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Marcus Jastrow, the Glossary

Marcus Jastrow (June 5, 1829 – October 13, 1903) was a German-born American Talmudic scholar and rabbi, most famously known for his authorship of the popular and comprehensive Dictionary of the Targumim, Talmud Babli, Talmud Yerushalmi and Midrashic Literature.^[1]

73 relations: Alliance Israélite Universelle, Ashkenazi Jews, Baltimore, Benjamin Szold, Berlin, Board of Delegates of American Israelites, Congregation Rodeph Shalom (Philadelphia), Conservative Judaism, Cyrus Adler, Doctor of Letters, Doctor of Philosophy, Dow Ber Meisels, Dresden, Elisabeth Jastrow, Etymology, Exegesis, Frederick de Sola Mendes, Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium, Funeral procession, Germantown, Philadelphia, Grand Duchy of Posen, Halle (Saale), Hebrew language, Heinrich Graetz, Henrietta Szold, Henry Berkowitz, Henry Pereira Mendes, Hirsch Edelmann, Isaac Leeser, Isaac Mayer Wise, Jacob Rader Marcus, January Uprising, Jerusalem Talmud, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic, Jewish holidays, Jewish Publication Society, Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Joseph Jastrow, Koine Greek, Krakowskie Przedmieście, Linguistics, Maimonides College, Mannheim, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Mekitze Nirdamim, Michael Sachs (rabbi), Midrash, Morris Jastrow Jr., Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Union, ... Expand index (23 more) »
Jewish lexicographers
People from Oborniki County

Alliance Israélite Universelle

The Alliance israélite universelle (AIU; כל ישראל חברים) is a Paris-based international Jewish organization founded in 1860 with the purpose of safeguarding human rights for Jews around the world.

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Ashkenazi Jews

Ashkenazi Jews (translit,; Ashkenazishe Yidn), also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim, constitute a Jewish diaspora population that emerged in the Holy Roman Empire around the end of the first millennium CE. They traditionally spoke Yiddish and largely migrated towards northern and eastern Europe during the late Middle Ages due to persecution.

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Baltimore

Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland.

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Benjamin Szold

Benjamin Szold (15 November 1829 in Nemes-Kürt Kingdom of Hungary, (now Zemianske Sady, Slovakia) – 31 July 1902 in Berkeley Springs, West Virginia) was an American rabbi and scholar. Marcus Jastrow and Benjamin Szold are 19th-century American rabbis.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

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Board of Delegates of American Israelites

The Board of Delegates of American Israelites was the first Jewish civil and political rights organization in the United States, modeled after the Board of Deputies of British Jews.

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Congregation Rodeph Shalom (Philadelphia)

Congregation Rodeph Shalom (Pursuer of Peace), is an historic Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 615 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States.

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Conservative Judaism

Conservative Judaism, also known as Masorti Judaism (translit), is a Jewish religious movement that regards the authority of Jewish law and tradition as emanating primarily from the assent of the people through the generations, more than from divine revelation.

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Cyrus Adler

Cyrus Adler (September 13, 1863 – April 7, 1940) was an American educator, Jewish religious leader and scholar. Marcus Jastrow and Cyrus Adler are university of Pennsylvania faculty.

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Doctor of Letters

Doctor of Letters (D.Litt., Litt.D., Latin: Litterarum Doctor or Doctor Litterarum) also termed "Doctor of Literature" in some countries is a terminal degree in the arts, humanities and social sciences that, depending on the country, is a higher doctorate after the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree or equivalent to a higher doctorate, such as the Doctor of Science (Sc.D.

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or DPhil; philosophiae doctor or) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research.

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Dow Ber Meisels

Dow (Dov, Dob) Ber (Beer, Berisz, Berush) Meisels (1798 – 17 March 1870) was a Chief Rabbi of Kraków (Cracow) from 1832 and later, Chief Rabbi of Warsaw (from 1856). Marcus Jastrow and Dow Ber Meisels are Polish Orthodox rabbis.

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Dresden

Dresden (Upper Saxon: Dräsdn; Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and it is the second most populous city after Leipzig.

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Elisabeth Jastrow

Elisabeth Jastrow (October 7, 1890 – September 1981) was a German-born American classical archaeologist.

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Etymology

Etymology (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the scientific study of words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".) is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes.

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Exegesis

Exegesis (from the Greek ἐξήγησις, from ἐξηγεῖσθαι, "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation of a text.

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Frederick de Sola Mendes

Frederick de Sola Mendes (July 8, 1850 – October 26, 1927) was a rabbi, author, and editor. Marcus Jastrow and Frederick de Sola Mendes are 19th-century American rabbis and American Orthodox rabbis.

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Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium

The Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium (or Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium) was a secondary school (''Gymnasium'') in Berlin.

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Funeral procession

A funeral procession is a procession, usually in motor vehicles or by foot, from a funeral home or place of worship to the cemetery or crematorium.

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Germantown, Philadelphia

Germantown (Deutschstadt) is an area in Northwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

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Grand Duchy of Posen

The Grand Duchy of Posen (Großherzogtum Posen; Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie) was part of the Kingdom of Prussia, created from territories annexed by Prussia after the Partitions of Poland, and formally established following the Napoleonic Wars in 1815.

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Halle (Saale)

Halle (Saale), or simply Halle (from the 15th to the 17th century: Hall in Sachsen; until the beginning of the 20th century: Halle an der Saale; from 1965 to 1995: Halle/Saale) is the largest city of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the fifth-most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz, as well as the 31st-largest city of Germany, and with around 244,000 inhabitants, it is slightly more populous than the state capital of Magdeburg.

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Hebrew language

Hebrew (ʿÎbrit) is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family.

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Heinrich Graetz

Heinrich Graetz (31 October 1817 – 7 September 1891) was a German exegete and one of the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective.

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Henrietta Szold

Henrietta Szold (December 21, 1860 – February 13, 1945) was an American-born Jewish Zionist leader and founder of Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America.

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Henry Berkowitz

Henry Berkowitz (March 18, 1857 – February 7, 1924) was a Reform rabbi, educator and author.

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Henry Pereira Mendes

Henry Pereira Mendes (13 April 1852 – 21 October 1937), was an American rabbi who was born in Birmingham, England and died in New York City. Marcus Jastrow and Henry Pereira Mendes are 19th-century American rabbis and American Orthodox rabbis.

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Hirsch Edelmann

Hirsch Edelmann (1805 – 20 November 1858) was a Russian Jewish author and editor.

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Isaac Leeser

Isaac Leeser (December 12, 1806 – February 1, 1868) was an American Orthodox Jewish religious leader, teacher, scholar and publisher. Marcus Jastrow and Isaac Leeser are 19th-century American rabbis, American Orthodox rabbis and American people of German-Jewish descent.

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Isaac Mayer Wise

Isaac Mayer Wise (29 March 1819 – 26 March 1900) was an American Reform rabbi, editor, and author. Marcus Jastrow and Isaac Mayer Wise are 19th-century American rabbis.

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Jacob Rader Marcus

Jacob Rader Marcus (March 5, 1896 –14 November 1995) was a scholar of Jewish history and a Reform rabbi.

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January Uprising

The January Uprising was an insurrection principally in Russia's Kingdom of Poland that was aimed at putting an end to Russian occupation of part of Poland and regaining independence.

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Jerusalem Talmud

The Jerusalem Talmud (translit, often for short) or Palestinian Talmud, also known as the Talmud of the Land of Israel, is a collection of rabbinic notes on the second-century Jewish oral tradition known as the Mishnah.

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Jewish Babylonian Aramaic

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic (Aramaic: ארמית) was the form of Middle Aramaic employed by writers in Lower Mesopotamia between the fourth and eleventh centuries.

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Jewish holidays

Jewish holidays, also known as Jewish festivals or Yamim Tovim (Good Days, or singular יום טוב, in transliterated Hebrew), are holidays observed by Jews throughout the Hebrew calendar.

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Jewish Publication Society

The Jewish Publication Society (JPS), originally known as the Jewish Publication Society of America, is the oldest nonprofit, nondenominational publisher of Jewish works in English.

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Jewish Theological Seminary of America

The Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS) is a Conservative Jewish education organization in New York City, New York.

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Joseph Jastrow

Joseph Jastrow (January 30, 1863 – January 8, 1944) was a Polish-born American psychologist notorious for inventions in experimental psychology, design of experiments, and psychophysics.

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Koine Greek

Koine Greek (Koine the common dialect), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek, Septuagint Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-regional form of Greek spoken and written during the Hellenistic period, the Roman Empire and the early Byzantine Empire.

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Krakowskie Przedmieście

Krakowskie Przedmieście is one of the best known streets of Poland's capital Warsaw, surrounded by historic palaces, churches and manor-houses.

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Linguistics

Linguistics is the scientific study of language.

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Maimonides College

Maimonides College was a Jewish institute of higher education which existed in Philadelphia from 1867 to 1873.

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Mannheim

Mannheim (Palatine German: Mannem or Monnem), officially the University City of Mannheim (Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 21st-largest city, with a 2021 population of 311,831 inhabitants.

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Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg.

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Mekitze Nirdamim

Mekitze Nirdamim (מְקִיצֵי נִרְדָּמִים, Meḳitse nirdamim, "Rousers of Those Who Slumber") is a literary society dedicated to the retrieval, preservation, and publication of medieval Hebrew texts.

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Michael Sachs (rabbi)

Michael Yechiel Sachs (3 September 1808 – 31 January 1864) was a Prussian rabbi from Groß-Glogau, Silesia.

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Midrash

Midrash (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. מִדְרָשׁ; מִדְרָשִׁים or midrashot) is expansive Jewish Biblical exegesis using a rabbinic mode of interpretation prominent in the Talmud.

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Morris Jastrow Jr.

Morris Jastrow Jr. (August 13, 1861 – June 22, 1921) was a Polish-born American orientalist and librarian associated with the University of Pennsylvania. Marcus Jastrow and Morris Jastrow Jr. are university of Pennsylvania faculty.

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Orthodox Judaism

Orthodox Judaism is the collective term for the traditionalist branches of contemporary Judaism.

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Orthodox Union

The Orthodox Union (abbreviated OU) is one of the largest Orthodox Jewish organizations in the United States.

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Pittsburgh Platform

The Pittsburgh Platform is a pivotal 1885 document in the history of the American Reform Movement in Judaism that called for Jews to adopt a modern approach to the practice of their faith.

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Polish language

Polish (język polski,, polszczyzna or simply polski) is a West Slavic language of the Lechitic group within the Indo-European language family written in the Latin script.

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Poznań

Poznań is a city on the River Warta in west Poland, within the Greater Poland region.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions.

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Rabbi

A rabbi (רַבִּי|translit.

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Reform Judaism

Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous revelation which is closely intertwined with human reason and not limited to the Theophany at Mount Sinai.

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Revue des Études Juives

Revue des études juives is a French quarterly academic journal of Jewish studies, established in July 1880 at the École pratique des hautes études, Paris by the Société des Études Juives.

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Rogoźno

Rogoźno is a town in Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship, about 40 km north of Poznań.

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Sabato Morais

Sabato Morais (שבתאי מוראיס; April 13, 1823 – November 11, 1897) was an Italian-American rabbi of Portuguese descent, leader of Mikveh Israel Synagogue in Philadelphia, pioneer of Italian Jewish Studies in America, and founder of the Jewish Theological Seminary, which initially acted as a center of education for Orthodox Rabbis. Marcus Jastrow and Sabato Morais are 19th-century American rabbis and American Orthodox rabbis.

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Semikhah

Semikhah (סמיכה) is the traditional Jewish name for rabbinic ordination.

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Shabbat

Shabbat (or; Šabbāṯ) or the Sabbath, also called Shabbos by Ashkenazim, is Judaism's day of rest on the seventh day of the week—i.e., Saturday.

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Shemini Atzeret

Shemini Atzeret (—"Eighth Assembly") is a Jewish holiday.

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Siddur

A siddur (סִדּוּר sīddūr,; plural siddurim סִדּוּרִים) is a Jewish prayer book containing a set order of daily prayers.

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Solitary confinement

Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an incarcerated person lives in a single cell with little or no contact with other people.

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Talmud

The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.

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Targum

A targum (תרגום 'interpretation, translation, version') was an originally spoken translation of the Hebrew Bible (also called the Tanakh) that a professional translator (מְתוּרגְמָן mǝturgǝmān) would give in the common language of the listeners when that was not Biblical Hebrew.

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The Jewish Encyclopedia

The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on the history, culture, and state of Judaism up to the early 20th century.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Jastrow

Also known as M. Jastrow, Morris Jastrow.

, Pittsburgh Platform, Polish language, Poznań, Prussia, Rabbi, Reform Judaism, Revue des Études Juives, Rogoźno, Sabato Morais, Semikhah, Shabbat, Shemini Atzeret, Siddur, Solitary confinement, Talmud, Targum, The Jewish Encyclopedia, Union for Reform Judaism, University of Pennsylvania, Warsaw, Warsaw Citadel, Worms, Germany, Wrocław.

Marcus Jastrow, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Jewish lexicographers

People from Oborniki County

References