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List of royal consorts of Persia, the Glossary

This is a list of royal consorts of rulers that held power over Persia (present-day Iran).^[1]

245 relations: Abaqa Khan, Abbas II of Persia, Abbas the Great, Abbasa bint Sulayman, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, Agha Baji Javanshir, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, Ahmad Beg, Ahmad Shah Qajar, Al-Amin, Al-Hadi, Al-Khayzuran, Al-Ma'mun, Al-Mahdi, Al-Mansur, Al-Mutawakkil, Al-Saffah, Al-Tabari, Al-Walid I, Ala al-Din Tekish, Alexander Balas, Alexander the Great, Ali Qapu, Altun Jan Khatun, Amestris, Amina Aqdas, Anis al-Dawla, Anna Khanum, Antiochus I Soter, Antiochus II Theos, Antiochus III the Great, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Antiochus VII Sidetes, Apadana, Apama, Ardashir I, Arghun, Ariazate, Artaxerxes I, Artaxerxes II, Artaxerxes III, Artystone, Arwa bint Mansur al-Himyari, Aryenis, Astyages, Atika bint Yazid, Atossa, Atossa (daughter of Artaxerxes II), Aynışah Sultan, ... Expand index (195 more) »
Iran history-related lists
Iranian women royalty
Lists of Iranian women
Queens consort of Persia

Abaqa Khan

Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, ᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠᠬᠠᠨ (Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (Ilkhan) of the Ilkhanate.

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Abbas II of Persia

Abbas II (born Soltan Mohammad Mirza; 30 August 1632 – 26 October 1666) was the seventh Shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1642 to 1666.

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Abbas the Great

Abbas I (translit; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629), commonly known as Abbas the Great (translit), was the fifth shah of Safavid Iran from 1588 to 1629.

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Abbasa bint Sulayman

Abbasa bint Sulayman (العباسة بنت سليمان) was an Abbasid princess, daughter of Sulayman ibn Abi Ja'far, niece of Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and wife of caliph Harun al-Rashid.

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Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan

Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ibn al-Hakam (translit; July/August 644 or June/July 647 – 9 October 705) was the fifth Umayyad caliph, ruling from April 685 until his death in October 705.

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Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan (June 2, 1305 – December 1, 1335; ابو سعید بهادر خان), also spelled Abusaid Bahador Khan, Abu Sa'id Behauder (Modern Абу Саид Бахадур хан, Abu sayid Baghatur Khan, in modern Mongolian), was the ninth ruler (c. 1316 – 1335) of the Ilkhanate, a division of the Mongol Empire that encompassed the present day countries of Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Armenia, as well as parts of Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.

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Agha Baji Javanshir

Agha Baji Javanshir (آغابیگمجوانشیر) was an Iranian poet and public speaker, who was the twelfth wife of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, the Qajar shah (king) of Iran.

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Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar

Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (translit; 14 March 1742 – 17 June 1797), also known by his regnal name of Agha Mohammad Shah (آغا محمد شاه), was the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, ruling from 1789 to 1797 as Shah.

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Ahmad Beg

Ahmad Göde or Gövde Ahmad (Gödək Əhməd; احمد گوده; Göde Ahmed), born Sultanzade Ahmed and commonly known as Ahmad Beg or Sultan Ahmad, was a ruler of the Aq Qoyunlu.

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Ahmad Shah Qajar

Ahmad Shah Qajar (احمد شاه قاجار&lrm;; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was the Shah of Persia (Iran) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty.

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Al-Amin

Abu Musa Muhammad ibn Harun al-Rashid (Abū Mūsā Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd; April 787 – 24/25 September 813), better known by his laqab of al-Amin (al-Amīn), was the sixth Arab Abbasid caliph from 809 to 813.

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Al-Hadi

Abū Muḥammad Mūsā ibn al-Mahdī al-Hādī (أبو محمد موسى بن المهدي الهادي; 26 April 764 CE 14 September 786 CE) better known by his laqab al-Hādī (الهادي) was the fourth Arab Abbasid caliph who succeeded his father al-Mahdi and ruled from 169 AH (785 CE) until his death in 170 AH (786 CE).

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Al-Khayzuran

Al-Khayzuran bint Atta (al-ḵayzurān bint ʿaṭāʾ) (died 789) was the wife of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Mahdi and mother of both Caliphs Al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid.

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Al-Ma'mun

Abu al-Abbas Abd Allah ibn Harun al-Rashid (Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Hārūn ar-Rashīd; 14 September 786 – 9 August 833), better known by his regnal name al-Ma'mun (al-Maʾmūn), was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833.

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Al-Mahdi

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Manṣūr (أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله المنصور; 744 or 745 – 785), better known by his regnal name al-Mahdī (المهدي, "He who is guided by God"), was the third Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 775 to his death in 785.

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Al-Mansur

Abū Jaʿfar ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Manṣūr (أبو جعفر عبد الله بن محمد المنصور&lrm;; 95 AH – 158 AH/714 CE – 6 October 775 CE) usually known simply as by his laqab al-Manṣūr (المنصور) was the second Abbasid caliph, reigning from 136 AH to 158 AH (754 CE – 775 CE) succeeding his brother al-Saffah.

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Al-Mutawakkil

Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Harun (translit); March 82211 December 861, commonly known by his regnal name al-Mutawwakil ala Allah (lit), was the tenth Abbasid caliph, ruling from 847 until his assassination in 861.

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Al-Saffah

Abu al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿal-ʿAbbās (translit&lrm;; 721/722 – 8 June 754), known by his laqab al-Saffah (translit), was the first caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, one of the longest and most important caliphates in Islamic history.

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Al-Tabari

Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī (أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد بْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد ٱلطَّبَرِيّ; 839–923 CE / 224–310 AH), commonly known as al-Ṭabarī (ٱلطَّبَرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslim scholar, polymath, traditionalist, historian, exegete, jurist, and theologian from Amol, Tabaristan, present-day Iran.

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Al-Walid I

Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; – 23 February 715), commonly known as al-Walid I (الوليد الأول), was the sixth Umayyad caliph, ruling from October 705 until his death in 715.

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Ala al-Din Tekish

Ala al-Din Tekish (Persian: علاء الدين تكش; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul Muzaffar Tekish ibn Il-Arslan) or Tekesh or Takesh was the Shah of Khwarazmian Empire from 1172 to 1200.

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Alexander Balas

Alexander I Theopator Euergetes, surnamed Balas (Alexandros Balas), was the ruler of the Seleucid Empire from 150 BC to August 145 BC.

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Alexander the Great

Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.

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Ali Qapu

Ali Qapu (عالی‌قاپو, ‘Ālī Qāpū) is an imperial palace in Isfahan, Iran.

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Altun Jan Khatun

Altun Jan Khatun or Altuncan Khatun (died December 1060) was the principal consort of Sultan Tughril, the founder of the Seljuk Empire, ruling from 1037 to 1063.

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Amestris

Amestris (Άμηστρις, Amēstris, perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, Amāstris, from Old Persian Amāstrī-, "strong woman") was an Achaemenid queen, wife of king Xerxes I and mother of king Artaxerxes I. She was poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians.

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Amina Aqdas

Amina Aqdas (Persian: امینه اقدس) (died 1893) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Anis al-Dawla

Anis al-Dawla and Aziz al-Soltan Anis al-Dawla (Persian: انیس‌الدوله) (died 1896) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Anna Khanum

Anna Khanum (died 9 September 1647; آنا خانم) was the consort of the Safavid king Safi (r. 1629–1642).

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Antiochus I Soter

Antiochus I Soter (Ἀντίοχος Σωτήρ, Antíochos Sōtér; "Antiochus the Savior"; 2 June 261 BC) was a Macedonian king of the Seleucid Empire.

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Antiochus II Theos

Antiochus II Theos (Ἀντίοχος Θεός,; 286 – July 246 BC) was a Greek king of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire who reigned from 261 to 246 BC.

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Antiochus III the Great

Antiochus III the Great (Ἀντίοχος ὁ Μέγας; 3 July 187 BC) was a Greek Hellenistic king and the 6th ruler of the Seleucid Empire, reigning from 223 to 187 BC.

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Antiochus IV Epiphanes

Antiochus IV Epiphanes (– November/December 164 BC) was a Greek Hellenistic king who ruled the Seleucid Empire from 175 BC until his death in 164 BC.

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Antiochus VII Sidetes

Antiochus VII Euergetes (Ἀντίοχος Ευεργέτης; c. 164/160 BC129 BC), nicknamed Sidetes (Σιδήτης) (from Side, a city in Asia Minor), also known as Antiochus the Pious, was ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire from July/August 138 to 129 BC.

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Apadana

Apadana (𐎠𐎱𐎭𐎠𐎴, or) is a large hypostyle hall in Persepolis, Iran.

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Apama

Apama (Apáma), sometimes known as Apama I or Apame I, was a Sogdian noblewoman and the wife of the first ruler of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucus I Nicator.

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Ardashir I

Ardashir I (𐭠𐭥𐭲𐭧𐭱𐭲𐭥; transl), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Persian Sasanian Empire.

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Arghun

Arghun Khan (Mongolian Cyrillic: Аргун; Traditional Mongolian:; c. 1258 – 10 March 1291) was the fourth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate, from 1284 to 1291.

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Ariazate

Ariazate (also spelled Aryzate or Aryazate, meaning "Child of an Iranian"), also known as Automa, was a Parthian queen consort as the wife of the Parthian monarch Gotarzes I.

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Artaxerxes I

Artaxerxes I (𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠; Ἀρταξέρξης) was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC.

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Artaxerxes II

Arses (Ἄρσης; 445 – 359/8 BC), known by his regnal name Artaxerxes II (𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂; Ἀρταξέρξης), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 405/4 BC to 358 BC.

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Artaxerxes III

Ochus (Ὦχος), known by his dynastic name Artaxerxes III (𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠; Ἀρταξέρξης), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 359/58 to 338 BC.

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Artystone

Artystone (*R̥tastūnā; Ἀρτυστώνη; Elamite) also known as Irtašduna in the Fortification tablets, was a Achaemenid princess, daughter of king Cyrus the Great, and sister of Cambyses II, Atossa and Smerdis.

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Arwa bint Mansur al-Himyari

Arwā bint Manṣūr al-Ḥimyarī (أروى بنت منصور الحميرى) also known as Umm Mūsā (امموسى) was the famous principal wife of Abbasid caliph al-Mansur (r. 754–775) and mother of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi.

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Aryenis

Aryenis (translit; Aryenis) was, according to Herodotus, the daughter of King Alyattes of Lydia and the sister of King Croesus of Lydia.

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Astyages

Astyages was the last king of the Median kingdom, reigning from 585 to 550 BCE.

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Atika bint Yazid

Atika bint Yazid (translit) was an Umayyad princess.

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Atossa

Atossa (Old Persian: Utauθa, or Old Iranian: Hutauθa; 550–475 BC) was an Achaemenid empress.

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Atossa (daughter of Artaxerxes II)

Atossa (in Old Persian: *Utauθa; in Avestan: Hutaosā) was an Achaemenid princess, daughter and wife of the Persian king Artaxerxes II.

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Aynışah Sultan

Hatice Aynışah Sultan (عینی شاہ سلطان, "respectful lady" and "Truth of the Şah", Amasya, 1463 – Bursa, 1514) was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Bayezid II (reign 1481–1512) and half-sister of Sultan Selim I (reign 1512–1520) of the Ottoman Empire.

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Ögedei Khan

Ögedei Khan (also Ögedei Khagan or Ogodei; – 11 December 1241) was the second ruler of the Mongol Empire.

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İslâm Ansiklopedisi

The (İA) is a Turkish academic encyclopedia for Islamic studies published by.

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Badr al-Molouk

Badr al-Molouk (بدرالملوک), was the first wife of Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty.

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Baghdad Khatun

Baghdad Khatun (بغداد خاتون; died 16 December 1335) (lit. Queen Baghdad), was a Chobanid princess, the daughter of Chupan.

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Bahram II

Bahram II (also spelled Wahram II or Warahran II; 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭) was the fifth Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran, from 274 to 293.

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Banbishn

Bānbishn was a Middle Persian title meaning "queen", and was held by royal women in Sasanian Iran who were the king's daughters and sisters, and also by the consorts of the Sasanian princes that ruled parts of the country as governors.

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Börte

Börte, also known as Börte Üjin (Mongolian:; Cyrillic: Бөртэ үжин; c. 1161–1230), was the first wife of Temüjin, who became Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire.

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Behruzeh Khanum

Behruzeh Khanum (بهروزه خانم; 16th-century) was a consort of shah Ismail I of Persia (r. 1501–1524).

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Berenice Syra

Berenice (translit) (275 BC–246 BC), also called Berenice Phernophorus ("Dowry Bearer") or Berenice Syra, was an Egyptian princess, and a Seleucid queen regent.

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Boran

Boran (also spelled Buran, Middle Persian) was Sasanian queen (banbishn) of Iran from 630 to 632, with an interruption of some months.

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Broadway Books

Broadway Books, an imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a Division of Random House, Inc., released its first list in Fall, 1996.

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Buluqhan Khatun

Buluqhan Khatun, also Bulughan, Bulukhan, Bolgana, Bulugan, Zibeline or Bolghara for Marco Polo, was a 13th-century Mongol princess, and the principal wife of the Mongol Ilkhanid ruler Abaqa (1234–1282).

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Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl

Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (بوران بنت الحسن بن سهل; 6 December 807 – 21 September 884) also known as Khadija bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (خديجة بنت الحسن بن سهل), was one of the wives of the Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun.

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Cambridge

Cambridge is a city and non-metropolitan district in the county of Cambridgeshire, England.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Cambyses I

Cambyses I (𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 Kambūjiya) was king of Anshan from c. 580 to 559 BC and the father of Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II), younger son of Cyrus I, and brother of Arukku.

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Cambyses II

Cambyses II (translit) was the second King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 530 to 522 BC.

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Cassandane

Cassandane or Cassandana (died 538 BC) was an Achaemenian queen and the wife of king Cyrus the Great.

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Cleopatra Thea

Cleopatra I or Cleopatra Thea (Κλεοπάτρα Θεά, which means "Cleopatra the Goddess"; c. 164 – 121 BC), surnamed Eueteria (εὐετηρῐ́ᾱ) was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.

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Cyrus the Great

Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.

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Damaspia

Damaspia (from Old Persian *Jāmāspi- or *ðāmāspyā-) was an Achaemenid queen, wife of the king Artaxerxes I and mother of Xerxes II, his legitimate heir.

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Darius II

Darius II (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος), also known by his given name Ochus (Greek: Ὦχος), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 423 BC to 405 or 404 BC.

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Darius III

Darius III (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; c. 380 – 330 BC) was the last Achaemenid King of Kings of Persia, reigning from 336 BC to his death in 330 BC.

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Darius the Great

Darius I (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; – 486 BCE), commonly known as Darius the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the third King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 522 BCE until his death in 486 BCE.

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Demetrius I Soter

Demetrius I (Δημήτριος Α`, 185 – June 150 BC), surnamed Soter (Σωτήρ), reigned as king (basileus) of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire from November 162 to June 150 BC.

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Demetrius II Nicator

Demetrius II (Δημήτριος Β`, Dēmḗtrios B; died 125 BC), called Nicator (Νικάτωρ, Nikátōr, "Victor"), was one of the sons of Demetrius I Soter.

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Denag

Denag (fl. 459), was a Sasanian queen (banbishn).

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Denag (sister of Ardashir I)

Denag (Middle Persian: Dēnag) was a 3rd-century Sasanian queen (banbishn), who was the wife (and sister) of the Sasanian king (shah) Ardashir I.

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Despina Khatun

Theodora Megale Komnene (Θεοδώρα Μεγάλη Κομνηνή), also known as Despina Khatun (دسپینا خاتون; from the Greek title despoina and Turco-Mongol title khatun, both meaning "lady"), was the daughter of John IV of Trebizond and Bagrationi who married the Aq Qoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan in 1458. List of royal consorts of Persia and Despina Khatun are queens consort of Persia.

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Dilshad Khatun

Dilshad Khatun (دلشاد خاتون; died 27 December 1351) (lit. Queen Dilshad) (meaning 'Happy Hearted'), also Delshad, was a Chobanid princess.

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Doquz Khatun

Doquz Khatun (also spelled Dokuz Khatun) (d. 1265) was a 13th-century princess of the Keraites who was married to Hulagu Khan, founder of the Ilkhanate.

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Encyclopædia Iranica

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.

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Esmat Dowlatshahi

Esmat Dowlatshahi (عصمت‌الملوک دولتشاهی; 1905 – 25 July 1995) was an Iranian royal and the fourth and last wife of Reza Shah.

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Eurydice II of Macedon

Eurydice (Greek: Εὐρυδίκη Eurydikē; 337–317 BC), often referred to as Adea Eurydice, was the Queen consort of Macedon, wife of Philip III and daughter of Amyntas IV and Cynane.

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Fakhitah bint Abi Hisham

Fakhitah bint Abi Hashim (فاختة بنت هاشم, death 690s) also known as Umm Hashim (أمهاشم) or Umm Khalid (أمخالد) was the wife of second Umayyad caliph Yazid I. Fakhita was the first and probably the only woman in the Umayyad history who had relation through marriage with both ruling house of Umayyad Caliphate; the Sufyanid house and Marwanid house, through her second marriage to fourth Umayyad caliph Marwan I.

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Fakhr al-Dawla

Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Hasan (ابوالحسن علی بن حسن), better known by his laqab of Fakhr al-Dawla ('فخر الدولة, "Pride of the Dynasty") (died October or November 997) was the Buyid amir of Jibal (976–980, 984–997), Hamadan (984–997) and Gurgan and Tabaristan (984–997).

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Farah Pahlavi

Farah Pahlavi (فرح پهلوی, née Diba (دیبا); born 14 October 1938) is the widow of the last Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and was successively Queen and Empress (شهبانو, Shahbanu) of Iran from 1959 to 1979. List of royal consorts of Persia and Farah Pahlavi are queens consort of Persia.

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Farida (singer)

Faridah al-Saghir (فريدة الصغير, born c. 830) also simply known as Faridah (فريدة) was an Abbasid qayna (enslaved singing-girl), who performed in the court of Abbasid caliph al-Wathiq (r. 842–847) and al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861).

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Fatemeh Sultan Baghbanbashi

Fatemeh Sultan Baghbanbashi (Persian: فاطمه سلطان باغبانباشی) (19th-century) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Fath-Ali Shah Qajar

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (Fatḥ-ʻAli Šâh Qâjâr; May 1769 – 24 October 1834) was the second Shah (king) of Qajar Iran.

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Fatima bint Abd al-Malik

Fatima bint Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (translit) was an Umayyad princess, daughter of Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan and a wife of Caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.

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Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi

Fāṭimah bint Muḥammad al-Taymī (فاطمة بنت محمد التيمي) was the third influential wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur.

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Fawzia of Egypt

Fawzia of Egypt (5 November 1921 – 2 July 2013), also known as Fawzia Pahlavi or Fawzia Chirine, was an Egyptian princess who became Queen of Iran as the first wife of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran.

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Galin Khanom

Galin Khanom (Persian: گلین خانم) (19th century) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Gawhar Shad

Gawhar Shad (گوهرشاد|Gawaršād; meaning "joyful jewel" or "shining jewel"; alternative spelling: Gohar Shād; died 19 July 1457) was the chief consort of Shah Rukh, the emperor of the Timurid Empire.

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Güyük Khan

Güyük Khan (also Güyük Khagan, Güyük or Güyug; 19 March 1206 – 20 April 1248) was the third Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan.

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Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire.

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Ghazan

Mahmud Ghazan (5 November 1271 – 11 May 1304) (Ghazan Khan, sometimes archaically spelled as Casanus by Westerners) was the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division in modern-day Iran from 1295 to 1304.

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Golbadan Baji

Golbadan Baji (گلبدن‌باجی) or Gulbadan Khanum (گلبدن خانم), also known by her title Khazen ol-Dowleh (خازن‌الدوله) was a concubine and later wife of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1797–1834).

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Golestan Palace

The Golestan Palace (کاخ گلستان, Kākh-e Golestān), also transliterated as the Gulistan Palace and sometimes translated as the Rose Garden Palace from Persian language, was built in the 16th century, renovated in the 18th century and finally rebuilt in 1865.

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Gordiya

Gordiya (also spelled Gurdiya and Kurdiyah) was an influential Iranian noblewoman from the House of Mihran, who was first the sister-wife of the distinguished military leader Bahram Chobin, then the wife of the Ispahbudhan dynast Vistahm, and ultimately the wife of the last prominent Sasanian emperor, Khosrow II.

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Gotarzes I

Gotarzes I (𐭂𐭅𐭕𐭓𐭆 Gōdarz) was king of the Parthian Empire from 91 BC to 87 or 80 BC.

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Harun al-Rashid

Abu Ja'far Harun ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi (Abū Ja'far Hārūn ibn Muḥammad al-Mahdī), or simply Harun ibn al-Mahdi (or 766 – 24 March 809), famously known as Harun al-Rashid (Hārūn ar-Rashīd), was the fifth Abbasid caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, reigning from September 786 until his death in March 809.

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Hasan Buzurg

Shaikh Hasan, also known as "Hasan Buzurg" ("Hasan The Great"), Hassan the Jalair or Hassan-e Uljatâï was the first of several de facto independent Jalayirid rulers of Iraq and central Iran.

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Hasht Behesht

Hasht Behesht or Hasht-Behesht (هشت‌بهشت, also as Hašt-Behešt) is a 17th-century pavilion in Isfahan, Iran.

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Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (translit; 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743.

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Hormizd II

Hormizd II (also spelled Hormozd or Ohrmazd; 𐭠𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭬𐭦𐭣) was king (shah) of the Sasanian Empire.

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Hulegu Khan

Hulegu Khan, also known as Hülegü or Hulaguᠬᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦ|lit.

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Ibaqa Beki

Ibaqa Beki was a Kerait princess and Mongol khatun active in the early 13th century.

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Ifra Hormizd

Ifra Hormizd (Modern ایفرا هرمز) or Faraya Ohrmazd (Modern فرایه هرمز) was a Sassanid noblewoman, spouse of Hormizd II and mother of Shapur II.

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Il-Arslan

Il-Arslan ("The Lion") (full name: Taj ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Il-Arslan ibn Atsiz, Persian: تاج الدین ابوالفتح ایل ارسلان بن اتسز) (died March 1172) was the Shah of Khwarezm from 1156 until 1172.

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Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

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Iranian National Jewels

The Iranian National Jewels (جواهرات ملی ایران, Javāherāt-e Melli-ye Irān), originally the Iranian Crown Jewels (جواهرات سلطنتی ایران, Javāherāt-e Saltanati-ye Irān), include elaborate crowns, thirty tiaras, and numerous aigrettes, a dozen bejeweled swords and shields, a number of unset precious gems, numerous plates and other dining services cast in precious metals and encrusted with gems, and several other more unusual items (such as a large golden globe with the oceans made of emeralds) collected or worn by the Persian monarchs from the 16th century (Safavid Iran) and on.

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Ismail I

Ismail I (translit; 14 July 1487 – 23 May 1524) was the founder and first shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1501 until his death in 1524.

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Jeyran (wife of Naser al-Din Shah)

Jeyran (born Khadijeh Khanum Tajrishi (خدیجه خانمتجریشی), c. 1831–1860) was one of the beloved wives and first mistress of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1848–1896).

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Kavad I

Kavad I (𐭪𐭥𐭠𐭲; 473 – 13 September 531) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 488 to 531, with a two or three-year interruption.

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Kavad II

Kavad II (Kawād) was the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran briefly in 628.

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Kököchin

Kököchin, also Kökejin, Kūkājīn, Cocacin or Cozotine (Mongolian), was a 13th-century princess of the Mongol-led Chinese Yuan dynasty, belonging to the Mongol Bayaut tribe.

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Khayr al-Nisa Begum

Khayr al-Nisa Begum (خیرالنساء بیگم; known under the royal title Mahd-i Ulya (مهد علیا), "the highest-ranked cradle"; died 26 July 1579) was an Iranian Mazandarani princess from the Marashi dynasty, who was the wife of the Safavid shah (king) Mohammad Khodabanda (r. 1578–1587) and mother of Abbas I.

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Khazen al-Dawlah

Khazen al-Dawlah (Persian: خازن‌الدوله) (19th-century) was a consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran, (r. 1848–1896).

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Khosrow II

Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; Husrō and Khosrau), commonly known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: خسرو پرویز, "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king (shah) of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year.

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Khulan Khatun

Khulan (Ppp;; –) was an empress consort of Genghis Khan and head of the second Court of Genghis Khan.

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Khwarranzem

Khwarranzem (Middle Persian: Xwarranzēm) was a 3rd-century Sasanian queen (banbishn), married to Ardashir I or to Shapur I.

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Laodice I

Laodice I (Λαοδίκη; flourished 3rd century BC, died before 236 BC) was a Greek noblewoman of Anatolia who was a close relative of the early Seleucid dynasty and was the first wife of the Seleucid Greek King Antiochus II Theos.

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Laodice II

Laodice II (Laodíkē; lived in the 3rd century BC), was the wife of Seleucus II Callinicus.

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Laodice III

Laodice III (Greek: Λαοδίκη, Laodikē) also known as Laodika, was a princess of Pontus and a Seleucid queen.

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Laodice IV

Laodice IV (flourished second half 3rd century BC and first half 2nd century BC) was a Greek princess, head priestess and a queen of the Seleucid Empire.

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Laodice of Commagene

Laodice (also spelled Laodike; Greek: Λαοδίκη; died 38 BC) was a princess from the Kingdom of Commagene and a queen of the Parthian Empire by marriage to Orodes II.

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Laodice V

Laodice V (Greek: Λαοδίκη; flourished 2nd century BC, died 150 BC) was a Seleucid princess.

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List of ancient Persians

The following is a list of ancient Persians.

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List of monarchs of Persia

This article lists the monarchs of Iran (Persia) from the establishment of the Medes around 678 BC until the deposition of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. List of royal consorts of Persia and list of monarchs of Persia are Iran history-related lists.

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Lubabah bint Ja'far

Lubābah bint Jaʿfar (لبابة بنت جعفر) was an Abbasid princess, granddaughter of second Abbasid caliph al-Mansur, niece of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and the principal wife of fourth Abbasid caliph al-Hadi.

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Lubana bint Ali ibn al-Mahdi

Lubāna bint ʿAlī ibn al-Mahdī (لبانة بنت علي بن المهدي) was an Abbasid princess, Arabic poet and the principal wife of caliph al-Amin.

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Malek Jahan Khanom

Malek Jahan Khanom (ملک جهان خانم; 26 February 1805 – 2 April 1873) was the wife of Mohammad Shah Qajar of Persia and the mother of Naser al-Din Shah.

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Malekeh Jahan

Malekeh-Jahan (ملکه جهان; 18751947) was the queen consort of her cousin Mohammad Ali Shah of Persia, and the mother of Ahmad Shah Qajar.

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Malik-Shah I

Malik-Shah I (ملک شاه) was the third sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092, under whom the sultanate reached the zenith of its power and influence.

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Mandane (Greek: Μανδάνη, Mandánē) was a Median princess and, later, the queen consort of the Persian king Cambyses I and the mother of Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire.

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Maria (daughter of Maurice)

Maria (Greek: Μαρία) or Maryam was, according to the 12th-century chronicle of Michael the Syrian, a daughter of the Byzantine emperor Maurice, and wife of the Sassanid Persian shah Khosrau II.

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Marwan I

Marwan ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As ibn Umayya (translit; 623 or 626April/May 685), commonly known as MarwanI, was the fourth Umayyad caliph, ruling for less than a year in 684–685.

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Maryam Khanom

Maryam Khanom Bani Isra'il (مریمخانمیهودی) was the royal consort of shah Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789–1797) and then the thirty-ninth royal consort (slave concubine) of Agha Mohammad's nephew and successor Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834).

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Maysun bint Bahdal

Maysun bint Bahdal was a wife of caliph Mu'awiya I, and as mother of his successor and son Yazid I.

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Möge Khatun

Möge Khatun (died 1242), was a princess of the Bakrin tribe and concubine of Genghis Khan.

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Medes

The Medes (Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐎭; Akkadian: 13px, 13px; Ancient Greek: Μῆδοι; Latin: Medi) were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day Hamadan).

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Mithridates I of Parthia

Mithridates I (also spelled Mithradates I or Mihrdad I; 𐭌𐭄𐭓𐭃𐭕 Mihrdāt), also known as Mithridates I the Great, was king of the Parthian Empire from 165 BC to 132 BC.

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Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar

Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar (محمدعلی شاه قاجار&lrm;; 21 June 1872 – 5 April 1925) was the sixth shah of the Qajar dynasty and remained the Shah of Iran from 8 January 1907 until being deposed on 16 July 1909.

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Mohammad Khodabanda

Mohammad Khodabanda (also spelled Khodabandeh; شاه محمد خدابنده, born 1532; died 1595 or 1596), was the fourth Safavid shah of Iran from 1578 until his overthrow in 1587 by his son Abbas I. Khodabanda had succeeded his brother, Ismail II.

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Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Mohammed Reza Pahlavi (26 October 1919 – 27 July 1980), commonly referred to in the Western world as Mohammad Reza Shah, or just simply The Shah, was the last monarch of Iran.

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Mohammad Shah Qajar

Mohammad Shah (born Mohammad Mirza; 5 January 1808 – 5 September 1848) was the third Qajar shah of Iran from 1834 to 1848, inheriting the throne from his grandfather, Fath-Ali Shah.

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Monarchism in Iran

Iranian monarchism is the advocacy of restoring the monarchy in Iran, which was abolished after the 1979 Revolution.

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Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar

Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (Mozaffar ad-Din Ŝāh-e Qājār; 25 March 1853 – 3 January 1907), was the fifth Qajar shah (king) of Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907.

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Mu'awiya I

Mu'awiya I (Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death.

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Munir al-Saltaneh

Munir al-Saltaneh (Persian: منیرالسلطنه) (19th-century) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Murrod

Murrod or Myrod (Middle Persian: Murrōd, New Persian: مورود) was a 3rd-century Sasanian queen (banbishn), the wife of the Sasanian king (shah) Ardashir I and mother of Sasanian king Shapur I.

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Musa of Parthia

Musa (also spelled Mousa), also known as Thea Musa, was a ruling queen of the Parthian Empire from 2 BC to 4 AD.

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Nader Shah

Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; 6 August 1698 – 20 June 1747) was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Iran and one of the most powerful rulers in Iranian history, ruling as shah of Iran (Persia) from 1736 to 1747, when he was assassinated during a rebellion.

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Nakihat Khanum

Nakihat Khanum (نکهت خانم) was the first consort of the Safavid king (shah) Abbas II (1642–1666).

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Name of Iran

In the Western world, Persia (or one of its cognates) was historically the common name used for Iran.

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Narseh

Narseh (also spelled Narses or Narseus; 𐭭𐭥𐭮𐭧𐭩) was the seventh Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 293 to 303.

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Naser al-Din Shah Qajar

Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (Nāser-ad-Din Ŝāh-e Qājār; 17 July 1831 – 1 May 1896) was the fourth Shah of Qajar Iran from 5 September 1848 to 1 May 1896 when he was assassinated.

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Niavaran Complex

The Niavaran Palace Complex (مجموعه کاخ نیاوران – Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān) is a historical palace complex situated in Shemiran (northern Tehran), Iran.

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Oghul Qaimish

Oghul Qaimish (–1251) was the wife of Güyük Khan and the nominal regent of the Mongol Empire between Güyük's death in 1248 and the accession of Möngke Khan in 1251.

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Orodes II

Orodes II (also spelled Urud II; 𐭅𐭓𐭅𐭃 Wērōd), was King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from 57 BC to 37 BC.

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Pahlavi dynasty

The Pahlavi dynasty (دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty that ruled for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979.

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Palace of Ardashir

The Palace of Ardashir Pāpakan (in کاخ اردشير پاپکان, Kākh-e Ardashir-e Pāpakān), also known as the Atash-kadeh آتشکده, is a castle located on the slopes of the mountain on which Dezh Dokhtar is situated.

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Palace of Darius in Susa

The Palace of Darius in Susa was a palace complex that was built at the site of Susa, Iran, during the reign of Darius I over the Achaemenid Empire.

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Parmys

Parmys (Old Persian: (H)uparviyā, Elamite: Uparmiya) was a Persian princess, the only daughter of Bardiya (Smerdis), son of Cyrus the Great.

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Parysatis

Parysatis (Parušyātiš, Παρύσατις; 5th-century BC) was a Persian queen, consort of Darius II and had a large influence during the reign of Artaxerxes II.

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Parysatis II

Parysatis, the youngest daughter of Artaxerxes III of Persia, married Alexander the Great in 324 BC at the Susa weddings.

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Phaedymia

Phaedymia (or Phaedyme, Phædima; Φαιδύμη) was the daughter of Otanes, a Persian noble a highly influential noble at the Achaemenid court.

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Philip III of Macedon

Philip III Arrhidaeus (Phílippos Arrhidaîos; BC – 317 BC) was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 323 until his execution in 317 BC.

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Phraates IV

Phraates IV (also spelled Frahad IV; 𐭐𐭓𐭇𐭕 Frahāt) was King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from 37 to 2 BC.

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Princess Marta of Kakheti

Marta (მართა) was a Georgian princess royal of the Bagrationi dynasty, and a wife of the Safavid Iranian king (shah) Abbas I (r. 1588–1629).

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Rayta bint al-Saffah

Rayṭa bint al-Saffāḥ (ريطة بنت السفاح) was an Abbasid princess, daughter of first Abbasid caliph al-Saffah, niece of second Abbasid caliph al-Mansur and the first wife of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi.

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Razia Begum Safavi

Razia Begum Safavi (راضیه بیگمصفوی) (1700–1776) was a Safavid princess and the royal consort of shah Nader Shah of Persia (r. 1736–1747).

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Reza Shah

Reza Shah Pahlavi (15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was an Iranian military officer and the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty.

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Rhodogune of Parthia

Rhodogune (Ῥοδογούνη; 2nd century BCE) was a queen of the Seleucid Empire by marriage to Demetrius II Nicator.

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Rinnu

Rinnu (2nd century BC) was a queen consort of the Parthian Empire by marriage to Mithridates I of Parthia (r. 171–132 BC).

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Roxana

Roxana (dead 310 BC, Ῥωξάνη; Old Iranian: *Raṷxšnā- "shining, radiant, brilliant") sometimes known as Roxanne, Roxanna and Roxane was a Sogdian or a Bactrian princess whom Alexander the Great married after defeating Darius, ruler of the Achaemenid Empire, and invading Persia.

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Sa'dabad Complex

The Sa'dabad Complex (translit) is a 80 hectare complex built by the Qajar and Pahlavi monarchs, located in Shemiran, Greater Tehran, Iran.

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Safi of Persia

Sam Mirza (ساممیرزا) (161112 May 1642), known by his dynastic name of Shah Safi (شاه صفی), was the sixth shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1629 to 1642.

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Sambice

Sambice (Σαμβίκη) was a late 5th-century Iranian noblewoman from the Sasanian dynasty, who was the sister-wife of king (shah) Kavad I and mother of his first son, Kawus.

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Saray Mulk Khanum

Saray Mulk Khanum (1341 – 1408) was the empress consort of the Timurid Empire as the chief consort of Timur, also known as Tamerlane the Great, the founder of the Timurid Empire as well as the Timurid dynasty.

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Sasanian dynasty

The Sasanian dynasty (also known as the Sassanids or the House of Sasan) was the house that founded the Sasanian Empire of Iran, ruling this empire from 224 to 651 AD.

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Sayyida Shirin

Sayyida Shirin (سیده شیرین; died 1028), also simply known as Sayyida (سیدا), was a Bavandid princess, who was the wife of the Buyid amir (ruler) Fakhr al-Dawla.

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Seleucus I Nicator

Seleucus I Nicator (Σέλευκος Νικάτωρ) was a Macedonian Greek general, officer and successor of Alexander the Great who went on to found the eponymous Seleucid Empire, led by the Seleucid dynasty.

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Seleucus II Callinicus

Seleucus II Callinicus Pogon (Σέλευκος Β΄ ὁ Καλλίνικος ὁ Πώγων; Kallinikos means "beautifully triumphant"; Pogon means "the Beard"; July/August 265 BC – December 225 BC), was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, who reigned from 246 BC to 225 BC.

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Seleucus IV Philopator

Seleucus IV Philopator (Greek: Σέλευκος Φιλοπάτωρ; c. 218 – 3 September 175 BC), ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, reigned from 187 BC to 175 BC over a realm consisting of Syria (now including Cilicia and Judea), Mesopotamia, Babylonia and Nearer Iran (Media and Persia).

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Shah Rukh

Shah Rukh or Shahrukh Mirza (شاهرخ, Šāhrokh; 20 August 1377 – 13 March 1447) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire between 1405 and 1447.

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Shahbanu

Shahbanu (Šahbānū) was the title for empress regnant or empress consort in Persian and other Iranian languages. List of royal consorts of Persia and Shahbanu are queens consort of Persia.

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Shapur I

Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Šābuhr) was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran.

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Shapur III

Shapur III (𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩), was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 383 to 388.

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Shapurdukhtak

Shapurdukhtak (Middle Persian: Šābuhrduxtag, literally "daughter of Shapur") was a 3rd-century Sasanian queen (banbishn).

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Shapurdukhtak of Sakastan

Shapurdukhtak (Middle Persian: Šābuhrduxtag, literally "daughter of Shapur"), also known as Shapurdukhtak II, was a Sasanian queen (banbishn) in the late 3rd and early 4th-centuries, who was the wife of the Sasanian king (shah) Narseh.

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Shirin

Shirin (شیرین; died 628) was wife of the Sasanian emperor Khosrow II.

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Shokouh al-Saltaneh

Shokouh al-Saltaneh (Persian: شکوه‌السلطنه) (19th-century) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Shushandukht

Shushandukht (Daughter of Susa; Šušanduxt) was the Jewish wife of Yazdegerd I, the Sasanian emperor from 399-420, and mother of Bahram V, his successor.

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Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary

Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary (Sorayâ Esfandiâri-Baxtiâri; 22 June 1932 – 25 October 2001) was Queen of Iran as the second wife of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, whom she married in 1951.

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Sorghaghtani Beki

Sorghaghtani Beki (ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠬᠢ.) or Bekhi (Bek(h)i is a title), also written Sorkaktani, Sorkhokhtani, Sorkhogtani, Siyurkuktiti (– 1 March 1252), posthumous name Empress Xianyi Zhuangsheng, was a Keraite princess and daughter-in-law of Genghis Khan.

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Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great)

Stateira (Στάτειρα; died 323 BC), possibly also known as Homa, was the daughter of Stateira and Darius III of Persia.

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Stateira (wife of Artaxerxes II)

Stateira (Στάτειρα; died about 400 BC) was an Achaemenid queen, consort of the Persian king Artaxerxes II and mother of his successor, Artaxerxes III.

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Stateira (wife of Darius III)

Stateira (Στάτειρα; 370 BC – early 332 BC) was a queen of Persia as the wife of Darius III of Persia of the Achaemenid dynasty.

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Stephanus of Byzantium

Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Stephanus Byzantinus; Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; centuryAD) was a Byzantine grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά).

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Strabo

StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.

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Stratonice of Syria

Stratonice or Stratonica of Syria (Στρατoνίκη, c. 320 BC – 254 BC) was Queen of the Seleucid Empire from 300 BC until 294 BC and from 281 BC until 261 BC.

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Sultan-Agha Khanum

Sultan-Agha Khanum (translit) also in Western sources Corasi was a Safavid queen consort of Kumyk origin, as the second wife of Safavid king Tahmasp I (r. 1524–1576).

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Sultanum Begum

Sultanum Begum (سلطانمبیگم; (1516 – 1593), also known as Kadam Ali Soltan Khanum, was the first wife and chief consort of the second Safavid king Tahmasp I. She was the mother of her husband's successor, Ismail II, and the mother of Mohammad Khodabanda, who reigned from 1578 until his overthrow in 1587.

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Tachara

The Tachara, or the Tachar Château, also referred to as the Palace of Darius the Great, was the exclusive building of Darius I at Persepolis, Iran.

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Tadj ol-Molouk

Tâdj ol-Molouk (تاج‌الملوک; 17 March 1896 – 10 March 1982) was Queen of Iran as the second wife of Reza Shah, founder of the Pahlavi dynasty and Shah of Iran between 1925 and 1941.

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Tahmasp I

Tahmasp I (translit or تهماسب یکم; 22 February 1514 – 14 May 1576) was the second shah of Safavid Iran from 1524 until his death in 1576.

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Taj al-Dawlah

Taj al-Dawlah (Persian: تاج‌الدوله) (19th-century) was a royal consort of shah Naser al-Din Shah Qajar of Persia (r. 1848–1896).

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Taj ol-Dowleh

Taj ol-Dowleh (تاج‌الدوله, died 1881) was the forty-second wife of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar and a poet.

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Taj ol-Molouk

Taj al-Mulouk Khanoum Umm al-Khakan (Persian: تاج‌الملوک خانمام‌الخاقان) (died November 1, 1909) was the royal consort of shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (r. 1896–1907).

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Tajlu Khanum

Tajlu Khanum (تاجلو خانم) or Tajli Begum (تاجلی بیگم), also known by her title of Shah-Begi Khanum (شاه بگی خانم), was a Turkoman princess from the Mawsillu tribe and mother of Tahmasp I.

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Tamar Amilakhori

Tamar Amilakhori (თამარ ამილახორი) was a 17th-century Georgian noblewoman from the Amilakhori family and a favourite concubine of Safavid king Abbas I of Persia (r. 1588–1629).

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Taq Kasra

Tāq Kasrā (translit), also transcribed as Taq-i Kisra or Taq-e Kesra (طاق کسری, romanized: tâğe kasrâ) or Ayvān-e Kesrā (translit, meaning Iwan of Khosrow) are the remains of a Sasanian-era Persian monument, dated to c. the 3rd to 6th centuries, which is sometimes called the Arch of Ctesiphon.

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Töregene Khatun

Töregene Khatun (also Turakina) (d. 1246) was the Great Khatun and regent of the Mongol Empire from the death of her husband Ögedei Khan in 1241 until the election of her eldest son Güyük Khan in 1246.

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Terken Khatun (wife of Ala al-Din Tekish)

Terken Khatun (ترکان خاتون) was the Empress of the Khwarazmian Empire by marriage to Shah Ala al-Din Tekish, and the mother and de facto co-ruler of Muhammad II of the Khwarazmian Empire.

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Terken Khatun (wife of Il-Arslan)

Terken Khatun was the Empress of the Khwarazmian Empire as the wife of Shah Il-Arslan, and the mother of Tekish and Sultan-Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire.

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Terken Khatun (wife of Malik-Shah I)

Celâliye Terken Khatun (also Turkan Khatun or Tarkhan Khatun; 1053 – September–October 1094) was the first wife and chief consort of Malik Shah I, Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072, until his death in 1092.

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Timur

Timur, also known as Tamerlane (8 April 133617–18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeated commander, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest military leaders and tacticians in history, as well as one of the most brutal and deadly.

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Tolui

Tolui (–1232) was the youngest son of Genghis Khan and Börte.

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Tughril I

Abu Talib Muhammad Tughril ibn Mika'il (ابوطالبْ محمد طغرل بن میکائیل), better known as Tughril (طغرل / طغریل; also spelled Toghril / Tughrul), was a Turkoman"The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire.

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Turan Amirsoleimani

Turan Amirsoleimani (توران امیرسلیمانی, born Qamar ol-Molouk Amirsoleimani, (قمرالملوک امیرسلیمانی); 4 February 1905 – 24 July 1994) was an Iranian royal and the third wife of Reza Shah, with whom she had a son named Gholam Reza Pahlavi.

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Uljay Qutlugh Khatun

Uljay Qutlugh Khatun (الجای قتلق خاتون; born 14 March 1297) (lit. "Queen Uljay Qutlugh), also Öljei Qutlugh, Oljai Kutlugh or Uljaki, was a Mongol princess, and empress consort of the Ilkhanate as the principal wife of Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan.

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Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz

Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan (translit; February 720) was the eighth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 717 until his death in 720.

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Umm al-Banin bint Abd al-Aziz

Umm al-Banin bint Abd al-Aziz (أمالبنين بنت عبد العزيز) was an Umayyad princess, principal wife of the Umayyad caliph al-Walid I and sister of eight Umayyad caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.

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Umm Hakim bint Yahya

Umm Hakim bint Yahya (أمحكيمبنت يحيى) was an 8th-century Umayyad noblewoman and famous principal wife of the tenth Umayyad caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.

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Umm Isa bint Musa al-Hadi

Umm ʿĪsā bint Mūsā al-Hādī (أمعيسى بنت موسى الهادي) was an Abbasid dynasty princess, daughter of caliph al-Hadi, niece of caliph Harun al-Rashid and principal wife of al-Ma'mun, the seventh caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate.

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Umm Muhammad bint Salih

Umm Muḥammad bint Ṣāliḥ (أممحمد بنت صالح) was an Abbasid princess, niece of third Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and wife of caliph Harun al-Rashid.

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Umm Salama bint Ya'qub al-Makhzumi

Umm Salama bint Yaʿqūb al-Makhzūmī (أمسلمة بنت يعقوب المخزومي) was the principal wife of first Abbasid caliph al-Saffah, the founder of Abbasid dynasty.

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University of Chicago Press

The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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Uzun Hasan

Uzun Hasan or Uzun Hassan (اوزون حسن; اوزون حسن; where uzun means "tall" in Oghuz Turkic; 1423 – January 6, 1478) was a ruler of the Turkoman Aq Qoyunlu state and is generally considered to be its strongest ruler.

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Wiley (publisher)

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.

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Wives of Genghis Khan

There were many wives and concubines of Genghis Khan.

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Xerxes I

Xerxes I (– August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC.

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Yakhan Begum

Yakhan Begum (یاکهان بیگم) was a Karkiya princess, who was the daughter of the last Karkiya ruler Khan Ahmad Khan (r. 1538–1592), and the Safavid princess Maryam Begum.

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Yasmine Pahlavi

Yasmine Pahlavi (یاسمین پهلوی, née Etemad-Amini, Persian:; born 26 July 1968), is the wife of Reza Pahlavi, the former crown prince of the Imperial State of Iran.

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Yazdan-Friy Shapur

Yazdan-Friy Shapur or Yazdan-Friy-Shabuhr (Middle Persian: yazdān-friy-šābuhr, New Persian: یزدان‌فرای شاپور) was a 4th-century Sasanian queen (banbishn) and the wife of the Sasanian king (shah) Shapur III.

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Yazdegerd I

Yazdegerd I (also spelled Yazdgerd and Yazdgird; 𐭩𐭦𐭣𐭪𐭥𐭲𐭩) was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 399 to 420.

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Yazdegerd II

Yazdegerd II (also spelled Yazdgerd and Yazdgird; 𐭩𐭦𐭣𐭪𐭥𐭲𐭩), was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 438 to 457.

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Yazid I

Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan (translit; 11 November 683), commonly known as Yazid I, was the second caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from April 680 until his death in November 683.

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Yesugen

Yesugen was one of the wives of Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire.

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Zubaidah bint Ja'far

Zubaidah bint Ja`far ibn al-Mansur (died 26 Jumada I 216 AH / 10 July 831 CE) was the best known of the Abbasid princesses, and the wife and double cousin of Harun al-Rashid.

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Zubayda Khatun

Zubayda Khatun (10561099) was a granddaughter of Dawud Chaghri Beg, wife and cousin of Malik-Shah I. She was the mother of sultan Berkyaruq.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_royal_consorts_of_Persia

Also known as Banbishn of Persia, Bānbishn of Iran, Consort of the Emperor of Iran, Consort of the Emperor of Persia, Consort of the King of Iran, Consort of the King of Persia, Consort of the Shah of Iran, Consort of the Shah of Persia, Empress consort of Iran, Empress consort of Persia, Empress of Iran, Empress of Persia, Great Queen of Iran, Iranian Empress, Iranian queen, Iranian shahbanu, List of Iranian consorts, List of Iranian empresses, List of Iranian queens, List of Iranian royal consorts, List of Iranian shahbanus, List of Persian Queens, List of Persian Shahbanus, List of Persian consorts, List of Persian empresses, List of Persian royal consorts, List of Queens of Iran, List of Shahbanus of Iran, List of Shahbanus of Persia, List of empresses of Iran, List of empresses of Persia, List of queens of Persia, List of royal consorts of Iran, Persian Empress, Persian Queen, Persian Queens, Persian Shahbanu, Queen consort of Iran, Queen consort of Persia, Queen of Iran, Queen of Persia, Queen of Queens of Iran, Queen of Queens of Persia, Queens of Iran, Queens of Persia, Queens of Persian Empire, Royal consorts of Iran, Royal consorts of Persia, Shahbanu of Iran, Shahbanu of Persia.

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List of royal consorts of Persia, the Glossary

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