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Mercosur, the Glossary

The Southern Common Market, commonly known by Spanish abbreviation Mercosur, and Portuguese Mercosul, is a South American trade bloc established by the Treaty of Asunción in 1991 and Protocol of Ouro Preto in 1994.^[1]

Aconcagua

Aconcagua is a mountain in the Principal Cordillera of the Andes mountain range, in Mendoza Province, Argentina.

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Afro-Argentines

Afro-Argentines, are Argentines who have predominantly or total Sub-Saharan African ancestry.

See Mercosur and Afro-Argentines

Afro–Latin Americans

Afro–Latin Americans or Black Latin Americans (sometimes Afro-Latinos) are Latin Americans of full or mainly sub-Saharan African ancestry.

See Mercosur and Afro–Latin Americans

Agence France-Presse

Agence France-Presse (AFP) is a French international news agency headquartered in Paris, France.

See Mercosur and Agence France-Presse

ALBA

ALBA or ALBA–TCP, formally the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra América) or the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Treaty (Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra América – Tratado de Comercio de los Pueblos), is an intergovernmental organization based on the idea of political and economic integration of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Mercosur and ALBA are intergovernmental organizations established by treaty, international organizations based in the Americas and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and ALBA

Aloysio Nunes

Aloysio Nunes Ferreira Filho (born 5 April 1945) is a Brazilian lawyer and politician.

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Amazon basin

The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.

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Amazon rainforest

The Amazon rainforest, also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.

See Mercosur and Amazon rainforest

Amazon River

The Amazon River (Río Amazonas, Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the longest or second-longest river system in the world, a title which is disputed with the Nile. The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century the Amazon basin's most distant source until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru.

See Mercosur and Amazon River

Andean Community

The Andean Community (Comunidad Andina, CAN) is a free trade area with the objective of creating a customs union comprising the South American countries (Andean states) of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Mercosur and Andean Community are customs unions, development in South America, economic policy in South America, economy of South America, free trade agreements, intergovernmental organizations established by treaty, international organizations based in the Americas, south American integration, Territorial entities in South America and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Andean Community

Andes

The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America.

See Mercosur and Andes

Angel Falls

Angel Falls (Salto Ángel; Pemon: Kerepakupai Merú or Parakupá Vená) is a waterfall in Venezuela.

See Mercosur and Angel Falls

Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent.

See Mercosur and Antarctica

Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.

See Mercosur and Argentina

Argentine Antarctica

Argentine Antarctica (Antártida Argentina or) is an area on Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory.

See Mercosur and Argentine Antarctica

Argentine Civil Wars

The Argentine Civil Wars were a series of civil conflicts of varying intensity that took place through the territories of Argentina from 1814 to 1853.

See Mercosur and Argentine Civil Wars

Argentine peso

The peso (established as the peso convertible) is the currency of Argentina since 1992, identified within Argentina by the symbol $ preceding the amount in the same way as many countries using peso or dollar currencies. Mercosur and Argentine peso are economy of Argentina.

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Asian people

Asian people (or Asians, sometimes referred to as Asiatic peopleUnited States National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings. 2004. November 17, 2006.: Asian Continental Ancestry Group is also used for categorical purposes.) are the people of the continent of Asia.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

See Mercosur and Associated Press

Asunción

Asunción is the capital and the largest city of Paraguay.

See Mercosur and Asunción

Atacama Desert

The Atacama Desert (Desierto de Atacama) is a desert plateau located on the Pacific coast of South America, in the north of Chile.

See Mercosur and Atacama Desert

Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, in the United States, just before 8:00a.m. (local time) on Sunday, December 7, 1941.

See Mercosur and Attack on Pearl Harbor

Axis powers

The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.

See Mercosur and BBC News

Bogotá

Bogotá (also), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá during the Spanish Colonial period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, and one of the largest cities in the world.

See Mercosur and Bogotá

Bolivia

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.

See Mercosur and Bolivia

Brasília

Brasília is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District, located in the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region.

See Mercosur and Brasília

Brazil

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and Latin America.

See Mercosur and Brazil

Brazilian Antarctica

Brazilian Antarctica (Antártida Brasileira or Antártica Brasileira) is the Antarctic territory south of 60°S, and from 28°W to 53°W, proposed as "Zone of Interest" by geopolitical scholar Therezinha de Castro.

See Mercosur and Brazilian Antarctica

Brazilian real

The Brazilian real (pl. reais; sign: R$; code: BRL) is the official currency of Brazil.

See Mercosur and Brazilian real

Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires, officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the capital and primate city of Argentina.

See Mercosur and Buenos Aires

Caracas

Caracas, officially Santiago de León de Caracas (CCS), is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, and the center of the Metropolitan Region of Caracas (or Greater Caracas).

See Mercosur and Caracas

Carlos Menem

Carlos Saúl Menem (2 July 1930 – 14 February 2021) was an Argentine lawyer and politician who served as the president of Argentina from 1989 to 1999.

See Mercosur and Carlos Menem

Central American Integration System

The Central American Integration System (Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, or SICA) has been the economic and political organization of Central American states since 1 February 1993. Mercosur and Central American Integration System are customs unions, intergovernmental organizations established by treaty, international organizations based in the Americas and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Central American Integration System

Central bank

A central bank, reserve bank, national bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union.

See Mercosur and Central bank

Chicago Journal of International Law

The Chicago Journal of International Law is a semiannual, student-edited law review published by the University of Chicago Law School since spring 2000.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America.

See Mercosur and Chile

Chilean Antarctic Territory

The Chilean Antarctic Territory, or Chilean Antarctica (Spanish: Territorio Chileno Antártico, Antártica Chilena), is a part of West Antarctica and nearby islands claimed by Chile.

See Mercosur and Chilean Antarctic Territory

Cisplatine War

The Cisplatine War was an armed conflict fought in the 1820s between the Empire of Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata over control of Brazil's Cisplatina province. Mercosur and Cisplatine War are Argentina–Brazil relations.

See Mercosur and Cisplatine War

Citizenship of the Mercosur

Citizenship of the Mercosur is granted to eligible citizens of the Southern Common Market member states.

See Mercosur and Citizenship of the Mercosur

Civil law (common law)

Civil law is a major "branch of the law", for example in common law legal systems such as those in England and Wales and in the United States, where it stands in contrast to criminal law.

See Mercosur and Civil law (common law)

Coat of arms

A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments).

See Mercosur and Coat of arms

Collateral contract

A collateral contract is usually a single term contract, made in consideration of the party for whose benefit the contract operates agreeing to enter into the principal or main contract, which sets out additional terms relating to the same subject matter as the main contract.

See Mercosur and Collateral contract

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.

See Mercosur and Colombia

Colonia (United States)

In the United States, a colonia is a type of unincorporated, low-income, slum area located along the Mexico–United States border region that emerged with the advent of shanty towns.

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Colonia del Sacramento

Colonia del Sacramento (Colônia do Sacramento) is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina.

See Mercosur and Colonia del Sacramento

Committee

A committee or commission is a body of one or more persons subordinate to a deliberative assembly or other form of organization.

See Mercosur and Committee

Common commercial policy

A common commercial policy involves several states coordinating some or all aspects of their trade policy.

See Mercosur and Common commercial policy

Common Era

Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.

See Mercosur and Common Era

Common external tariff

A common external tariff (CET) must be introduced when a group of countries forms a customs union. Mercosur and common external tariff are customs unions.

See Mercosur and Common external tariff

Community of Latin American and Caribbean States

The Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) is a regional bloc of Latin American and Caribbean states proposed on February 23, 2010, at the Rio Group–Caribbean Community Unity Summit, and created on December 3, 2011, in Caracas, Venezuela, with the signing of the Declaration of Caracas. Mercosur and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States are international organizations based in the Americas.

See Mercosur and Community of Latin American and Caribbean States

Congress

A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups.

See Mercosur and Congress

Consumer protection

Consumer protection is the practice of safeguarding buyers of goods and services, and the public, against unfair practices in the marketplace.

See Mercosur and Consumer protection

Copa Mercosur

The Copa Mercosur (Copa Mercosul, "Mercosur Cup") was a football competition played from 1998 to 2001 by the traditional top clubs from Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Chile.

See Mercosur and Copa Mercosur

Corrientes Province

Corrientes (‘currents’ or ‘streams’; Taragui), officially the Province of Corrientes (Provincia de Corrientes; Taragui Tetãmini) is a province in northeast Argentina, in the Mesopotamia region.

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Cost–benefit analysis

Cost–benefit analysis (CBA), sometimes also called benefit–cost analysis, is a systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives.

See Mercosur and Cost–benefit analysis

Council on Foreign Relations

The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international relations.

See Mercosur and Council on Foreign Relations

Crisis in Venezuela

An ongoing socioeconomic and political crisis began in Venezuela during the presidency of Hugo Chávez and has worsened during the presidency of successor Nicolás Maduro.

See Mercosur and Crisis in Venezuela

Customs union

A customs union is generally defined as a type of trade bloc which is composed of a free trade area with a common external tariff. Mercosur and customs union are customs unions and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Customs union

Danilo Astori

Danilo Ángel Astori Saragosa (23 April 1940 – 10 November 2023) was a Uruguayan social democratic politician who served as the 15th vice president of Uruguay from 2010 to 2015 under President José Mujica.

See Mercosur and Danilo Astori

Demographics of Africa

The population of Africa has grown rapidly over the past century and consequently shows a large youth bulge, further reinforced by a low life expectancy of below 50 years in some African countries.

See Mercosur and Demographics of Africa

Dilma Rousseff

Dilma Vana Rousseff (born 14 December 1947) is a Brazilian economist and politician who has been the Chair of the New Development Bank since March 2023.

See Mercosur and Dilma Rousseff

Dispute resolution

Dispute resolution or dispute settlement is the process of resolving disputes between parties.

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Domicile (law)

In law and conflict of laws, domicile is relevant to an individual's "personal law", which includes the law that governs a person's status and their property.

See Mercosur and Domicile (law)

Don Torcuato

Don Torcuato is a town in the Tigre Partido of the urban agglomeration of Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina.

See Mercosur and Don Torcuato

Ecuador

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

See Mercosur and Ecuador

Eladio Loizaga

Eladio Loizaga Caballero (born 17 March 1949) is a Paraguayan lawyer and diplomat.

See Mercosur and Eladio Loizaga

EU-Mercosur Association Agreement

The European Union–Mercosur free trade agreement is a proposed free trade agreement on which the European Union and Mercosur reached agreement in principle in 2019.

See Mercosur and EU-Mercosur Association Agreement

Eurasian Economic Union

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU or EEU)EAEU is the acronym used on the. Mercosur and Eurasian Economic Union are intergovernmental organizations established by treaty and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Eurasian Economic Union

The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organisation created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty.

See Mercosur and European Economic Community

European Free Trade Association

The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is a regional trade organization and free trade area consisting of four European states: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Mercosur and European Free Trade Association are intergovernmental organizations established by treaty and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and European Free Trade Association

European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. Mercosur and European Union are intergovernmental organizations established by treaty and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and European Union

Evo Morales

Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born 26 October 1959) is a Bolivian politician, trade union organizer, and former cocalero activist who served as the 65th president of Bolivia from 2006 to 2019.

See Mercosur and Evo Morales

Exchange rate

In finance, an exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another currency.

See Mercosur and Exchange rate

Fernando Collor de Mello

Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello (born 12 August 1949) is a Brazilian politician who served as the 32nd president of Brazil from 1990 to 1992, when he resigned in a failed attempt to stop his impeachment trial by the Brazilian Senate.

See Mercosur and Fernando Collor de Mello

Fernando Lugo

Fernando Armindo Lugo Méndez (born 30 May 1951) is a Paraguayan politician and laicized Catholic bishop who was President of Paraguay from 2008 to 2012.

See Mercosur and Fernando Lugo

First language

A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

See Mercosur and First language

Flag of Mercosur

The Flag of Mercosur is the official vexillological symbol of Mercosur.

See Mercosur and Flag of Mercosur

France 24

France 24 (vingt-quatre in French) is a French publicly-funded international news television network based in Paris.

See Mercosur and France 24

Free trade

Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports.

See Mercosur and Free trade

Free trade agreement

A free trade agreement (FTA) or treaty is an agreement according to international law to form a free-trade area between the cooperating states. Mercosur and free trade agreement are free trade agreements.

See Mercosur and Free trade agreement

Free trade area

A free trade area is the region encompassing a trade bloc whose member countries have signed a free trade agreement (FTA). Mercosur and free trade area are free trade agreements and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Free trade area

Free Trade Area of the Americas

The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA, or in Spanish-speaking countries the Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas, ALCA) was a proposed agreement to eliminate or reduce the trade barriers among all countries in the Americas, excluding Cuba. Mercosur and Free Trade Area of the Americas are foreign trade of Argentina and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Free Trade Area of the Americas

Free-trade zone

A free-trade zone (FTZ) is a class of special economic zone.

See Mercosur and Free-trade zone

Fungibility

In economics and law, fungibility is the property of a good or a commodity whose individual units are essentially interchangeable.

See Mercosur and Fungibility

Gaucho (currency)

The gaucho was a proposed currency intended to be used by Argentina and Brazil in the context of the Argentina-Brazil Integration and Economics Cooperation Program or PICE (Spanish: Programa de Integración y Cooperación Económica Argentina-Brasil) to make interregional payments.

See Mercosur and Gaucho (currency)

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is a legal agreement between many countries, whose overall purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas.

See Mercosur and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Georgetown, Guyana

Georgetown is the capital and largest city of Guyana.

See Mercosur and Georgetown, Guyana

Global city

A global city, also known as a power city, world city, alpha city, or world center, is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. The concept originates from geography and urban studies, based on the thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance, trade, and culture worldwide.

See Mercosur and Global city

Government agency

A government agency or 1 Branches, state agency, sometimes an appointed commission, is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the machinery of government (bureaucracy) that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions, such as an administration.

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Gran Chaco

The Gran Chaco or Dry Chaco is a sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland tropical dry broadleaf forest natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion of the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, where it is connected with the Pantanal region.

See Mercosur and Gran Chaco

Guarani language

Guarani, specifically the primary variety known as Paraguayan Guarani (avañeʼẽ "the people's language"), is a South American language that belongs to the Tupi–Guarani branch of the Tupian language family.

See Mercosur and Guarani language

Guyana

Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic mainland British West Indies. Guyana is an indigenous word which means "Land of Many Waters". Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the country's largest city.

See Mercosur and Guyana

Haitians

Haitians (French: Haïtiens, Ayisyen) are the citizens of Haiti and the descendants in the diaspora through direct parentage.

See Mercosur and Haitians

Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.

See Mercosur and Human Development Index

Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,.

See Mercosur and Human rights

Hydropower

Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines.

See Mercosur and Hydropower

Impeachment of Fernando Lugo

Fernando Lugo, elected President of Paraguay in 2008, was impeached and removed from office by the Congress of Paraguay in June 2012.

See Mercosur and Impeachment of Fernando Lugo

Indigenous peoples

There is no generally accepted definition of Indigenous peoples, although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territory, and an experience of subjugation and discrimination under a dominant cultural model.

See Mercosur and Indigenous peoples

Industrial property

Industrial property is one of two subsets of intellectual property (the other being copyright), it takes a range of forms, including patents for inventions, industrial designs (aesthetic creations related to the appearance of industrial products), trademarks, service marks, layout-designs of integrated circuits, commercial names and designations, geographical indications and protection against unfair competition.

See Mercosur and Industrial property

Intermediation refers to a process matching two sides of a market, such as buyers and sellers by an third party such as a broker, agent, or wholesaler.

See Mercosur and Intermediation

International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability. Mercosur and international Monetary Fund are intergovernmental organizations established by treaty.

See Mercosur and International Monetary Fund

International organization

An international organization, also known as an intergovernmental organization or an international institution, is an organization that is established by a treaty or other type of instrument governed by international law and possesses its own legal personality, such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization, International Union for Conservation of Nature, and NATO.

See Mercosur and International organization

José Raúl Mulino

José Raúl Mulino Quintero (born 13 June 1959) is a Panamanian politician, diplomat and lawyer currently serving as the 39th President of Panama since 2024.

See Mercosur and José Raúl Mulino

José Sarney

José Sarney de Araújo Costa (born José Ribamar Ferreira de Araújo Costa; 24 April 1930) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and writer who served as 31st president of Brazil from 1985 to 1990.

See Mercosur and José Sarney

Juan Guaidó

Juan Gerardo Antonio Guaidó Márquez (born 28 July 1983) is a Venezuelan opposition politician.

See Mercosur and Juan Guaidó

Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

See Mercosur and Köppen climate classification

La Paz

La Paz, officially Nuestra Señora de La Paz, is the seat of government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

See Mercosur and La Paz

Lake Titicaca

Lake Titicaca (Lago Titicaca; Titiqaqa Qucha) is a large freshwater lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru.

See Mercosur and Lake Titicaca

Language policy

Language policy is both an interdisciplinary academic field and implementation of ideas about language use.

See Mercosur and Language policy

Latin American Free Trade Association

The Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA, (later transformed into the Latin American Integration Association, Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración, Associação Latino-Americana de Integração) was created in the 1960 Treaty of Montevideo by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. Mercosur and Latin American Free Trade Association are trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Latin American Free Trade Association

Latin American Integration Association

The Latin American Integration Association / Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración / Associação Latino-Americana de Integração (LAIA / ALADI) is an international and regional scope organization. Mercosur and Latin American Integration Association are international organizations based in the Americas and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Latin American Integration Association

Latinobarómetro

Latinobarómetro Corporation is a private non-profit organization, based in Providencia, Chile.

See Mercosur and Latinobarómetro

Lima

Lima, founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes (Spanish for "City of Kings"), is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean.

See Mercosur and Lima

List of countries and dependencies by area

This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.

See Mercosur and List of countries and dependencies by area

List of countries and dependencies by population

This is a list of countries and dependencies by population.

See Mercosur and List of countries and dependencies by population

List of countries and dependencies by population density

This is a list of countries and dependencies ranked by population density, sorted by inhabitants per square kilometre or square mile.

See Mercosur and List of countries and dependencies by population density

List of countries by exports

The following article lists different countries and territories by their exports according to data from the World Bank.

See Mercosur and List of countries by exports

List of countries by GDP (nominal)

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.

See Mercosur and List of countries by GDP (nominal)

List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita

The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.

See Mercosur and List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita

List of countries by GDP (PPP)

GDP (PPP) means gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity.

See Mercosur and List of countries by GDP (PPP)

List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year.

See Mercosur and List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

List of countries by Human Development Index

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) compiles the Human Development Index (HDI) of 193 nations in the annual Human Development Report.

See Mercosur and List of countries by Human Development Index

List of countries by imports

This is a list of countries by imports, based on the International Trade Centre, except for the European Union.

See Mercosur and List of countries by imports

List of country groupings

Groups of countries or regions are often referred to by a single term (word, phrase, or abbreviation).

See Mercosur and List of country groupings

List of multilateral free trade agreements

A multilateral free trade agreement is between several countries all treated equally, and creates a free trade area. Mercosur and List of multilateral free trade agreements are free trade agreements and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and List of multilateral free trade agreements

List of waterfalls by height

The following are lists of waterfalls in the world by height, classified into two categories — natural and artificial.

See Mercosur and List of waterfalls by height

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (born Luiz Inácio da Silva; 27 October 1945), also known as Lula da Silva or simply Lula, is a Brazilian politician who is the 39th and current president of Brazil since 2023.

See Mercosur and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

Macroeconomics

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole.

See Mercosur and Macroeconomics

Manaus

Manaus is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Amazonas.

See Mercosur and Manaus

Market access

In international trade, market access refers to a company's ability to enter a foreign market by selling its goods and services in another country.

See Mercosur and Market access

Mauricio Macri

Mauricio Macri (born 8 February 1959) is an Argentine businessman and politician who served as the President of Argentina from 2015 to 2019.

See Mercosur and Mauricio Macri

Mercosur Parliament

The Mercosur Parliament (Parlamento del Mercosur, Parlamento do Mercosul), known also as Parlasur, or Parlasul, is the parliamentary institution of the Mercosur trade bloc.

See Mercosur and Mercosur Parliament

Mestizo

Mestizo (fem. mestiza, literally 'mixed person') is a person of mixed European and Indigenous non-European ancestry in the former Spanish Empire.

See Mercosur and Mestizo

Mexico

Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.

See Mercosur and Mexico

Mexico City

Mexico City (Ciudad de México,; abbr.: CDMX; Central Nahuatl:,; Otomi) is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America.

See Mercosur and Mexico City

Michel Temer

Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia (born 23 September 1940) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and writer who served as the 37th president of Brazil from 31 August 2016 to 1 January 2019.

See Mercosur and Michel Temer

Ministry of finance

A ministry of finance is a ministry or other government agency in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation.

See Mercosur and Ministry of finance

Ministry of foreign affairs

In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad.

See Mercosur and Ministry of foreign affairs

Montevideo

Montevideo is the capital and largest city of Uruguay.

See Mercosur and Montevideo

National Assembly (Venezuela)

The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) is the legislature for Venezuela that was first elected in 2000.

See Mercosur and National Assembly (Venezuela)

Nationalization

Nationalization (nationalisation in British English) is the process of transforming privately-owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state.

See Mercosur and Nationalization

New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

See Mercosur and New Zealand

Nicolás Maduro

Nicolás Maduro Moros (born 23 November 1962) is a Venezuelan politician who has served as the 53rd President of Venezuela since 2013.

See Mercosur and Nicolás Maduro

North American Free Trade Agreement

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA; Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, TLCAN; Accord de libre-échange nord-américain, ALÉNA) was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a trilateral trade bloc in North America. Mercosur and North American Free Trade Agreement are international organizations based in the Americas and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and North American Free Trade Agreement

Order of succession

An order, line or right of succession is the line of individuals necessitated to hold a high office when it becomes vacated, such as head of state or an honour such as a title of nobility.

See Mercosur and Order of succession

Pacific Alliance

The Pacific Alliance (Alianza del Pacífico) is a Latin American trade bloc, formed by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, which all border the Pacific Ocean. Mercosur and Pacific Alliance are international organizations based in the Americas.

See Mercosur and Pacific Alliance

Paraguay

Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay (República del Paraguay; Paraguái Tavakuairetã), is a landlocked country in South America.

See Mercosur and Paraguay

Paraguayan guaraní

The guaraní (plural: guaraníes; sign: ₲; code: PYG) is the national currency unit of Paraguay.

See Mercosur and Paraguayan guaraní

Paraguayan War

The Paraguayan War, also known as the War of the Triple Alliance, was a South American war that lasted from 1864 to 1870. Mercosur and Paraguayan War are Argentina–Brazil relations.

See Mercosur and Paraguayan War

Paramaribo

Paramaribo (nicknamed Par'bo) is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District.

See Mercosur and Paramaribo

Peru

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River.

See Mercosur and Peru

Polar climate

The polar climate regions are characterized by a lack of warm summers but with varying winters.

See Mercosur and Polar climate

Portuguese language

Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family originating from the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

See Mercosur and Portuguese language

President pro tempore of Mercosur

The President pro tempore of Mercosur (PPT) is the highest legal-political representative pro tempore of the Southern Common Market (Mercosul).

See Mercosur and President pro tempore of Mercosur

Privilege (law)

A privilege is a certain entitlement to immunity granted by the state or another authority to a restricted group, either by birth or on a conditional basis.

See Mercosur and Privilege (law)

Protocol of Ouro Preto

The 1994 Protocol of Ouro Preto was the continuation of economic policies setting up a customs union, as set forth four years earlier in the Treaty of Asunción by the four original Mercosur states, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Mercosur and Protocol of Ouro Preto are Argentina–Brazil relations.

See Mercosur and Protocol of Ouro Preto

Public

In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings.

See Mercosur and Public

Public law

Public law is the part of law that governs relations and affairs between legal persons and a government, between different institutions within a state, between different branches of governments, as well as relationships between persons that are of direct concern to society.

See Mercosur and Public law

Puerto Toro

Puerto Toro is a hamlet on the eastern coast of Navarino Island, Chile.

See Mercosur and Puerto Toro

Purchasing power parity

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies.

See Mercosur and Purchasing power parity

Quito

Quito (Kitu), officially San Francisco de Quito, is the capital of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its metropolitan area.

See Mercosur and Quito

Raúl Alfonsín

Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín (12 March 1927 – 31 March 2009) was an Argentine lawyer and statesman who served as President of Argentina from 10 December 1983 to 8 July 1989.

See Mercosur and Raúl Alfonsín

Ragamuffin War

The Ragamuffin War or Ragamuffin Revolution (Portuguese: Guerra dos Farrapos or Revolução Farroupilha) was a Republican uprising that began in southern Brazil, in the province (current state) of Rio Grande do Sul in 1835.

See Mercosur and Ragamuffin War

Ratification

Ratification is a principal's legal confirmation of an act of its agent.

See Mercosur and Ratification

Río de la Plata Basin

The Río de la Plata basin (Cuenca del Plata, Bacia do Prata), more often called the River Plate basin in scholarly writings, sometimes called the Platine basin or Platine region, is the hydrographical area in South America that drains to the Río de la Plata.

See Mercosur and Río de la Plata Basin

Regional integration

Regional Integration is a process in which neighboring countries enter into an agreement in order to upgrade cooperation through common institutions and rules.

See Mercosur and Regional integration

Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

See Mercosur and Rio de Janeiro

Road Network of the MERCOSUR

The road network of the MERCOSUR (Eje Vial Cono Sur), is a network of roads and highways in South America, that constitute a transnational system and links Mercosur main cities and access points.

See Mercosur and Road Network of the MERCOSUR

Rules of origin

Rules of origin are the rules to attribute a country of origin to a product in order to determine its "economic nationality".

See Mercosur and Rules of origin

Santa Fe, Argentina

Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz (usually called just Santa Fe, lit. "Holy Faith") is the capital city of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina.

See Mercosur and Santa Fe, Argentina

Santiago

Santiago, also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile and one of the largest cities in the Americas.

See Mercosur and Santiago

Santiago Peña

Santiago Peña Palacios (born 16 November 1978) is a Paraguayan politician and economist who is the 52nd and current president of Paraguay since 2023.

See Mercosur and Santiago Peña

São Paulo

São Paulo is the most populous city in Brazil and the capital of the state of São Paulo.

See Mercosur and São Paulo

Sergey Lavrov

Sergey Viktorovich Lavrov (Сергей Викторович Лавров; born 21 March 1950) is a Russian diplomat who has served as the foreign minister of Russia since 2004.

See Mercosur and Sergey Lavrov

Single market

A single market, sometimes called common market or internal market, is a type of trade bloc in which most trade barriers have been removed (for goods) with some common policies on product regulation, and freedom of movement of the factors of production (capital and labour) and of enterprise and services.

See Mercosur and Single market

Socioeconomics

Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes.

See Mercosur and Socioeconomics

South America

South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

See Mercosur and South America

Southern Cone

The Southern Cone (Cono Sur, Cone Sul) is a geographical and cultural subregion composed of the southernmost areas of South America, mostly south of the Tropic of Capricorn.

See Mercosur and Southern Cone

Sovereign state

A sovereign state is a state that has the highest authority over a territory.

See Mercosur and Sovereign state

Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

See Mercosur and Spanish language

State of Palestine

Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in the southern Levant region of West Asia, encompassing the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, within the larger historic Palestine region.

See Mercosur and State of Palestine

Subtropics

The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics.

See Mercosur and Subtropics

Sucre

Sucre is the de jure capital city of Bolivia, the capital of the Chuquisaca Department and the sixth most populous city in Bolivia.

See Mercosur and Sucre

Supranational union

A supranational union is a type of international organization and political union that is empowered to directly exercise some of the powers and functions otherwise reserved to states.

See Mercosur and Supranational union

Suriname

Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname (Republiek Suriname), is a country in northern South America, sometimes considered part of the Caribbean and the West Indies.

See Mercosur and Suriname

Territory

A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

See Mercosur and Territory

The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

See Mercosur and The Independent

The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

See Mercosur and The New York Times

Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

Tierra del Fuego (Spanish for "Land of Fire"), officially the Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands (Spanish: Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur), is the southernmost, smallest, and least populous Argentine province.

See Mercosur and Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

Trade bloc

A trade bloc is a type of intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization, where barriers to trade (tariffs and others) are reduced or eliminated among the participating states. Mercosur and trade bloc are trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Trade bloc

Trade in services

Trade in Services refers to the sale and delivery of an intangible product, called a service, between a producer and consumer.

See Mercosur and Trade in services

Treaty of Asunción

The Treaty of Asunción was a treaty between the countries of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay signed on March 26, 1991. Mercosur and treaty of Asunción are Argentina–Brazil relations and economy of South America.

See Mercosur and Treaty of Asunción

Tropical climate

Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A. Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of or higher in the coolest month, featuring hot temperatures and high humidity all year-round.

See Mercosur and Tropical climate

Union of South American Nations

The Union of South American Nations (USAN), sometimes also referred to as the South American Union, abbreviated in Spanish as UNASUR and in Portuguese as UNASUL, is an intergovernmental regional organization. Mercosur and Union of South American Nations are development in South America, economic policy in South America, economy of South America, intergovernmental organizations established by treaty, international organizations based in the Americas, south American integration, Territorial entities in South America and trade blocs.

See Mercosur and Union of South American Nations

United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.

See Mercosur and United Nations Development Programme

The United Socialist Party of Venezuela (Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela, PSUV) is a left-wing to far-left socialist political party which has been the ruling party of Venezuela since 2007.

See Mercosur and United Socialist Party of Venezuela

United States dollar

The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD; also abbreviated US$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries.

See Mercosur and United States dollar

Uruguay

Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America.

See Mercosur and Uruguay

Uruguayan Civil War

The Uruguayan Civil War, also known in Spanish as the Guerra Grande ("Great War"), was a series of armed conflicts between the leaders of Uruguayan independence.

See Mercosur and Uruguayan Civil War

Uruguayan peso

Uruguayan peso (peso uruguayo) has been a name of the Uruguayan currency since Uruguay's settlement by Europeans. Mercosur and Uruguayan peso are economy of Uruguay.

See Mercosur and Uruguayan peso

Venezuela

Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea.

See Mercosur and Venezuela

Venezuelan presidential crisis

The Venezuelan presidential crisis was a political crisis concerning the leadership and the legitimate president of Venezuela between 2019 and 2023, with the nation and the world divided in support for Nicolás Maduro or Juan Guaidó.

See Mercosur and Venezuelan presidential crisis

Wellington

Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand.

See Mercosur and Wellington

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Mercosur and World War II

Xi Jinping

Xi Jinping (or often;, pronounced; born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician who has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), and thus the paramount leader of China, since 2012.

See Mercosur and Xi Jinping

1998–2002 Argentine great depression

The 1998–2002 Argentine great depression was an economic depression in Argentina, which began in the third quarter of 1998 and lasted until the second quarter of 2002.

See Mercosur and 1998–2002 Argentine great depression

2016 Summer Olympics

The 2016 Summer Olympics (Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016), officially the Games of the XXXI Olympiad (Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada) and officially branded as Rio 2016, were an international multi-sport event held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August.

See Mercosur and 2016 Summer Olympics

2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election

Constituent Assembly elections were held in Venezuela on 30 July 2017 to elect the members of the 2017 Constituent National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional Constituyente; ANC).

See Mercosur and 2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election

2018 Venezuelan presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Venezuela on 20 May 2018, with incumbent Nicolás Maduro being declared re-elected for a second six-year term.

See Mercosur and 2018 Venezuelan presidential election

4th Summit of the Americas

The 4th Summit of the Americas was held at Mar del Plata, about southeast of Buenos Aires in Argentina, on November 4–5, 2005.

See Mercosur and 4th Summit of the Americas

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercosur

Also known as Common Commercial Policy (MERCOSUR), MERCOSUL, Mercado Comum do Sul, Mercado Común del Sur, Mercasur, Mercocity, Mercosur.int, Mercusor, Mercusur, Southern Common Market, Southern Cone Common Market, Ñemby Ñemuha.

, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Congress, Consumer protection, Copa Mercosur, Corrientes Province, Cost–benefit analysis, Council on Foreign Relations, Crisis in Venezuela, Customs union, Danilo Astori, Demographics of Africa, Dilma Rousseff, Dispute resolution, Domicile (law), Don Torcuato, Ecuador, Eladio Loizaga, EU-Mercosur Association Agreement, Eurasian Economic Union, European Economic Community, European Free Trade Association, European Union, Evo Morales, Exchange rate, Fernando Collor de Mello, Fernando Lugo, First language, Flag of Mercosur, France 24, Free trade, Free trade agreement, Free trade area, Free Trade Area of the Americas, Free-trade zone, Fungibility, Gaucho (currency), General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Georgetown, Guyana, Global city, Government agency, Gran Chaco, Guarani language, Guyana, Haitians, Human Development Index, Human rights, Hydropower, Impeachment of Fernando Lugo, Indigenous peoples, Industrial property, Intermediation, International Monetary Fund, International organization, José Raúl Mulino, José Sarney, Juan Guaidó, Köppen climate classification, La Paz, Lake Titicaca, Language policy, Latin American Free Trade Association, Latin American Integration Association, Latinobarómetro, Lima, List of countries and dependencies by area, List of countries and dependencies by population, List of countries and dependencies by population density, List of countries by exports, List of countries by GDP (nominal), List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita, List of countries by GDP (PPP), List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita, List of countries by Human Development Index, List of countries by imports, List of country groupings, List of multilateral free trade agreements, List of waterfalls by height, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Macroeconomics, Manaus, Market access, Mauricio Macri, Mercosur Parliament, Mestizo, Mexico, Mexico City, Michel Temer, Ministry of finance, Ministry of foreign affairs, Montevideo, National Assembly (Venezuela), Nationalization, New Zealand, Nicolás Maduro, North American Free Trade Agreement, Order of succession, Pacific Alliance, Paraguay, Paraguayan guaraní, Paraguayan War, Paramaribo, Peru, Polar climate, Portuguese language, President pro tempore of Mercosur, Privilege (law), Protocol of Ouro Preto, Public, Public law, Puerto Toro, Purchasing power parity, Quito, Raúl Alfonsín, Ragamuffin War, Ratification, Río de la Plata Basin, Regional integration, Rio de Janeiro, Road Network of the MERCOSUR, Rules of origin, Santa Fe, Argentina, Santiago, Santiago Peña, São Paulo, Sergey Lavrov, Single market, Socioeconomics, South America, Southern Cone, Sovereign state, Spanish language, State of Palestine, Subtropics, Sucre, Supranational union, Suriname, Territory, The Independent, The New York Times, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, Trade bloc, Trade in services, Treaty of Asunción, Tropical climate, Union of South American Nations, United Nations Development Programme, United Socialist Party of Venezuela, United States dollar, Uruguay, Uruguayan Civil War, Uruguayan peso, Venezuela, Venezuelan presidential crisis, Wellington, World War II, Xi Jinping, 1998–2002 Argentine great depression, 2016 Summer Olympics, 2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, 2018 Venezuelan presidential election, 4th Summit of the Americas.

Mercosur, the Glossary

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