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Medical sociology, the Glossary

Medical sociology is the sociological analysis of medical organizations and institutions; the production of knowledge and selection of methods, the actions and interactions of healthcare professionals, and the social or cultural (rather than clinical or bodily) effects of medical practice.^[1]

98 relations: Aaron Esterson, Addiction, American Historical Association, American Social Science Association, American Sociological Association, Andrew Abbott (sociologist), Anorexia nervosa, Anselm Strauss, Antisocial personality disorder, Bernice A. Pescosolido, Bioethics, Biopsychosocial model, Capitalism, Carl R. May, Clinical psychology, Conflict theories, Demography, Deviance (sociology), Diagnosis, Disease, Doctor–patient relationship, Economist, Edward Sapir, Eliot Freidson, Environmental disease, Epidemiological transition, Esther Lucile Brown, Ethnography, Etiology, Expert, Fibromyalgia, Gerontology, Gothenburg Study of Children with DAMP, Gulf War syndrome, Harold Lasswell, Harry Stack Sullivan, Health equity, Health policy, Health professional, Hidden curriculum, Howard S. Becker, Institution, Interpersonal psychotherapy, Kath M. Melia, Lawrence Joseph Henderson, Lawrence K. Frank, Marxism, Medical anthropology, Medical education, Medical ethics, ... Expand index (48 more) »

Aaron Esterson

Aaron Esterson (23 September 1923 – 15 April 1999) was a British psychiatrist, practising in Glasgow.

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Addiction

Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that produces natural reward, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences.

See Medical sociology and Addiction

American Historical Association

The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world.

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In 1865, at Boston, Massachusetts, a society for the study of social questions was organized and given the name American Social Science Association.

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American Sociological Association

The American Sociological Association (ASA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology.

See Medical sociology and American Sociological Association

Andrew Abbott (sociologist)

Andrew Delano Abbott (born November 1948) is an American sociologist and social theorist working at the University of Chicago.

See Medical sociology and Andrew Abbott (sociologist)

Anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa (AN), often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder characterized by food restriction, body image disturbance, fear of gaining weight, and an overpowering desire to be thin.

See Medical sociology and Anorexia nervosa

Anselm Strauss

Anselm Leonard Strauss (December 18, 1916 – September 5, 1996) was an American sociologist professor at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) internationally known as a medical sociologist (especially for his pioneering attention to chronic illness and dying) and as the developer (with Barney Glaser) of grounded theory, an innovative method of qualitative analysis widely used in sociology, nursing, education, social work, and organizational studies.

See Medical sociology and Anselm Strauss

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD), sometimes referred to as dissocial personality disorder, is a personality disorder characterized by a limited capacity for empathy and a long-term pattern of disregard for or violation of the rights of others.

See Medical sociology and Antisocial personality disorder

Bernice A. Pescosolido

Bernice A. Pescosolido (born 1952) is an American sociologist, currently a Distinguished Professor of Sociology and Director of the Irsay Institute and Indiana Consortium for Mental Health Services Research at Indiana University, and also a published author.

See Medical sociology and Bernice A. Pescosolido

Bioethics

Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies.

See Medical sociology and Bioethics

Biopsychosocial models are a class of trans-disciplinary models which look at the interconnection between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors.

See Medical sociology and Biopsychosocial model

Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

See Medical sociology and Capitalism

Carl R. May

Carl May FAcSS (born 1961, in Farnham, Surrey) is a British sociologist.

See Medical sociology and Carl R. May

Clinical psychology

Clinical psychology is an integration of human science, behavioral science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.

See Medical sociology and Clinical psychology

Conflict theories

Conflict theories are perspectives in political philosophy and sociology which argue that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than agreement, while also emphasizing social psychology, historical materialism, power dynamics, and their roles in creating power structures, social movements, and social arrangements within a society.

See Medical sociology and Conflict theories

Demography

Demography is the statistical study of human populations: their size, composition (e.g., ethnic group, age), and how they change through the interplay of fertility (births), mortality (deaths), and migration.

See Medical sociology and Demography

Deviance (sociology)

Deviance or the sociology of deviance explores the actions and/or behaviors that violate social norms across formally enacted rules (e.g., crime) as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).

See Medical sociology and Deviance (sociology)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis (diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon.

See Medical sociology and Diagnosis

Disease

A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury.

See Medical sociology and Disease

Doctor–patient relationship

The doctor–patient relationship is a central part of health care and the practice of medicine.

See Medical sociology and Doctor–patient relationship

Economist

An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social science discipline of economics.

See Medical sociology and Economist

Edward Sapir

Edward Sapir (January 26, 1884 – February 4, 1939) was an American anthropologist-linguist, who is widely considered to be one of the most important figures in the development of the discipline of linguistics in the United States.

See Medical sociology and Edward Sapir

Eliot Freidson

Eliot Freidson (1923 – December 14, 2005) was a sociologist and medical sociologist who worked on the theory of professions.

See Medical sociology and Eliot Freidson

Environmental disease

In epidemiology, environmental diseases are diseases that can be directly attributed to environmental factors (as distinct from genetic factors or infection).

See Medical sociology and Environmental disease

Epidemiological transition

In demography and medical geography, epidemiological transition is a theory which "describes changing population patterns in terms of fertility, life expectancy, mortality, and leading causes of death." For example, a phase of development marked by a sudden increase in population growth rates brought by improved food security and innovations in public health and medicine, can be followed by a re-leveling of population growth due to subsequent declines in fertility rates.

See Medical sociology and Epidemiological transition

Esther Lucile Brown

Esther Lucile Brown was a social anthropologist.

See Medical sociology and Esther Lucile Brown

Ethnography

Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures.

See Medical sociology and Ethnography

Etiology

Etiology (alternatively spelled aetiology or ætiology) is the study of causation or origination.

See Medical sociology and Etiology

Expert

An expert is somebody who has a broad and deep understanding and competence in terms of knowledge, skill and experience through practice and education in a particular field or area of study.

See Medical sociology and Expert

Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a medical syndrome which causes chronic widespread pain, accompanied by fatigue, waking unrefreshed, and cognitive symptoms.

See Medical sociology and Fibromyalgia

Gerontology

Gerontology is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of aging.

See Medical sociology and Gerontology

Gothenburg Study of Children with DAMP

The Gothenburg Study of Children with DAMP was a study of six-year-old children in Gothenburg, Sweden that began in 1977.

See Medical sociology and Gothenburg Study of Children with DAMP

Gulf War syndrome

Gulf War syndrome (GWS) also known as Gulf War Illness or Chronic Multi-symptom Illness, is a chronic and multi-symptomatic disorder affecting military veterans of both sides of the Gulf War (1990–1991).

See Medical sociology and Gulf War syndrome

Harold Lasswell

Harold Dwight Lasswell (February 13, 1902 – December 18, 1978) was an American political scientist and communications theorist.

See Medical sociology and Harold Lasswell

Harry Stack Sullivan

Herbert "Harry" Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892 – January 14, 1949) was an American Neo-Freudian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who held that "personality can never be isolated from the complex interpersonal relationships in which person lives" and that "he field of psychiatry is the field of interpersonal relations under any and all circumstances in which relations exist".

See Medical sociology and Harry Stack Sullivan

Health equity

Health equity arises from access to the social determinants of health, specifically from wealth, power and prestige.

See Medical sociology and Health equity

Health policy

Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society".

See Medical sociology and Health policy

Health professional

A health professional, healthcare professional, or healthcare worker (sometimes abbreviated HCW) is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience.

See Medical sociology and Health professional

A hidden curriculum is a set of lessons "which are learned but not openly intended"Martin, Jane.

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Howard S. Becker

Howard Saul Becker (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist who taught at Northwestern University.

See Medical sociology and Howard S. Becker

Institution

An institution is a humanly devised structure of rules and norms that shape and constrain social behavior.

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Interpersonal psychotherapy

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a brief, attachment-focused psychotherapy that centers on resolving interpersonal problems and symptomatic recovery.

See Medical sociology and Interpersonal psychotherapy

Kath M. Melia

Kath M. Melia (died 25 October 2022) was a sociologist, professor of nursing, researcher, academic author and campaigner for ethics in healthcare.

See Medical sociology and Kath M. Melia

Lawrence Joseph Henderson

Lawrence Joseph Henderson (June 3, 1878 – February 10, 1942) was an American physiologist, chemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist.

See Medical sociology and Lawrence Joseph Henderson

Lawrence K. Frank

Lawrence Kelso Frank (December 6, 1890 – September 23, 1968) was an American social scientist, administrator, and parent educator, particularly known as vice-president of the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation and together with Frank Fremont-Smith initiator of the Macy conferences.

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Marxism

Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.

See Medical sociology and Marxism

Medical anthropology

Medical anthropology studies "human health and disease, health care systems, and biocultural adaptation".

See Medical sociology and Medical anthropology

Medical education

Medical education is education related to the practice of being a medical practitioner, including the initial training to become a physician (i.e., medical school and internship) and additional training thereafter (e.g., residency, fellowship, and continuing medical education).

See Medical sociology and Medical education

Medical ethics

Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research.

See Medical sociology and Medical ethics

Medical paternalism

Medical paternalism is a set of attitudes and practices in medicine in which a physician determines that a patient's wishes or choices should not be honored.

See Medical sociology and Medical paternalism

Medicalization

Medicalization is the process by which human conditions and problems come to be defined and treated as medical conditions, and thus become the subject of medical study, diagnosis, prevention, or treatment.

See Medical sociology and Medicalization

Medicine

Medicine is the science and practice of caring for patients, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health.

See Medical sociology and Medicine

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a disabling chronic illness.

See Medical sociology and Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Normativity

Normative generally means relating to an evaluative standard.

See Medical sociology and Normativity

Organization

An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution (formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.

See Medical sociology and Organization

Other (philosophy)

Other is a term used to define another person or people as separate from oneself.

See Medical sociology and Other (philosophy)

Outline of health sciences

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to health sciences: Health sciences – those sciences that focus on health, or health care, as core parts of their subject matter.

See Medical sociology and Outline of health sciences

Patient

A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals.

See Medical sociology and Patient

Peter Conrad (sociologist)

Peter Conrad (born 1945, died 2024, raised in New Rochelle, NY) was an American medical sociologist who has researched and published on numerous topics including ADHD, the medicalization of deviance, the experience of illness, wellness in the workplace, genetics in the news, and biomedical enhancements.

See Medical sociology and Peter Conrad (sociologist)

Philip W. Jackson

Philip Wesley Jackson (December 2, 1928, in Vineland – July 21, 2015, in Chicago) was an American pedagogue who was professor emeritus at the University of Chicago.

See Medical sociology and Philip W. Jackson

Politician

A politician is a person who has political power in the government of a state, a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government.

See Medical sociology and Politician

Politics

Politics is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status.

See Medical sociology and Politics

Positivism

Positivism is a philosophical school that holds that all genuine knowledge is either true by definition or positive—meaning ''a posteriori'' facts derived by reason and logic from sensory experience.

See Medical sociology and Positivism

Premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disruptive set of emotional and physical symptoms that regularly occur in the one to two weeks before the start of each menstrual period.

See Medical sociology and Premenstrual syndrome

Profession

A profession is a field of work that has been successfully professionalized.

See Medical sociology and Profession

Profession of Medicine

Profession of Medicine: A Study of the Sociology of Applied knowledge is a book by medical sociologist Eliot Freidson published in 1970.

See Medical sociology and Profession of Medicine

Public health

Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".

See Medical sociology and Public health

Qualitative research

Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation.

See Medical sociology and Qualitative research

Race (human categorization)

Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society.

See Medical sociology and Race (human categorization)

Renée Fox

Renée Claire Fox (February 15, 1928 – September 23, 2020) was an American sociologist.

See Medical sociology and Renée Fox

Role

A role (also rôle or social role) is a set of connected behaviors, rights, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation.

See Medical sociology and Role

Russell Sage Foundation

The Russell Sage Foundation is an American non-profit organisation established by Margaret Olivia Sage in 1907 for “the improvement of social and living conditions in the United States.” It was named after her recently deceased husband, railroad executive Russell Sage.

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Ruth Benedict

Ruth Fulton Benedict (June 5, 1887 – September 17, 1948) was an American anthropologist and folklorist.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by reoccurring episodes of psychosis that are correlated with a general misperception of reality.

See Medical sociology and Schizophrenia

Science and technology studies

Science and technology studies (STS) or science, technology, and society is an interdisciplinary field that examines the creation, development, and consequences of science and technology in their historical, cultural, and social contexts.

See Medical sociology and Science and technology studies

Scope of practice

Scope of practice describes the procedures, actions, and processes that a healthcare practitioner is permitted to undertake in keeping with the terms of their professional license.

See Medical sociology and Scope of practice

Sick role

Sick role is a term used in medical sociology regarding sickness and the rights and obligations of the affected.

See Medical sociology and Sick role

In sociology, social action, also known as Weberian social action, is an act which takes into account the actions and reactions of individuals (or 'agents').

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A social class or social stratum is a grouping of people into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the working class, middle class, and upper class.

See Medical sociology and Social class

Social constructionism is a term used in sociology, social ontology, and communication theory.

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Social epistemology refers to a broad set of approaches that can be taken in epistemology (the study of knowledge) that construes human knowledge as a collective achievement.

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Social medicine is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the profound interplay between socio-economic factors and individual health outcomes.

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Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups.

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Social science is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of societies and the relationships among individuals within those societies.

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Social work is an academic discipline and practice-based profession concerned with meeting the basic needs of individuals, families, groups, communities, and society as a whole to enhance their individual and collective well-being.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_sociology

Also known as David Silverman (sociologist), Medical sociologist, Sociology of medicine.

, Medical paternalism, Medicalization, Medicine, Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, Normativity, Organization, Other (philosophy), Outline of health sciences, Patient, Peter Conrad (sociologist), Philip W. Jackson, Politician, Politics, Positivism, Premenstrual syndrome, Profession, Profession of Medicine, Public health, Qualitative research, Race (human categorization), Renée Fox, Role, Russell Sage Foundation, Ruth Benedict, Schizophrenia, Science and technology studies, Scope of practice, Sick role, Social action, Social class, Social constructionism, Social epistemology, Social medicine, Social norm, Social science, Social work, Sociology, Sociology of health and illness, Sociology of knowledge, Stroke Belt, Structural functionalism, Structural pluralism, Susto, Talcott Parsons, The Myth of Mental Illness, Thomas Szasz, Vilfredo Pareto, W. I. Thomas.

Medical sociology, the Glossary

Table of Contents

References