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Lethal injection, the Glossary

Lethal injection is the practice of injecting one or more drugs into a person (typically a barbiturate, paralytic, and potassium solution) for the express purpose of causing rapid death.^[1]

203 relations: Absolute Standards, Acetylcholine, Aktion T4, Alcuronium chloride, Alkaloid, Amílcar Cetino Pérez and Tomás Cerrate Hernández, American Medical Association, Anesthesia, Anesthesia awareness, Anesthesiology, Animal euthanasia, Antun Najžer, Arizona, Arkansas, Arrhythmia, Asphyxia, Associated Press, Asystole, Ángel Nieves Díaz, Barbiturate, Baze v. Rees, BBC News, British Medical Association, Bucklew v. Precythe, California Administrative Procedure Act, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, Capital punishment, Capital punishment by country, Capital punishment in China, Capital punishment in Guatemala, Capital punishment in Nigeria, Capital punishment in Taiwan, Capital punishment in Thailand, Capital punishment in the Maldives, Capital punishment in the Philippines, Capital punishment in the United States, Capital punishment in Vietnam, Cardiac arrest, Cardiac muscle, Cardioplegia, Charles Brooks Jr., Charlie Crist, China, Christopher Newton (criminal), Cisatracurium besilate, Clarence Ray Allen, Coma, Coroner, Court TV, Cruel and unusual punishment, ... Expand index (153 more) »
People executed by lethal injection

Absolute Standards

Absolute Standards Inc. is a chemical company that makes chemical samples for use in calibrating laboratory testing equipment.

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Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic compound that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals (including humans) as a neurotransmitter.

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Aktion T4

Aktion T4 (German) was a campaign of mass murder by involuntary euthanasia in Nazi Germany.

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Alcuronium chloride

Alcuronium chloride (formerly marketed as Alloferin) is a neuromuscular blocking (NMB) agent, alternatively referred to as a skeletal muscle relaxant.

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Alkaloid

Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom.

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Amílcar Cetino Pérez and Tomás Cerrate Hernández

Amilcar Cetino Pérez and Tomás Cerrate Hernández were two Guatemalan men convicted of murder.

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American Medical Association

The American Medical Association (AMA) is an American professional association and lobbying group of physicians and medical students.

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Anesthesia

Anesthesia or anaesthesia is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical or veterinary purposes.

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Awareness under anesthesia, also referred to as intraoperative awareness or accidental awareness during general anesthesia (AAGA), is a rare complication of general anesthesia where patients regain varying levels of consciousness during their surgical procedures.

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Anesthesiology

Anesthesiology or anaesthesiology is the medical specialty concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery.

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Animal euthanasia

Animal euthanasia (euthanasia from εὐθανασία; "good death") is the act of killing an animal humanely, most commonly with injectable drugs.

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Antun Najžer

Antun Najžer, or Nadžer in some sources, was a Croatian physician and member of the fascist Ustaše movement who served as the commander of the Sisak children's concentration camp in the Independent State of Croatia during World War II.

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Arizona

Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a landlocked state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

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Arkansas

Arkansas is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States.

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Arrhythmia

Arrhythmias, also known as cardiac arrhythmias, are irregularities in the heartbeat, including when it is too fast or too slow.

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Asphyxia

Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Lethal injection and asphyxia are execution methods.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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Asystole

Asystole (New Latin, from Greek privative a "not, without" + systolē "contraction") is the absence of ventricular contractions in the context of a lethal heart arrhythmia (in contrast to an induced asystole on a cooled patient on a heart-lung machine and general anesthesia during surgery necessitating stopping the heart).

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Ángel Nieves Díaz

Ángel Nieves Díaz (August 31, 1951 – December 13, 2006) was a Puerto Rican convict and a suspected serial killer who was executed by lethal injection by Florida.

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Barbiturate

Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid.

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Baze v. Rees

Baze v. Rees, 553 U.S. 35 (2008), is a decision by the United States Supreme Court, which upheld the constitutionality of a particular method of lethal injection used for capital punishment.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.

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British Medical Association

The British Medical Association (BMA) is a registered trade union for doctors in the United Kingdom.

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Bucklew v. Precythe

Bucklew v. Precythe, 587 U.S. 119 (2019), was a United States Supreme Court case regarding the standards for challenging methods of capital punishment under the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

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California Administrative Procedure Act

The California Administrative Procedure Act (APA) is a series of acts of the California Legislature first enacted 15 June 1945 that requires California state agencies to adopt regulations in accordance with its provisions.

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California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation

The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) is the penal law enforcement agency of the government of California responsible for the operation of the California state prison and parole systems.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

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Capital punishment by country

Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as a punishment for a crime.

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Capital punishment in China

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in China.

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Capital punishment in Guatemala

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Guatemala, and is carried out by lethal injection and, to a lesser extent, the firing squad.

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Capital punishment in Nigeria

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Nigeria.

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Capital punishment in Taiwan

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Taiwan.

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Capital punishment in Thailand

Capital punishment in Thailand is a legal penalty, and the country is, as of 2021, one of 54 nations to retain capital punishment both in legislation and in practice.

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Capital punishment in the Maldives

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the Maldives, but the last execution was carried out in 1952, when the country was a British colony.

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Capital punishment in the Philippines

Capital punishment in the Philippines (Parusang Kamatayan sa Pilipinas) specifically, the death penalty, as a form of state-sponsored repression, was introduced and widely practiced by the Spanish government in the Philippines.

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Capital punishment in the United States

In the United States, capital punishment (killing a person as punishment for allegedly committing a crime) is a legal penalty throughout the country at the federal level, in 27 states, and in American Samoa.

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Capital punishment in Vietnam

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Vietnam for a variety of crimes.

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Cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest, also known as sudden cardiac arrest, is when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating.

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Cardiac muscle

Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, with the other two being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle.

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Cardioplegia

Cardioplegia is a solution given to the heart during cardiac surgery, to minimize the damage caused by myocardial ischemia while the heart is paused.

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Charles Brooks Jr.

Charles Brooks Jr. (September 1, 1942 – December 7, 1982), also known as Shareef Ahmad Abdul-Rahim, was a convicted murderer who was the first person to be executed using lethal injection.

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Charlie Crist

Charles Joseph Crist Jr. (born July 24, 1956) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th governor of Florida from 2007 to 2011 and as the U.S. representative for from 2017 to 2022.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.

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Christopher Newton (criminal)

Christopher J. Newton (November 13, 1969 – May 24, 2007) was an American murderer executed in the state of Ohio in 2007.

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Cisatracurium besilate

Cisatracurium besilate (INN; cisatracurium besylate (USAN); formerly recognized as 51W89; trade name Nimbex) is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolinium that has effect as a neuromuscular-blocking drug non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.

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Clarence Ray Allen

Clarence Ray Allen (January 16, 1930 – January 17, 2006) was an American criminal and proxy killer who was executed in 2006 at the age of 76 by lethal injection at San Quentin State Prison in California for the murders of three people.

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Coma

A coma is a deep state of prolonged unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awakened, fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound, lacks a normal wake-sleep cycle and does not initiate voluntary actions.

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Coroner

A coroner is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an inquest into the manner or cause of death.

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Court TV

Court TV is an American digital broadcast network and former pay-television channel.

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Cruel and unusual punishment

Cruel and unusual punishment is a phrase in common law describing punishment that is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the person subjected to the sanction.

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Curare

Curare (or; or) is a common name for various alkaloid arrow poisons originating from plant extracts.

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David Boren

David Lyle Boren (born April 21, 1941) is a retired American lawyer and politician from Oklahoma.

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David Souter

David Hackett Souter (born September 17, 1939) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1990 until his retirement in 2009.

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Death

Death is the end of life; the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.

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Declaration of Geneva

The Declaration of Geneva was adopted by the General Assembly of the World Medical Association at Geneva in 1948, amended in 1968, 1983, 1994, editorially revised in 2005 and 2006 and amended in 2017.

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Delaware

Delaware is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern region of the United States.

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Depolarization

In biology, depolarization or hypopolarization is a change within a cell, during which the cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution, resulting in less negative charge inside the cell compared to the outside.

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Diazepam

Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic.

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Drug

A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect.

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Drug Enforcement Administration

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a United States federal law enforcement agency under the U.S. Department of Justice tasked with combating illicit drug trafficking and distribution within the U.S. It is the lead agency for domestic enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act, sharing concurrent jurisdiction with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S.

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Drug injection

Drug injection is a method of introducing a drug into the bloodstream via a hollow hypodermic needle, which is pierced through the skin into the body (usually intravenously, but also at an intramuscular or subcutaneous, location).

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Drug interaction

In pharmaceutical sciences, drug interactions occur when a drug's mechanism of action is affected by the concomitant administration of substances such as foods, beverages, or other drugs.

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Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Eighth Amendment (Amendment VIII) to the United States Constitution protects against imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishments.

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Electric chair

The electric chair is a specialized device used for capital punishment through electrocution. Lethal injection and electric chair are execution methods.

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Electrocardiography

Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles.

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Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a medium containing ions that are electrically conductive through the movement of those ions, but not conducting electrons.

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Equivalent (chemistry)

An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; unofficially but often Eq) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction.

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Ethanol

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula.

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Etomidate

Etomidate (USAN, INN, BAN; marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Euthanasia

Euthanasia (from lit: label + label) is the practice of intentionally ending life to eliminate pain and suffering.

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Euthanasia device

A euthanasia device is a machine engineered to allow an individual to die quickly with minimal pain.

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Execution by firing squad

Execution by firing squad, in the past sometimes called fusillading (from the French fusil, rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war. Lethal injection and Execution by firing squad are execution methods.

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Execution by shooting

Execution by shooting is a method of capital punishment in which a person is shot to death by one or more firearms. Lethal injection and Execution by shooting are execution methods.

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Execution chamber

An execution chamber, or death chamber, is a room or chamber in which capital punishment is carried out.

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Execution of Carey Dean Moore

Carey Dean Moore (October 26, 1957 – August 14, 2018) was a convicted murderer, executed by lethal injection by the state of Nebraska.

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Execution of Clayton Lockett

The death of Clayton Derrell Lockett occurred on April 29, 2014, when he suffered a heart attack during an execution by lethal injection in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.

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Execution of Dennis McGuire

The execution of Dennis McGuire occurred on January 16, 2014, at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville, Ohio, in what was considered to be a botched execution.

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Fail-safe

In engineering, a fail-safe is a design feature or practice that, in the event of a failure of the design feature, inherently responds in a way that will cause minimal or no harm to other equipment, to the environment or to people.

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Fentanyl

Fentanyl is a highly potent synthetic piperidine opioid primarily used as an analgesic. It is 20 to 40 times more potent than heroin and 100 times more potent than morphine; its primary clinical utility is in pain management for cancer patients and those recovering from painful surgeries. Fentanyl is also used as a sedative.

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Florida

Florida is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Food and Drug Administration

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services.

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Fordham Urban Law Journal

The Fordham Urban Law Journal is a student-run law review published at Fordham University School of Law.

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Fred A. Leuchter

Fred Arthur Leuchter Jr. (born February 7, 1943) is an American manufacturer of execution equipment and Holocaust denier, best known as the author of the Leuchter report, a pseudoscientific document*"Leuchter and Rudolf have published pseudoscientific reports purporting to show that chemical residues present in the gas chambers of Auschwitz-Birkenau are incompatible with homicidal gassings." Green, Richard J..

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Fresenius (company)

Fresenius SE & Co.

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Gas chamber

A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans or other animals with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Lethal injection and gas chamber are execution methods.

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General anaesthesia

General anaesthesia (UK) or general anesthesia (US) is a method of medically inducing loss of consciousness that renders a patient unarousable even with painful stimuli.

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Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia, officially the State of Georgia, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Glossip v. Gross

Glossip v. Gross, 576 U.S. 863 (2015), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held, 5–4, that lethal injections using midazolam to kill prisoners convicted of capital crimes do not constitute cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

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Graham Holdings

Graham Holdings Company (formerly The Washington Post Company) is a diversified American conglomerate holding company.

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Guatemala

Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America.

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Half-life

Half-life (symbol) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value.

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Hanging

Hanging is killing a person by suspending them from the neck with a noose or ligature. Lethal injection and Hanging are execution methods.

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Hill v. McDonough

Hill v. McDonough, 547 U.S. 573 (2006), was a United States Supreme Court case challenging the use of lethal injection as a form of execution in the state of Florida.

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Hospira

Hospira was an American global pharmaceutical and medical device company with headquarters in Lake Forest, Illinois.

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HowStuffWorks

HowStuffWorks is an American commercial infotainment website founded by professor and author Marshall Brain, to provide its target audience an insight into the way many things work.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Hydromorphone

Hydromorphone, also known as dihydromorphinone, and sold under the brand name Dilaudid among others, is a morphinan opioid used to treat moderate to severe pain.

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Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium (K+) in the blood.

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Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum.

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Idaho

Idaho is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

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Inhalational anesthetic

An inhalational anesthetic is a chemical compound possessing general anesthetic properties that is delivered via inhalation.

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Intravenous therapy

Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.

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Intubation

Intubation (sometimes entubation) is a medical procedure involving the insertion of a tube into the body.

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James Autry

James David Autry (September 27, 1954 – March 14, 1984 Texas Department of Criminal Justice.) was a convicted murderer in the U.S. state of Texas, executed by lethal injection.

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Jay Chapman (physician)

Anthony Jay Chapman, known as A. Jay Chapman, (born Jan 1939) is an American physician and forensic pathologist who, in 1977, created the first three-drug protocol used for lethal injection, the most commonly used form of capital punishment in the United States.

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Jeb Bush

John Ellis "Jeb" Bush (born February 11, 1953) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 43rd governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007.

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John David Duty

John David Duty (April 25, 1952 – December 16, 2010) was an American who was executed in Oklahoma for first-degree murder.

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Julius Mount Bleyer

Julius Mount Bleyer (16 March 1859 – 3 April 1915) was a New York doctor who specialized in laryngology who took a keen interest in medical jurisprudence.

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Karl Brandt

Karl Brandt (8 January 1904 – 2 June 1948) was a German physician and Schutzstaffel (SS) officer in Nazi Germany.

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Kenneth Biros

Kenneth Biros (June 24, 1958 – December 8, 2009) was an American convicted murderer who was sentenced to death and executed for the aggravated murder, attempted rape, aggravated robbery and felonious sexual penetration of a young woman.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Kidney

In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.

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Kidney failure

Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure, which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure, which develops slowly and can often be irreversible.

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Life unworthy of life

The phrase "life unworthy of life" (Lebensunwertes Leben) was a Nazi designation for the segments of the populace which, according to the Nazi regime, had no right to live.

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Lipophilicity

Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.

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List of botched executions

A botched execution is defined by political science professor Austin Sarat as: Botched executions occur when there is a breakdown in, or departure from, the 'protocol' for a particular method of execution.

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List of methods of capital punishment

This is a list of methods of capital punishment, also known as execution. Lethal injection and list of methods of capital punishment are execution methods.

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List of people executed by lethal injection

Lethal injection is the practice of injecting one or more drugs into a person by a government for the express purpose of causing immediate death. Lethal injection and List of people executed by lethal injection are people executed by lethal injection.

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Liver

The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

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Louisiana

Louisiana (Louisiane; Luisiana; Lwizyàn) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States.

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Lucasville, Ohio

Lucasville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Scioto County, Ohio, United States.

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Malouetine

Malouetine is an aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking agent and antinicotinic alkaloid isolated from Malouetia spp.

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Mark Asay

Mark James Asay (March 12, 1964 – August 24, 2017) was an American spree killer who was executed by the state of Florida for the 1987 racially motivated murders of two men in Jacksonville, Florida.

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Mark Dean Schwab

Mark Dean Schwab (December 16, 1968 – July 1, 2008) was an American murderer and child rapist.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts (script), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States.

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McAlester, Oklahoma

McAlester is the county seat of Pittsburg County, Oklahoma.

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Medical ethics

Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research.

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Medical examiner

The medical examiner is an appointed official in some American jurisdictions that investigates deaths that occur under unusual or suspicious circumstances, to perform post-mortem examinations, and in some jurisdictions to initiate inquests.

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Methohexital

Methohexital or methohexitone (marketed under the brand names Brevital and Brietal) is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative.

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Midazolam

Midazolam, sold under the brand name Versed among others, is a benzodiazepine medication used for anesthesia, premedication before surgical anesthesia, and procedural sedation, and to treat severe agitation.

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Missouri

Missouri is a landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Nebraska

Nebraska is a triply landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Nebraska Supreme Court

The Nebraska Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Nebraska.

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Neuromuscular junction

A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.

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Neuromuscular-blocking drug

Neuromuscular-blocking drugs, or Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), block transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles.

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New York (state)

New York, also called New York State, is a state in the Northeastern United States.

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North Carolina

North Carolina is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Ohio

Ohio is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Oklahoma

Oklahoma (Choctaw: Oklahumma) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.

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Oklahoma State Penitentiary

The Oklahoma State Penitentiary, nicknamed "Big Mac", is a prison of the Oklahoma Department of Corrections located in McAlester, Oklahoma, on.

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Opioid

Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant.

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Pancuronium bromide

Pancuronium (trademarked as Pavulon) is an aminosteroid muscle relaxant with various medical uses.

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Paralysis

Paralysis (paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles.

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Pentobarbital

Pentobarbital (US) or pentobarbitone (British and Australian) is a short-acting barbiturate typically used as a sedative, a preanesthetic, and to control convulsions in emergencies.

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Pfizer

Pfizer Inc. is an American multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporation headquartered at The Spiral in Manhattan, New York City.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration.

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Philippines

The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

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Physician

A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.

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PLOS Medicine

PLOS Medicine (formerly styled PLoS Medicine) is a peer-reviewed weekly medical journal covering the full spectrum of the medical sciences.

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Potassium

Potassium is a chemical element; it has symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number19.

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Potassium acetate

Potassium acetate (also called potassium ethanoate), (CH3COOK) is the potassium salt of acetic acid.

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Potassium chloride

Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine.

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Precipitation (chemistry)

In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution".

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Prison officer

A prison officer (PO) or corrections officer (CO), also known as a correctional law enforcement officer or less formally as a prison guard, is a uniformed law enforcement official responsible for the custody, supervision, safety, and regulation of prisoners.

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Propofol

Propofol is the active component of an intravenous anesthetic formulation used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.

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Reuters

Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.

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Rocuronium bromide

Rocuronium bromide (brand names Zemuron, Esmeron) is an aminosteroid non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker or muscle relaxant used in modern anaesthesia to facilitate tracheal intubation by providing skeletal muscle relaxation, most commonly required for surgery or mechanical ventilation.

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Romell Broom

Romell Broom (June 4, 1956 – December 28, 2020) was an American death row inmate who was convicted of murder, kidnapping and rape.

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Royal commission

A royal commission is a major ad-hoc formal public inquiry into a defined issue in some monarchies.

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Ruth Bader Ginsburg

Joan Ruth Bader Ginsburg (Bader; March 15, 1933 – September 18, 2020) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1993 until her death in 2020.

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Saline (medicine)

Saline (also known as saline solution) is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) and water.

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San Quentin Rehabilitation Center

San Quentin Rehabilitation Center (SQ), formerly known as San Quentin State Prison, is a California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation state prison for men, located north of San Francisco in the unincorporated place of San Quentin in Marin County.

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Scientific American

Scientific American, informally abbreviated SciAm or sometimes SA, is an American popular science magazine.

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Shunning

Shunning can be the act of social rejection, or emotional distance.

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Sisak concentration camp

Sisak was a World War II concentration and transit camp located in the town of the same name in the Axis puppet state known as the Independent State of Croatia (NDH).

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Skeletal muscle

Skeletal muscle (commonly referred to as muscle) is one of the three types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.

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Sodium thiopental

Sodium thiopental, also known as Sodium Pentothal (a trademark of Abbott Laboratories), thiopental, thiopentone, or Trapanal (also a trademark), is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate general anesthetic.

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South Dakota

South Dakota (Sioux: Dakȟóta itókaga) is a landlocked state in the North Central region of the United States.

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Stay of execution

A stay of execution (Law Latin: cesset executio, "let execution cease") is a court order to temporarily suspend the execution of a court judgment or other court order.

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Stretcher

A stretcher, gurney, litter, or pram is an apparatus used for moving patients who require medical care.

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Striated muscle tissue

Striated muscle tissue is a muscle tissue that features repeating functional units called sarcomeres.

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Sufentanil

Sufentanil, sold under the brand names Dsuvia and Sufenta, is a synthetic opioid analgesic drug approximately 5 to 10 times as potent as its parent drug, fentanyl, and 500 to 1,000 times as potent as morphine.

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Suicide

Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death.

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Supreme Court of Florida

The Supreme Court of Florida is the highest court in the U.S. state of Florida.

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Supreme People's Court

The Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China (SPC) is the highest court of the People's Republic of China.

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Suxamethonium chloride

Suxamethonium chloride (brand names Scoline and Sucostrin, among others), also known as suxamethonium or succinylcholine, or simply sux in medical abbreviation, is a medication used to cause short-term paralysis as part of general anesthesia.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia.

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Tennessee

Tennessee, officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the most populous state in the South Central region of the United States.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Lancet

The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal and one of the oldest of its kind.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.

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Thoracic diaphragm

The thoracic diaphragm, or simply the diaphragm (partition), is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle in humans and other mammals that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity.

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Torture

Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including punishment, extracting a confession, interrogation for information, intimidating third parties, or entertainment.

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Tubocurarine chloride

Tubocurarine (also known as d-tubocurarine or DTC) is a toxic benzylisoquinoline alkaloid historically known for its use as an arrow poison.

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Unconsciousness

Unconsciousness is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an awareness of self and environment or to respond to any human or environmental stimulus.

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United States Reports

The United States Reports are the official record (law reports) of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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University of Miami

The University of Miami (UM, UMiami, Miami, U of M, and The U) is a private research university in Coral Gables, Florida.

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University of Oklahoma

The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a public research university in Norman, Oklahoma, United States.

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Utah

Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States.

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Uttecht v. Brown

Uttecht v. Brown, 551 U.S. 1 (2007), was a case dealing with jury selection in capital cases in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that appeals courts must defer to a trial judge's decision on whether a potential juror would be able to overcome demur about capital punishment and be open to voting to impose a death sentence.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethal_injection

Also known as Chapman's Protocol, Deadly injection, Death by injection, Execution by lethal injection, Lethal injections, Lethal-injection, Poison injection, Three-drug cocktail.

, Curare, David Boren, David Souter, Death, Declaration of Geneva, Delaware, Depolarization, Diazepam, Drug, Drug Enforcement Administration, Drug injection, Drug interaction, Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Electric chair, Electrocardiography, Electrolyte, Equivalent (chemistry), Ethanol, Etomidate, European Union, Euthanasia, Euthanasia device, Execution by firing squad, Execution by shooting, Execution chamber, Execution of Carey Dean Moore, Execution of Clayton Lockett, Execution of Dennis McGuire, Fail-safe, Fentanyl, Florida, Food and Drug Administration, Fordham Urban Law Journal, Fred A. Leuchter, Fresenius (company), Gas chamber, General anaesthesia, Georgia (U.S. state), Glossip v. Gross, Graham Holdings, Guatemala, Half-life, Hanging, Hill v. McDonough, Hospira, HowStuffWorks, Human Rights Watch, Hydromorphone, Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia, Idaho, Inhalational anesthetic, Intravenous therapy, Intubation, James Autry, Jay Chapman (physician), Jeb Bush, John David Duty, Julius Mount Bleyer, Karl Brandt, Kenneth Biros, Kentucky, Kidney, Kidney failure, Life unworthy of life, Lipophilicity, List of botched executions, List of methods of capital punishment, List of people executed by lethal injection, Liver, Louisiana, Lucasville, Ohio, Malouetine, Mark Asay, Mark Dean Schwab, Massachusetts, McAlester, Oklahoma, Medical ethics, Medical examiner, Methohexital, Midazolam, Missouri, Nazi Germany, Nebraska, Nebraska Supreme Court, Neuromuscular junction, Neuromuscular-blocking drug, New York (state), North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State Penitentiary, Opioid, Pancuronium bromide, Paralysis, Pentobarbital, Pfizer, Pharmacokinetics, Philippines, Physician, PLOS Medicine, Potassium, Potassium acetate, Potassium chloride, Precipitation (chemistry), Prison officer, Propofol, Reuters, Rocuronium bromide, Romell Broom, Royal commission, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Saline (medicine), San Quentin Rehabilitation Center, Scientific American, Shunning, Sisak concentration camp, Skeletal muscle, Sodium thiopental, South Dakota, Stay of execution, Stretcher, Striated muscle tissue, Sufentanil, Suicide, Supreme Court of Florida, Supreme People's Court, Suxamethonium chloride, Taiwan, Tennessee, Texas, Thailand, The Guardian, The Lancet, The New York Times, The Washington Post, Thoracic diaphragm, Torture, Tubocurarine chloride, Unconsciousness, United States Reports, University of Miami, University of Oklahoma, Utah, Uttecht v. Brown, Vecuronium bromide, Venipuncture, Vietnam, Washington (state), Washington, D.C., World War II, Wyoming, Yuan (currency).

Lethal injection, the Glossary

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