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List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists, the Glossary

This list of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists includes the famous astronomers, astrophysicists and cosmologists from the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation.^[1]

174 relations: Abraham Zelmanov, Accretion (astrophysics), Accretion disk, Active SETI, Aleksandr Chudakov, Aleksandr Mikhailov (astronomer), Alexander A. Gurshtein, Alexander Dubyago, Alexander Friedmann, Alexander Vyssotsky, Alexander Zaitsev (astronomer), Alexei Fridman, Anders Johan Lexell, Andrei Doroshkevich, Andrei Linde, Andrei Severny (astronomer), Andrejs Auzāns, Aristarkh Belopolsky, Armenia, Asteroid, Astronomer, Astronomical spectroscopy, Astrophysics, Atmosphere of Venus, Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin, Benjamin Jekhowsky, Benjamin Markarian, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, BKL singularity, Black hole, Boris Numerov, Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov, Byurakan Observatory, Celestial mechanics, Cepheid variable, Comet, Cosmic Call, Cosmic dust, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic ray, Cosmology, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Denis Denisenko, Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov, Dmitry Dubyago, Doppler effect, Double star, Einstein field equations, Elena V. Pitjeva, Eternal inflation, ... Expand index (124 more) »
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Russian astronomers

Abraham Zelmanov

Abraham Zelmanov (May 15, 1913 – February 2, 1987), was a scientist working in the General Theory of Relativity and cosmology.

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In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, into an accretion disk. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and accretion (astrophysics) are astrophysics.

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Accretion disk

An accretion disk is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body.

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Active SETI

Active SETI (Active Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence) is the attempt to send messages to intelligent extraterrestrial life.

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Aleksandr Chudakov

Aleksandr Evgenievich Chudakov (16 June 1921 – 25 January 2001) was a Soviet Russian physicist in the field of cosmic-ray physics, known for Chudakov Effect, the effect of decreasing ionization losses for narrow electron-positron pairs and for experimentally confirming existence of the transition radiation.

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Aleksandr Mikhailov (astronomer)

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikhailov (April 26 (N.S. date, April 14 O.S.), 1888, Morshansk - September 29, 1983) was an astronomer who was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Aleksandr Mikhailov (astronomer) are Soviet astronomers.

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Alexander A. Gurshtein

Alexander Aronovich Gurshtein (Александр Аронович Гурштейн, Aleksandr Aronovich Gurshteyn; February 21, 1937 – April 3, 2020) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and historian of science. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Alexander A. Gurshtein are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Alexander Dubyago

Alexander Dmitriyevich Dubyago (Александр Дмитриевич Дубяго in Russian) (December 5(18), 1903, Kazan - October 29, 1959, Kazan) was a Soviet astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Alexander Dubyago are Soviet astronomers.

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Alexander Friedmann

Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann (also spelled Friedman or Fridman;; Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Фри́дман; – September 16, 1925) was a Russian and Soviet physicist and mathematician.

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Alexander Vyssotsky

Alexander Nikolayevich Vyssotsky (Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Высо́тский, 23 May 1888 – 31 December 1973) was a Russian-American astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Alexander Vyssotsky are Russian astronomers.

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Alexander Zaitsev (astronomer)

Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev (Александр Леонидович Зайцев; 19 May 1945 – 29 November 2021) was a Russian and Soviet radio engineer and astronomer from Fryazino. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Alexander Zaitsev (astronomer) are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Alexei Fridman

Alexey Maksimovich Fridman (Алексей Максимович Фридман; 17 February 1940 – 29 October 2010) was a Soviet and Russian physicist specializing in astrophysics, physics of gravitating systems and plasma physics.

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Anders Johan Lexell

Anders Johan Lexell (24 December 1740 &ndash) was a Finnish-Swedish astronomer, mathematician, and physicist who spent most of his life in Imperial Russia, where he was known as Andrei Ivanovich Leksel (Андрей Иванович Лексель).

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Andrei Doroshkevich

Andrei Georgievich Doroshkevich (Андрей Георгиевич Дорошкевич, born 1937) is a Russian (and former Soviet) theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist, head of the laboratory on the physics of the early universe at the Lebedev Physical Institute. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Andrei Doroshkevich are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Andrei Linde

Andrei Dmitriyevich Linde (Андре́й Дми́триевич Ли́нде; born March 2, 1948) is a Russian-American theoretical physicist and the Harald Trap Friis Professor of Physics at Stanford University.

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Andrei Severny (astronomer)

Andrei B. Severny (Северный, Андрей Борисович; 1913–1987) was a Soviet astronomer, particularly known for his work on solar flares and astronomical observations from artificial satellites. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Andrei Severny (astronomer) are Soviet astronomers.

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Andrejs Auzāns

Andrejs Auzāns (1871–1953) was a Latvian general and topographer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Andrejs Auzāns are Russian astronomers.

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Aristarkh Belopolsky

Aristarkh Apollonovich Belopolsky (АристархАполлонович Белопольский; – 16 May 1934) was a Russian Empire and later Soviet astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Aristarkh Belopolsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Armenia

Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia.

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Asteroid

An asteroid is a minor planet—an object that is neither a true planet nor an identified comet— that orbits within the inner Solar System.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Astronomical spectroscopy

Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Astronomical spectroscopy are astrophysics.

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Astrophysics

Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics and chemistry in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena.

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Atmosphere of Venus

The atmosphere of Venus is the very dense layer of gasses surrounding the planet Venus.

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Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin

Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin (Авенир Александрович Яковкин) (1887–1974) was a Russian astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin are Russian astronomers.

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Benjamin Jekhowsky

Benjamin Jekhowsky (Вениамин Павлович Жеховский, born 1881 in Saint-Petersburg (Russia), died in 1975, Encausse-les-Thermes (France)) was a Russian–French astronomer, born in Saint-Petersburg in a noble family of a Russian railroad official.

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Benjamin Markarian

Benjamin Egishevich Markarian (Բենիամին Եղիշեի Մարգարյան) was an Armenian astrophysicist.

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Big Bang nucleosynthesis

In physical cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (also known as primordial nucleosynthesis, and abbreviated as BBN) is the production of nuclei other than those of the lightest isotope of hydrogen (hydrogen-1, 1H, having a single proton as a nucleus) during the early phases of the universe.

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BKL singularity

A Belinski–Khalatnikov–Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the universe near the initial gravitational singularity, described by an anisotropic, chaotic solution of the Einstein field equation of gravitation.

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Black hole

A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light and other electromagnetic waves, is capable of possessing enough energy to escape it.

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Boris Numerov

Boris Vasilyevich Numerov (Борис Васильевич Нумеров; January 29, 1891—September 1941) was a Russian astronomer, land-surveyor and geophysicist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Boris Numerov are Russian astronomers.

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Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov

Boris Aleksandrovich Vorontsov-Velyaminov (Борис Александрович Воронцов-Вельяминов; February 14, 1904 – January 27, 1994) was a Russian astrophysicist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov are Soviet astronomers.

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Byurakan Observatory

The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, or Byurakan Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the Armenian Academy of Sciences.

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Celestial mechanics

Celestial mechanics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of objects in outer space. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Celestial mechanics are astrophysics.

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Cepheid variable

A Cepheid variable is a type of variable star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature.

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Comet

A comet is an icy, small Solar System body that warms and begins to release gases when passing close to the Sun, a process called outgassing.

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Cosmic Call

Cosmic Call was the name of two sets of interstellar radio messages that were sent from RT-70 in Yevpatoria, Ukraine in 1999 (Cosmic Call 1) and 2003 (Cosmic Call 2) to various nearby stars.

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Cosmic dust

Cosmic dustalso called extraterrestrial dust, space dust, or star dustis dust that occurs in outer space or has fallen onto Earth.

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Cosmic microwave background

The cosmic microwave background (CMB or CMBR) is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and cosmic microwave background are astrophysics.

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Cosmic ray

Cosmic rays or astroparticles are high-energy particles or clusters of particles (primarily represented by protons or atomic nuclei) that move through space at nearly the speed of light.

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Cosmology

Cosmology is a branch of physics and metaphysics dealing with the nature of the universe, the cosmos.

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Crimean Astrophysical Observatory

The Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (CrAO, obs. code: 095) is located at Nauchnij research campus, near the Central Crimean city of Bakhchysarai, on the Crimean peninsula.

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Denis Denisenko

Denis Denisenko (born January 16, 1971) is a Russian astronomer of the late 20th – early 21st century, discoverer of 10 supernovae, more than 150 variable stars, an asteroid, and a comet. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Denis Denisenko are Russian astronomers.

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Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov

Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov (Дми́трий Дми́триевич Максу́тов; – 12 August 1964) was a Soviet optical engineer and amateur astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov are Soviet astronomers.

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Dmitry Dubyago

Dmitry Ivanovich Dubyago (Дмитрий Иванович Дубяго in Russian) (September 21 (N.S. October 3), 1849 – October 22, 1918) was a Russian astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics, astrometry, and gravimetry.

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Doppler effect

The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave.

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Double star

In observational astronomy, a double star or visual double is a pair of stars that appear close to each other as viewed from Earth, especially with the aid of optical telescopes.

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Einstein field equations

In the general theory of relativity, the Einstein field equations (EFE; also known as Einstein's equations) relate the geometry of spacetime to the distribution of matter within it.

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Elena V. Pitjeva

Elena Vladimirovna Pitjeva (Елена Владимировна Питьева) is a Russian astronomer working at the Institute of Applied Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Elena V. Pitjeva are Russian astronomers.

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Eternal inflation

Eternal inflation is a hypothetical inflationary universe model, which is itself an outgrowth or extension of the Big Bang theory.

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Evgeny Lifshitz

Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz (Євге́н Миха́йлович Лі́фшиць, Евге́ний Миха́йлович Ли́фшиц; 21 February 1915 – 29 October 1985) was a leading Soviet physicist and brother of the physicist Ilya Lifshitz.

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Expansion of the universe

The expansion of the universe is the increase in distance between gravitationally unbound parts of the observable universe with time.

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Extraterrestrial life, alien life, or colloquially simply aliens, is life which does not originate from Earth.

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Felix Ziegel

Felix Yurievich Ziegel (Феликс Юрьевич Зигель, 20 March 1920 – 20 November 1988) was a Soviet researcher, Doctor of Science and docent of Cosmology at the Moscow Aviation Institute, author of more than forty popular books on astronomy and space exploration, generally regarded as a founder of Russian ufology. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Felix Ziegel are Soviet astronomers.

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Feodosy Krasovsky

Feodosy Nikolayevich Krasovsky (Феодосий Николаевич Красовский; – October 1, 1948) was a Russian Empire and Soviet astronomer and geodesist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Feodosy Krasovsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Florensky (crater)

Florensky is a lunar impact crater that is attached to the northeastern rim of the larger crater Vernadskiy.

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Friedmann equations

The Friedmann equations, also known as the Friedmann–Lemaître (FL) equations, are a set of equations in physical cosmology that govern the expansion of space in homogeneous and isotropic models of the universe within the context of general relativity.

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Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric

The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric (FLRW) is a metric based on an exact solution of the Einstein field equations of general relativity.

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Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve

Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Василий Яковлевич Струве, trans. Vasily Yakovlevich Struve; 15 April 1793 –) was a Baltic German astronomer and geodesist.

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Fyodor Bredikhin

Fyodor Aleksandrovich Bredikhin (Фёдор Александрович Бредихин, 8 December 1831 – 14 May 1904) was a Russian astronomer.

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Galactic astronomy

Galactic astronomy is the study of the Milky Way galaxy and all its contents.

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Gamow factor

The Gamow factor, Sommerfeld factor or Gamow–Sommerfeld factor, named after its discoverer George Gamow or after Arnold Sommerfeld, is a probability factor for two nuclear particles' chance of overcoming the Coulomb barrier in order to undergo nuclear reactions, for example in nuclear fusion.

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Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov

Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov (Гавриил Адрианович Тихов, 1 May 1875 – 25 January 1960) was a Soviet astronomer who was a pioneer in astrobiology and is considered to be the father of astrobotany. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov are Soviet astronomers.

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General relativity

General relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and is the current description of gravitation in modern physics.

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Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

Gennady Semyonovych Bisnovatyi-Kogan is an astrophysicist.

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George Gamow

George Gamow (sometimes Gammoff; born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov; Георгий Антонович Гамов; 4 March 1904 – 19 August 1968) was a Soviet and American polymath, theoretical physicist and cosmologist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and George Gamow are Soviet astronomers.

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George Volkoff

George Michael Volkoff, (February 23, 1914 – April 24, 2000) was a Russian-Canadian physicist and academic who helped, with J. Robert Oppenheimer, predict the existence of neutron stars before they were discovered.

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Georgij A. Krasinsky

Georgij Albertovich Krasinsky (Георгий Альбертович Красинский, February 19, 1939; Leningrad, USSR – March 17, 2011, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian astronomer active at the Institute of Applied Astronomy, Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Georgij A. Krasinsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Grigory Neujmin

Grigory Nikolayevich Neujmin (Григорий Николаевич Неуймин; – 17 December 1946) was a Georgian–Russian astronomer, native of Tbilisi in Georgia, and a discoverer of numerous minor planets as well as 6 periodic and a hyperbolic comet at the Pulkovo and Simeiz Observatories during the first half of the 20th century. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Grigory Neujmin are Soviet astronomers.

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Grigory Shajn

Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Григорий Абрамович Шайн) (April 19, 1892 – August 4, 1956) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Grigory Shajn are Soviet astronomers.

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Igor Belkovich

Igor Vladimirovich Belkovich (Игорь Владимирович Белькович) (October 15, 1904 (OS: October 2) – May 30, 1949) was a Soviet astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Igor Belkovich are Soviet astronomers.

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Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov

Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov (И́горь Дми́триевич Но́виков; born November 10, 1935) is a Russian (and former Soviet) theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Iosif Shklovsky

Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Ио́сиф Самуи́лович Шкло́вский; sometimes transliterated Josif, Josif, Shklovskii, Shklovskij) (1 July 1916 – 3 March 1985) was a Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Iosif Shklovsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Irkutsk State University

Irkutsk State University (Ирку́тский госуда́рственный университе́т) was founded in October 1918 in Irkutsk, Siberia.

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Isaak Khalatnikov

Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a leading Soviet theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to many areas of theoretical physics, including general relativity, quantum field theory, as well as the theory of quantum liquids.

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Ivan Yarkovsky

Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky (Jan Jarkowski) (24 May 1844, Asveya, Vitebsk Governorate – 22 January 1902, Heidelberg) was a Polish Russian civil engineer.

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Ivan Yazev

Ivan Naumovich Yazev (Иван Наумович Язев; 28 September 1895 18 April 1955) was a Soviet astronomer, geodesist, and professor. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Ivan Yazev are Soviet astronomers.

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Jacob Bruce

Count James/Jacob Daniel Bruce (Я́ков Ви́лимович Брюс, tr.; 11 May 1669 – 30 April 1735) was a Russian general, statesman, diplomat and scientist of Scottish descent (Clan Bruce), one of the chief associates of Peter the Great; Bruce was president of the Collegium of Mining and Manufacturing from 1717 to 1722, and president of the Collegium of Mining from 1722 to 1726.

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Kardashev scale

The Kardashev scale (Shkalá Kardashova) is a method of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy it is capable of harnessing and using.

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Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer

Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer (16 February 1816 – 6 July 1873) was a Swiss astronomer who travelled to Moscow in 1845 to become Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy at the Survey Institute, and later director of the Moscow University Observatory.

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Kirill Florensky

Kirill Pavlovich Florensky (Кири́лл Па́влович Флоре́нский; 27 December 1915 – 9 April 1982) was a Russian Soviet geochemist and planetologist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Kirill Florensky are Soviet astronomers.

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Kronid Lyubarsky

Kronid Arkadyevich Lyubarsky (Крони́д Арка́дьевич Люба́рский; 4 April 1934 – 23 May 1996) was a Russian journalist, dissident, human rights activist and political prisoner. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Kronid Lyubarsky are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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List of astronomers

The following is a list of astronomers, astrophysicists and other notable people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and list of astronomers are lists of space scientists.

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List of minor planets: 5001–6000

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List of Russian inventors

This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and list of Russian inventors are lists of Russian people by occupation.

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Lyudmila Chernykh

Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Людми́ла Ива́новна Черны́х, June 13, 1935 in Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast – July 28, 2017) was a Ukrainian-Russian-Soviet astronomer, wife and colleague of Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, and a prolific discoverer of minor planets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Lyudmila Chernykh are Soviet astronomers.

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Lyudmila Karachkina

Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (Людмила Георгиевна Карачкина, born 3 September 1948, Rostov-on-Don) is an astronomer and discoverer of minor planets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Lyudmila Karachkina are Soviet astronomers.

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Lyudmila Zhuravleva

Lyudmila Vasilyevna Zhuravleva (Людмила Васильевна Журавлёва, translit; born 22 May 1946) is a Soviet, Russian and Ukrainian astronomer, who worked at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, where she discovered 213 minor planets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Lyudmila Zhuravleva are Soviet astronomers.

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Maksutov telescope

The Maksutov (also called a "Mak") is a catadioptric telescope design that combines a spherical mirror with a weakly negative meniscus lens in a design that takes advantage of all the surfaces being nearly "spherically symmetrical".

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Marian Albertovich Kowalski

Marian Albertovich Kowalski (Мариан Альбертович Ковальский) (15 August 1821 or 15 October 1821 – 28 May 1884 or 9 July 1884) was a Polish-Russian astronomer.

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Markarian's Chain

Markarian's Chain is a stretch of galaxies that forms part of the Virgo Cluster.

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Matvei Bronstein

Matvei Petrovich Bronstein (Матве́й Петро́вич Бронште́йн, – February 18, 1938) was a Soviet theoretical physicist, a pioneer of quantum gravity, author of works in astrophysics, semiconductors, quantum electrodynamics and cosmology, as well as of a number of books in popular science for children.

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Matvey Gusev

Matvey Matveyevich Gusev (Матве́й Матве́евич Гу́сев) (in Vyatka, Russia– in Berlin, Germany) was a Russian astronomer who worked at Pulkovo Observatory near St. Petersburg from 1850 to 1852 and then at Vilnius Observatory.

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Meteor shower

A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate, or originate, from one point in the night sky.

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Meteoroid

A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic body in outer space.

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Mikhail Lomonosov

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (ləmɐˈnosəf|a.

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Mikhail Lyapunov

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lyapunov was a Russian astronomer and a head of the Demidov Lyceum in Yaroslavl.

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Milky Way

The Milky Way is the galaxy that includes the Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye.

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Moon

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

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Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies

The Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) or Morfologiceskij Katalog Galaktik, is a Russian catalogue of 30,642 galaxies compiled by Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov and V. P. Arkhipova.

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Mykolaiv Observatory

Mykolaiv Observatory (full name: Research Institute “Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory”, Науково-дослідницький інститут «Миколаївська астрономічна обсерваторія») is an astronomical observatory in Mykolaiv, Ukraine.

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Nadezhda Sytinskaya

Nadezhda Nikolaevna Sytinskaya (Russian: Надежда Николаевна Сытинская; 22 February 1906 – 4 July 1974) was a Soviet Astronomer and academic originally from Tallinn who studied meteoroids and planetary surfaces. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nadezhda Sytinskaya are Soviet astronomers.

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Naum Idelson

Naum Ilyich Idelson (Наум Ильич Идельсон) (March 1(13), 1885, Saint Petersburg - July 14, 1951, Leningrad) was a Soviet theoretical astronomer and expert in history of physics and mathematics. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Naum Idelson are Russian astronomers.

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Nebular hypothesis

The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems).

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Neutron star

A neutron star is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star.

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Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev

Nikolai Alexandrovich Kozyrev (Никола́й Алекса́ндрович Ко́зырев; 2 September 1908 – 27 February 1983) was a Soviet Russian astronomer and astrophysicist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev are Soviet astronomers.

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Nikolai Barabashov

Nikolai Pavlovich Barabashov (Николай Павлович Барабашов; Mykola Pavlovych Barabashov; March 30, 1894 – April 29, 1971) was a Soviet astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolai Barabashov are Soviet astronomers.

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Nikolai Chernykh

Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (nʲɪkɐˈlaj sʲtʲɪˈpanəvʲɪtɕ tɕɪrˈnɨx; 6 October 1931 – 25 May 2004) was a Russian-born Soviet astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and comets at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyi, Crimea. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolai Chernykh are Soviet astronomers.

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Nikolai Kardashev

Nikolai Semyonovich Kardashev (p; 25 April 1932 – 3 August 2019) was a Soviet and Russian astrophysicist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and the deputy director of the Astro Space Center of PN Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolai Kardashev are Soviet astronomers.

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Nikolai Shakura

Nikolai Ivanovich Shakura (Николай Иванович Шакура; born October 7, 1945, in Belarus SSR) is a Russian astrophysicist. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolai Shakura are Russian astronomers and Russian physicists.

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Nikolay Moiseyev

Nikolay Dmitriyevich Moiseyev (Никола́й Дми́триевич Моисе́ев; December 3(16), 1902 in Perm – December 6, 1955 in Moscow) was a Soviet astronomer and expert in celestial mechanics. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Nikolay Moiseyev are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Novikov self-consistency principle

The Novikov self-consistency principle, also known as the Novikov self-consistency conjecture and Larry Niven's law of conservation of history, is a principle developed by Russian physicist Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov in the mid-1980s.

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Observatory

An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events.

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Optical spectrometer

An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials.

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Otto Struve

Otto Lyudvigovich Struve (Отто Людвигович Струве; 12 August 1897 – 6 April 1963) was a Ukrainian-American astronomer of Baltic German origin.

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Otto Wilhelm von Struve

Otto Wilhelm von Struve (May 7, 1819 (Julian calendar: April 25) – April 14, 1905) was a Russian astronomer of Baltic German origins.

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Pavel Parenago

Pavel Petrovich Parenago (Па́вел Петро́вич Парена́го, 20 March 1906 – 5 January 1960) was a Soviet scientist, astronomer, and professor. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Pavel Parenago are Soviet astronomers.

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Planetesimal

Planetesimals are solid objects thought to exist in protoplanetary disks and debris disks.

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Pulkovo Observatory

The Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory (Pulkovskaya astronomicheskaya observatoriya), officially named the Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Pulkovo, is the principal astronomical observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Quantum tunnelling

In physics, quantum tunnelling, barrier penetration, or simply tunnelling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an object such as an electron or atom passes through a potential energy barrier that, according to classical mechanics, should not be passable due to the object not having sufficient energy to pass or surmount the barrier.

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Quasar

A quasar is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN).

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Radar astronomy

Radar astronomy is a technique of observing nearby astronomical objects by reflecting radio waves or microwaves off target objects and analyzing their reflections.

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Radio astronomy

Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.

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Rashid Sunyaev

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Рәшит Гали улы Сөнәев, Раши́д Али́евич Сюня́ев; born 1 March 1943 in Tashkent, USSR) is a German, Soviet, and Russian astrophysicist of Tatar descent.

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Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Science and technology in Russia

Science and technology in Russia have developed rapidly since the Age of Enlightenment, when Peter the Great founded the Russian Academy of Sciences and Saint Petersburg State University and polymath Mikhail Lomonosov founded the Moscow State University, establishing a strong native tradition in learning and innovation.

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Semion Braude

Semion Yakovlevich Braude (Семен Якович Брауде; 28 January 1911 – 29 June 2003) was a Soviet and Ukrainian physicist and radio astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Semion Braude are Soviet astronomers.

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Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin

Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin (Серге́й Александрович Жевакин) (April 11, 1916 – February 21, 2001) was a Russian astronomer. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin are Soviet astronomers.

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Sergey Belyavsky

Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky (Серге́й Ива́нович Беля́вский; December 7, 1883 (Julian calendar: November 25) – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of 36 numbered minor planets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Sergey Belyavsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Sergey Blazhko

Sergey Nikolayevich Blazhko (Серге́й Никола́евич Блажко́; November 17, 1870, Khotsimsk – February 11, 1956, Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet astronomer, a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1929). List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Sergey Blazhko are Soviet astronomers.

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Sergey Glazenap

Sergey Pavlovich Glazenap (Серге́й Павлович Глазенап; 13(25) September 1848 - 12 April 1937) was a Russian and Soviet astronomer, honorary member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1929), and Hero of Socialist Labor (1932). List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Sergey Glazenap are Russian astronomers.

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SK-42 reference system

The SK-42 reference system also known as the Krasovsky 1940 ellipsoid, is a coordinate system established in the Soviet Union in 1942 as Systema koordinat (Система координат 1942 года), and provides parameters which are linked to the geocentric Cartesian coordinate system PZ-90.

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Solar flare

A solar flare is a relatively intense, localized emission of electromagnetic radiation in the Sun's atmosphere.

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Solomon Pikelner

Solomon Borisovich Pikelner (Соломон Борисович Пикельнер; February 6, 1921 – November 19, 1975) was a Soviet astronomer who made a significant contribution to the theory of the interstellar medium, solar plasma physics, stellar atmospheres, and magnetohydrodynamics. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Solomon Pikelner are Soviet astronomers.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Stellar association

A stellar association is a very loose star cluster, looser than both open clusters and globular clusters.

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Stellar dynamics

Stellar dynamics is the branch of astrophysics which describes in a statistical way the collective motions of stars subject to their mutual gravity. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Stellar dynamics are astrophysics.

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Stellar nucleosynthesis

In astrophysics, stellar nucleosynthesis is the creation of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions within stars. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and stellar nucleosynthesis are astrophysics.

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Stellar rotation

Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis.

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Struve family

The Struve family (pronounced in German, in Russian) were a Baltic German noble family of Eastphalian origin and originated in Magdeburg, the family produced five generations of astronomers from the 18th to 20th centuries. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Struve family are Russian astronomers.

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Struve Geodetic Arc

The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over, which yielded the first accurate measurement of a meridian arc.

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Sukharev Tower

The Sukharev Tower (Сухарева башня) was a Moscow landmark until its destruction by Soviet authorities in 1934.

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Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect

The Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect (named after Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov B. Zeldovich and often abbreviated as the SZ effect) is the spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) through inverse Compton scattering by high-energy electrons in galaxy clusters, in which the low-energy CMB photons receive an average energy boost during collision with the high-energy cluster electrons.

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Tamara Smirnova

Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Тама́ра Миха́йловна Смирно́ва, Тама́ра Миха́йлівна Смирно́ва; December 15, 1935, Henichesk, Soviet Union — September 5, 2001, Saint-Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet/Russian/Ukrainian astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Tamara Smirnova are Soviet astronomers.

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Tashkent

Tashkent, or Toshkent in Uzbek, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan.

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Tateos Agekian

Tateos Artemjevich Agekian (Թադևոս Արտեմի Աղեկյան, Татеос Артемьевич Агекян; 12 May 1913– 16 January 2006) was a Soviet astrophysicist of Armenian descent, and one of the pioneers of Russian and world Stellar dynamics. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Tateos Agekian are Soviet astronomers.

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Teen Age Message

The Teen Age Message (TAM) was a series of interstellar radio transmissions sent from the Yevpatoria Planetary Radar to six solar-type stars during August–September 2001.

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Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory

The Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory (TSHAO, TSAO, or Tien Shan Observatory; obs. code: N42) is an astronomical observatory located in the Tien Shan Mountains at altitude, 30 kilometers south of the city of Almaty in Kazakhstan.

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Time travel

Time travel is the hypothetical activity of traveling into the past or future.

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Ufology

Ufology is the investigation of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) by people who believe that they may be of extraordinary origins (most frequently of extraterrestrial alien visitors).

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Universe

The universe is all of space and time and their contents.

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Uranus

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun.

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Van Allen radiation belt

Van Allen radiation belt is a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind, that are captured by and held around a planet by that planet's magnetosphere.

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Vasily Engelhardt

Vasily Pavlovich von Engelhardt (Василий Павлович Энгельгардт; 17 July 1828 – 6 May 1915) was a Russian astronomer, landowner and public figure.

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Vasily Fesenkov

Vasiliy Grigorievich Fesenkov (Василий Григорьевич Фесенков, 13 January 1889 – 12 March 1972) was a Soviet Russian astrophysicist.

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Viktor Ambartsumian

Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian (Виктор Амазаспович Амбарцумян; Վիկտոր Համազասպի Համբարձումյան, Viktor Hamazaspi Hambardzumyan; 12 August 1996) was a Soviet and Armenian astrophysicist and science administrator. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Viktor Ambartsumian are Soviet astronomers.

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Viktor Knorre

Viktor Karlovich Knorre (Виктор Карлович Кнорре; 4 October 1840 – 25 August 1919) was a Russian astronomer of German ethnic origin.

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Viktor Safronov

Viktor Sergeevich Safronov (Ви́ктор Серге́евич Сафро́нов) (born Velikie Luki; 11 October 1917 in Russia – 18 September 1999 in Moscow, Russia) was a Soviet astronomer who put forward the low-mass-nebula model of planet formation, a consistent picture of how the planets formed from a disk of gas and dust around the Sun. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Viktor Safronov are Soviet astronomers.

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Vitaly Ginzburg

Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg, ForMemRS (Вита́лий Ла́заревич Ги́нзбург; 4 October 1916 – 8 November 2009) was a Russian physicist who was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003, together with Alexei Abrikosov and Anthony Leggett for their "pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids." His career in physics was spent in the former Soviet Union and was one of the leading figure in former Soviet program of nuclear weapons, working towards designs of the thermonuclear devices. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Vitaly Ginzburg are Soviet astronomers.

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Vladimir Albitsky

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Владимир Александрович Альбицкий) (16 June 1891 – 15 June 1952) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Vladimir Albitsky are Soviet astronomers.

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Vladimir Belinski

Vladimir Alekseevich Belinski (last name is also spelled Belinsky, Владимир Алексеевич Белинский; born 26 March 1941) is a Russian and Italian theoretical physicist involved in research in cosmology and general relativity.

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Vladislav Shevchenko

Vladislav Vladimirovich Shevchenko (Владислав Владимирович Шевченко, born 18 June 1940) is a Russian astronomer who specializes in lunar exploration. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Vladislav Shevchenko are Russian astronomers.

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X-ray binary

X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays.

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Yakov Zeldovich

Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich (Я́ков Бори́сович Зельдо́вич, Я́каў Бары́савіч Зяльдо́віч; 8 March 1914 – 2 December 1987), also known as YaB, was a leading Soviet physicist of Belarusian origin, who is known for his prolific contributions in physical cosmology, physics of thermonuclear reactions, combustion, and hydrodynamical phenomena. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Yakov Zeldovich are Soviet astronomers.

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Yarkovsky effect

The Yarkovsky effect is a force acting on a rotating body in space caused by the anisotropic emission of thermal photons, which carry momentum.

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Yevgeny Krinov

Yevgeny Leonidovich Krinov (Евгений Леонидович Кринов) (3 March 1906 – 2 January 1984), D.G.S., was a Soviet Russian astronomer and geologist, born in Otyassy (Отъяссы) village in the Morshansky District of the Tambov Governorate of the Russian Empire. List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists and Yevgeny Krinov are Russian astronomers and Soviet astronomers.

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Yevgeny Perepyolkin

Yevgeny Yakovlevich Perepyolkin (Евге́ний Я́ковлевич Перепёлкин; 4 March 1906 – 13 January 1938) was a Soviet astronomer.

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YORP effect

The Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect, or YORP effect for short, changes the rotation state of a small astronomical body – that is, the body's spin rate and the obliquity of its pole(s) – due to the scattering of solar radiation off its surface and the emission of its own thermal radiation.

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3063 Makhaon

3063 Makhaon is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately in diameter.

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74P/Smirnova–Chernykh

74P/Smirnova–Chernykh is a periodic comet in the Solar System.

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762 Pulcova

762 Pulcova is a main-belt asteroid.

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857 Glasenappia

857 Glasenappia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun.

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951 Gaspra

951 Gaspra is an S-type asteroid that orbits very close to the inner edge of the asteroid belt.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_astronomers_and_astrophysicists

Also known as Astronomers from Russia, Astronomers from the Soviet Union, Astronomers from the USSR, Astronomers of Russia, Astronomers of the Soviet Union, Astronomers of the USSR, Astronomy in Russia, Astronomy in the Soviet Union, Astronomy in the USSR, Astronomy of Russia, Astronomy of the Soviet Union, Astronomy of the USSR, Astrophysicists from Russia, Astrophysicists from the Soviet Union, Astrophysicists from the USSR, Astrophysicists of Russia, Astrophysicists of the Soviet Union, Astrophysicists of the USSR, Astrophysics in Russia, Astrophysics in the Soviet Union, Astrophysics in the USSR, Astrophysics of Russia, Astrophysics of the Soviet Union, Astrophysics of the USSR, Cosmologists from Russia, Cosmologists from the Soviet Union, Cosmologists from the USSR, Cosmologists of Russia, Cosmologists of the Soviet Union, Cosmologists of the USSR, Cosmology in Russia, Cosmology in the Soviet Union, Cosmology in the USSR, Cosmology of the Soviet Union, Cosmology of the USSR, List of Russian astronomers, List of Russian astrophysicists, List of Russian cosmologists, List of Soviet astronomers, List of Soviet astronomers and astrophysicists, List of Soviet astrophysicists, List of Soviet cosmologists, List of astronomers from Russia, List of astronomers from the Soviet Union, List of astronomers from the USSR, List of astronomers of Russia, List of astronomers of the Soviet Union, List of astronomers of the USSR, List of astrophysicists from Russia, List of astrophysicists from the Soviet Union, List of astrophysicists from the USSR, List of astrophysicists of Russia, List of astrophysicists of the Soviet Union, List of astrophysicists of the USSR, List of cosmologists from Russia, List of cosmologists from the Soviet Union, List of cosmologists from the USSR, List of cosmologists of Russia, List of cosmologists of the Soviet Union, List of cosmologists of the USSR, Russian astronomers, Russian astronomical school, Russian astronomy, Russian astrophysical school, Russian astrophysicists, Russian astrophysics, Russian cosmological school, Russian cosmologists, Russian cosmology, Russian school of astronomy, Russian school of astrophysics, Russian school of cosmology, Soviet astronomers, Soviet astronomical school, Soviet astronomy, Soviet astrophysical school, Soviet astrophysicists, Soviet astrophysics, Soviet cosmological school, Soviet cosmologists, Soviet cosmology, Soviet school of astronomy, Soviet school of astrophysics, Soviet school of cosmology.

, Evgeny Lifshitz, Expansion of the universe, Extraterrestrial life, Felix Ziegel, Feodosy Krasovsky, Florensky (crater), Friedmann equations, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, Fyodor Bredikhin, Galactic astronomy, Gamow factor, Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov, General relativity, Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, George Gamow, George Volkoff, Georgij A. Krasinsky, Grigory Neujmin, Grigory Shajn, Igor Belkovich, Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, Iosif Shklovsky, Irkutsk State University, Isaak Khalatnikov, Ivan Yarkovsky, Ivan Yazev, Jacob Bruce, Kardashev scale, Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer, Kirill Florensky, Kronid Lyubarsky, List of astronomers, List of minor planets: 5001–6000, List of Russian inventors, Lyudmila Chernykh, Lyudmila Karachkina, Lyudmila Zhuravleva, Maksutov telescope, Marian Albertovich Kowalski, Markarian's Chain, Matvei Bronstein, Matvey Gusev, Meteor shower, Meteoroid, Mikhail Lomonosov, Mikhail Lyapunov, Milky Way, Moon, Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, Mykolaiv Observatory, Nadezhda Sytinskaya, Naum Idelson, Nebular hypothesis, Neutron star, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev, Nikolai Barabashov, Nikolai Chernykh, Nikolai Kardashev, Nikolai Shakura, Nikolay Moiseyev, Novikov self-consistency principle, Observatory, Optical spectrometer, Otto Struve, Otto Wilhelm von Struve, Pavel Parenago, Planetesimal, Pulkovo Observatory, Quantum tunnelling, Quasar, Radar astronomy, Radio astronomy, Rashid Sunyaev, Russia, Russian Empire, Science and technology in Russia, Semion Braude, Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin, Sergey Belyavsky, Sergey Blazhko, Sergey Glazenap, SK-42 reference system, Solar flare, Solomon Pikelner, Soviet Union, Stellar association, Stellar dynamics, Stellar nucleosynthesis, Stellar rotation, Struve family, Struve Geodetic Arc, Sukharev Tower, Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect, Tamara Smirnova, Tashkent, Tateos Agekian, Teen Age Message, Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory, Time travel, Ufology, Universe, Uranus, Van Allen radiation belt, Vasily Engelhardt, Vasily Fesenkov, Viktor Ambartsumian, Viktor Knorre, Viktor Safronov, Vitaly Ginzburg, Vladimir Albitsky, Vladimir Belinski, Vladislav Shevchenko, X-ray binary, Yakov Zeldovich, Yarkovsky effect, Yevgeny Krinov, Yevgeny Perepyolkin, YORP effect, 3063 Makhaon, 74P/Smirnova–Chernykh, 762 Pulcova, 857 Glasenappia, 951 Gaspra.

List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists, the Glossary

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