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Massospondylus, the Glossary

Index Massospondylus

Massospondylus (from Greek, μάσσων (massōn, "longer") and σπόνδυλος (spondylos, "vertebra")) was a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Pliensbachian ages, ca. 200–183 million years ago).[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 176 relations: Aardonyx, Abrictosaurus, Adeopapposaurus, Age determination in dinosaurs, Air sac, Anatomical terms of motion, Anchisauria, Anchisaurus, Ancient Greek, Andhra Pradesh, Antetonitrus, Antorbital fenestra, Apomorphy and synapomorphy, Arcusaurus, Argentina, Arizona, Articular process, Azendohsaurus, Éric Buffetaut, Basal (phylogenetics), Bipedalism, Bird, Blikanasaurus, Bushveld Sandstone, Cañón del Colorado Formation, Camelotia, Cape Province, Carnivore, Carrion, Casting, Ceratopsia, Chameleon, Clade, Cladogram, Clarens Formation, Clavicle, Coloradisaurus, Conifer, Crocodylomorpha, Crown (tooth), Dinosaur, Dracovenator, Early Jurassic, Eastern Cape, Elliot Formation, Eucnemesaurus, Euskelosaurus, Extinction, Fauna, Femur, ... Expand index (126 more) »

  2. Early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa
  3. Fossil taxa described in 1854
  4. Jurassic South Africa
  5. Massospondylidae
  6. Multispecific sauropodomorph genera
  7. Pliensbachian genus extinctions
  8. Sinemurian genera

Aardonyx

Aardonyx (Afrikaans aard, "earth" + Greek, "nail, claw") is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur. Massospondylus and Aardonyx are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Aardonyx

Abrictosaurus

Abrictosaurus ("wakeful lizard") is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic in what is now in parts of southern Africa such as Lesotho and South Africa. Massospondylus and Abrictosaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa.

See Massospondylus and Abrictosaurus

Adeopapposaurus

Adeopapposaurus (meaning "far eating lizard", in reference to its long neck) is a genus of plateosaurian dinosaur from the Early Jurassic Cañón del Colorado Formation of San Juan, Argentina. Massospondylus and Adeopapposaurus are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Adeopapposaurus

Age determination in dinosaurs

Age determination in dinosaurs is mainly used to determine the approximate age of a dinosaur when the animal died.

See Massospondylus and Age determination in dinosaurs

Air sac

Air sacs are spaces within an organism where there is the constant presence of air.

See Massospondylus and Air sac

Anatomical terms of motion

Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific anatomical terms.

See Massospondylus and Anatomical terms of motion

Anchisauria

Anchisauria is an extinct clade of sauropodomorph dinosaurs that lived from the Late Triassic to the Late Cretaceous.

See Massospondylus and Anchisauria

Anchisaurus

Anchisaurus is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur.

See Massospondylus and Anchisaurus

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

See Massospondylus and Ancient Greek

Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh (abbr. AP) is a state in the southern coastal region of India.

See Massospondylus and Andhra Pradesh

Antetonitrus

Antetonitrus is a genus of sauropodiform dinosaur found in the Early Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa. Massospondylus and Antetonitrus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Antetonitrus

Antorbital fenestra

An antorbital fenestra (plural: fenestrae) is an opening in the skull that is in front of the eye sockets.

See Massospondylus and Antorbital fenestra

Apomorphy and synapomorphy

In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy).

See Massospondylus and Apomorphy and synapomorphy

Arcusaurus

Arcusaurus is an extinct genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Sinemurian stages) of South Africa. Massospondylus and Arcusaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Arcusaurus

Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.

See Massospondylus and Argentina

Arizona

Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a landlocked state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

See Massospondylus and Arizona

Articular process

The articular process or zygapophysis (+ apophysis) of a vertebra is a projection of the vertebra that serves the purpose of fitting with an adjacent vertebra.

See Massospondylus and Articular process

Azendohsaurus

Azendohsaurus is an extinct genus of herbivorous archosauromorph reptile from roughly the late Middle to early Late Triassic Period of Morocco and Madagascar.

See Massospondylus and Azendohsaurus

Éric Buffetaut

Éric Buffetaut (born 19 November 1950) is a French paleontologist, author and researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique since 1976 where he is a Doctor of Science and Director of Research.

See Massospondylus and Éric Buffetaut

Basal (phylogenetics)

In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.

See Massospondylus and Basal (phylogenetics)

Bipedalism

Bipedalism is a form of terrestrial locomotion where an animal moves by means of its two rear (or lower) limbs or legs.

See Massospondylus and Bipedalism

Bird

Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

See Massospondylus and Bird

Blikanasaurus

Blikanasaurus is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the late Triassic of South Africa. Massospondylus and Blikanasaurus are fossils of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Blikanasaurus

Bushveld Sandstone

The Bushveld Sandstone is a geological formation dating to roughly between 201 and 189 million years ago and covering the Carnian to Norian stages. Massospondylus and Bushveld Sandstone are Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Bushveld Sandstone

Cañón del Colorado Formation

The Canon del Colorado Formation is an Early Jurassic geologic formation in the San Juan Province of Argentina.

See Massospondylus and Cañón del Colorado Formation

Camelotia

Camelotia (meaning "from Camelot") is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic in what is now England.

See Massospondylus and Camelotia

Cape Province

The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as the Cape Province (Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as The Cape (Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Cape Province

Carnivore

A carnivore, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or "flesh" and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements are met by the consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging.

See Massospondylus and Carnivore

Carrion

Carrion, also known as a carcass, is the decaying flesh of dead animals.

See Massospondylus and Carrion

Casting

Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.

See Massospondylus and Casting

Ceratopsia

Ceratopsia or Ceratopia (or; Greek: "horned faces") is a group of herbivorous, beaked dinosaurs that thrived in what are now North America, Europe, and Asia, during the Cretaceous Period, although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Jurassic.

See Massospondylus and Ceratopsia

Chameleon

Chameleons or chamaeleons (family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 200 species described as of June 2015.

See Massospondylus and Chameleon

Clade

In biological phylogenetics, a clade, also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree.

See Massospondylus and Clade

Cladogram

A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.

See Massospondylus and Cladogram

Clarens Formation

The Clarens Formation is a geological formation found in several localities in Lesotho and in the Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, and Eastern Cape provinces in South Africa. Massospondylus and Clarens Formation are Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Clarens Formation

Clavicle

The clavicle, collarbone, or keybone is a slender, S-shaped long bone approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum (breastbone).

See Massospondylus and Clavicle

Coloradisaurus

Coloradisaurus (meaning "Los Colorados lizard") is a genus of massospondylid sauropodomorph dinosaur. Massospondylus and Coloradisaurus are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Coloradisaurus

Conifer

Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms.

See Massospondylus and Conifer

Crocodylomorpha

Crocodylomorpha is a group of pseudosuchian archosaurs that includes the crocodilians and their extinct relatives.

See Massospondylus and Crocodylomorpha

Crown (tooth)

In dentistry, crown refers to the anatomical area of teeth, usually covered by enamel.

See Massospondylus and Crown (tooth)

Dinosaur

Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. Massospondylus and Dinosaur are taxa named by Richard Owen.

See Massospondylus and Dinosaur

Dracovenator

Dracovenator is a genus of neotheropod dinosaur that lived approximately 201 to 199 million years ago during the early part of the Jurassic Period in what is now South Africa. Massospondylus and Dracovenator are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Dracovenator

Early Jurassic

The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period.

See Massospondylus and Early Jurassic

Eastern Cape

The Eastern Cape (iMpuma-Kapa; Oos-Kaap) is one of the nine provinces of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Eastern Cape

Elliot Formation

The Elliot Formation is a geological formation and forms part of the Stormberg Group, the uppermost geological group that comprises the greater Karoo Supergroup. Massospondylus and Elliot Formation are Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Elliot Formation

Eucnemesaurus

Eucnemesaurus (meaning "good tibia lizard", for its robust tibiae) is a basal sauropodomorph dinosaur genus usually considered to be a synonym of Euskelosaurus. Massospondylus and Eucnemesaurus are fossils of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Eucnemesaurus

Euskelosaurus

Euskelosaurus ("good leg lizard") is a sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic of South Africa and Lesotho. Massospondylus and Euskelosaurus are fossils of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Euskelosaurus

Extinction

Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.

See Massospondylus and Extinction

Fauna

Fauna (faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time.

See Massospondylus and Fauna

Femur

The femur (femurs or femora), or thigh bone is the only bone in the thigh.

See Massospondylus and Femur

Fenestra

A fenestra (fenestration;: fenestrae or fenestrations) is any small opening or pore, commonly used as a term in the biological sciences.

See Massospondylus and Fenestra

Fernando Novas

Fernando Emilio Novas (born 1960) is an Argentine paleontologist working for the Comparative Anatomy Department of the Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

See Massospondylus and Fernando Novas

Flora

Flora (floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. The corresponding term for animals is fauna, and for fungi, it is funga.

See Massospondylus and Flora

Forest Sandstone

The Forest Sandstone is a geological formation in southern Africa, dating to roughly between 200 and 190 million years ago and covering the Hettangian to Sinemurian stages of the Jurassic Period in the Mesozoic Era.

See Massospondylus and Forest Sandstone

Furcula

The italics (Latin for "little fork";: furculae) or wishbone is a forked bone found in most birds and some species of non-avian dinosaurs, and is formed by the fusion of the two clavicles.

See Massospondylus and Furcula

Gastrolith

A gastrolith, also called a stomach stone or gizzard stone, is a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract.

See Massospondylus and Gastrolith

Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

See Massospondylus and Genus

Glacialisaurus

Glacialisaurus is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur. Massospondylus and Glacialisaurus are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Glacialisaurus

Golden Gate Highlands National Park

Golden Gate Highlands National Park is located in Free State, South Africa, near the Lesotho border.

See Massospondylus and Golden Gate Highlands National Park

Gongxianosaurus

Gongxianosaurus is a genus of basal sauropod dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period (Toarcian stage).

See Massospondylus and Gongxianosaurus

Harrismith

Harrismith is a large town in the Free State province of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Harrismith

Harry Seeley

Harry Govier Seeley (18 February 1839 – 8 January 1909) was a British paleontologist.

See Massospondylus and Harry Seeley

Herbivore

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.

See Massospondylus and Herbivore

Heterodont

In anatomy, a heterodont (from Greek, meaning 'different teeth') is an animal which possesses more than a single tooth morphology.

See Massospondylus and Heterodont

Heterodontosauridae

Heterodontosauridae is a family of ornithischian dinosaurs that were likely among the most basal (primitive) members of the group.

See Massospondylus and Heterodontosauridae

Heterodontosaurus

Heterodontosaurus is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic, 200–190 million years ago. Massospondylus and Heterodontosaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Heterodontosaurus

Hettangian

The Hettangian is the earliest age and lowest stage of the Jurassic Period of the geologic timescale.

See Massospondylus and Hettangian

Humerus

The humerus (humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow.

See Massospondylus and Humerus

Ignavusaurus

Ignavusaurus is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic in what is now Lesotho. Massospondylus and Ignavusaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa.

See Massospondylus and Ignavusaurus

Iguana

Iguana is a genus of herbivorous lizards that are native to tropical areas of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

See Massospondylus and Iguana

In situ

In situ (often not italicized in English) is a Latin phrase that translates literally to "on site" or "in position." It can mean "locally", "on site", "on the premises", or "in place" to describe where an event takes place and is used in many different contexts.

See Massospondylus and In situ

India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

See Massospondylus and India

Ingentia

Ingentia is a genus of early sauropodiform dinosaur, sometimes considered a basal sauropod, from the Late Triassic (late Norian-Rhaetian) of Argentina.

See Massospondylus and Ingentia

Isanosaurus

Isanosaurus ("North-eastern thailand lizard") is an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur from Thailand.

See Massospondylus and Isanosaurus

James Kitching

James William Kitching (6 February 1922 – 24 December 2003) was a South African vertebrate palaeontologist and regarded as one of the world’s greatest fossil finders.

See Massospondylus and James Kitching

Jingshanosaurus

Jingshanosaurus (meaning "Jingshan lizard") is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the early Jurassic period 201.3 million years ago that went extinct 199.3 million years ago in the Hettangian Age.

See Massospondylus and Jingshanosaurus

Joseph Orpen

Joseph Millerd Orpen (5 November 1828 – 17 December 1923) was an influential colonial administrator for the British empire in southern Africa, as well as a local member of the Cape Parliament and the Orange Free State Volksraad.

See Massospondylus and Joseph Orpen

Kayenta Formation

The Kayenta Formation is a geological formation in the Glen Canyon Group that is spread across the Colorado Plateau province of the United States, including northern Arizona, northwest Colorado, Nevada, and Utah.

See Massospondylus and Kayenta Formation

Keratin

Keratin is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins.

See Massospondylus and Keratin

Late Cretaceous

The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale.

See Massospondylus and Late Cretaceous

Late Triassic

The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between Ma and Ma (million years ago).

See Massospondylus and Late Triassic

Leonerasaurus

Leonerasaurus is a basal genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur.

See Massospondylus and Leonerasaurus

Lesotho

Lesotho, formally the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

See Massospondylus and Lesotho

Lesothosaurus

Lesothosaurus is a monospecific genus of ornithischian dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic in what is now South Africa and Lesotho. Massospondylus and Lesothosaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa.

See Massospondylus and Lesothosaurus

Lessemsaurus

Lessemsaurus is an extinct genus of sauropodiform dinosaur belonging to Lessemsauridae.

See Massospondylus and Lessemsaurus

Leyesaurus

Leyesaurus is an extinct genus of massospondylid sauropodomorph dinosaur known from the San Juan Province, northwestern Argentina. Massospondylus and Leyesaurus are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Leyesaurus

List of foramina of the human body

This article lists foramina that occur in the human body.

See Massospondylus and List of foramina of the human body

Lizard

Lizard is the common name used for all squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.

See Massospondylus and Lizard

Lower Maleri Formation

The Lower Maleri Formation is a sedimentary rock formation found in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India.

See Massospondylus and Lower Maleri Formation

Lufengosaurus

Lufengosaurus (meaning "Lufeng lizard") is a genus of massospondylid dinosaur which lived during the Early Jurassic period in what is now southwestern China. Massospondylus and Lufengosaurus are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Lufengosaurus

Lung

The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system in humans and some other animals, including tetrapods, some snails and a small number of fish.

See Massospondylus and Lung

Lycorhinus

Lycorhinus is a genus of heterodontosaurid ornithischian dinosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Sinemurian ages) strata of the Elliot Formation located in the Cape Province, South Africa. Massospondylus and Lycorhinus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Lycorhinus

Maharashtra

Maharashtra (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra) is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau.

See Massospondylus and Maharashtra

Malocclusion

In orthodontics, a malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.

See Massospondylus and Malocclusion

Mammal

A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.

See Massospondylus and Mammal

Mandible

In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla).

See Massospondylus and Mandible

Massopoda

Massopoda is a clade of sauropodomorph dinosaurs which lived during the Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous epochs.

See Massospondylus and Massopoda

Massospondylidae

Massospondylidae is a family of early massopod dinosaurs that existed in Asia, Africa, North America, South America and AntarcticaHellert, Spencer M. "A New Basal Sauropodomorph from The Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of Antarctica." Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs,.

See Massospondylus and Massospondylidae

Maxilla

In vertebrates, the maxilla (maxillae) is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones.

See Massospondylus and Maxilla

Megapnosaurus

Megapnosaurus (meaning "big dead lizard", from Greek μέγα. Massospondylus and Megapnosaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Megapnosaurus

Melanorosaurus

Melanorosaurus (meaning "Black Mountain Lizard", from the Greek melas/μέλας, "black", oros/ὄρος, "mountain" + sauros/σαῦρος, "lizard") is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period. Massospondylus and Melanorosaurus are fossils of South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Melanorosaurus

Meroktenos

Meroktenos is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period of what is now Lesotho.

See Massospondylus and Meroktenos

Morganucodon

Morganucodon ("Glamorgan tooth") is an early mammaliaform genus that lived from the Late Triassic to the Middle Jurassic.

See Massospondylus and Morganucodon

Mussaurus

Mussaurus (meaning "mouse lizard") is a genus of herbivorous sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived in southern Argentina during the Sinemurian stage of the Early Jurassic. Massospondylus and Mussaurus are Sinemurian genera.

See Massospondylus and Mussaurus

Neck

The neck is the part of the body on many vertebrates that connects the head with the torso.

See Massospondylus and Neck

Neoteny

Neoteny, also called juvenilization,Montagu, A. (1989).

See Massospondylus and Neoteny

Ngwevu

Ngwevu is a genus of massospondylid sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic of South Africa. Massospondylus and Ngwevu are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa, Jurassic South Africa and Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Ngwevu

Nomen dubium

In binomial nomenclature, a nomen dubium (Latin for "doubtful name", plural nomina dubia) is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application.

See Massospondylus and Nomen dubium

Nostril

A nostril (or naris,: nares) is either of the two orifices of the nose.

See Massospondylus and Nostril

Omnivore

An omnivore is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter.

See Massospondylus and Omnivore

Orbit (anatomy)

In anatomy, the orbit is the cavity or socket/hole of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated.

See Massospondylus and Orbit (anatomy)

Ornithischia

Ornithischia is an extinct clade of mainly herbivorous dinosaurs characterized by a pelvic structure superficially similar to that of birds.

See Massospondylus and Ornithischia

Paleontology

Paleontology, also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).

See Massospondylus and Paleontology

Pegomastax

Pegomastax is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic of South Africa. Massospondylus and Pegomastax are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Pegomastax

Phylogenetic nomenclature

Phylogenetic nomenclature is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below.

See Massospondylus and Phylogenetic nomenclature

Plateosauridae

Plateosauridae is a family of plateosaurian sauropodomorphs from the Late Triassic of Europe, Greenland, Africa and Asia.

See Massospondylus and Plateosauridae

Plateosaurus

Plateosaurus (probably meaning "broad lizard", often mistranslated as "flat lizard") is a genus of plateosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period, around 214 to 204 million years ago, in what is now Central and Northern Europe. Massospondylus and Plateosaurus are Multispecific sauropodomorph genera.

See Massospondylus and Plateosaurus

Pliensbachian

The Pliensbachian is an age of the geologic timescale and stage in the stratigraphic column.

See Massospondylus and Pliensbachian

Pradhania

Pradhania (named after Dhuiya Pradhan, a fossil collector at the Indian Statistical Institute) is a genus of massospondylid sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Sinemurian-age (Early Jurassic) Upper Dharmaram Formation of India. Massospondylus and Pradhania are Massospondylidae.

See Massospondylus and Pradhania

Premaxilla

The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth.

See Massospondylus and Premaxilla

Pubis (bone)

In vertebrates, the pubis or pubic bone (os pubis) forms the lower and anterior part of each side of the hip bone.

See Massospondylus and Pubis (bone)

Pulanesaura

Pulanesaura is an extinct genus of basal sauropodiform known from the Early Jurassic (late Hettangian to Sinemurian) Upper Elliot Formation of the Free State, South Africa. Massospondylus and Pulanesaura are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Pulanesaura

Quadrupedalism

Quadrupedalism is a form of locomotion where animals have four legs are used to bear weight and move around.

See Massospondylus and Quadrupedalism

Rauisuchidae

Rauisuchidae is a group of large (up to) predatory Triassic archosaurs.

See Massospondylus and Rauisuchidae

Rhynchocephalia

Rhynchocephalia is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) of New Zealand.

See Massospondylus and Rhynchocephalia

Richard Lydekker

Richard Lydekker (25 July 1849 – 16 April 1915) was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history.

See Massospondylus and Richard Lydekker

Richard Owen

Sir Richard Owen (20 July 1804 – 18 December 1892) was an English biologist, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist.

See Massospondylus and Richard Owen

Riojasauridae

Riojasauridae is an extinct family of sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the Late Triassic Period (late Carnian to Norian Ages).

See Massospondylus and Riojasauridae

Riojasaurus

Riojasaurus (meaning "Rioja lizard") was a herbivorous sauropodomorph dinosaur named after La Rioja Province in Argentina where it was found in the Los Colorados Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin by José Bonaparte.

See Massospondylus and Riojasaurus

Robert Broom

Robert Broom FRS FRSE (30 November 1866 6 April 1951) was a British- South African medical doctor and palaeontologist.

See Massospondylus and Robert Broom

Robert T. Bakker

Robert Thomas Bakker (born March 24, 1945) is an American paleontologist who helped reshape modern theories about dinosaurs, particularly by adding support to the theory that some dinosaurs were endothermic (warm-blooded).

See Massospondylus and Robert T. Bakker

Royal College of Surgeons of England

The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales.

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Royal Ontario Museum

The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) is a museum of art, world culture and natural history in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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Ruehleia

Ruehleia is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic period of Germany.

See Massospondylus and Ruehleia

Sacrum

The sacrum (sacra or sacrums), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1S5) between ages 18 and 30.

See Massospondylus and Sacrum

San Juan, Argentina

San Juan is the capital and largest city of the Argentine province of San Juan in the Cuyo region, located in the Tulúm Valley, west of the San Juan River, at above mean sea level, with a population of around 112,000 as per the (over 500,000 in the metropolitan area).

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Sarahsaurus

Sarahsaurus is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur which lived during the Early Jurassic period in what is now northeastern Arizona, United States.

See Massospondylus and Sarahsaurus

Saturnalia tupiniquim

Saturnalia is an extinct genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur known from the Late Triassic Santa Maria Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil.

See Massospondylus and Saturnalia tupiniquim

Saurischia

Saurischia (meaning "reptile-hipped" from the Greek (σαῦρος) meaning 'lizard' and (ἴσχιον) meaning 'hip joint') is one of the two basic divisions of dinosaurs (the other being Ornithischia), classified by their hip structure.

See Massospondylus and Saurischia

Sauropoda

Sauropoda, whose members are known as sauropods (from sauro- + -pod, 'lizard-footed'), is a clade of saurischian ('lizard-hipped') dinosaurs.

See Massospondylus and Sauropoda

Sauropodomorpha

Sauropodomorpha (from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of long-necked, herbivorous, saurischian dinosaurs that includes the sauropods and their ancestral relatives.

See Massospondylus and Sauropodomorpha

Scapula

The scapula (scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).

See Massospondylus and Scapula

Schleitheimia

Schleitheimia (named after the type locality of Schleitheim), is an extinct genus of sauropodiform sauropodomorph dinosaur, from the Gruhalde Member of Klettgau Formation of Switzerland.

See Massospondylus and Schleitheimia

Science (journal)

Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.

See Massospondylus and Science (journal)

Sefapanosaurus

Sefapanosaurus was an early, herbivorous sauropodomorph dinosaur occurring in the southern regions of Gondwana some 200 million years ago in the Late Triassic or Early Jurassic. Massospondylus and Sefapanosaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa, fossils of South Africa and Jurassic South Africa.

See Massospondylus and Sefapanosaurus

Seitaad

Seitaad is a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur which lived during the Early Jurassic period in what is now southern Utah, United States.

See Massospondylus and Seitaad

Sexual dimorphism

Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.

See Massospondylus and Sexual dimorphism

Sidney H. Haughton

Sidney Henry Haughton FRS (7 May 1888 – 24 May 1982) was an English-born South African paleontologist and geologist best known for his description of the sauropodomorph dinosaur Melanorosaurus in 1924, and his work on the geology of the Witwatersrand.

See Massospondylus and Sidney H. Haughton

South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

See Massospondylus and South Africa

Spatula

A spatula is a broad, flat, flexible blade used to mix, spread and lift material including foods, drugs, plaster and paints.

See Massospondylus and Spatula

Stage (stratigraphy)

In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.

See Massospondylus and Stage (stratigraphy)

Synonym (taxonomy)

The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.

See Massospondylus and Synonym (taxonomy)

Systematics

Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time.

See Massospondylus and Systematics

Tail

The tail is the section at the rear end of certain kinds of animals' bodies; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso.

See Massospondylus and Tail

Takli Formation

The Takli Formation is a Maastrichtian geologic formation in India.

See Massospondylus and Takli Formation

Tazoudasaurus

Tazoudasaurus is a genus of gravisaurian, probably a vulcanodontid sauropod dinosaurs hailing from the late Early Jurassic (Toarcian), that was recovered in the "Toundoute Continental Series" (Azilal Formation) located in the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco in North Africa. Massospondylus and Tazoudasaurus are early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa.

See Massospondylus and Tazoudasaurus

Temnospondyli

Temnospondyli (from Greek τέμνειν, temnein 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, spondylos 'vertebra') or temnospondyls is a diverse ancient order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods, with fossils being found on every continent.

See Massospondylus and Temnospondyli

Temporal fenestra

Temporal fenestrae are openings in the temporal region of the skull of some amniotes, behind the orbit (eye socket).

See Massospondylus and Temporal fenestra

Thecodontosaurus

Thecodontosaurus ("socket-tooth lizard") is a genus of herbivorous basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the late Triassic period (Rhaetian age).

See Massospondylus and Thecodontosaurus

Therapsida

Therapsida is a clade comprising a major group of eupelycosaurian synapsids that includes mammals and their ancestors and close relatives.

See Massospondylus and Therapsida

Theropoda

Theropoda (from ancient Greek whose members are known as theropods, is a dinosaur clade that is characterized by hollow bones and three toes and claws on each limb. Theropods are generally classed as a group of saurischian dinosaurs. They were ancestrally carnivorous, although a number of theropod groups evolved to become herbivores and omnivores.

See Massospondylus and Theropoda

Thumb

The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger.

See Massospondylus and Thumb

Tibia

The tibia (tibiae or tibias), also known as the shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outside of the tibia); it connects the knee with the ankle.

See Massospondylus and Tibia

Tritheledontidae

Tritheledontidae, the tritheledontids or ictidosaurs, is an extinct family of small to medium-sized (about 10 to 20 cm long) cynodonts.

See Massospondylus and Tritheledontidae

Tritylodontidae

Tritylodontidae ("three-knob teeth", named after the shape of their cheek teeth) is an extinct family of small to medium-sized, highly specialized mammal-like cynodonts, with several mammalian traits including erect limbs, endothermy and details of the skeleton.

See Massospondylus and Tritylodontidae

Turtle

Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines, characterized by a special shell developed mainly from their ribs.

See Massospondylus and Turtle

Type genus

In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.

See Massospondylus and Type genus

Type species

In zoological nomenclature, a type species (species typica) is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen (or specimens).

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Vertebra

Each vertebra (vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates.

See Massospondylus and Vertebra

Virginia

Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

See Massospondylus and Virginia

Xingxiulong

Xingxiulong (meaning "Xingxiu Bridge dragon") is a genus of bipedal sauropodiform from the Early Jurassic of China.

See Massospondylus and Xingxiulong

Year

A year is the time taken for astronomical objects to complete one orbit.

See Massospondylus and Year

Yimenosaurus

Yimenosaurus (meaning "Yiman reptile") is an extinct genus of plateosaurid sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived in China in the Early Jurassic.

See Massospondylus and Yimenosaurus

Yunnanosaurus

Yunnanosaurus is an extinct genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived approximately 199 to 183 million years ago in what is now the Yunnan Province, in China, for which it was named. Massospondylus and Yunnanosaurus are Multispecific sauropodomorph genera.

See Massospondylus and Yunnanosaurus

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, relief map Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east.

See Massospondylus and Zimbabwe

2009 in paleontology

Three new species of extinct Octopoda discovered in 2009.

See Massospondylus and 2009 in paleontology

See also

Early Jurassic dinosaurs of Africa

Fossil taxa described in 1854

Jurassic South Africa

Massospondylidae

Multispecific sauropodomorph genera

Pliensbachian genus extinctions

Sinemurian genera

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massospondylus

Also known as Aetonyx, Aetonyx palustris, Aristosaurus, Dromicosaurus, Leptospondylus, Massospondylus browni, Massospondylus carinatus, Massospondylus harriesi, Massospondylus kaalae, Pachyspondylus.

, Fenestra, Fernando Novas, Flora, Forest Sandstone, Furcula, Gastrolith, Genus, Glacialisaurus, Golden Gate Highlands National Park, Gongxianosaurus, Harrismith, Harry Seeley, Herbivore, Heterodont, Heterodontosauridae, Heterodontosaurus, Hettangian, Humerus, Ignavusaurus, Iguana, In situ, India, Ingentia, Isanosaurus, James Kitching, Jingshanosaurus, Joseph Orpen, Kayenta Formation, Keratin, Late Cretaceous, Late Triassic, Leonerasaurus, Lesotho, Lesothosaurus, Lessemsaurus, Leyesaurus, List of foramina of the human body, Lizard, Lower Maleri Formation, Lufengosaurus, Lung, Lycorhinus, Maharashtra, Malocclusion, Mammal, Mandible, Massopoda, Massospondylidae, Maxilla, Megapnosaurus, Melanorosaurus, Meroktenos, Morganucodon, Mussaurus, Neck, Neoteny, Ngwevu, Nomen dubium, Nostril, Omnivore, Orbit (anatomy), Ornithischia, Paleontology, Pegomastax, Phylogenetic nomenclature, Plateosauridae, Plateosaurus, Pliensbachian, Pradhania, Premaxilla, Pubis (bone), Pulanesaura, Quadrupedalism, Rauisuchidae, Rhynchocephalia, Richard Lydekker, Richard Owen, Riojasauridae, Riojasaurus, Robert Broom, Robert T. Bakker, Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal Ontario Museum, Ruehleia, Sacrum, San Juan, Argentina, Sarahsaurus, Saturnalia tupiniquim, Saurischia, Sauropoda, Sauropodomorpha, Scapula, Schleitheimia, Science (journal), Sefapanosaurus, Seitaad, Sexual dimorphism, Sidney H. Haughton, South Africa, Spatula, Stage (stratigraphy), Synonym (taxonomy), Systematics, Tail, Takli Formation, Tazoudasaurus, Temnospondyli, Temporal fenestra, Thecodontosaurus, Therapsida, Theropoda, Thumb, Tibia, Tritheledontidae, Tritylodontidae, Turtle, Type genus, Type species, Vertebra, Virginia, Xingxiulong, Year, Yimenosaurus, Yunnanosaurus, Zimbabwe, 2009 in paleontology.