Mesotheriidae, the Glossary
Mesotheriidae ("Middle Beasts") is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pleistocene of South America.[1]
Table of Contents
63 relations: Altiplano, Altitypotherium, Apomorphy and synapomorphy, Archaeohyracidae, Archaeopithecidae, Biomechanics, Bolivia, Burrow, Cenozoic, Chile, Claw, Dentition, Eocene, Eotypotherium, Extinction, Family (biology), Fauna, Fiandraia, First appearance datum, Glires, Hegetotheriidae, Hip bone, Hypsitherium, Hypsodont, Incisor, Interatheriidae, Lagomorpha, Latitude, Mammal, Mesotheriidae, Mesotherium, Miocene, Molar (tooth), Notoungulata, Oldfieldthomasiidae, Oligocene, Order (biology), Paraphyly, Patagonia, Pelvis, Pleistocene, Plesiotypotherium, Pliocene, Premolar, Pseudotypotherium, Quaternary, Rodent, Root, Sacrum, Sesamoid bone, ... Expand index (13 more) »
- Chattian first appearances
- Oligocene mammals
- Pleistocene mammals
- Pliocene notoungulates
Altiplano
The Altiplano (Spanish for "high plain"), Collao (Quechua and Aymara: Qullaw, meaning "place of the Qulla") or Andean Plateau, in west-central South America, is the most extensive high plateau on Earth outside Tibet.
See Mesotheriidae and Altiplano
Altitypotherium
Altitypotherium is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. Mesotheriidae and Altitypotherium are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Altitypotherium
Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy).
See Mesotheriidae and Apomorphy and synapomorphy
Archaeohyracidae
Archaeohyracidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Paleocene through the Oligocene of South America. Mesotheriidae and Archaeohyracidae are Oligocene mammals, Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Archaeohyracidae
Archaeopithecidae
Archaeopithecidae is an extinct family comprising two genera of notoungulate mammals, Teratopithecus and Archaeopithecus, both known from the Eocene of Argentina. Mesotheriidae and Archaeopithecidae are Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Archaeopithecidae
Biomechanics
Biomechanics is the study of the structure, function and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems, at any level from whole organisms to organs, cells and cell organelles, using the methods of mechanics.
See Mesotheriidae and Biomechanics
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America.
Burrow
An eastern chipmunk at the entrance of its burrow A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion.
Cenozoic
The Cenozoic is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66million years of Earth's history.
See Mesotheriidae and Cenozoic
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America.
Claw
A claw is a curved, pointed appendage found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds).
Dentition
Dentition pertains to the development of teeth and their arrangement in the mouth.
See Mesotheriidae and Dentition
Eocene
The Eocene is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma).
Eotypotherium
Eotypotherium is an extinct genus of mammal, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. Mesotheriidae and Eotypotherium are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Eotypotherium
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.
See Mesotheriidae and Extinction
Family (biology)
Family (familia,: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.
See Mesotheriidae and Family (biology)
Fauna
Fauna (faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time.
Fiandraia
Fiandraia is an extinct monotypic genus of notoungulate that lived in Uruguay during the Oligocene and the Early Miocene. Mesotheriidae and Fiandraia are Miocene mammals of South America.
See Mesotheriidae and Fiandraia
First appearance datum
First appearance datum (FAD) is a term used by geologists and paleontologists to designate the first appearance of a species in the geologic record.
See Mesotheriidae and First appearance datum
Glires
Glires (Latin glīrēs 'dormice') is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (rabbits, hares, and pikas).
Hegetotheriidae
Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America. Mesotheriidae and Hegetotheriidae are Miocene mammals of South America, Oligocene mammals, Pliocene notoungulates, Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Hegetotheriidae
Hip bone
The hip bone (os coxae, innominate bone, pelvic bone or coxal bone) is a large flat bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below.
See Mesotheriidae and Hip bone
Hypsitherium
Hypsitherium is an extinct genus of Mesotheriidae that lived 4.0 to 3 million years ago. Mesotheriidae and Hypsitherium are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Hypsitherium
Hypsodont
Hypsodont is a pattern of dentition with high-crowned teeth and enamel extending past the gum line, providing extra material for wear and tear.
See Mesotheriidae and Hypsodont
Incisor
Incisors (from Latin incidere, "to cut") are the front teeth present in most mammals.
Interatheriidae
Interatheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals from South America. Mesotheriidae and Interatheriidae are Pleistocene extinctions, Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Interatheriidae
Lagomorpha
The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families: the Leporidae (rabbits and hares) and the Ochotonidae (pikas).
See Mesotheriidae and Lagomorpha
Latitude
In geography, latitude is a coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body.
See Mesotheriidae and Latitude
Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
Mesotheriidae
Mesotheriidae ("Middle Beasts") is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pleistocene of South America. Mesotheriidae and Mesotheriidae are Chattian first appearances, Miocene mammals of South America, Oligocene mammals, Pleistocene extinctions, Pleistocene mammals, Pliocene notoungulates, Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Mesotheriidae
Mesotherium
Mesotherium ("Middle Beast") is an extinct genus of mesotheriid, a long-lasting family of superficially rodent-like, burrowing notoungulates from South America. Mesotheriidae and Mesotherium are Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Mesotherium
Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth.
See Mesotheriidae and Molar (tooth)
Notoungulata
Notoungulata is an extinct order of ungulates that inhabited South America from the early Paleocene to the end of the Pleistocene, living from approximately 61 million to 11,000 years ago. Mesotheriidae and Notoungulata are Pleistocene extinctions.
See Mesotheriidae and Notoungulata
Oldfieldthomasiidae
Oldfieldthomasiidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Late Paleocene to Late Eocene of South America. Mesotheriidae and Oldfieldthomasiidae are Prehistoric mammal families and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Oldfieldthomasiidae
Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.
See Mesotheriidae and Oligocene
Order (biology)
Order (ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.
See Mesotheriidae and Order (biology)
Paraphyly
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages.
See Mesotheriidae and Paraphyly
Patagonia
Patagonia is a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile.
See Mesotheriidae and Patagonia
Pelvis
The pelvis (pelves or pelvises) is the lower part of the trunk, between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region), together with its embedded skeleton (sometimes also called bony pelvis or pelvic skeleton).
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often referred to colloquially as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
See Mesotheriidae and Pleistocene
Plesiotypotherium
Plesiotypotherium is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived from the Middle to the Late Miocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in South America. Mesotheriidae and Plesiotypotherium are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Plesiotypotherium
Pliocene
The Pliocene (also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years ago.
See Mesotheriidae and Pliocene
Premolar
The premolars, also called premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth.
See Mesotheriidae and Premolar
Pseudotypotherium
Pseudotypotherium is an extinct genus of Notoungulates, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. Mesotheriidae and Pseudotypotherium are Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Pseudotypotherium
Quaternary
The Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
See Mesotheriidae and Quaternary
Rodent
Rodents (from Latin rodere, 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.
Root
In vascular plants, the roots are the organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster.
Sacrum
The sacrum (sacra or sacrums), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1S5) between ages 18 and 30.
Sesamoid bone
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle.
See Mesotheriidae and Sesamoid bone
Sheep
Sheep (sheep) or domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are a domesticated, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.
Skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals.
See Mesotheriidae and Skeleton
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.
See Mesotheriidae and South America
Tooth
A tooth (teeth) is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food.
Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish.
See Mesotheriidae and Tooth enamel
Toxodontidae
Toxodontidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals, known from the Oligocene to the Holocene (11,000 BP) of South America, with one genus, Mixotoxodon, also known from the Pleistocene of Central America and southern North America (as far north as Texas). Mesotheriidae and Toxodontidae are Chattian first appearances, Miocene mammals of South America, Oligocene mammals, Pliocene notoungulates and Prehistoric mammal families.
See Mesotheriidae and Toxodontidae
Trachytherus
Trachytherus is an extinct genus of mesotheriid notoungulate that lived from the Late Oligocene to the Early Miocene in what is now South America. Mesotheriidae and Trachytherus are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Trachytherus
Tropics
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator.
Tuber
Tubers are a type of enlarged structure that plants use as storage organs for nutrients, derived from stems or roots.
Typotheria
Typotheria is a suborder of the extinct mammalian order Notoungulata and includes five families: Archaeopithecidae, Campanorcidae, Interatheriidae, Mesotheriidae, and Oldfieldthomasiidae. Mesotheriidae and Typotheria are Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Typotheria
Typotheriopsis
Typotheriopsis is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the family Mesotheriidae, which included several small sized Meridiungulates specialized in digging. Mesotheriidae and Typotheriopsis are Miocene mammals of South America and Typotheres.
See Mesotheriidae and Typotheriopsis
Vertebra
Each vertebra (vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates.
See Mesotheriidae and Vertebra
Wombat
Wombats are short-legged, muscular quadrupedal marsupials of the family Vombatidae that are native to Australia.
See also
Chattian first appearances
- Bairdemys
- Balbaridae
- Cephalomyidae
- Chattian
- Deinotheriidae
- Diprotodontidae
- Eomysticetidae
- Gryposuchinae
- Hemicyoninae
- Ilariidae
- Leptaucheniinae
- Mammalodontidae
- Mesotheriidae
- Mylagaulidae
- Noriphoca
- Palorchestidae
- Protypotherium
- Scelidotheriidae
- Squalodontidae
- Thylacinidae
- Thylacoleonidae
- Toxodontidae
- Vombatiformes
Oligocene mammals
- Archaeohyracidae
- Arsinoitheriidae
- Bonapartherium
- Cornwallius
- Dermotherium
- Desmostylidae
- Embrithopoda
- Hegetotheriidae
- Homalodotheriidae
- Hyaenodon
- Hyainailouridae
- Leptictis
- Mesotheriidae
- Necromanis
- Neoplagiaulacidae
- Notohippidae
- Palaeolagus
- Peratherium
- Proscalops
- Toxodontidae
Pleistocene mammals
- Coats–Hines site
- Mesotheriidae
- Toxodontia
Pliocene notoungulates
- Hegetotheriidae
- Mesotheriidae
- Toxodontia
- Toxodontidae
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesotheriidae
Also known as Mesotheriinae.
, Sheep, Skeleton, South America, Tooth, Tooth enamel, Toxodontidae, Trachytherus, Tropics, Tuber, Typotheria, Typotheriopsis, Vertebra, Wombat.