Measurement, the Glossary
Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events.[1]
Table of Contents
124 relations: Accuracy and precision, Amount of substance, Ampere, Approximation, Avogadro constant, Axel Springer SE, Behavioural sciences, Boltzmann constant, Candela, Caribbean, Centimetre–gram–second system of units, Charles Sanders Peirce, Commerce, Commonwealth of Nations, Conversion of units, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Day, Decimal separator, Drag (physics), Electric current, Electrical measurements, Elemental, Elementary charge, Engineering, English units, Euclid's Elements, Free fall, French language, General Conference on Weights and Measures, Geometry, Gram, Gravity of Earth, History of measurement, History of timekeeping devices, Hour, Imperial units, Inch, Instrumentation, International Bureau of Weights and Measures, International System of Units, Isaac Newton, ISO 10012, Isotopes of caesium, John Wallis, Kelvin, Kilogram, Kilometre, Latent and observable variables, Length, Level of measurement, ... Expand index (74 more) »
- Accuracy and precision
Accuracy and precision
Accuracy and precision are two measures of observational error. Measurement and Accuracy and precision are metrology.
See Measurement and Accuracy and precision
Amount of substance
In chemistry, the amount of substance (symbol n) in a given sample of matter is defined as a ratio between the number of elementary entities (N) and the Avogadro constant (NA).
See Measurement and Amount of substance
Ampere
The ampere (symbol: A), often shortened to amp,SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units.
Approximation
An approximation is anything that is intentionally similar but not exactly equal to something else.
See Measurement and Approximation
Avogadro constant
The Avogadro constant, commonly denoted or, is an SI defining constant with an exact value of (reciprocal moles).
See Measurement and Avogadro constant
Axel Springer SE
Axel Springer SE is a German multinational mass and online media company, based in Berlin, Germany.
See Measurement and Axel Springer SE
Behavioural sciences
Behavioural sciences is a branch of science that explore the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioural interactions that occur between organisms in the natural world.
See Measurement and Behavioural sciences
Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant is the proportionality factor that relates the average relative thermal energy of particles in a gas with the thermodynamic temperature of the gas.
See Measurement and Boltzmann constant
Candela
The candela (or; symbol: cd) is the unit of luminous intensity in the International System of Units (SI).
Caribbean
The Caribbean (el Caribe; les Caraïbes; de Caraïben) is a subregion of the Americas that includes the Caribbean Sea and its islands, some of which are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some of which border both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean; the nearby coastal areas on the mainland are sometimes also included in the region.
Centimetre–gram–second system of units
The centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS or cgs) is a variant of the metric system based on the centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time. Measurement and centimetre–gram–second system of units are metrology.
See Measurement and Centimetre–gram–second system of units
Charles Sanders Peirce
Charles Sanders Peirce (September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American scientist, mathematician, logician, and philosopher who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism".
See Measurement and Charles Sanders Peirce
Commerce
Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions that directly or indirectly contribute to the smooth, unhindered distribution and transfer of goods and services on a substantial scale and at the right time, place, quantity, quality and price through various channels from the original producers to the final consumers within local, regional, national or international economies.
Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth of Nations, often simply referred to as the Commonwealth, is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire from which it developed.
See Measurement and Commonwealth of Nations
Conversion of units
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity.
See Measurement and Conversion of units
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is a South African scientific research and development (R&D) organisation.
See Measurement and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Day
A day is the time period of a full rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun.
Decimal separator
A decimal separator is a symbol that separates the integer part from the fractional part of a number written in decimal form (e.g., "." in 12.45).
See Measurement and Decimal separator
Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object, moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
See Measurement and Drag (physics)
Electric current
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.
See Measurement and Electric current
Electrical measurements
Electrical measurements are the methods, devices and calculations used to measure electrical quantities.
See Measurement and Electrical measurements
Elemental
An elemental is a mythic supernatural being that is described in occult and alchemical works from around the time of the European Renaissance, and particularly elaborated in the 16th century works of Paracelsus.
Elementary charge
The elementary charge, usually denoted by, is a fundamental physical constant, defined as the electric charge carried by a single proton or, equivalently, the magnitude of the negative electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge −1.
See Measurement and Elementary charge
Engineering
Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to solve technical problems, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve systems.
See Measurement and Engineering
English units
English units were the units of measurement used in England up to 1826 (when they were replaced by Imperial units), which evolved as a combination of the Anglo-Saxon and Roman systems of units.
See Measurement and English units
Euclid's Elements
The Elements (Στοιχεῖα) is a mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid 300 BC.
See Measurement and Euclid's Elements
Free fall
In classical mechanics, free fall is any motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting upon it.
French language
French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
See Measurement and French language
General Conference on Weights and Measures
The General Conference on Weights and Measures (abbreviated CGPM from the Conférence générale des poids et mesures) is the supreme authority of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM), the intergovernmental organization established in 1875 under the terms of the Metre Convention through which member states act together on matters related to measurement science and measurement standards.
See Measurement and General Conference on Weights and Measures
Geometry
Geometry is a branch of mathematics concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures.
Gram
The gram (originally gramme; SI unit symbol g) is a unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one thousandth of a kilogram.
Gravity of Earth
The gravity of Earth, denoted by, is the net acceleration that is imparted to objects due to the combined effect of gravitation (from mass distribution within Earth) and the centrifugal force (from the Earth's rotation).
See Measurement and Gravity of Earth
History of measurement
The earliest recorded systems of weights and measures originate in the 3rd or 4th millennium BC.
See Measurement and History of measurement
History of timekeeping devices
The history of timekeeping devices dates back to when ancient civilizations first observed astronomical bodies as they moved across the sky.
See Measurement and History of timekeeping devices
Hour
An hour (symbol: h; also abbreviated hr) is a unit of time historically reckoned as of a day and defined contemporarily as exactly 3,600 seconds (SI).
Imperial units
The imperial system of units, imperial system or imperial units (also known as British Imperial or Exchequer Standards of 1826) is the system of units first defined in the British Weights and Measures Act 1824 and continued to be developed through a series of Weights and Measures Acts and amendments.
See Measurement and Imperial units
Inch
The inch (symbol: in or pprime) is a unit of length in the British Imperial and the United States customary systems of measurement.
Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities.
See Measurement and Instrumentation
International Bureau of Weights and Measures
The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Bureau international des poids et mesures, BIPM) is an intergovernmental organisation, through which its 59 member-states act on measurement standards in areas including chemistry, ionising radiation, physical metrology, as well as the International System of Units (SI) and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
See Measurement and International Bureau of Weights and Measures
International System of Units
The International System of Units, internationally known by the abbreviation SI (from French Système international d'unités), is the modern form of the metric system and the world's most widely used system of measurement.
See Measurement and International System of Units
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher.
See Measurement and Isaac Newton
ISO 10012
ISO 10012:2003, Measurement management systems - Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard that specifies generic requirements and provides guidance for the management of measurement processes and metrological confirmation of measuring equipment used to support and demonstrate compliance with metrological requirements.
Isotopes of caesium
Caesium (55Cs) has 41 known isotopes, the atomic masses of these isotopes range from 112 to 152.
See Measurement and Isotopes of caesium
John Wallis
John Wallis (Wallisius) was an English clergyman and mathematician, who is given partial credit for the development of infinitesimal calculus.
See Measurement and John Wallis
Kelvin
The kelvin, symbol K, is the base unit of measurement for temperature in the International System of Units (SI).
Kilogram
The kilogram (also kilogramme) is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI), having the unit symbol kg.
Kilometre
The kilometre (SI symbol: km; or), spelt kilometer in American English and Philippine English, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for). It is the preferred measurement unit to express distances between geographical places on land in most of the world; notable exceptions are the United States and the United Kingdom where the statute mile is used.
Latent and observable variables
In statistics, latent variables (from Latin: present participle of lateo, “lie hidden”) are variables that can only be inferred indirectly through a mathematical model from other observable variables that can be directly observed or measured.
See Measurement and Latent and observable variables
Length
Length is a measure of distance.
Level of measurement
Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables.
See Measurement and Level of measurement
List of humorous units of measurement
Many people have made use of, or invented, units of measurement intended primarily for their humor value.
See Measurement and List of humorous units of measurement
List of unusual units of measurement
An unusual unit of measurement is a unit of measurement that does not form part of a coherent system of measurement, especially because its exact quantity may not be well known or because it may be an inconvenient multiple or fraction of a base unit.
See Measurement and List of unusual units of measurement
Luminous efficacy
Luminous efficacy is a measure of how well a light source produces visible light.
See Measurement and Luminous efficacy
Luminous intensity
In photometry, luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle, based on the luminosity function, a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye.
See Measurement and Luminous intensity
Magnitude (mathematics)
In mathematics, the magnitude or size of a mathematical object is a property which determines whether the object is larger or smaller than other objects of the same kind.
See Measurement and Magnitude (mathematics)
Mass
Mass is an intrinsic property of a body.
Mean
A mean is a numeric quantity representing the center of a collection of numbers and is intermediate to the extreme values of a set of numbers.
Measurement in quantum mechanics
In quantum physics, a measurement is the testing or manipulation of a physical system to yield a numerical result.
See Measurement and Measurement in quantum mechanics
Measurement problem
In quantum mechanics, the measurement problem is the problem of definite outcomes: quantum systems have superpositions but quantum measurements only give one definite result.
See Measurement and Measurement problem
Measurement uncertainty
In metrology, measurement uncertainty is the expression of the statistical dispersion of the values attributed to a measured quantity.
See Measurement and Measurement uncertainty
Metre
The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Measurement and metre are metrology.
Metre Convention
The Metre Convention (Convention du Mètre), also known as the Treaty of the Metre, is an international treaty that was signed in Paris on 20 May 1875 by representatives of 17 nations: Argentina, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Peru, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden and Norway, Switzerland, Ottoman Empire, United States of America, and Venezuela. Measurement and Metre Convention are metrology.
See Measurement and Metre Convention
Metric system
The metric system is a decimal-based system of measurement. Measurement and metric system are metrology.
See Measurement and Metric system
Metrology
Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.
Michelson–Morley experiment
The Michelson–Morley experiment was an attempt to measure the motion of the Earth relative to the luminiferous aether, a supposed medium permeating space that was thought to be the carrier of light waves.
See Measurement and Michelson–Morley experiment
Mile
The mile, sometimes the international mile or statute mile to distinguish it from other miles, is a British imperial unit and United States customary unit of distance; both are based on the older English unit of length equal to 5,280 English feet, or 1,760 yards.
MKS units
The metre, kilogram, second system of units, also known more briefly as MKS units or the MKS system, is a physical system of measurement based on the metre, kilogram, and second (MKS) as base units.
Mole (unit)
The mole (symbol mol) is a unit of measurement, the base unit in the International System of Units (SI) for amount of substance, a quantity proportional to the number of elementary entities of a substance.
See Measurement and Mole (unit)
Month
A month is a unit of time, used with calendars, that is approximately as long as a natural orbital period of the Moon; the words month and Moon are cognates.
National Institute of Standards and Technology
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce whose mission is to promote American innovation and industrial competitiveness.
See Measurement and National Institute of Standards and Technology
National Measurement Institute
The National Measurement Institute (NMI) is Australia's peak measurement body responsible for biological, chemical, legal and physical measurement and is currently administered within the Australian Government's Department of Industry, Innovation and Science.
See Measurement and National Measurement Institute
National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is the national measurement standards laboratory of the United Kingdom. Measurement and national Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) are metrology.
See Measurement and National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
National Physical Laboratory of India
The CSIR- National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India.
See Measurement and National Physical Laboratory of India
Natural science
Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.
See Measurement and Natural science
NCSL International
NCSL International (NCSLI) (from the founding name "National Conference of Standards Laboratories") is a global, non-profit organization whose membership is open to any organization with an interest in metrology (the science of measurement) and its application in research, development, education, and commerce. Measurement and NCSL International are metrology.
See Measurement and NCSL International
Observation
Observation in the natural sciences is an act or instance of noticing or perceiving and the acquisition of information from a primary source.
See Measurement and Observation
Observational error
Observational error (or measurement error) is the difference between a measured value of a quantity and its unknown true value. Measurement and Observational error are Accuracy and precision.
See Measurement and Observational error
Operation (mathematics)
In mathematics, an operation is a function which takes zero or more input values (also called "operands" or "arguments") to a well-defined output value.
See Measurement and Operation (mathematics)
Order of magnitude
An order of magnitude is an approximation of the logarithm of a value relative to some contextually understood reference value, usually 10, interpreted as the base of the logarithm and the representative of values of magnitude one.
See Measurement and Order of magnitude
Ounce
The ounce is any of several different units of mass, weight, or volume and is derived almost unchanged from the uncia, an Ancient Roman unit of measurement.
Physical constant
A physical constant, sometimes fundamental physical constant or universal constant, is a physical quantity that cannot be explained by a theory and therefore must be measured experimentally.
See Measurement and Physical constant
Physical quantity
A physical quantity (or simply quantity) is a property of a material or system that can be quantified by measurement.
See Measurement and Physical quantity
Planck constant
The Planck constant, or Planck's constant, denoted by is a fundamental physical constant of foundational importance in quantum mechanics: a photon's energy is equal to its frequency multiplied by the Planck constant, and the wavelength of a matter wave equals the Planck constant divided by the associated particle momentum.
See Measurement and Planck constant
Positivism
Positivism is a philosophical school that holds that all genuine knowledge is either true by definition or positive—meaning ''a posteriori'' facts derived by reason and logic from sensory experience.
See Measurement and Positivism
Pound (mass)
The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in both the British imperial and United States customary systems of measurement.
See Measurement and Pound (mass)
Quantification (science)
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into quantities.
See Measurement and Quantification (science)
Quantitative research
Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on quantifying the collection and analysis of data.
See Measurement and Quantitative research
Quantum
In physics, a quantum (quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity (physical property) involved in an interaction.
Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.
See Measurement and Quantum mechanics
Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that embodies the knowledge of a quantum system.
See Measurement and Quantum state
Questionnaire
A questionnaire is a research instrument that consists of a set of questions (or other types of prompts) for the purpose of gathering information from respondents through survey or statistical study.
See Measurement and Questionnaire
Real and nominal value
In economics, nominal value refers to value measured in terms of absolute money amounts, whereas real value is considered and measured against the actual goods or services for which it can be exchanged at a given time.
See Measurement and Real and nominal value
Regression dilution
Regression dilution, also known as regression attenuation, is the biasing of the linear regression slope towards zero (the underestimation of its absolute value), caused by errors in the independent variable.
See Measurement and Regression dilution
Ruler
A ruler, sometimes called a rule, scale or a line gauge, is an instrument used to make length measurements, whereby a user estimates a length by reading from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device.
Science
Science is a strict systematic discipline that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the world.
Second
The second (symbol: s) is the unit of time in the International System of Units (SI), historically defined as of a day – this factor derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60.
SI base unit
The SI base units are the standard units of measurement defined by the International System of Units (SI) for the seven base quantities of what is now known as the International System of Quantities: they are notably a basic set from which all other SI units can be derived.
See Measurement and SI base unit
Social science is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies.
See Measurement and Social science
Spectral line
A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum.
See Measurement and Spectral line
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to). According to the special theory of relativity, is the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy (and thus any signal carrying information) can travel through space.
See Measurement and Speed of light
Square root
In mathematics, a square root of a number is a number such that y^2.
See Measurement and Square root
Standard (metrology)
In metrology (the science of measurement), a standard (or etalon) is an object, system, or experiment that bears a defined relationship to a unit of measurement of a physical quantity. Measurement and standard (metrology) are metrology.
See Measurement and Standard (metrology)
Stanley Smith Stevens
Stanley Smith Stevens (November 4, 1906 – January 18, 1973) was an American psychologist who founded Harvard's Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory, studying psychoacoustics, and he is credited with the introduction of Stevens's power law.
See Measurement and Stanley Smith Stevens
Statistics
Statistics (from German: Statistik, "description of a state, a country") is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.
See Measurement and Statistics
Stone (unit)
The stone or stone weight (abbreviation: st.) is an English and British imperial unit of mass equal to 14 avoirdupois pounds (6.35 kg).
See Measurement and Stone (unit)
System of units of measurement
A system of units of measurement, also known as a system of units or system of measurement, is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other.
See Measurement and System of units of measurement
Technical drawing
Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed.
See Measurement and Technical drawing
Technology
Technology is the application of conceptual knowledge to achieve practical goals, especially in a reproducible way.
See Measurement and Technology
Temperature
Temperature is a physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness.
See Measurement and Temperature
Theory of conjoint measurement
The theory of conjoint measurement (also known as conjoint measurement or additive conjoint measurement) is a general, formal theory of continuous quantity.
See Measurement and Theory of conjoint measurement
Time
Time is the continued sequence of existence and events that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, and into the future.
Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology
This is a timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology or the history of temperature measurement and pressure measurement technology.
See Measurement and Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology
Ton
Ton is any of several units of measure of mass, volume or force.
Trade
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.
Uncertainty
Uncertainty or incertitude refers to epistemic situations involving imperfect or unknown information.
See Measurement and Uncertainty
Unit of measurement
A unit of measurement, or unit of measure, is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity.
See Measurement and Unit of measurement
United States customary units
United States customary units form a system of measurement units commonly used in the United States and most U.S. territories, since being standardized and adopted in 1832.
See Measurement and United States customary units
United States Department of Commerce
The United States Department of Commerce (DOC) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government concerned with creating the conditions for economic growth and opportunity.
See Measurement and United States Department of Commerce
Variable and attribute (research)
In science and research, an attribute is a quality of an object (person, thing, etc.).Earl R. Babbie, The Practice of Social Research, 12th edition, Wadsworth Publishing, 2009,, p. 14-18 Attributes are closely related to variables.
See Measurement and Variable and attribute (research)
Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is the unit of power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−3.
Wave function collapse
In quantum mechanics, wave function collapse, also called reduction of the state vector, occurs when a wave function—initially in a superposition of several eigenstates—reduces to a single eigenstate due to interaction with the external world.
See Measurement and Wave function collapse
Wavelength
In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
See Measurement and Wavelength
Week
A week is a unit of time equal to seven days.
Year
A year is the time taken for astronomical objects to complete one orbit.
See also
Accuracy and precision
- Accuracy and precision
- Berkson error model
- Bias (statistics)
- Bias of an estimator
- Calibration
- Circular error probable
- Measurement
- Observational error
- Outline of metrology and measurement
- Sensitivity and specificity
- Spatial resolution
- Statistical dispersion
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement
Also known as Euromet, Measurand, Measured, Measurement technique, Measurements, Measurer, Measurers, Measuring, Measurment, Mensuration (mathematics), Meted, Numerical measure, Representational measurement theory, Representational theory of measurements, Theory of measurement.
, List of humorous units of measurement, List of unusual units of measurement, Luminous efficacy, Luminous intensity, Magnitude (mathematics), Mass, Mean, Measurement in quantum mechanics, Measurement problem, Measurement uncertainty, Metre, Metre Convention, Metric system, Metrology, Michelson–Morley experiment, Mile, MKS units, Mole (unit), Month, National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Measurement Institute, National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom), National Physical Laboratory of India, Natural science, NCSL International, Observation, Observational error, Operation (mathematics), Order of magnitude, Ounce, Physical constant, Physical quantity, Planck constant, Positivism, Pound (mass), Quantification (science), Quantitative research, Quantum, Quantum mechanics, Quantum state, Questionnaire, Real and nominal value, Regression dilution, Ruler, Science, Second, SI base unit, Social science, Spectral line, Speed of light, Square root, Standard (metrology), Stanley Smith Stevens, Statistics, Stone (unit), System of units of measurement, Technical drawing, Technology, Temperature, Theory of conjoint measurement, Time, Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology, Ton, Trade, Uncertainty, Unit of measurement, United States customary units, United States Department of Commerce, Variable and attribute (research), Watt, Wave function collapse, Wavelength, Week, Year.