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Messiah (Handel), the Glossary

Messiah (HWV 56) is an English-language oratorio composed in 1741 by George Frideric Handel.^[1]

253 relations: Act of Settlement 1701, Adrian Boult, Advent, Alan Blyth, Alex Ross (music critic), Alexander's Feast (Handel), Allan Kozinn, Ambrosian Singers, Andrew Davis (conductor), Andrew Parrott, Annunciation to the shepherds, Anthony Hicks, Aria, Ascension of Jesus, Athalia (Handel), Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir, Autograph (manuscript), B-flat major, B-flat minor, Balliol College, Oxford, Bar (music), Bass (voice type), Basso continuo, Bassoon, Bärenreiter, BBC, Berlin Cathedral, Bernd Baselt, Biblical Hebrew, Book of Common Prayer, Boy soprano, Brandenburg–Prussia, British Library, Cantus firmus, Caterina Galli, Cello, Chandos Records, Chapel Royal, Charles Burney, Charles Jennens, Charles Mackerras, Choir of King's College, Cambridge, Christ (title), Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, Christian theology, Christina Maria Avoglio, Christoph Daniel Ebeling, Christopher Hogwood, Church of England, Clarinet, ... Expand index (203 more) »
1742 in Ireland
1742 oratorios
Music for Easter
Oratorios based on the Bible
Oratorios by George Frideric Handel

Act of Settlement 1701

The Act of Settlement (12 & 13 Will. 3. c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of England that settled the succession to the English and Irish crowns to only Protestants, which passed in 1701.

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Adrian Boult

Sir Adrian Cedric Boult, CH (8 April 1889 – 22 February 1983) was a British conductor.

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Advent is a season observed in most Christian denominations as a time of expectant waiting and preparation for both the celebration of the Nativity of Christ at Christmas and the return of Christ at the Second Coming.

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Alan Blyth

Geoffrey Alan Blyth (27 July 1929 – 14 August 2007) was an English music critic, author, and musicologist who was particularly known for his writings within the field of opera.

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Alex Ross (music critic)

Alex Ross (born January 12, 1968) is an American music critic and author who specializes in classical music.

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Alexander's Feast (Handel)

Alexander's Feast (HWV 75) is an ode with music by George Frideric Handel set to a libretto by Newburgh Hamilton. Messiah (Handel) and Alexander's Feast (Handel) are oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Allan Kozinn

Allan Kozinn (born July 28, 1954) is an American journalist, music critic, and teacher.

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Ambrosian Singers

The Ambrosian Singers are an English choral group based in London.

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Andrew Davis (conductor)

Sir Andrew Frank Davis (2 February 1944 – 20 April 2024) was an English conductor.

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Andrew Parrott

Andrew Parrott (born 10 March 1947) is a British conductor, perhaps best known for his pioneering "historically informed performances" of pre-classical music.

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Annunciation to the shepherds

The annunciation to the shepherds is an episode in the Nativity of Jesus described in the Bible in Luke 2, in which angels tell a group of shepherds about the birth of Jesus.

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Anthony Hicks

Anthony Hicks (26 June 1943 – 26 May 2010) was a Welsh musicologist, music critic, editor, and writer.

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Aria

In music, an aria (arie,; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta,;: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

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Ascension of Jesus

The Ascension of Jesus (anglicized from the Vulgate lit) is the Christian belief, reflected in the major Christian creeds and confessional statements, that Jesus ascended to Heaven after his resurrection, where he was exalted as Lord and Christ, sitting at the right hand of God.

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Athalia (Handel)

Athalia (HWV 52) is an English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel to a libretto by Samuel Humphreys based on the play Athalie by Jean Racine. Messiah (Handel) and Athalia (Handel) are oratorios based on the Bible and oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir

"italic" (From deep affliction I cry out to you), originally "italic", later also "italic", is a Lutheran hymn of 1524, with words written by Martin Luther as a paraphrase of Psalm 130.

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Autograph (manuscript)

An autograph or holograph is a manuscript or document written in its author's or composer's hand.

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B-flat major

B-flat major is a major scale based on flat, with pitches B, C, D, flat, F, G, and A. Its key signature has two flats.

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B-flat minor

B-flat minor is a minor scale based on flat, consisting of the pitches B, C, flat, flat, F, flat, and flat.

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Balliol College, Oxford

Balliol College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford.

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Bar (music)

In musical notation, a bar (or measure) is a segment of music bounded by vertical lines, known as bar lines (or barlines), usually indicating one of more recurring beats. The length of the bar, measured by the number of note values it contains, is normally indicated by the time signature.

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Bass (voice type)

A bass is a type of classical male singing voice and has the lowest vocal range of all voice types.

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Basso continuo

Basso continuo parts, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), provided the harmonic structure of the music by supplying a bassline and a chord progression.

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Bassoon

The bassoon is a musical instrument in the woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and bass ranges.

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Bärenreiter

Bärenreiter (Bärenreiter-Verlag) is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.

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Berlin Cathedral

Berlin Cathedral (Berliner Dom), also known as the Evangelical Supreme Parish and Collegiate Church, is a monumental German Protestant church and dynastic tomb (House of Hohenzollern) on the Museum Island in central Berlin.

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Bernd Baselt

Bernd Baselt (13 September 1934 – 18 October 1993) was a German musicologist noted for his works on the Baroque composer George Frideric Handel.

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Biblical Hebrew

Biblical Hebrew (rtl ʿīḇrîṯ miqrāʾîṯ or rtl ləšôn ham-miqrāʾ), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of the Hebrew language, a language in the Canaanitic branch of the Semitic languages spoken by the Israelites in the area known as the Land of Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.

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Book of Common Prayer

The Book of Common Prayer (BCP) is the name given to a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion and by other Christian churches historically related to Anglicanism.

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Boy soprano

A male soprano (British and especially North American English) or boy treble (only British English) is a young male singer with a voice in the soprano range, a range that is often still called the treble voice range (in North America too) no matter how old.

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Brandenburg–Prussia

Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen) is the historiographic denomination for the early modern realm of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollerns between 1618 and 1701.

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British Library

The British Library is a research library in London that is the national library of the United Kingdom.

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Cantus firmus

In music, a cantus firmus ("fixed melody") is a pre-existing melody forming the basis of a polyphonic composition.

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Caterina Galli

Caterina Galli (c. 1723 – 1804) was an Italian operatic mezzo-soprano.

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Cello

The violoncello, often simply abbreviated as cello, is a bowed (sometimes plucked and occasionally hit) string instrument of the violin family.

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Chandos Records

Chandos Records is a British independent classical music recording company based in Colchester.

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Chapel Royal

A chapel royal is an establishment in the British and Canadian royal households serving the spiritual needs of the sovereign and the royal family.

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Charles Burney

Charles Burney (7 April 1726 – 12 April 1814) was an English music historian, composer and musician.

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Charles Jennens

Charles Jennens (1700 – 20 November 1773) was an English landowner and patron of the arts.

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Charles Mackerras

Sir Alan Charles MacLaurin Mackerras (1925 2010) was an Australian conductor.

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Choir of King's College, Cambridge

The Choir of King's College, Cambridge is an English Anglican choir.

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Christ (title)

Christ, used by Christians as both a name and a title, unambiguously refers to Jesus.

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Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin

Christ Church Cathedral, more formally The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity (Irish: Ardeaglais Theampall Chríost), is the cathedral of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the (Anglican) Church of Ireland.

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Christian theology

Christian theology is the theology – the systematic study of the divine and religion – of Christian belief and practice.

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Christina Maria Avoglio

Christina Maria Avoglio or Avolia (floruit, 1727–1744)Karl-Josef Kutsch, Leo Riemens: Avoglio, Christina Maria, in: Großes Sängerlexikon, Bd.

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Christoph Daniel Ebeling

Christoph Daniel Ebeling (20 November 1741 – 30 June 1817) was a scholar of Germany who studied the geography and history of North America.

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Christopher Hogwood

Christopher Jarvis Haley Hogwood (10 September 194124 September 2014) was an English conductor, harpsichordist, writer, and musicologist.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the established Christian church in England and the Crown Dependencies.

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Clarinet

The clarinet is a single-reed musical instrument in the woodwind family, with a nearly cylindrical bore and a flared bell.

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Colin Davis

Sir Colin Rex Davis (25 September 1927 – 14 April 2013) was an English conductor, known for his association with the London Symphony Orchestra, having first conducted it in 1959.

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Columbia Graphophone Company

Columbia Graphophone Co.

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Compact disc

The compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was codeveloped by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings.

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Contralto

A contralto is a type of classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest female voice type.

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Countertenor

A countertenor (also contra tenor) is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range is equivalent to that of the female contralto or mezzo-soprano voice types, generally extending from around G3 to D5 or E5, although a sopranist (a specific kind of countertenor) may match the soprano's range of around C4 to C6.

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Coverdale Bible

The Coverdale Bible, compiled by Myles Coverdale and published in 1535, was the first complete Modern English translation of the Bible (not just the Old, or New Testament), and the first complete printed translation into English (cf. Wycliffe's Bible in manuscript).

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D major

D major (or the key of D) is a major scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, sharp, G, A, B, and sharp.

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Da capo

Da capo (often abbreviated as D.C.) is an Italian musical term that means "from the beginning" (literally, "from the head").

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Dal segno

In music notation, dal segno, often abbreviated as D.S., is used as a navigation marker.

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David Willcocks

Sir David Valentine Willcocks, (30 December 1919 – 17 September 2015) was a British choral conductor, organist, composer and music administrator.

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Deborah (Handel)

Deborah (HWV 51) is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel. Messiah (Handel) and Deborah (Handel) are oratorios based on the Bible and oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Debtors' prison

A debtors' prison is a prison for people who are unable to pay debt.

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Decca Records

Decca Records is a British record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis.

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Deidamia (opera)

Deidamia (HWV 42) is an opera in three acts composed by George Frideric Handel to an Italian libretto by Paolo Antonio Rolli.

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Deism

Deism (or; derived from the Latin term deus, meaning "god") is the philosophical position and rationalistic theology that generally rejects revelation as a source of divine knowledge and asserts that empirical reason and observation of the natural world are exclusively logical, reliable, and sufficient to determine the existence of a Supreme Being as the creator of the universe.

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Der Messias

Der Messias, K. 572, is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's 1789 German-language version of Messiah, George Frideric Handel's 1741 oratorio.

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Deutsche Grammophon

Deutsche Grammophon (DGG) is a German classical music record label that was the precursor of the corporation PolyGram.

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Die Welt

("The World") is a German national daily newspaper, published as a broadsheet by Axel Springer SE.

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Discogs

Discogs (short for discographies) is a database of information about audio recordings, including commercial releases, promotional releases, and bootleg or off-label releases.

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Divine inspiration

Divine inspiration is the concept of a supernatural force, typically a deity, causing a person or people to experience a creative desire.

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Divine providence

In theology, divine providence, or simply providence, is God's intervention in the Universe.

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Donald Burrows (musicologist)

Donald James Burrows (born 28 December 1945, in London) is a musicologist and a leading scholar of the music of George Frideric Handel.

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Donald Jay Grout

Donald Jay Grout (September 28, 1902 – March 9, 1987) was an American musicologist.

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Double bass

The double bass, also known as the upright bass, the acoustic bass, or simply the bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched chordophone in the modern symphony orchestra (excluding rare additions such as the octobass).

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E major

E major (or the key of E) is a major scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, Fsharp, Gsharp, A, B, Csharp, and Dsharp.

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E minor

E minor is a minor scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, sharp, G, A, B, C, and D. Its key signature has one sharp, on the F. Its relative major is G major and its parallel major is E major.

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E-flat major

E-flat major (or the key of E-flat) is a major scale based on flat, consisting of the pitches E, F, G, flat, flat, C, and D. Its key signature has three flats.

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Ebenezer Prout

Ebenezer Prout (1 March 1835 – 5 December 1909) was an English musical theorist, writer, music teacher and composer, whose instruction, afterwards embodied in a series of standard works still used today, underpinned the work of many British classical musicians of succeeding generations.

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Edward Holdsworth

Edward Holdsworth (1684–1746) was an English classical scholar, known as a Neo-Latin poet.

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English Chamber Orchestra

The English Chamber Orchestra (ECO) is a British chamber orchestra based in London.

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English-speaking world

The English-speaking world comprises the 88 countries and territories in which English is an official, administrative, or cultural language.

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Esther (Handel)

Esther (HWV 50) is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel. Messiah (Handel) and Esther (Handel) are oratorios based on the Bible and oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Eszterháza

Eszterháza is a palace in Fertőd, Hungary, built by Prince Nikolaus Esterházy.

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Eugene Aynsley Goossens

Sir Eugene Aynsley Goossens (26 May 189313 June 1962) was an English conductor and composer.

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F major

F major (or the key of F) is a major scale based on F, with the pitches F, G, A, flat, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat.

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F minor

F minor is a minor scale based on F, consisting of the pitches F, G, flat, flat, C, flat, and flat.

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Fishamble Street

Fishamble Street is a street in Dublin, Ireland within the old city walls.

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Florence

Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.

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Flute

The flute is a member of a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group.

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Foundling Hospital

The Foundling Hospital (formally the Hospital for the Maintenance and Education of Exposed and Deserted Young Children) was a children's home in London, England, founded in 1739 by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram.

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Frederick Bridge

Sir John Frederick Bridge (5 December 1844 – 18 March 1924) was an English organist, composer, teacher and writer.

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French overture

The French overture is a musical form widely used in the Baroque period.

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Friedrich Chrysander

Karl Franz Friedrich Chrysander (8 July 1826 – 3 September 1901) was a German music historian, critic and publisher, whose edition of the works of George Frideric Handel and authoritative writings on many other composers established him as a pioneer of 19th-century musicology.

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Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock

Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock (2 July 1724 – 14 March 1803) was a German poet.

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Fugue

In classical music, a fugue is a contrapuntal, polyphonic compositional technique in two or more voices, built on a subject (a musical theme) that is introduced at the beginning in imitation (repetition at different pitches), which recurs frequently throughout the course of the composition.

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G major

G major (or the key of G) is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and sharp.

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G minor

G minor is a minor scale based on G, consisting of the pitches G, A, flat, C, D, Eflat, and F. Its key signature has two flats.

See Messiah (Handel) and G minor

Gaetano Guadagni

Gaetano Guadagni (16 February 1728 – 11 November 1792) was an Italian mezzo-soprano castrato singer, most famous for singing the role of Orpheus at the premiere of Gluck's opera Orfeo ed Euridice in 1762.

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Georg Gottfried Gervinus

Georg Gottfried Gervinus (20 May 1805 – 18 March 1871) was a German literary and political historian.

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Georg Solti

Sir Georg Solti (born György Stern; 21 October 1912 – 5 September 1997) was a Hungarian-British orchestral and operatic conductor, known for his appearances with opera companies in Munich, Frankfurt, and London, and as a long-serving music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

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George Bernard Shaw

George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950), known at his insistence as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist.

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George Frideric Handel

George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (baptised italic,; 23 February 1685 – 14 April 1759) was a German-British Baroque composer well known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, concerti grossi, and organ concertos.

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George II of Great Britain

George II (George Augustus; Georg August; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death in 1760.

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George III

George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820.

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Gesellschaft der Associierten

The Gesellschaft der Associierten was an association of music-loving noblemen centered in Vienna and founded by Baron Gottfried van Swieten in 1786.

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Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (between 3 February 1525 and 2 February 1526 – 2 February 1594) was an Italian composer of late Renaissance music.

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Giulia Frasi

Giulia Frasi (also Frassi) was born c. 1730 and died in 1772 or after May 1774.

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Gopsall

Gopsall is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Twycross, in the Hinckley and Bosworth district, in the county of Leicestershire, England.

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Gospel

Gospel (εὐαγγέλιον; evangelium) originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was reported.

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Gospel of Luke

The Gospel of Luke tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus.

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Gottfried van Swieten

Gottfried Freiherr van Swieten (29 October 1733 – 29 March 1803) was a Dutch-born Austrian diplomat, librarian, and government official who served the Holy Roman Empire during the 18th century.

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Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards, stylized as GRAMMY, and often referred to as the Grammys, are awards presented by the Recording Academy of the United States to recognize outstanding achievements in the music industry.

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Gramophone (magazine)

Gramophone (known as The Gramophone prior to 1970) is a magazine published monthly in London, devoted to classical music, particularly to reviews of recordings.

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Halle (Saale)

Halle (Saale), or simply Halle (from the 15th to the 17th century: Hall in Sachsen; until the beginning of the 20th century: Halle an der Saale; from 1965 to 1995: Halle/Saale) is the largest city of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the fifth-most populous city in the area of former East Germany after (East) Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz, as well as the 31st-largest city of Germany, and with around 244,000 inhabitants, it is slightly more populous than the state capital of Magdeburg.

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Hallelujah

Hallelujah (הַלְלוּ־יָהּ|hallū-Yāh, Modern הַלְּלוּ־יָהּ|halləlū-Yāh|praise Yah) is an interjection from the Hebrew language, used as an expression of gratitude to God.

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Hallische Händel-Ausgabe

The Hallische Händel-Ausgabe ("Halle Handel Edition") is a multi-volume collection of the works of George Frideric Handel.

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Hamburg

Hamburg (Hamborg), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,.

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Handel Festival 1857

The Handel Festival of 1857 was a series of concerts of music by George Frideric Handel, given by a large orchestra and chorus at the Crystal Palace in London.

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Handel Festival, Halle

The Handel Festival (in German: Händel-Festspiele) in Halle an der Saale, Saxony-Anhalt, is an international music festival concentrating on the music of George Frideric Handel in the composer's birthplace.

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Handel's Naturalisation Act 1727

An Act for naturalizing Louis Sechehaye, George Frideric Handel, Anthony Furstenau and Michael Schlegel (13 Geo. 1. c. 2), later given the short title of Handel's Naturalisation Act 1727, was a 1727 Act of the Parliament of Great Britain with the intent of naturalising German-born composer George Frideric Handel and other foreigners as British subjects.

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Harpsichord

A harpsichord (clavicembalo, clavecin, Cembalo; clavecín, cravo, клавеси́н (tr. klavesín or klavesin), klavecimbel, klawesyn) is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard.

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Händel-Gesellschaft

Between 1858 and 1902, the Händel-Gesellschaft ("German Handel Society") produced a collected 105-volume edition of the works of George Frideric Handel.

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Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis

The Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as HWV) is the Catalogue of Handel's Works.

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Henry Wood

Sir Henry Joseph Wood (3 March 186919 August 1944) was an English conductor best known for his association with London's annual series of promenade concerts, known as the Proms.

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Hermann Scherchen

Hermann Scherchen (21 June 1891 – 12 June 1966) was a German conductor, who was principal conductor of the city orchestra of Winterthur from 1922 to 1950.

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His Majesty's Theatre, London

His Majesty's Theatre is a West End theatre situated in the Haymarket in the City of Westminster, London.

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His Master's Voice

His Master's Voice (HMV) was the name of a major British record label created in 1901 by The Gramophone Co. Ltd.

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Hoop skirt

A hoop skirt or hoopskirt is a women's undergarment worn in various periods to hold the skirt extended into a fashionable shape.

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House of Hanover

The House of Hanover (Haus Hannover) is a European, formerly royal house with roots tracing back to the 17th century.

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Huddersfield Choral Society

Huddersfield Choral Society is a choir based in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England.

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Isaiah

Isaiah (or; יְשַׁעְיָהוּ, Yəšaʿyāhū, "Yahweh is salvation"; also known as Isaias or Esaias from Ἠσαΐας) was the 8th-century BC Israelite prophet after whom the Book of Isaiah is named.

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Israel in Egypt

Israel in Egypt, HWV 54, is a biblical oratorio by the composer George Frideric Handel. Messiah (Handel) and Israel in Egypt are oratorios based on the Bible and oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Italian opera

Italian opera is both the art of opera in Italy and opera in the Italian language.

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Jean-Claude Malgoire

Jean-Claude Malgoire (25 November 1940 – 14 April 2018) was a French oboist and later conductor.

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Jervis Street Hospital

Jervis Street Hospital (Ospidéal Shráid Jervis) was a hospital in Jervis Street in Dublin, Ireland.

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Jesus

Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

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Joah Bates

Joah Bates (– 8 June 1799) was an English musician.

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Johann Adam Hiller

Johann Adam Hiller (25 December 1728 – 16 June 1804) was a German composer, conductor and writer on music, regarded as the creator of the Singspiel, an early form of German opera.

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Johann Christoph Pepusch

Johann Christoph Pepusch (1667 1752), also known as John Christopher Pepusch and Dr Pepusch, was a German-born composer who spent most of his working life in England.

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John Beard (tenor)

John Beard (c. 1716 – 5 February 1791) was an English tenor of the 18th century.

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John Eliot Gardiner

Sir John Eliot Gardiner (born 20 April 1943) is an English conductor, particularly known for his performances of the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, especially the Bach Cantata Pilgrimage of 2000, performing Bach's church cantatas in liturgical order in churches all over Europe, and New York City, with the Monteverdi Choir, and recording them at the locations.

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John Gay

John Gay (30 June 1685 – 4 December 1732) was an English poet and dramatist and member of the Scriblerus Club.

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John Mainwaring

John Mainwaring (1724 – 15 April 1807) was an English theologian and the first biographer of the composer Georg Friedrich Händel in any language.

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John McCarthy (conductor)

Eugene Patrick John McCarthy OBE (20 November 1916 - 8 April 2009), also known professionally for most of his career as John Mac or simply Mac, was a three-times Grammy Award-nominated director and conductor of choral music.

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Karl Richter (conductor)

Karl Richter (15 October 1926 – 15 February 1981) was a German conductor, choirmaster, organist, and harpsichordist.

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King James Version

on the title-page of the first edition and in the entries in works like the "Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church", etc.--> The King James Version (KJV), also the King James Bible (KJB) and the Authorized Version (AV), is an Early Modern English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England, which was commissioned in 1604 and published in 1611, by sponsorship of King James VI and I.

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Kingdom of Ireland

The Kingdom of Ireland (Ríoghacht Éireann; Ríocht na hÉireann) was a dependent territory of England and then of Great Britain from 1542 to the end of 1800.

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Koine Greek

Koine Greek (Koine the common dialect), also known as Hellenistic Greek, common Attic, the Alexandrian dialect, Biblical Greek, Septuagint Greek or New Testament Greek, was the common supra-regional form of Greek spoken and written during the Hellenistic period, the Roman Empire and the early Byzantine Empire.

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Last Judgment

The Last Judgment, Final Judgment, Day of Reckoning, Day of Judgment, Judgment Day, Doomsday, Day of Resurrection or The Day of the Lord (translit or label) is a concept found across the Abrahamic religions and the Frashokereti of Zoroastrianism.

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Leicestershire

Leicestershire is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England.

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Leonard Salzedo

Leonard Salzedo (24 September 1921 – 6 May 2000) was an English composer and conductor of Spanish descent.

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Letters and writings of George Frideric Handel

Few of the letters and writings of George Frideric Handel remain today—certainly far fewer than remain for other major composers.

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Libretto

A libretto (an English word derived from the Italian word libretto) is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical.

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LP record

The LP (from "long playing" or "long play") is an analog sound storage medium, specifically a phonograph record format characterized by: a speed of rpm; a 12- or 10-inch (30- or 25-cm) diameter; use of the "microgroove" groove specification; and a vinyl (a copolymer of vinyl chloride acetate) composition disk.

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Lutheran chorale

A Lutheran chorale is a musical setting of a Lutheran hymn, intended to be sung by a congregation in a German Protestant Church service.

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Malcolm Sargent

Sir Harold Malcolm Watts Sargent (29 April 1895 – 3 October 1967) was an English conductor, organist and composer widely regarded as Britain's leading conductor of choral works.

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Mannheim

Mannheim (Palatine German: Mannem or Monnem), officially the University City of Mannheim (Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 21st-largest city, with a 2021 population of 311,831 inhabitants.

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Martin Luther

Martin Luther (10 November 1483– 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar.

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Matthew Dubourg

Matthew Dubourg (1703 – 3 July 1767) was an English violinist, conductor, and composer who spent most of his life in Ireland.

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Max Seiffert

Maximilian Seiffert (9 February 1868 – 15 April 1948) was a German musicologist and editor of Baroque music.

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Mercer's Hospital

Mercer's Hospital (Ospidéal Mercer) was a hospital in Dublin, Ireland.

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Messiah

In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias is a saviour or liberator of a group of people.

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Messiah Part I

Messiah (HWV 56), the English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel in 1741, is structured in three parts.

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Messiah Part II

Messiah (HWV 56), the English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel in 1741, is structured in three parts.

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Messiah Part III

Messiah (HWV 56), the English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel in 1741, is structured in three parts.

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Moritz Hauptmann

Moritz Hauptmann (13 October 1792, Dresden – 3 January 1868, Leipzig), was a German music theorist, teacher and composer.

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Motet

In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present.

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Motif (music)

In music, a motif IPA: (/moʊˈtiːf/) or motive is a short musical idea, a salient recurring figure, musical fragment or succession of notes that has some special importance in or is characteristic of a composition.

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Movement (music)

A movement is a self-contained part of a musical composition or musical form.

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Muriel Brunskill

Muriel Lucy Brunskill (18 December 1899 – 18 February 1980) was an English contralto of the mid-twentieth century.

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Nativity of Jesus

The nativity of Jesus, nativity of Christ, birth of Jesus or birth of Christ is documented in the biblical gospels of Luke and Matthew.

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Neale's Musick Hall, Dublin

Neale's Musick Hall, also known as Mr.

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Neville Marriner

Sir Neville Marriner, (15 April 1924 – 2 October 2016) was an English conductor and violinist.

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New Testament

The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon.

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Nixa Records

Nixa Record Company Ltd. was founded in 1950 by Hilton Nixon.

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Oboe

The oboe is a type of double-reed woodwind instrument.

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Opera of the Nobility

The Opera of the Nobility (or Nobility Opera) was an opera company set up and funded in 1733 by a group of nobles (under Frederick, Prince of Wales) opposed to George II of Great Britain, in order to rival the (Second) Royal Academy of Music company under Handel (backed by George II and his queen).

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Oratorio

An oratorio is a musical composition with dramatic or narrative text for choir, soloists and orchestra or other ensemble.

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Overture

Overture (from French ouverture, "opening") is a music instrumental introduction to a ballet, opera, or oratorio in the 17th century.

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Passion of Jesus

The Passion (from Latin patior, "to suffer, bear, endure") is the short final period before the death of Jesus, described in the four canonical gospels.

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Pastorale

Pastorale refers to something of a pastoral nature in music, whether in form or in mood.

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Paul the Apostle

Paul (Koinē Greek: Παῦλος, romanized: Paûlos), also named Saul of Tarsus (Aramaic: ܫܐܘܠ, romanized: Šāʾūl), commonly known as Paul the Apostle and Saint Paul, was a Christian apostle (AD) who spread the teachings of Jesus in the first-century world.

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Pentecost

Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christian holiday which takes place on the 49th day (50th day when inclusive counting is used) after Easter Day.

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Percy M. Young

Percy Marshall Young (17 May 19129 May 2004) was a British music scholar, editor, organist, composer, conductor and teacher.

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Perfect fourth

A fourth is a musical interval encompassing four staff positions in the music notation of Western culture, and a perfect fourth is the fourth spanning five semitones (half steps, or half tones).

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Philips Records

Philips Records is a record label founded by Dutch electronics company Philips and Dutch-American music corporation Universal Music Group.

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Pipe organ

The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurised air (called wind) through the organ pipes selected from a keyboard.

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Pope Clement XI

Pope Clement XI (Clemens XI; Clemente XI; 23 July 1649 – 19 March 1721), born Giovanni Francesco Albani, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 23 November 1700 to his death in March 1721.

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Pound sterling

Sterling (ISO code: GBP) is the currency of the United Kingdom and nine of its associated territories.

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Psalms

The Book of Psalms (תְּהִלִּים|Tehillīm|praises; Psalmós; Liber Psalmorum; Zabūr), also known as the Psalms, or the Psalter, is the first book of the third section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) called ("Writings"), and a book of the Old Testament.

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Queen's Hall

The Queen's Hall was a concert hall in Langham Place, London, opened in 1893.

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Quotation

A quotation is the repetition of a sentence, phrase, or passage from speech or text that someone has said or written.

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RCA Records

RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America.

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Recitative

Recitative (also known by its Italian name recitativo is a style of delivery (much used in operas, oratorios, and cantatas) in which a singer is allowed to adopt the rhythms and delivery of ordinary speech. Recitative does not repeat lines as formally composed songs do. It resembles sung ordinary speech more than a formal musical composition.

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Resurrection of Jesus

The resurrection of Jesus (anástasis toú Iēsoú) is the Christian belief that God raised Jesus from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion, starting – or restoring – his exalted life as Christ and Lord.

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Richard Hickox

Richard Sidney Hickox (5 March 1948 – 23 November 2008) was an English conductor of choral, orchestral and operatic music.

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Rinaldo (opera)

Rinaldo (HWV 7) is an opera by George Frideric Handel, composed in 1711, and was the first Italian language opera written specifically for the London stage.

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Rodelinda (opera)

Rodelinda, regina de' Longobardi (HWV 19) is an opera seria in three acts composed for the first Royal Academy of Music by George Frideric Handel.

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Royal Albert Hall

The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall on the northern edge of South Kensington, London, England.

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Royal Choral Society

The Royal Choral Society (RCS) is an amateur choir, based in London.

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Royal Liverpool Philharmonic

Royal Liverpool Philharmonic is a music organisation based in Liverpool, England, that manages a professional symphony orchestra, a concert venue, and extensive programmes of learning through music.

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Rudolf Steglich

Rudolf Steglich (18 February 18868 July 1976) was a German musicologist, music editor and academic teacher, who was professor at the University of Erlangen from 1930 to 1956.

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Salvation in Christianity

In Christianity, salvation (also called deliverance or redemption) is the saving of human beings from sin and its consequences—which include death and separation from God—by Christ's death and resurrection, and the justification entailed by this salvation.

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SATB

SATB is an initialism that describes the scoring of compositions for choirs or consorts of instruments.

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Saul (Handel)

Saul (HWV 53) is a dramatic oratorio in three acts written by George Frideric Handel with a libretto by Charles Jennens. Messiah (Handel) and Saul (Handel) are oratorios based on the Bible and oratorios by George Frideric Handel.

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Scratch Messiah

A Scratch Messiah, People's Messiah, Come Sing Messiah, Sing-it-yourself Messiah, Do-it-yourself Messiah (DIY Messiah), or Sing along Messiah (the first two British and Australian usage, the last three common in North America) is an informal performance of Handel's Messiah in which the audience serves as the unrehearsed chorus, often supported by a carefully prepared core group.

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Sedley Taylor

Sedley Taylor (29 November 1834 – 14 March 1920) was a British academic, librarian and one of the Professors at the Trinity College in Cambridge, England.

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Sheldonian Theatre

Sheldonian Theatre, located in Oxford, England, was built from 1664 to 1669 after a design by Christopher Wren for the University of Oxford.

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Shilling (British coin)

The British shilling, abbreviated "1s" or "1/-", was a unit of currency and a denomination of sterling coinage worth of one pound, or twelve pence.

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Smithsonian (magazine)

Smithsonian is a science and nature magazine (and associated website, SmithsonianMag.com), and is the official journal published by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., although editorially independent from its parent organization.

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Soli Deo gloria

is a Latin term for Glory to God alone.

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Soprano

A soprano is a type of classical female singing voice and has the highest vocal range of all voice types.

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South Australian Register

The Register, originally the South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register, and later South Australian Register, was South Australia's first newspaper.

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St James's Hall

St.

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St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin

Saint Patrick's Cathedral (Ard-Eaglais Naomh Pádraig) in Dublin, Ireland, founded in 1191 as a Roman Catholic cathedral, is currently the national cathedral of the Church of Ireland. Christ Church Cathedral, also a Church of Ireland cathedral in Dublin, is designated as the local cathedral of the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough.

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St Paul's Cathedral

St Paul's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in London, England, the seat of the Bishop of London.

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String section

The string section is composed of bowed instruments belonging to the violin family.

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Structure of Handel's Messiah

Messiah (HWV 56), the English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel in 1741, is structured in three parts, listed here in tables for their musical setting and biblical sources.

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Stucco

Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water.

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Susannah Maria Cibber

Susannah Maria Cibber (née Arne; February 1714 – 30 January 1766) was a celebrated English singer and actress.

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Tabernacle Choir

The Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square, formerly known as the Mormon Tabernacle Choir, is an American choir, acting as part of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

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Tempo

In musical terminology, tempo (Italian for 'time'; plural 'tempos', or tempi from the Italian plural), also known as beats per minute, is the speed or pace of a given composition.

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Tenor

A tenor is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the countertenor and baritone voice types.

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The Beggar's Opera

The Beggar's Opera is a ballad opera in three acts written in 1728 by John Gay with music arranged by Johann Christoph Pepusch.

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The Crystal Palace

The Crystal Palace was a cast iron and plate glass structure, originally built in Hyde Park, London, to house the Great Exhibition of 1851.

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The Musical Times

The Musical Times is an academic journal of classical music edited and produced in the United Kingdom and the oldest such journal still being published in the country.

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The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Observer

The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays.

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The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music

The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music (formerly The Penguin Guide to Compact Discs and, from 2002 to 2006, The Penguin Guide to Compact Discs and DVDs) was a widely distributed annual publication from Britain published by Penguin Books that reviewed and rated currently available recordings of classical music.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.

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Thomas Beecham

Sir Thomas Beecham, 2nd Baronet, CH (29 April 18798 March 1961) was an English conductor and impresario best known for his association with the London Philharmonic and the Royal Philharmonic orchestras.

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Three Choirs Festival

Worcester cathedral Gloucester cathedral The Three Choirs Festival is a music festival held annually at the end of July, rotating among the cathedrals of the Three Counties (Hereford, Gloucester, and Worcester) and originally featuring their three choirs, which remain central to the week-long programme.

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Timpani

Timpani or kettledrums (also informally called timps) are musical instruments in the percussion family.

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Treble voice

A treble voice is a voice which takes the treble part.

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Trevor Pinnock

Trevor David Pinnock (born 16 December 1946 in Canterbury, England) is a British harpsichordist and conductor.

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Trombone

The trombone (Posaune, Italian, French: trombone) is a musical instrument in the brass family.

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Trumpet

The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.

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Universal resurrection

General resurrection or universal resurrection is the belief in a resurrection of the dead, or resurrection from the dead (Koine: ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν, anastasis nekron; literally: "standing up again of the dead") by which most or all people who have died would be resurrected (brought back to life).

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Vauxhall Gardens

Vauxhall Gardens is a public park in Kennington in the London Borough of Lambeth, England, on the south bank of the River Thames.

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Victor Gollancz

Sir Victor Gollancz (9 April 1893 – 8 February 1967) was a British publisher and humanitarian.

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Viola

The viola is a string instrument that is usually bowed.

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Violin

The violin, colloquially known as a fiddle, is a wooden chordophone, and is the smallest, and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in regular use in the violin family.

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Virgin birth of Jesus

The virgin birth of Jesus is the Christian and Islamic doctrine that Jesus was conceived by his mother, Mary, through the power of the Holy Spirit and without sexual intercourse.

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Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme

"" (literally: Awake, the voice is calling us) is a Lutheran hymn written in German by Philipp Nicolai, first published in 1599 together with "".

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Warwickshire

Warwickshire (abbreviated Warks) is a ceremonial county in the West Midlands of England.

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Watkins Shaw

Harold Watkins Shaw, OBE (3 April 1911 in Bradford, Yorkshire – 8 October 1996 in Worcester) was a British musicologist and educator best known for his critical edition of Handel's Messiah compiled between 1957 and 1965, which version has largely supplanted that of Ebenezer Prout in British amateur performance - The Times obituarist described it as being in "universal use".

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Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an Anglican church in the City of Westminster, London, England.

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William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire

William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire, (26 September 1698 – 5 December 1755) was a British nobleman and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1721 to 1729 when he inherited the Dukedom.

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William Shenstone

William Shenstone (18 November 171411 February 1763) was an English poet and one of the earliest practitioners of landscape gardening through the development of his estate, The Leasowes.

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Winton Dean

Winton Basil Dean (18 March 1916 – 19 December 2013) was an English musicologist of the 20th century, most famous for his research on the life and works—in particular the operas and oratorios—of George Frideric Handel, as detailed in his book Handel's Dramatic Oratorios and Masques (1959).

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period.

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Worcester Cathedral

Worcester Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of Christ and Blessed Mary the Virgin, is a Church of England cathedral in Worcester, England.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messiah_(Handel)

Also known as HWV 56, Handel Messiah, Händel's Messiah, Messiah (Haendel), Messiah (oratorio), Messiah HWV 56.

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Messiah (Handel), the Glossary

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