Magnetism, the Glossary
Magnetism is the class of physical attributes that occur through a magnetic field, which allows objects to attract or repel each other.[1]
Table of Contents
199 relations: Academic Press, Al-Ashraf Umar II, Albert Einstein, Alexander Neckam, Alloy, Aluminium, Amber, Amorphous magnet, Ampère's force law, Ampere-turn, Ancient Greek, André-Marie Ampère, Antiferromagnetism, Aristotle, Astronomy, Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world, Atom, Atomic orbital, Big Bang, Biomagnetism, Biot–Savart law, Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem, Brownian motion, Carbon, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Centimetre–gram–second system of units, Central force, Centripetal force, Chemical bond, Chiton, Chromium, Classical Heisenberg model, Classical physics, Cobalt, Coercivity, Copper, Cosmic inflation, Coulomb's law, Cross product, Curie temperature, De Magnete, Diamagnetism, Dipole, Dream Pool Essays, Earth's magnetic field, Electric charge, Electric current, Electric generator, Electric motor, Electricity, ... Expand index (149 more) »
Academic Press
Academic Press (AP) is an academic book publisher founded in 1941.
See Magnetism and Academic Press
Al-Ashraf Umar II
Al‐Malik Al‐Ashraf (Mumahhid Al‐Din) Umar Ibn Yūsuf Ibn Umar Ibn Alī Ibn Rasul, known as Umar Ibn Yusuf (1296) was the third Rasulid sultan, who ruled as Al-Ashraf Umar II.
See Magnetism and Al-Ashraf Umar II
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been called "the world's most famous equation".
See Magnetism and Albert Einstein
Alexander Neckam
Alexander Neckam (8 September 115731 March 1217) was an English poet, theologian, and writer.
See Magnetism and Alexander Neckam
Alloy
An alloy is a mixture of chemical elements of which in most cases at least one is a metallic element, although it is also sometimes used for mixtures of elements; herein only metallic alloys are described.
Aluminium
Aluminium (Aluminum in North American English) is a chemical element; it has symbol Al and atomic number 13.
Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin.
Amorphous magnet
In physics, amorphous magnet refers to a magnet made from amorphous solids.
See Magnetism and Amorphous magnet
Ampère's force law
In magnetostatics, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires (see first figure below) is often called Ampère's force law.
See Magnetism and Ampère's force law
Ampere-turn
The ampere-turn (symbol A⋅t) is the MKS (metre–kilogram–second) unit of magnetomotive force (MMF), represented by a direct current of one ampere flowing in a single-turn loop.
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Magnetism and Ancient Greek
André-Marie Ampère
André-Marie Ampère (20 January 177510 June 1836) was a French physicist and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism, which he referred to as "electrodynamics".
See Magnetism and André-Marie Ampère
Antiferromagnetism
In materials that exhibit antiferromagnetism, the magnetic moments of atoms or molecules, usually related to the spins of electrons, align in a regular pattern with neighboring spins (on different sublattices) pointing in opposite directions.
See Magnetism and Antiferromagnetism
Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.
Astronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos.
Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world
Medieval Islamic astronomy comprises the astronomical developments made in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (9th–13th centuries), and mostly written in the Arabic language.
See Magnetism and Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world
Atom
Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements.
Atomic orbital
In quantum mechanics, an atomic orbital is a function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom.
See Magnetism and Atomic orbital
Big Bang
The Big Bang is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature.
Biomagnetism
Biomagnetism is the phenomenon of magnetic fields produced by living organisms; it is a subset of bioelectromagnetism.
See Magnetism and Biomagnetism
Biot–Savart law
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the Biot–Savart law is an equation describing the magnetic field generated by a constant electric current.
See Magnetism and Biot–Savart law
Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem
The Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem states that when statistical mechanics and classical mechanics are applied consistently, the thermal average of the magnetization is always zero.
See Magnetism and Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem
Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the random motion of particles suspended in a medium (a liquid or a gas).
See Magnetism and Brownian motion
Carbon
Carbon is a chemical element; it has symbol C and atomic number 6.
Carl Friedrich Gauss
Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (Gauß; Carolus Fridericus Gauss; 30 April 177723 February 1855) was a German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist, and physicist who contributed to many fields in mathematics and science.
See Magnetism and Carl Friedrich Gauss
Centimetre–gram–second system of units
The centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS or cgs) is a variant of the metric system based on the centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time.
See Magnetism and Centimetre–gram–second system of units
Central force
In classical mechanics, a central force on an object is a force that is directed towards or away from a point called center of force.
See Magnetism and Central force
Centripetal force
A centripetal force (from Latin centrum, "center" and petere, "to seek") is a force that makes a body follow a curved path.
See Magnetism and Centripetal force
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is the association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures.
See Magnetism and Chemical bond
Chiton
Chitons are marine molluscs of varying size in the class Polyplacophora, formerly known as Amphineura.
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
Classical Heisenberg model
The Classical Heisenberg model, developed by Werner Heisenberg, is the n.
See Magnetism and Classical Heisenberg model
Classical physics
Classical physics is a group of physics theories that predate modern, more complete, or more widely applicable theories.
See Magnetism and Classical physics
Cobalt
Cobalt is a chemical element; it has symbol Co and atomic number 27.
Coercivity
Coercivity, also called the magnetic coercivity, coercive field or coercive force, is a measure of the ability of a ferromagnetic material to withstand an external magnetic field without becoming demagnetized.
Copper
Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
Cosmic inflation
In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe.
See Magnetism and Cosmic inflation
Coulomb's law
Coulomb's inverse-square law, or simply Coulomb's law, is an experimental law of physics that calculates the amount of force between two electrically charged particles at rest.
See Magnetism and Coulomb's law
Cross product
In mathematics, the cross product or vector product (occasionally directed area product, to emphasize its geometric significance) is a binary operation on two vectors in a three-dimensional oriented Euclidean vector space (named here E), and is denoted by the symbol \times.
See Magnetism and Cross product
Curie temperature
In physics and materials science, the Curie temperature (TC), or Curie point, is the temperature above which certain materials lose their permanent magnetic properties, which can (in most cases) be replaced by induced magnetism.
See Magnetism and Curie temperature
De Magnete
De Magnete, Magneticisque Corporibus, et de Magno Magnete Tellure (On the Magnet and Magnetic Bodies, and on That Great Magnet the Earth) is a scientific work published in 1600 by the English physician and scientist William Gilbert.
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism is the property of materials that are repelled by a magnetic field; an applied magnetic field creates an induced magnetic field in them in the opposite direction, causing a repulsive force.
See Magnetism and Diamagnetism
Dipole
In physics, a dipole is an electromagnetic phenomenon which occurs in two ways.
Dream Pool Essays
The Dream Pool Essays (or Dream Torrent Essays) was an extensive book written by the Chinese polymath and statesman Shen Kuo (1031–1095), published in 1088 during the Song dynasty (960–1279) of China.
See Magnetism and Dream Pool Essays
Earth's magnetic field
Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun.
See Magnetism and Earth's magnetic field
Electric charge
Electric charge (symbol q, sometimes Q) is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
See Magnetism and Electric charge
Electric current
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.
See Magnetism and Electric current
Electric generator
In electricity generation, a generator is a device that converts motion-based power (potential and kinetic energy) or fuel-based power (chemical energy) into electric power for use in an external circuit.
See Magnetism and Electric generator
Electric motor
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
See Magnetism and Electric motor
Electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge.
Electromagnet
An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current.
See Magnetism and Electromagnet
Electromagnetism
In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge via electromagnetic fields.
See Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Electron
The electron (or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge.
Electron configuration
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.
See Magnetism and Electron configuration
Electron shell
In chemistry and atomic physics, an electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom's nucleus.
See Magnetism and Electron shell
Electroweak interaction
In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the four known fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction.
See Magnetism and Electroweak interaction
Elementary particle
In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle that is not composed of other particles.
See Magnetism and Elementary particle
Energy
Energy is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light.
Euclidean vector
In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector or simply a vector (sometimes called a geometric vector or spatial vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction.
See Magnetism and Euclidean vector
Exchange interaction
In chemistry and physics, the exchange interaction is a quantum mechanical constraint on the states of indistinguishable particles.
See Magnetism and Exchange interaction
Félix Savart
Félix Savart (30 June 1791, Mézières – 16 March 1841, Paris) was a French physicist and mathematician who is primarily known for the Biot–Savart law of electromagnetism, which he discovered together with his colleague Jean-Baptiste Biot.
See Magnetism and Félix Savart
Ferrimagnetism
A ferrimagnetic material is a material that has populations of atoms with opposing magnetic moments, as in antiferromagnetism, but these moments are unequal in magnitude, so a spontaneous magnetization remains.
See Magnetism and Ferrimagnetism
Ferrite (magnet)
A ferrite is one of a family of iron oxide-containing magnetic ceramic materials.
See Magnetism and Ferrite (magnet)
Ferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet.
See Magnetism and Ferromagnetism
Freezing
Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.
Fritz London
Fritz Wolfgang London (March 7, 1900 – March 30, 1954) was a German born physicist and professor at Duke University.
See Magnetism and Fritz London
Gauge theory
In physics, a gauge theory is a type of field theory in which the Lagrangian, and hence the dynamics of the system itself, do not change under local transformations according to certain smooth families of operations (Lie groups).
See Magnetism and Gauge theory
Gauss (unit)
The gauss (symbol:, sometimes Gs), is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction, also known as magnetic flux density.
See Magnetism and Gauss (unit)
Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world
Medieval Islamic geography and cartography refer to the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century).
See Magnetism and Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world
Geometrical frustration
In condensed matter physics, the term geometrical frustration (or in short: frustration) refers to a phenomenon where atoms tend to stick to non-trivial positions or where, on a regular crystal lattice, conflicting inter-atomic forces (each one favoring rather simple, but different structures) lead to quite complex structures.
See Magnetism and Geometrical frustration
Giambattista della Porta
Giambattista della Porta (1535 – 4 February 1615), also known as Giovanni Battista Della Porta, was an Italian scholar, polymath and playwright who lived in Naples at the time of the Renaissance, Scientific Revolution and Counter-Reformation.
See Magnetism and Giambattista della Porta
Globe
A globe is a spherical model of Earth, of some other celestial body, or of the celestial sphere.
Grand Unified Theory
Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is any model in particle physics that merges the electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces (the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model) into a single force at high energies.
See Magnetism and Grand Unified Theory
Gravitoelectromagnetism
Gravitoelectromagnetism, abbreviated GEM, refers to a set of formal analogies between the equations for electromagnetism and relativistic gravitation; specifically: between Maxwell's field equations and an approximation, valid under certain conditions, to the Einstein field equations for general relativity.
See Magnetism and Gravitoelectromagnetism
Guiguzi
Guiguzi (鬼谷子), also called Baihece, is a collection of ancient Chinese texts compiled between the late Warring States period and the end of the Han dynasty.
Hans Christian Ørsted
Hans Christian Ørsted (often rendered Oersted in English; 14 August 17779 March 1851) was a Danish physicist and chemist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields, which was the first connection found between electricity and magnetism.
See Magnetism and Hans Christian Ørsted
Hard disk drive
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic storage with one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic material.
See Magnetism and Hard disk drive
Heuristic
A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution.
History of India
Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the Indian subcontinent between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago.
See Magnetism and History of India
History of science and technology in China
Ancient Chinese scientists and engineers made significant scientific innovations, findings and technological advances across various scientific disciplines including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, military technology, mathematics, geology and astronomy.
See Magnetism and History of science and technology in China
Index finger
The index finger (also referred to as forefinger, first finger, second finger, pointer finger, trigger finger, digitus secundus, digitus II, and many other terms) is the second digit of a human hand.
See Magnetism and Index finger
Inertial frame of reference
In classical physics and special relativity, an inertial frame of reference (also called inertial space, or Galilean reference frame) is a stationary or uniformly moving frame of reference.
See Magnetism and Inertial frame of reference
Iron
Iron is a chemical element.
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish physicist with broad interests who was responsible for the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon.
See Magnetism and James Clerk Maxwell
Jean-Baptiste Biot
Jean-Baptiste Biot (21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.
See Magnetism and Jean-Baptiste Biot
Kinetic theory of gases
The kinetic theory of gases is a simple classical model of the thermodynamic behavior of gases.
See Magnetism and Kinetic theory of gases
Lüshi Chunqiu
The Lüshi Chunqiu, also known in English as Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, is an encyclopedic Chinese classic text compiled around 239BC under the patronage of late pre-imperial Qin Chancellor Lü Buwei.
See Magnetism and Lüshi Chunqiu
Length contraction
Length contraction is the phenomenon that a moving object's length is measured to be shorter than its proper length, which is the length as measured in the object's own rest frame.
See Magnetism and Length contraction
Lenz's law
Lenz's law states that the direction of the electric current induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes changes in the initial magnetic field.
Leonardo Garzoni
Leonardo Garzoni (Venice, Italy, 1543 – Venice, Italy, 10 March 1592) was a Jesuit natural philosopher.
See Magnetism and Leonardo Garzoni
List of textbooks in electromagnetism
The study of electromagnetism in higher education, as a fundamental part of both physics and electrical engineering, is typically accompanied by textbooks devoted to the subject.
See Magnetism and List of textbooks in electromagnetism
Lodestone
Lodestones are naturally magnetized pieces of the mineral magnetite.
Lorentz force
In physics, specifically in electromagnetism, the Lorentz force law is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields.
See Magnetism and Lorentz force
Loudspeaker
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound.
Louis Néel
Louis Eugène Félix Néel (22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000) was a French physicist born in Lyon who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his studies of the magnetic properties of solids.
Lunheng
The Lunheng, also known by numerous English translations, is a wide-ranging Chinese classic text by Wang Chong (27 –). First published in 80, it contains critical essays on natural science and Chinese mythology, philosophy, and literature.
Magnesia (regional unit)
Magnesia (Μαγνησία, Magnisía,, Ancient Greek: Magnēsía, deriving from the tribe name Magnetes) is one of the regional units of Greece.
See Magnetism and Magnesia (regional unit)
Magnesia ad Sipylum
Magnesia Sipylum (Mαγνησία ἡ πρὸς Σιπύλῳ or Mαγνησία ἡ ἐπὶ Σιπύλου; modern Manisa, Turkey) was a city of Lydia, situated about 65 km northeast of Smyrna (now İzmir) on the river Hermus (now Gediz) at the foot of Mount Sipylus.
See Magnetism and Magnesia ad Sipylum
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element; it has symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
Magnet
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field.
Magnetar
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field (~109 to 1011 T, ~1013 to 1015 G).
Magnetic bearing
A magnetic bearing is a type of bearing that supports a load using magnetic levitation.
See Magnetism and Magnetic bearing
Magnetic circuit
A magnetic circuit is made up of one or more closed loop paths containing a magnetic flux.
See Magnetism and Magnetic circuit
Magnetic core
A magnetic core is a piece of magnetic material with a high magnetic permeability used to confine and guide magnetic fields in electrical, electromechanical and magnetic devices such as electromagnets, transformers, electric motors, generators, inductors, loudspeakers, magnetic recording heads, and magnetic assemblies.
See Magnetism and Magnetic core
Magnetic dipole
In electromagnetism, a magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current or a pair of poles as the size of the source is reduced to zero while keeping the magnetic moment constant.
See Magnetism and Magnetic dipole
Magnetic domain
A magnetic domain is a region within a magnetic material in which the magnetization is in a uniform direction.
See Magnetism and Magnetic domain
Magnetic field
A magnetic field (sometimes called B-field) is a physical field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
See Magnetism and Magnetic field
Magnetic field viewing film
Magnetic field viewing film is used to show stationary or (less often) slowly changing magnetic fields; it shows their location and direction.
See Magnetism and Magnetic field viewing film
Magnetic flux
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.
See Magnetism and Magnetic flux
Magnetic force microscope
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a variety of atomic force microscopy, in which a sharp magnetized tip scans a magnetic sample; the tip-sample magnetic interactions are detected and used to reconstruct the magnetic structure of the sample surface.
See Magnetism and Magnetic force microscope
Magnetic hysteresis
Magnetic hysteresis occurs when an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnet such as iron and the atomic dipoles align themselves with it.
See Magnetism and Magnetic hysteresis
Magnetic moment
In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is the combination of strength and orientation of a magnet or other object or system that exerts a magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Magnetic moment
Magnetic monopole
In particle physics, a magnetic monopole is a hypothetical elementary particle that is an isolated magnet with only one magnetic pole (a north pole without a south pole or vice versa).
See Magnetism and Magnetic monopole
Magnetic refrigeration
Magnetic refrigeration is a cooling technology based on the magnetocaloric effect.
See Magnetism and Magnetic refrigeration
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes inside the body.
See Magnetism and Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic separation
Magnetic separation is the process of separating components of mixtures by using a magnet to attract magnetic substances.
See Magnetism and Magnetic separation
Magnetic stirrer
A magnetic stirrer or magnetic mixer is a laboratory device that employs a rotating magnetic field to cause a stir bar (or flea) immersed in a liquid to spin very quickly, thus stirring it.
See Magnetism and Magnetic stirrer
Magnetic structure
The term magnetic structure of a material pertains to the ordered arrangement of magnetic spins, typically within an ordered crystallographic lattice.
See Magnetism and Magnetic structure
Magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula.
Magnetization
In classical electromagnetism, magnetization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material.
See Magnetism and Magnetization
Magnetobiology
Magnetobiology is the study of biological effects of mainly weak static and low-frequency magnetic fields, which do not cause heating of tissues.
See Magnetism and Magnetobiology
Magnetoreception
Magnetoreception is a sense which allows an organism to detect the Earth's magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Magnetoreception
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element; it has symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
Maxwell (unit)
The maxwell (symbol: Mx) is the CGS (centimetre–gram–second) unit of magnetic flux.
See Magnetism and Maxwell (unit)
Maxwell's equations
Maxwell's equations, or Maxwell–Heaviside equations, are a set of coupled partial differential equations that, together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits.
See Magnetism and Maxwell's equations
Metamagnetism is a sudden (often, dramatic) increase in the magnetization of a material with a small change in an externally applied magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Metamagnetism
Michael Faraday
Michael Faraday (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.
See Magnetism and Michael Faraday
Micromagnetics
Micromagnetics is a field of physics dealing with the prediction of magnetic behaviors at sub-micrometer length scales.
See Magnetism and Micromagnetics
Middle finger
The middle finger, long finger, second finger, third finger, toll finger or tall man is the third digit of the human hand, located between the index finger and the ring finger.
See Magnetism and Middle finger
Miletus
Miletus (Mī́lētos; 𒈪𒅋𒆷𒉿𒀭𒁕 Mīllawānda or 𒈪𒆷𒉿𒋫 Milawata (exonyms); Mīlētus; Milet) was an ancient Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia, near the mouth of the Maeander River in ancient Ionia.
Moiré pattern
In mathematics, physics, and art, moiré patterns or moiré fringes are large-scale interference patterns that can be produced when a partially opaque ruled pattern with transparent gaps is overlaid on another similar pattern.
See Magnetism and Moiré pattern
Molecular orbital
In chemistry, a molecular orbital is a mathematical function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule.
See Magnetism and Molecular orbital
Molecule-based magnets
Molecule-based magnets (MBMs) or molecular magnets are a class of materials capable of displaying ferromagnetism and other more complex magnetic phenomena.
See Magnetism and Molecule-based magnets
Molybdenum diselenide
Molybdenum diselenide is an inorganic compound of molybdenum and selenium.
See Magnetism and Molybdenum diselenide
Motion
In physics, motion is when an object changes its position with respect to a reference point in a given time.
Neodymium magnet
A Nickel-plated neodymium magnet on a bracket from a hard disk drive Nickel-plated neodymium magnet cubes Left: high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image of Nd2Fe14B; right: crystal structure with unit cell marked A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron to form the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure.
See Magnetism and Neodymium magnet
Newton (unit)
The newton (symbol: N) is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI).
See Magnetism and Newton (unit)
Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
North magnetic pole
The north magnetic pole, also known as the magnetic north pole, is a point on the surface of Earth's Northern Hemisphere at which the planet's magnetic field points vertically downward (in other words, if a magnetic compass needle is allowed to rotate in three dimensions, it will point straight down).
See Magnetism and North magnetic pole
North Pole
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole, Terrestrial North Pole or 90th Parallel North, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface.
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are perturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency characteristic of the magnetic field at the nucleus.
See Magnetism and Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oersted
The oersted (symbol Oe) is the coherent derived unit of the auxiliary magnetic field '''H''' in the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS).
Optics
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.
Organism
An organism is defined in a medical dictionary as any living thing that functions as an individual.
Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element; it has symbol O and atomic number 8.
Paramagnetism
Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby some materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Paramagnetism
Paul Dirac
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984) was an English mathematical and theoretical physicist who is considered to be one of the founders of quantum mechanics.
Pauli exclusion principle
In quantum mechanics, the Pauli exclusion principle states that two or more identical particles with half-integer spins (i.e. fermions) cannot simultaneously occupy the same quantum state within a system that obeys the laws of quantum mechanics.
See Magnetism and Pauli exclusion principle
Permeability (electromagnetism)
In electromagnetism, permeability is the measure of magnetization produced in a material in response to an applied magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Permeability (electromagnetism)
Perpendicular
In geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if their intersection forms right angles (angles that are 90 degrees or π/2 radians wide) at the point of intersection called a foot.
See Magnetism and Perpendicular
Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt
Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt (Latin), Pierre Pelerin de Maricourt (French), or Peter Peregrinus of Maricourt (fl. 1269), was a French mathematician, physicist, and writer who conducted experiments on magnetism and wrote the first extant treatise describing the properties of magnets.
See Magnetism and Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt
Physics in the medieval Islamic world
The natural sciences saw various advancements during the Golden Age of Islam (from roughly the mid 8th to the mid 13th centuries), adding a number of innovations to the Transmission of the Classics (such as Aristotle, Ptolemy, Euclid, Neoplatonism).
See Magnetism and Physics in the medieval Islamic world
Plastic magnet
A plastic magnet is a non-metallic magnet made from an organic polymer.
See Magnetism and Plastic magnet
Polaris
Polaris is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Minor.
Quantum electrodynamics
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics.
See Magnetism and Quantum electrodynamics
Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.
See Magnetism and Quantum mechanics
Rare-earth element
The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths or, in context, rare-earth oxides, and sometimes the lanthanides (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals.
See Magnetism and Rare-earth element
Rare-earth magnet
A rare-earth magnet is a strong permanent magnet made from alloys of rare-earth elements.
See Magnetism and Rare-earth magnet
Relay
A relay Electromechanical relay schematic showing a control coil, four pairs of normally open and one pair of normally closed contacts An automotive-style miniature relay with the dust cover taken off A relay is an electrically operated switch.
Remanence
Remanence or remanent magnetization or residual magnetism is the magnetization left behind in a ferromagnetic material (such as iron) after an external magnetic field is removed.
Right-hand rule
In mathematics and physics, the right-hand rule is a convention and a mnemonic, utilized to define the orientation of axes in three-dimensional space and to determine the direction of the cross product of two vectors, as well as to establish the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
See Magnetism and Right-hand rule
Saturation (magnetic)
Seen in some magnetic materials, saturation is the state reached when an increase in applied external magnetic field H cannot increase the magnetization of the material further, so the total magnetic flux density B more or less levels off.
See Magnetism and Saturation (magnetic)
Shen Kuo
Shen Kuo (1031–1095) or Shen Gua, courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁),Yao (2003), 544.
Single-molecule magnet
A single-molecule magnet (SMM) is a metal-organic compound that has superparamagnetic behavior below a certain blocking temperature at the molecular scale.
See Magnetism and Single-molecule magnet
Singlet state
In quantum mechanics, a singlet state usually refers to a system in which all electrons are paired.
See Magnetism and Singlet state
Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Na (from Neo-Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
Soliton
In mathematics and physics, a soliton is a nonlinear, self-reinforcing, localized wave packet that is strongly stable, in that it preserves its shape while propagating freely, at constant velocity, and recovers it even after collisions with other such localized wave packets.
South Pole
The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipodally on the opposite side of Earth from the North Pole, at a distance of 20,004 km (12,430 miles) in all directions.
Spacetime
In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum.
Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time.
See Magnetism and Special relativity
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to). According to the special theory of relativity, is the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy (and thus any signal carrying information) can travel through space.
See Magnetism and Speed of light
Spin (physics)
Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, and thus by composite particles such as hadrons, atomic nuclei, and atoms.
See Magnetism and Spin (physics)
Spin canting
Some antiferromagnetic materials exhibit a non-zero magnetic moment at a temperature near absolute zero.
See Magnetism and Spin canting
Spin ice
A spin ice is a magnetic substance that does not have a single minimal-energy state.
Spin wave
In condensed matter physics, a spin wave is a propagating disturbance in the ordering of a magnetic material.
Spontaneous magnetization
Spontaneous magnetization is the appearance of an ordered spin state (magnetization) at zero applied magnetic field in a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material below a critical point called the Curie temperature or.
See Magnetism and Spontaneous magnetization
Standard Model
The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions – excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.
See Magnetism and Standard Model
Sushruta Samhita
The Sushruta Samhita (lit) is an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and one of the most important such treatises on this subject to survive from the ancient world.
See Magnetism and Sushruta Samhita
Switched-mode power supply
A switched-mode power supply (SMPS), also called switching-mode power supply, switch-mode power supply, switched power supply, or simply switcher, is an electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently.
See Magnetism and Switched-mode power supply
Symmetry
Symmetry in everyday life refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance.
Terrella
A terrella (little earth) is a small magnetised model ball representing the Earth, that is thought to have been invented by the English physician William Gilbert while investigating magnetism, and further developed 300 years later by the Norwegian scientist and explorer Kristian Birkeland, while investigating the aurora.
Tesla (unit)
The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (also called magnetic B-field strength) in the International System of Units (SI).
See Magnetism and Tesla (unit)
Thales of Miletus
Thales of Miletus (Θαλῆς) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus in Ionia, Asia Minor.
See Magnetism and Thales of Miletus
Theoretical physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain, and predict natural phenomena.
See Magnetism and Theoretical physics
Thumb
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger.
Time dilation
Time dilation is the difference in elapsed time as measured by two clocks, either because of a relative velocity between them (special relativity), or a difference in gravitational potential between their locations (general relativity).
See Magnetism and Time dilation
Triplet state
In quantum mechanics, a triplet state, or spin triplet, is the quantum state of an object such as an electron, atom, or molecule, having a quantum spin S.
See Magnetism and Triplet state
True north
True north (also called geodetic north or geographic north) is the direction along Earth's surface towards the place where the imaginary rotational axis of the Earth intersects the surface of the Earth.
Tungsten disulfide
Tungsten disulfide is an inorganic chemical compound composed of tungsten and sulfur with the chemical formula WS2.
See Magnetism and Tungsten disulfide
Unit of measurement
A unit of measurement, or unit of measure, is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity.
See Magnetism and Unit of measurement
Vacuum permeability
The vacuum magnetic permeability (variously vacuum permeability, permeability of free space, permeability of vacuum, magnetic constant) is the magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum.
See Magnetism and Vacuum permeability
Velocity
Velocity is the speed in combination with the direction of motion of an object.
Vibrating-sample magnetometer
A vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) (also referred to as a Foner magnetometer) is a scientific instrument that measures magnetic properties based on Faraday’s Law of Induction.
See Magnetism and Vibrating-sample magnetometer
Walter Heitler
Walter Heinrich Heitler FRS MRIA; 2 January 1904 – 15 November 1981) was a German physicist who made contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. He brought chemistry under quantum mechanics through his theory of valence bonding.
See Magnetism and Walter Heitler
Weber electrodynamics
Weber electrodynamics is a theory of electromagnetism that preceded Maxwell electrodynamics and was replaced by it by the end of the 19th century.
See Magnetism and Weber electrodynamics
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.
See Magnetism and Wiley (publisher)
Wilhelm Eduard Weber
Wilhelm Eduard Weber (24 October 1804 – 23 June 1891) was a German physicist and, together with Carl Friedrich Gauss, inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph.
See Magnetism and Wilhelm Eduard Weber
William Gilbert (physicist)
William Gilbert (24 May 1544? – 30 November 1603), also known as Gilberd, was an English physician, physicist and natural philosopher.
See Magnetism and William Gilbert (physicist)
Work (physics)
In science, work is the energy transferred to or from an object via the application of force along a displacement.
See Magnetism and Work (physics)
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetism
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