote share of a favored candidate, depressing the vote share of rival candidates, or both.

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Ernest Mandel

Ernest Ezra Mandel (also known by various pseudonyms such as Ernest Germain, Pierre Gousset, Henri Vallin, Walter (5 April 1923 – 20 July 1995), was a Belgian Marxian economist, Trotskyist activist and theorist, and Holocaust survivor. He fought in the underground resistance against the Nazis during the occupation of Belgium.

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Far-left politics

Far-left politics, also known as extreme left politics or left-wing extremism, are politics further to the left on the left–right political spectrum than the standard political left.

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Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe.

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Foreign policy

Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities.

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Fourth International

The Fourth International (FI) was a political international established in France in 1938 by Leon Trotsky and his supporters, having been expelled from the Soviet Union and the Communist International (also known as Comintern or the Third International).

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French Communist Party

The French Communist Party (Parti communiste français,, PCF) is a communist party in France.

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General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).

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Georgy Oppokov

Georgy Ippolitovich Oppokov (Гео́ргий Ипполи́тович Оппо́ков; also known as Afanasi Lomov; 28 January 1888 – 2 September 1937) was a prominent Bolshevik leader, Soviet politician and the first People's Commissar for Justice of Soviet Russia.

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Georgy Pyatakov

Georgy (Yury) Leonidovich Pyatakov (Георгий Леонидович Пятаков; 6 August 1890 – 30 January 1937) was a Ukrainian revolutionary and Bolshevik leader, and a key Soviet politician during and after the 1917 Russian Revolution.

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Great Purge

The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (translit), also known as the Year of '37 (label) and the Yezhovshchina (label), was Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin's campaign to consolidate power over the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Soviet state.

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Great Soviet Encyclopedia

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GSE;, BSE) is the largest Soviet Russian-language encyclopedia, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990.

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Grigory Zinoviev

Grigory Yevseyevich Zinoviev (born Ovsei-Gershon Aronovich Radomyslsky; – 25 August 1936) was a Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician.

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Group of Democratic Centralism

The Group of Democratic Centralism, sometimes called the Group of 15, the Decists, or the Decemists (децисты, detsisti), was a dissenting faction within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the early 1920s.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

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Heavy industry

Heavy industry is an industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products; large and heavy equipment and facilities (such as heavy equipment, large machine tools, huge buildings and large-scale infrastructure); or complex or numerous processes.

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Henri de Saint-Simon

Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon (17 October 1760 – 19 May 1825), better known as Henri de Saint-Simon, was a French political, economic and socialist theorist and businessman whose thought had a substantial influence on politics, economics, sociology and the philosophy of science.

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Homogeneity and heterogeneity

Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image.

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India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

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Industrialisation

Industrialisation (UK) or industrialization (US) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society.

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Intellectual

An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the reality of society, and who proposes solutions for its normative problems.

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International Bureau of Revolutionary Youth Organizations

International Bureau of Revolutionary Youth Organizations (in Internationales Büro Revolutionärer Jugendorganisationen, in Bureau International des Organisations Révolutionnaires des Jeunes) was an international organization of socialist youth, formed in 1934.

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Interwar period

In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period (or interbellum) lasted from 11November 1918 to 1September 1939 (20years, 9months, 21days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII).

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Isaac Deutscher

Isaac Deutscher (Izaak Deutscher; 3 April 1907 – 19 August 1967) was a Polish Marxist writer, journalist and political activist who moved to the United Kingdom before the outbreak of World War II.

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Ivan Smirnov (politician)

Ivan Nikitich Smirnov (Ива́н Ники́тич Смирно́в; 1881 – 25 August 1936) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and Communist Party functionary.

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Ivar Smilga

Ivar Tenisovich Smilga (И́вар Тени́сович Сми́лга, Ivars Smilga; 2 December 1892 – 10 January 1938) was a Latvian Bolshevik leader, Soviet politician and economist.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.

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Karl Radek

Karl Berngardovich Radek (Карл Бернгардович Радек; 31 October 1885 – 19 May 1939) was a revolutionary and writer active in the Polish and German social democratic movements before World War I and a Communist International leader in the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution.

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Kulak

Kulak (a; plural: кулаки́, kulakí, 'fist' or 'tight-fisted'), also kurkul or golchomag (plural), was the term which was used to describe peasants who owned over of land towards the end of the Russian Empire.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949.

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Leninism

Leninism is a political ideology developed by Russian Marxist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin that proposes the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat led by a revolutionary vanguard party as the political prelude to the establishment of communism.

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Leon Trotsky

Lev Davidovich Bronstein (– 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky, was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist. Left Opposition and Leon Trotsky are anti-Stalinist left.

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Leonid Serebryakov

Leonid Petrovich Serebryakov (Леони́д Петро́вич Серебряко́в) (11 June 1890 – 1 February 1937) was a Russian Soviet politician and Bolshevik who became a victim of the Great Purge.

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Lev Kamenev

Lev Borisovich Kamenev (né Rozenfeld; – 25 August 1936) was a Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician.

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Lev Sedov

Lev Lvovich Sedov (Лев Львович Седов, also known as Leon Sedov; 24 February 1906 – 16 February 1938) was the first son of the Soviet communist leader Leon Trotsky and his second wife Natalia Sedova.

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Lev Sosnovsky

Lev Semyonovich Sosnovsky (Russian: Лев Семёнович Сосновский) (1 January 18863 July 1937) was a Russian revolutionary, publicist and journalist.

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Literature

Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially novels, plays, and poems.

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London

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.

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Maksymilian Horwitz

Maksymilian Horwitz (pseudonym: Henryk Walecki; 6 September 1877 – 20 September 1937) was a leader and theoretician of the Polish socialist and communist movement.

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Maria Koszutska

Maria Karolina Sabina Koszutska (pseudonym Wera Kostrzewa) (2 February 1876 – 9 July 1939) was a leader and theoretician of the Polish Socialist Party "Left" faction (Polska Partia Socialistyczna, PPS — Lewica) and later of the Communist Party of Poland (KPP).

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Marxism

Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.

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Marxists Internet Archive

Marxists Internet Archive (also known as MIA or Marxists.org) is a non-profit online encyclopedia that hosts a multilingual library (created in 1990) of the works of communist, anarchist, and socialist writers, such as Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, Rosa Luxemburg, Mikhail Bakunin, Peter Kropotkin and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, as well as that of writers of related ideologies, and even unrelated ones (for instance, Sun Tzu).

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Means of production

In political philosophy, the means of production refers to the generally necessary assets and resources that enable a society to engage in production.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Mikhail Boguslavsky

Mikhail Solomonovich Boguslavsky (Russia: Михаил Соломонович Богуславский) (1 May 1886 – 1 February 1937) was Russian revolutionary and politician, who was tried and executed as a former supporter of Leon Trotsky.

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Mikhail Tomsky

Mikhail Pavlovich Tomsky (Russian: Михаи́л Па́влович То́мский, born Mikhail Pavlovich Yefremovsometimes transliterated as Efremov; Михаи́л Па́влович Ефре́мов; 31 October 1880 – 22 August 1936) was a factory worker, trade unionist and Bolshevik leader and Soviet politician.

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Mode of production

In the Marxist theory of historical materialism, a mode of production (German: Produktionsweise, "the way of producing") is a specific combination of the.

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Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.

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Multi-party system

In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections.

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NEPman

NEPmen (translit) were businesspeople in the early Soviet Union, who took advantage of the opportunities for private trade and small-scale manufacturing provided under the New Economic Policy (NEP, 1921–1928).

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New Economic Policy

The New Economic Policy (NEP) was an economic policy of the Soviet Union proposed by Vladimir Lenin in 1921 as a temporary expedient.

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Nikolai Bukharin

Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (p; – 15 March 1938) was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist.

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Nikolay Krestinsky

Nikolay Nikolayevich Krestinsky (Никола́й Никола́евич Крести́нский; 13 October 1883 – 15 March 1938) was a Soviet Bolshevik revolutionary and politician who served as the Responsible Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Nikolay Muralov

Nikolay Ivanovich Muralov (Николай Иванович Муралов; 7 December 1877 – 1 February 1937) was a Bolshevik revolutionary leader and military commander in Russia, who after 1923 became a member of the Left Opposition.

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Nomenklatura

The nomenklatura (a; from nomenclatura, system of names) were a category of people within the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries who held various key administrative positions in the bureaucracy, running all spheres of those countries' activity: government, industry, agriculture, education, etc., whose positions were granted only with approval by the communist party of each country or region.

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Northern Expedition

The Northern Expedition was a military campaign launched by the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Kuomintang (KMT) against the Beiyang government and other regional warlords in 1926.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Permanent revolution

Permanent revolution is the strategy of a revolutionary class pursuing its own interests independently and without compromise or alliance with opposing sections of society.

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Pierre Broué

Pierre Broué (8 May 1926 – 27 July 2005) was a French historian and Trotskyist revolutionary militant whose work covers the history of the Bolshevik Party, the Spanish Revolution and biographies of Leon Trotsky.

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Planned economy

A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services.

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Politburo

A politburo or political bureau is the highest political organ of the central committee in communist parties.

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Pravda

Pravda (a, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million.

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Primitive socialist accumulation, sometimes referred to as the socialist accumulation, was a concept put forth in the early Soviet Union during the period of the New Economic Policy.

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Public participation

Public participation, also known as citizen participation or patient and public involvement, is the inclusion of the public in the activities of any organization or project.

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Ramón Mercader

Jaime Ramón Mercader del Río (Jaume Ramon Mercader del Río; 7 February 1913 – 18 October 1978)Photograph of was a Spanish communist and NKVD secret agent who assassinated the revolutionary Leon Trotsky in Mexico City in August 1940.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

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Right Opposition

The Right Opposition (Pravaya oppozitsiya) or Right Tendency (Praviy uklon) in the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was a label formulated by Joseph Stalin in autumn of 1928 for the opposition against certain measures included within the first five-year plan, an opposition which was led by Nikolai Bukharin, Alexei Rykov, Mikhail Tomsky and their supporters within the Soviet Union that did not follow the so-called "general line of the party". Left Opposition and Right Opposition are anti-Stalinist left and communist parties in the Soviet Union.

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Robert Vincent Daniels

Robert Vincent "Bill" Daniels (1926–2010) was an American historian and educator specializing in the history of the Soviet Union.

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Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the social-democratic Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Scissors Crisis

The Scissors Crisis was an incident in early 1923 Soviet history during the New Economic Policy (NEP), when there was a widening gap ("price scissors") between industrial and agricultural prices.

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Sergei Mrachkovsky

Sergei Vitalevich Mrachkovsky (Серге́й Вита́льевич Мрачко́вский; 15 June 1888 – 24 August 1936) was a Russian revolutionary, Red Army commander, and supporter of Leon Trotsky, who was executed at the start of the Great Purge.

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Shanghai massacre

The Shanghai massacre of 12 April 1927, the April 12 Purge or the April 12 Incident as it is commonly known in China, was the violent suppression of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organizations and leftist elements in Shanghai by forces supporting General Chiang Kai-shek and conservative factions in the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party or KMT).

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Sheila Fitzpatrick

Sheila Mary Fitzpatrick (born June 4, 1941) is an Australian historian, whose main subjects are history of the Soviet Union and history of modern Russia, especially the Stalin era and the Great Purges, of which she proposes a "history from below", and is part of the "revisionist school" of Communist historiography.

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In the social sciences, social structure is the aggregate of patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant of the actions of individuals.

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Socialism in one country is a theory developed by Joseph Stalin to strengthen socialism within the country rather than socialism globally.

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Socialist democracy is a political system that aligns with principles of both socialism and democracy.

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Soviet democracy

Soviet democracy, also called council democracy, is a type of democracy in Marxism, in which the rule of a population is exercised by directly elected soviets (workers' councils).

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

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The Declaration of 46

The Declaration of 46 was a secret letter sent by a group of 46 leading Soviet communists to the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on 15 October 1923. Left Opposition and the Declaration of 46 are Trotskyism in Russia.

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Timofei Sapronov

Timofei Vladimirovich Sapronov (Тимофе́й Влади́мирович Сапро́нов; 1887 – September 28, 1937) was a Russian revolutionary, Old Bolshevik and socialist militant who was one of the leaders of the Left Opposition in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Tokyo

Tokyo (東京), officially the Tokyo Metropolis (label), is the capital of Japan and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of over 14 million residents as of 2023 and the second-most-populated capital in the world.

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Trade

Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.

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Trade unions in the Soviet Union

Trade unions in the Soviet Union, headed by the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (VTsSPS or ACCTU in English), had a complex relationship with industrial management, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and the Soviet government, given that the Soviet Union was ideologically supposed to be a state in which the members of the working class both ruled the country and managed themselves.

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Triumvirate

A triumvirate (triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs (triumviri).

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Trotskyism

Trotskyism is the political ideology and branch of Marxism developed by Russian revolutionary and intellectual Leon Trotsky along with some other members of the Left Opposition and the Fourth International. Left Opposition and Trotskyism are anti-Stalinist left.

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The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991.

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United Opposition (Soviet Union)

The United Opposition (sometimes translated Joint Opposition) was a group formed in the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in early 1926, when the Left Opposition led by Leon Trotsky, merged with the New Opposition led by Grigory Zinoviev and his close ally Lev Kamenev, in order to strengthen opposition against the Joseph Stalin-led Centre. Left Opposition and United Opposition (Soviet Union) are 1927 disestablishments in the Soviet Union and Trotskyism in Russia.

See Left Opposition and United Opposition (Soviet Union)

University of Vermont Press

The University of Vermont Press (UVM Press) is a university press associated with the University of Vermont, located in Burlington, Vermont.

See Left Opposition and University of Vermont Press

Vadim Rogovin

Vadim Zakharovich Rogovin (Вади́м Заха́рович Рого́вин; 10 May 1937 – 18 September 1998) was a Russian Marxist (Trotskyist) historian and sociologist, Ph.D. in philosophy, Leading Researcher at the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the author of Was There An Alternative?, the 7-volume study of the Stalin era between 1923 and 1940, with an emphasis on the Trotskyist opposition.

See Left Opposition and Vadim Rogovin

Valerian Obolensky

Valerian Valerianovich Obolensky (Russian: Валериа́н Валериа́нович Оболе́нский; 25 March 1887 – 1 September 1938) (who worked under the party pseudonym Nikolai Osinsky) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Marxist theorist, Soviet politician, economist and Professor of the Agricultural Academy of Moscow.

See Left Opposition and Valerian Obolensky

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Opposition

Also known as International Left Opposition, Left (Marxist), Opposition of 1923.

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Left Opposition, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1927 disestablishments in the Soviet Union

Communist parties in the Soviet Union

Trotskyism in Russia

References