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Lhasa (city), the Glossary

Lhasa is a prefecture-level city, one of the main administrative divisions of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.^[1]

221 relations: Accretion (geology), Ani Tsankhung Nunnery, Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China, Arsenic, Atiśa, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Autonomous regions of China, Bangladesh, Bangong suture, Barkhor, Batholith, Beijing, Berberis aristata, Bharal, Bihar, Black-necked crane, Bodongpa, British expedition to Tibet, British Hong Kong, Brown bear, Buddhism, Chengdu, Chiang Kai-shek, China, China National Highway 109, China National Highway 318, Chinese Communist Party, Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Codonopsis, Counties of China, Cretaceous, Cultural Revolution, Dagzê, Lhasa, Dalai Lama, Dam, Damxung County, Damxung railway station, Düsum Khyenpa, 1st Karmapa Lama, Deng Xiaoping, Dharamshala, Districts of China, Doilungdêqên, Lhasa, Donggar Subdistrict, Double First-Class Construction, Drepung Monastery, Drigung Monastery, Dromtön, Duck, Duilong River, ... Expand index (171 more) »
Lhasa
Populated places in Tibet
Prefecture-level divisions of Tibet

Accretion (geology)

In geology, accretion is a process by which material is added to a tectonic plate at a subduction zone, frequently on the edge of existing continental landmasses.

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Ani Tsankhung Nunnery

Ani Tsankhung Nunnery is a nunnery of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism in the city of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China

Tibet came under the control of People's Republic of China (PRC) after the Government of Tibet signed the Seventeen Point Agreement which the 14th Dalai Lama ratified on 24 October 1951, but later repudiated on the grounds that he had rendered his approval for the agreement under duress.

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Arsenic

Arsenic is a chemical element with the symbol As and the atomic number 33.

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Atiśa

Atīśa (c. 982–1054) was a Buddhist religious leader and master from Bengal.

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Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

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Autonomous regions of China

The autonomous regions are one of four types of province-level divisions of China.

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Bangladesh

Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia.

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Bangong suture

The Bangong suture zone is a key location in the central Tibet conjugate fault zone.

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Barkhor

Barkhor, is the commercial center and busiest street of the old city of Lhasa, Tibet.

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Batholith

A batholith is a large mass of intrusive igneous rock (also called plutonic rock), larger than in area, that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's crust.

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Beijing

Beijing, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital of China.

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Berberis aristata

Berberis aristata, also known as Indian barberry, Mara manjal (மரமஞ்சள்), chutro, sumba, or tree turmeric, is a shrub belonging to the family Berberidaceae and the genus Berberis.

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Bharal

The bharal (Pseudois nayaur), also called the blue sheep, is a caprine native to the high Himalayas.

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Bihar

Bihar is a state in Eastern India.

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Black-necked crane

The black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis) is a medium-sized crane in Asia that breeds on the Tibetan Plateau and remote parts of India and Bhutan.

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Bodongpa

The Bodongpa or Bodong tradition, is one of the smaller traditions of Tibetan Buddhism falling outside the classification of the four main schools.

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British expedition to Tibet

The British expedition to Tibet, also known as the Younghusband expedition, began in December 1903 and lasted until September 1904.

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British Hong Kong

Hong Kong was a colony and later a dependent territory of the United Kingdom from 1841 to 1997, apart from a period of Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945 during the Pacific War.

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Brown bear

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a large bear native to Eurasia and North America.

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Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

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Chengdu

Chengdu is the capital city of the Chinese province of Sichuan.

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Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 18875 April 1975) was a Chinese statesman, revolutionary, and military commander.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.

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China National Highway 109

China National Highway 109 connects Beijing with Lhasa.

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China National Highway 318

China National Highway 318 (G318) runs from Shanghai to Zhangmu on the China-Nepal border.

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Chinese Communist Party

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary

A Party Committee Secretary is the leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization in a province, city, village, or other administrative unit.

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Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China and a central part of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s united front system.

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Codonopsis

Codonopsis is a genus of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae.

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Counties of China

Counties (hp) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts.

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).

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Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Dagzê, Lhasa

Dagzê District is a district of Lhasa immediately east of the district of Chengguan, Tibet.

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Dalai Lama

Dalai Lama is a title given by Altan Khan in 1578 AD at Yanghua Monastery to the foremost spiritual leader of the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" school of Tibetan Buddhism, the newest and most dominant of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.

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Dam

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams.

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Damxung County

Damxung is a county of Lhasa City, lying to the north of its main center of Chengguan, in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Damxung railway station

Damxung railway station is a railway station on the Qinghai–Tibet railway line in Damxung County, Lhasa, Tibet.

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Düsum Khyenpa, 1st Karmapa Lama

Düsum Khyenpa (1110–1193) was the 1st Gyalwa Karmapa, head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.

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Deng Xiaoping

Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese revolutionary and statesman who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China (PRC) from December 1978 to November 1989.

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Dharamshala

Dharamshala (also spelled Dharamsala) is a town in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

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Districts of China

The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China.

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Doilungdêqên, Lhasa

Doilungdêqên District is a district in Lhasa, north-west of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet Autonomous Region.

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Donggar Subdistrict

Donggar is a subdistrict in Doilungdêqên District in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, northwest of Lhasa.

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Double First-Class Construction

The World First-Class Universities and First-Class Academic Disciplines Construction, together known as Double First-Class Construction, is a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government, initiated in 2015.

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Drepung Monastery

Drepung Monastery ("Rice Heap Monastery"), located at the foot of Mount Gephel, is one of the "great three" Gelug university gompas (monasteries) of Tibet.

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Drigung Monastery

Drigung Thil Monastery is a monastery in Maizhokunggar County, Lhasa, Tibet founded in 1179.

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Dromtön

Dromtön, Drom Tonpa or Dromtönpa Gyelwé Jungné (1004 or 1005–1064) was the chief disciple of the Buddhist master Atiśa, the initiator of the Kadam school of Tibetan Buddhism and the founder of Reting Monastery.

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Duck

Duck is the common name for numerous species of waterfowl in the family Anatidae.

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Duilong River

The Duilong River, or Duilong Qu (Toelung), is a right tributary of the Lhasa River, which it enters just below the city of Lhasa, Tibet, China.

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Empire of Japan

The Empire of Japan, also referred to as the Japanese Empire, Imperial Japan, or simply Japan, was the Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the reformed Constitution of Japan in 1947.

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Eocene

The Eocene is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma).

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First Opium War

The First Opium War, also known as the Anglo-Chinese War, was a series of military engagements fought between the British Empire and the Qing dynasty of China between 1839 and 1842.

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Foreland basin

A foreland basin is a structural basin that develops adjacent and parallel to a mountain belt.

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Francis Younghusband

Lieutenant Colonel Sir Francis Edward Younghusband, (31 May 1863 – 31 July 1942) was a British Army officer, explorer and spiritual writer.

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Fritillaria

Fritillaria (fritillaries) is a genus of spring flowering herbaceous bulbous perennial plants in the lily family (Liliaceae).

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Gandainqoikor

Lhünzhub, or Ganden Chökhor is a small town, the administrative center of Lhünzhub County in the Lhasa Prefecture of Tibet, China.

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Ganden Monastery

Ganden Monastery (also Gaden or Gandain) or Ganden Namgyeling or Monastery of Gahlden is one of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet.

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Gangdese batholith

The Gangdese batholith or Gangdese volcanic arc is a major geological structure in the south of the Lhasa terrane in Tibet, to the north of the Himalayas.

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Gelug

Bodhgaya (India). The Gelug (also Geluk; 'virtuous')Kay, David N. (2007).

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Goat

The goat or domestic goat (Capra hircus) is a species of domesticated goat-antelope that is mostly kept as livestock.

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Goikarla Rigyu

Goikarla Rigyu, also spelled Goikarla Ri'gyü or Guotalari, is a range of mountains to the north of the Yarlung Tsangpo River and southeast of the city of Lhasa in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Gompa

A Gompa or Gönpa or Gumba ("remote place", Sanskrit araṇya), also known as ling ("island"), is a sacred Buddhist spiritual compound where teachings may be given and lineage sādhanās may be stored.

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Gonggar County

Gonggar County, also Gongkar, is a county of Shannan in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, it's one of the 12 counties of the prefecture.

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Government of China

The government of the People's Republic of China is based on a system of people's congress within the parameters of a unitary communist state, in which the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enacts its policies through people's congresses.

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Gyama Palace

Gyama Palace or Gyama Mingyur Ling in Maizhokunggar County, Lhasa, Tibet, now ruined, was built by Namri Songtsen in the 6th century as the new capital of the expanding Tibetan Empire.

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Half-graben

A half-graben is a geological structure bounded by a fault along one side of its boundaries, unlike a full graben where a depressed block of land is bordered by parallel faults.

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Han Chinese

The Han Chinese or the Han people, or colloquially known as the Chinese are an East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China.

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Hideki Tojo

was a Japanese politician, military leader and convicted war criminal who served as prime minister of Japan and president of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association from 1941 to 1944 during World War II.

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Highland barley

Highland barley, Tibetan barley or Himalayan barley (Tibetan: ནས་; Wylie: nas; Chinese:; qīngkē, or 藏青稞; zàng qīngkē) is the principal cereal cultivated on the Tibetan Plateau, used mainly to make tsampa and liquor (chang).

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Himalayas

The Himalayas, or Himalaya.

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Horse

The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal.

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Hutoushan Reservoir

Hutoushan Reservoir (Hutoushan Shuiku) is a man made reservoir in Lhünzhub County, Tibet, to the north of the city of Lhasa.

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Ice age

An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.

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India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

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Indus-Yarlung suture zone

The Indus-Yarlung suture zone or the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture is a tectonic suture in southern Tibet and across the north margin of the Himalayas which resulted from the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate starting about 52 Ma.

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International Railway Journal

The International Railway Journal (IRJ) is a monthly international trade magazine published by Simmons-Boardman Publishing in Falmouth, England.

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ISO 3166-2:CN

ISO 3166-2:CN is the entry for China in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g. provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

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Je Tsongkhapa

Tsongkhapa (Tibetan: ཙོང་ཁ་པ་, meaning: "the man from Tsongkha" or "the Man from Onion Valley", c. 1357–1419) was an influential Tibetan Buddhist monk, philosopher and tantric yogi, whose activities led to the formation of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.

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Jokhang

The Jokhang, or the Ra sa 'phrul snang gtsug lag khang, or Qoikang Monastery, or Zuglagkang, (or Tsuklakang), is considered the "heart of Lhasa".

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Jurassic

The Jurassic is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya.

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Kadam (Tibetan Buddhism)

Tibetan Portrait of Atiśa The Kadam school of Tibetan Buddhism was an 11th century Buddhist tradition founded by the great Bengali master Atiśa (982–1054) and his students like Dromtön (1005–1064), a Tibetan Buddhist lay master.

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Kagyu

The Kagyu school, also transliterated as Kagyü, or Kagyud, which translates to "Oral Lineage" or "Whispered Transmission" school, is one of the main schools (chos lugs) of Tibetan (or Himalayan) Buddhism.

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Karma Kagyu

Karma Kagyu, or Kamtsang Kagyu, is a widely practiced and probably the second-largest lineage within the Kagyu school, one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.

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Kundeling Monastery

Kundeling Monastery is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Lhasa, Tibet, China.

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Kunggar

Kunggar or Maizhokunggar is a small town and seat of Maizhokunggar County in the Lhasa Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949.

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Langdarma

Darma U Dum Tsen, better known as Langdarma ("Mature Bull" or "Darma the Bull") was the 42nd and last king of the Tibetan Empire who in 838 killed his brother, King Ralpachen, then reigned from 841 to 842 CE before he himself was assassinated.

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Late Cretaceous

The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale.

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Lexico

Lexico was a dictionary website that provided a collection of English and Spanish dictionaries produced by Oxford University Press (OUP), the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Lhasa

Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China. Lhasa (city) and Lhasa are Populated places in Tibet and prefecture-level divisions of Tibet.

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Lhasa Airport Expressway

The Lhasa Airport Expressway, officially the Lhasa to Gonggar Airport Expressway, also shortened to the Lagong Expressway is an expressway that links Lhasa Gonggar Airport to the city center of Lhasa, the capital of the autonomous region of Tibet, China.

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Lhasa Gonggar Airport

Lhasa Gonggar Airport is the airport serving Lhasa, the capital city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.

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Lhasa railway station

Lhasa railway station is a railway station in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Lhasa River

The Lhasa River, also called Kyi Chu, is a northern tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the south of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Lhasa Teachers College

Lhasa Teachers College (拉萨师范高等专科学校), also known as Lhasa Normal College, is a teacher training institution in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) of the People's Republic of China, located at No.

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Lhasa terrane

The Lhasa terrane is a terrane, or fragment of crustal material, sutured to the Eurasian Plate during the Cretaceous that forms present-day southern Tibet.

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Lhasa Tibetan

Lhasa Tibetan, or Standard Tibetan, is the Tibetan dialect spoken by educated people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region.

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Lhünzhub County

Lhünzhub County is a county in Lhasa towards the north-east of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet, China.

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Lingzhi (mushroom)

Lingzhi, Ganoderma sichuanense, also known as reishi or Ganoderma lingzhi is a polypore fungus ("bracket fungus") native to East Asia belonging to the genus Ganoderma.

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Liuwu Bridge

The Liuwu Bridge (crosses the Lhasa River linking downtown Lhasa, Tibet to Lhasa railway station and Niu New Area on the south bank. It was built in conjunction with the Qinghai–Tibet Railway, which terminates on the south side of the river, and provides a connection to the town center on the north side.

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Liuwu Subdistrict

Liuwu New Area or Niu New Area, officially Liuwu Subdistrict or Niu Subdistrict, is a subdivision of Doilungdêqên of Lhasa, Tibet in Western China.

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Luso-Chinese agreement

The Luso-Chinese agreement of 1554 (Acordo Luso-Chinês de 1554) was a trade agreement between the Portuguese headed by Leonel de Sousa, and the authorities of Guangzhou headed by the Provincial Admiral (海道副使; haitao in European sources) Wang Bo (汪柏), which allowed for the legalization of Portuguese trade in China by paying taxes.

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Maizhokunggar County

Maizhokunggar County or Meldro Gungkar County is a county of Lhasa and east of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet Autonomous Region.

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese politician, Marxist theorist, military strategist, poet, and revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Mayor

In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town.

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McLeod Ganj

McLeod Ganj or McLeodganj (pronounced) is a suburb of Dharamshala in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, India.

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McMahon Line

The McMahon Line is the boundary between Tibet and British India as agreed in the maps and notes exchanged by the respective plenipotentiaries on 24–25 March 1914 at Delhi, as part of the 1914 Simla Convention.

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Mesozoic

The Mesozoic Era is the penultimate era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods.

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Mila Mountain

Mila Mountain, or Mira Mountain, or Milha Mountain, is a mountain in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, roughly by road northeast of Lhasa.

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Mongol invasions of Tibet

There were several Mongol invasions of Tibet.

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Mongolian gazelle

The Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), or dzeren (Дзерэн), is a medium-sized antelope native to the semiarid Central Asian steppes of Mongolia, southern Siberia and northern China.

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Mount Nyenchen Tanglha

Mount Nyenchen Tanglha (officially Nyainqêntanglha Feng;; Chinese: 念青唐古拉峰, Pinyin: Niànqīng Tánggǔlā Fēng) is the highest peak of Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains, which together with the Gangdise range forms the Transhimalaya.

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Muru Nyingba Monastery

Muru Ningba or Meru Nyingba (rMe ru snying pa) (Tibetan: རྨེ་རུ་སྙིང་པ་) is a small Buddhist monastery located between the larger monasteries of Jokhang and Barkhor in the city of Lhasa, Tibet, China.

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Nagqu

Nagqu (also Naqu, Nakchu, or Nagchu) is a prefecture-level city in the north of the Chinese autonomous region of Tibet. Lhasa (city) and Nagqu are prefecture-level divisions of Tibet.

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Namri Songtsen

Namri Songtsen, also known as "Namri Löntsen" (died 618) was according to tradition, the 32nd King of Tibet of the Yarlung dynasty.

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Namtso

Namtso or Lake Nam (officially: Namco; Tenger nuur;;; “Heavenly Lake” in European literature: Tengri Nor) is a mountain lake on the border between Damxung County of Lhasa prefecture-level city and Baingoin County of Nagqu Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, approximately NNW of Lhasa.

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Nechung

Nechung Monastery, Nechung Gompa or Nechung Chok ("the small dwelling"), is the seat of the State Oracle of Tibet.

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Nechung Oracle

The Nechung Oracle is the personal oracle of the Dalai Lama since the second Dalai Lama.

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Nimu Maqu River

The Nimu Maqu River is a left tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (upper Brahmaputra) that flows south through Nyêmo County in Lhasa Municipality, Tibet, China.

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Nyang River

The Nyang River (also transliterated as Niyang or Nanpan) is a major river in south-west Tibet and the second largest tributary of the Yarlung Tsangpo River by discharge.

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Nyêmo Chekar monastery

Nyêmo Chekar monastery (snye mo bye dkar) ཉེ་མོ་ཆེ་དཀར་དགོན། is a small Buddhist monastery of the Bodongpa tradition in Nyêmo County, Lhasa, Tibet.

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Nyêmo County

Nyêmo is a county in the Lhasa west of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet.

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Nyêmo Township

Nyêmo is a township of Nyêmo County in the Lhasa Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Nyêtang Township

Nyêtang (Tibetan: མཉེས་ཐང་) is a village in Qüxü County in the Lhasa Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains

The Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains (officially spelt Nyainqêntanglha Mountains in Chinese) are a long mountain range, and subrange of the Transhimalaya System, located in Tibet and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Nyethang Drolma Temple

The Nyethang Drolma Temple is a temple in Nyêtang in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China dedicated to Tara.

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Nyingchi

Nyingchi, also known as Linzhi or Nyingtri, is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. Lhasa (city) and Nyingchi are prefecture-level divisions of Tibet.

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Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (synonym Cordyceps sinensis), known colloquially as caterpillar fungus, is an entomopathogenic fungus (a fungus that grows on insects) in the family Ophiocordycipitaceae.

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Otter

Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Padmasambhava

Padmasambhava ("Born from a Lotus"), also known as Guru Rinpoche (Precious Guru) and the Lotus from Oḍḍiyāna, was a tantric Buddhist Vajra master from medieval India who taught Vajrayana in Tibet (circa 8th – 9th centuries)... According to some early Tibetan sources like the Testament of Ba, he came to Tibet in the 8th century and helped construct Samye Monastery, the first Buddhist monastery in Tibet.

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Paleozoic

The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era is the first of three geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon.

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Pangduo Hydro Power Station

The Pangduo Hydro Power Station (also called the Pondo Hydro Power Station) is a reservoir and dam on the Lhasa River in Lhünzhub County to the east of Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Pengbo River

The Pengbo River is a tributary of the Lhasa River that runs through the western part of Lhünzhub County, Lhasa municipality, Tibet, China.

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Pheasant

Pheasants are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes.

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Pingjin campaign

The Pingjin campaign, also known as the Battle of Pingjin and also officially known in Chinese Communist historiography as the Liberation of Beijing and Tianjin was part of the three major campaigns launched by the People's Liberation Army during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War against the Government of the Republic of China.

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Polar ice cap

A polar ice cap or polar cap is a high-latitude region of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite that is covered in ice.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.

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Portuguese Macau

Macau (officially the Province of Macau from 1897 to 1976 and later the Autonomous Region of Macau from 1976 to 1999) was a Portuguese colony from the establishment of the first official Portuguese settlement of Macau in 1557 to its handover to China in 1999.

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Postal codes in China

Postal codes in the People's Republic of China are postal codes used by China Post for the delivery of letters and goods within mainland China.

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Potala Palace

The Potala Palace is a ''dzong'' fortress in Lhasa, capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region in China.

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Prefecture-level city

A prefecture-level city or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.

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Proclamation of the People's Republic of China

The proclamation of the People's Republic of China was made by Mao Zedong, the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), on October 1, 1949, in Tiananmen Square in Beijing.

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Project 211

Project 211 was a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government for preparing approximately 100 universities for the 21st century, initiated in November 1995.

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Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party

The Publicity Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, also known as the Propaganda Department or Central Propaganda Department, is an internal division of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in charge of spreading its ideology, media regulation, as well as creation and dissemination of propaganda.

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Purpu Tonchup

Purpu Tonchup (born November 1972) is a Chinese politician of Tibetan ethnicity, currently serving as vice governor of Sichuan.

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Qüxü

Qüxü or Chushur or Chusul or Chushul is a town and township and capital of Qüxü County in the Lhasa Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Qüxü County

Qüxü County is a county in the Lhasa southwest of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet, China.

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Qiangtang terrane

The Qiantang terrane is one of three main west-east-trending terranes of the Tibetan Plateau.

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Qinghai–Tibet railway

The Qinghai–Tibet railway or Qingzang railway (མཚོ་བོད་ལྕགས་ལམ།, mtsho bod lcags lam), is a high-elevation railway line in China between Xining, Qinghai Province, and Lhasa, Tibet.

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Ramoche Temple

Ramoche Temple is a Buddhist monastery in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region.

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Red Guards

The Red Guards were a mass, student-led, paramilitary social movement mobilized by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1966 until their abolishment in 1968, during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, which he had instituted.

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Renminbi

The renminbi (symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB), also known as Chinese Yuan is the official currency of the People's Republic of China.

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Reting Monastery

Reting Monastery is an historically important Buddhist monastery in Lhünzhub County in Lhasa, Ü-Tsang, Tibet.

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Reting Tsangpo

The Reting Tsangpo is a river in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Rhodiola

Rhodiola is a genus of perennial plants in the family Crassulaceae that resemble Sedum and other members of the family.

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Richter scale

The Richter scale, also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Richter in collaboration with Beno Gutenberg, and presented in Richter's landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale".

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Roe deer

The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the roe, western roe deer, or European roe, is a species of deer.

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Sakya

The Sakya ('pale earth') school is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, the others being the Nyingma, Kagyu, and Gelug.

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Samding Dorje Phagmo

The Samding Dorje Phagmo is the highest female incarnation in TibetThe Power-places of Central Tibet: The Pilgrim's Guide, (1988) p. 268.

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Sanga Monastery

Sanga Monastery is a small Tibetan Buddhist monastery located in the town of Dagzê in Dagzê County, Lhasa, Tibet.

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Second Battle of Chuenpi

The Second Battle of Chuenpi was fought between British and Chinese forces in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong province, China, on 7January 1841 during the First Opium War.

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Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931.

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Sera Monastery

Sera Monastery ("Wild Roses Monastery") is one of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet, located north of Lhasa and about north of the Jokhang.

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Shamarpa

The Shamarpa (literally, "Person (i.e. Holder) of the Red Crown"), also known as Shamar Rinpoche, or more formally Künzig Shamar Rinpoche, is the second oldest lineage of tulkus (reincarnated lamas).

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Shannan, Tibet

ShannanThe official spelling according to, also known as Lhoka, is a prefecture-level city in the southeastern Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Lhasa (city) and Shannan, Tibet are Populated places in Tibet and prefecture-level divisions of Tibet.

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Sheep

Sheep (sheep) or domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are a domesticated, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.

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Shigatse

Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê, or Rikaze, is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Lhasa (city) and Shigatse are prefecture-level divisions of Tibet.

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Siberian ibex

The Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), also known using regionalized names including Altai ibex, Asian ibex, Central Asian ibex, Gobi ibex, Himalayan ibex, Mongolian ibex or Tian Shan ibex, is a polytypic species of ibex, a wild relative of goats and sheep.

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Sichuan

Sichuan is a province in Southwestern China occupying the Sichuan Basin and Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south.

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Sichuan–Tibet railway

The Sichuan–Tibet railway, Sichuan–Xizang railway or Chuanzang railway is a high-elevation and the National first-class trunk railway in China that will connect Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, and Lhasa, the capital of Xizang Autonomous Region, when fully completed.

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Simplified Chinese characters

Simplified Chinese characters are one of two standardized character sets widely used to write the Chinese language, with the other being traditional characters.

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Snow leopard

The snow leopard (Panthera uncia), occasionally called ounce, is a species of large cat in the genus Panthera of the family Felidae.

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Songtsen Gampo

Songtsen Gampo (Classical, pronounced) (569–649/650), also Songzan Ganbu, was the 33rd Tibetan king of the Yarlung dynasty and he established the Tibetan Empire.

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Stupa

In Buddhism, a stupa (lit) is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (such as śarīra – typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation.

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Subduction

Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.

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Taklung Monastery

Taklung Monastery, Taklung stag-lung,Dorje and Kapstein (1991), p. 478.

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Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty (唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.

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Thangka

A thangka (Tibetan: ཐང་ཀ་; Nepal Bhasa: पौभा) is a Tibetan Buddhist painting on cotton, silk appliqué, usually depicting a Buddhist deity, scene, or mandala.

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Thorold's deer

Thorold's deer (Cervus albirostris)Pitraa, Fickela, Meijaard, Groves (2004).

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Tibet (1912–1951)

Tibet was a de facto independent state in East Asia that lasted from the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1912 until its annexation by the People's Republic of China in 1951.

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Tibet Autonomous Region

The Tibet Autonomous Region, officially the Xizang Autonomous Region, often shortened to Tibet or Xizang, is an autonomous region of China and is part of Southwestern China.

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Tibet under Qing rule

Tibet under Qing rule refers to the Qing dynasty's rule over Tibet from 1720 to 1912.

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Tibet University

Tibet University (UTibet) is a regional public university in Lhasa, Tibet, China.

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Tibetan Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism is a form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet, Bhutan and Mongolia.

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Tibetan Empire

The Tibetan Empire was an empire centered on the Tibetan Plateau, formed as a result of imperial expansion under the Yarlung dynasty heralded by its 33rd king, Songtsen Gampo, in the 7th century.

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Tibetan people

The Tibetan people are an East Asian ethnic group native to Tibet.

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Tibetan pinyin

Pö yig Kigajor--> The SASM/GNC/SRC romanization of Standard Tibetan, commonly known as Tibetan pinyin or ZWPY (拼音|p.

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Tibetan Plateau

The Tibetan Plateau, also known as Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and Qing–Zang Plateau, is a vast elevated plateau located at the intersection of Central, South, and East Asia covering most of the Tibet Autonomous Region, most of Qinghai, western half of Sichuan, Southern Gansu provinces in Western China, southern Xinjiang, Bhutan, the Indian regions of Ladakh and Lahaul and Spiti (Himachal Pradesh) as well as Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, northwestern Nepal, eastern Tajikistan and southern Kyrgyzstan.

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Tibetan script

The Tibetan script is a segmental writing system, or abugida, derived from of Brahmic scripts and Gupta script, and used to write certain Tibetic languages, including Tibetan, Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Ladakhi, Jirel and Balti.

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Time in China

The time in China follows a single standard time offset of UTC+08:00 (eight hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time) based on the National Time Service Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences located in Mount Li, Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, even though the country spans five geographical time zones.

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Traditional Chinese characters

Traditional Chinese characters are a standard set of Chinese character forms used to write Chinese languages.

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Trisong Detsen

Tri Songdetsen was the son of Me Agtsom, the 38th emperor of Tibet.

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Tsampa

Tsampa or Tsamba is a Tibetan and Himalayan staple foodstuff, it is also prominent in parts of northern Nepal.

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Tsomon Ling

Tsomon Ling, Tsomonling, Tsome Ling, Chomoling (or Tsho smon gling - pronounced 'Tsemonling') is a temple in inner Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, south of the Ramoche Temple, and on the corner of one of the main roads, Dekyi Shar Lam.

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Tsurphu Monastery

Tsurphu Monastery (or Tölung Tsurphu ("Tsurphu of Tölong") is a gompa which serves as the traditional seat of the Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. It is located in Gurum in Doilungdêqên District, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, from Lhasa.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.

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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.

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United States dollar

The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD; also abbreviated US$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries.

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University

A university is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines.

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Vehicle registration plates of China

Vehicle registration plates in China are mandatory metal or plastic plates attached to motor vehicles in mainland China for official identification purposes.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.

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World Heritage Site

World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.

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Wylie transliteration

Wylie transliteration is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English-language typewriter.

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Yak

The yak (Bos grunniens), also known as the Tartary ox, grunting ox, or hairy cattle, is a species of long-haired domesticated cattle found throughout the Himalayan region of Gilgit-Baltistan (Kashmir, Pakistan), Nepal, Sikkim (India), the Tibetan Plateau, (China), Tajikistan and as far north as Mongolia and Siberia.

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Yamdrok Hydropower Station

The Yamdrok Hydropower Station, also known as the Yamdrok Yumtso or Yamzhog Yumcog hydropower station, is a hydroelectric power station just north of Yamdrok Lake, about southwest of Qüxü.

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Yangbajain

Yangbajain (also spelled Yangbajing) is a town approximately north-west of Lhasa, halfway to Damxung in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Yangbajain Geothermal Field

The Yangbajain Geothermal Field (羊八井地热田) is a geothermal field near the town of Yangbajain in Damxung County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Yangpachen Monastery

Yangpachen Monastery is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Yangpachen (Tibetan: yangs pa can; Thub btsan yangs pa can), in the Lhasa Prefecture of Tibet.

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Yarlung Tsangpo

The Yarlung Tsangpo, also called Yarlung Zangbo and Yalu Zangbu River is the upper stream of the Brahmaputra River located in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

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Yerpa

Yerpa (also known as Brag Yer-pa, Drak Yerpa, Druk Yerpa, Dagyeba, Dayerpa and Trayerpa) is a monastery and a number of ancient meditation caves that used to house about 300 monks, located a short drive to the east of Lhasa, Tibet.

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Zhikong Hydro Power Station

The Zhikong Hydro Power Station, is a reservoir and power station on the Lhasa River in Maizhokunggar County to the east of Lhasa, Tibet, China.

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Zhou Enlai

Zhou Enlai (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat, and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China from September 1954 until his death in January 1976.

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13th Dalai Lama

Ngawang Lobsang Thupten Gyatso Jigdral Chokley Namgyal, abbreviated to Thubten Gyatso (12 February 1876 – 17 December 1933) was the 13th Dalai Lama of Tibet, enthroned during a turbulent era and the collapse of the Qing Dynasty.

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14th Dalai Lama

The 14th Dalai Lama (spiritual name: Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso, also known as Tenzin Gyatso;; born 6 July 1935) is, as the incumbent Dalai Lama, the highest spiritual leader and head of Tibetan Buddhism.

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1911 Revolution

The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China.

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1959 Tibetan uprising

The 1959 Tibetan uprising (also known by other names) began on 10 March 1959, when a revolt erupted in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, which had been under the effective control of the People's Republic of China (PRC) since the Seventeen Point Agreement was reached in 1951.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_(city)

Also known as Administrative divisions of Lhasa, Lhasa (prefecture-level city), Lhasa City, Lhasa Prefecture, Lhasa prefecture-level city.

, Empire of Japan, Eocene, First Opium War, Foreland basin, Francis Younghusband, Fritillaria, Gandainqoikor, Ganden Monastery, Gangdese batholith, Gelug, Goat, Goikarla Rigyu, Gompa, Gonggar County, Government of China, Gyama Palace, Half-graben, Han Chinese, Hideki Tojo, Highland barley, Himalayas, Horse, Hutoushan Reservoir, Ice age, India, Indus-Yarlung suture zone, International Railway Journal, ISO 3166-2:CN, Je Tsongkhapa, Jokhang, Jurassic, Kadam (Tibetan Buddhism), Kagyu, Karma Kagyu, Kundeling Monastery, Kunggar, Kuomintang, Langdarma, Late Cretaceous, Lexico, Lhasa, Lhasa Airport Expressway, Lhasa Gonggar Airport, Lhasa railway station, Lhasa River, Lhasa Teachers College, Lhasa terrane, Lhasa Tibetan, Lhünzhub County, Lingzhi (mushroom), Liuwu Bridge, Liuwu Subdistrict, Luso-Chinese agreement, Maizhokunggar County, Mao Zedong, Mayor, McLeod Ganj, McMahon Line, Mesozoic, Mila Mountain, Mongol invasions of Tibet, Mongolian gazelle, Mount Nyenchen Tanglha, Muru Nyingba Monastery, Nagqu, Namri Songtsen, Namtso, Nechung, Nechung Oracle, Nimu Maqu River, Nyang River, Nyêmo Chekar monastery, Nyêmo County, Nyêmo Township, Nyêtang Township, Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains, Nyethang Drolma Temple, Nyingchi, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Otter, Oxford University Press, Padmasambhava, Paleozoic, Pangduo Hydro Power Station, Pengbo River, Pheasant, Pingjin campaign, Polar ice cap, Portugal, Portuguese Macau, Postal codes in China, Potala Palace, Prefecture-level city, Proclamation of the People's Republic of China, Project 211, Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party, Purpu Tonchup, Qüxü, Qüxü County, Qiangtang terrane, Qinghai–Tibet railway, Ramoche Temple, Red Guards, Renminbi, Reting Monastery, Reting Tsangpo, Rhodiola, Richter scale, Roe deer, Sakya, Samding Dorje Phagmo, Sanga Monastery, Second Battle of Chuenpi, Second Sino-Japanese War, Sera Monastery, Shamarpa, Shannan, Tibet, Sheep, Shigatse, Siberian ibex, Sichuan, Sichuan–Tibet railway, Simplified Chinese characters, Snow leopard, Songtsen Gampo, Stupa, Subduction, Taklung Monastery, Tang dynasty, Thangka, Thorold's deer, Tibet (1912–1951), Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet under Qing rule, Tibet University, Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Empire, Tibetan people, Tibetan pinyin, Tibetan Plateau, Tibetan script, Time in China, Traditional Chinese characters, Trisong Detsen, Tsampa, Tsomon Ling, Tsurphu Monastery, UNESCO, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United States dollar, University, Vehicle registration plates of China, World Health Organization, World Heritage Site, Wylie transliteration, Yak, Yamdrok Hydropower Station, Yangbajain, Yangbajain Geothermal Field, Yangpachen Monastery, Yarlung Tsangpo, Yerpa, Zhikong Hydro Power Station, Zhou Enlai, 13th Dalai Lama, 14th Dalai Lama, 1911 Revolution, 1959 Tibetan uprising, 25th Army (Soviet Union), 3rd Dalai Lama, 5th Dalai Lama.

Lhasa (city), the Glossary

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