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Misoprostol, the Glossary

Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin medication used to prevent and treat stomach and duodenal ulcers, induce labor, cause an abortion, and treat postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus.^[1]

76 relations: Abdominal pain, Abortifacient, Abortion, Adenylyl cyclase, Adverse effect, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Bioavailability, Black market, Cell membrane, Cervical dilation, Cervical effacement, Cervix, Constipation, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Diarrhea, Diário Oficial da União, Diclofenac, Diclofenac/misoprostol, Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, Ectopic pregnancy, First pass effect, Flatulence, Food and Drug Administration, G protein-coupled receptor, G.D. Searle, LLC, Gastric acid, Generic drug, Headache, Hematocrit, Indigestion, Intrauterine device, Intravaginal administration, Labor induction, Medical abortion, Menstrual cycle, Methotrexate, Mifepristone, Miscarriage, Multiple sclerosis, Nausea, New York City, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Omeprazole, Oral administration, Osmotic dilator, Oxytocin, Parietal cell, Peptic ulcer disease, Placebo, Postpartum bleeding, ... Expand index (26 more) »
Abortifacients
Methods of abortion
Prostaglandins
Uterotonics

Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues.

See Misoprostol and Abdominal pain

Abortifacient

An abortifacient ("that which will cause a miscarriage" from Latin: abortus "miscarriage" and faciens "making") is a substance that induces abortion. Misoprostol and abortifacient are abortifacients.

See Misoprostol and Abortifacient

Abortion

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus.

See Misoprostol and Abortion

Adenylyl cyclase

Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming).

See Misoprostol and Adenylyl cyclase

Adverse effect

An adverse effect is an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention, such as surgery.

See Misoprostol and Adverse effect

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) is a professional association of physicians specializing in obstetrics and gynecology in the United States.

See Misoprostol and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Bioavailability

In pharmacology, bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction (%) of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation.

See Misoprostol and Bioavailability

Black market

A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or series of transactions that has some aspect of illegality or is not compliant with an institutional set of rules.

See Misoprostol and Black market

Cell membrane

The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).

See Misoprostol and Cell membrane

Cervical dilation

Cervical dilation (or cervical dilatation) is the opening of the cervix, the entrance to the uterus, during childbirth, miscarriage, induced abortion, or gynecological surgery.

See Misoprostol and Cervical dilation

Cervical effacement

Cervical effacement or cervical ripening refers to the thinning and shortening of the cervix.

See Misoprostol and Cervical effacement

Cervix

The cervix (cervices) or cervix uteri is a dynamic fibromuscular organ of the female reproductive system that connects the vagina with the uterine cavity.

See Misoprostol and Cervix

Constipation

Constipation is a bowel dysfunction that makes bowel movements infrequent or hard to pass.

See Misoprostol and Constipation

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes.

See Misoprostol and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Diarrhea

Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.

See Misoprostol and Diarrhea

Diário Oficial da União

The Diário Oficial da União (literally Official Diary of the Union), abbreviated DOU, is the official journal of the federal government of Brazil.

See Misoprostol and Diário Oficial da União

Diclofenac

Diclofenac (pronounced or), sold under the brand name Voltaren, among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammatory diseases such as gout. Misoprostol and Diclofenac are drugs developed by Pfizer.

See Misoprostol and Diclofenac

Diclofenac/misoprostol

Diclofenac/misoprostol, sold under the brand name Arthrotec, is a fixed-dose combination medication that contains. Misoprostol and Diclofenac/misoprostol are drugs developed by Pfizer.

See Misoprostol and Diclofenac/misoprostol

Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization

Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, 597 U.S. 215 (2022), is a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the court held that the Constitution of the United States does not confer a right to abortion.

See Misoprostol and Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization

Ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus.

See Misoprostol and Ectopic pregnancy

First pass effect

The first pass effect (also known as first-pass metabolism or presystemic metabolism) is a phenomenon of drug metabolism at a specific location in the body which leads to a reduction in the concentration of the active drug before it reaches the site of action or systemic circulation.

See Misoprostol and First pass effect

Flatulence

Flatulence is the expulsion of gas from the intestines via the anus, commonly referred to as farting.

See Misoprostol and Flatulence

Food and Drug Administration

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services.

See Misoprostol and Food and Drug Administration

G protein-coupled receptor

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate cellular responses.

See Misoprostol and G protein-coupled receptor

G.D. Searle, LLC

G.D. Searle, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer.

See Misoprostol and G.D. Searle, LLC

Gastric acid

Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining.

See Misoprostol and Gastric acid

Generic drug

A generic drug (or simply generic) is a pharmaceutical drug that contains the same chemical substance as a drug that was originally protected by chemical patents.

See Misoprostol and Generic drug

Headache

Headache, also known as cephalalgia, is the symptom of pain in the face, head, or neck.

See Misoprostol and Headache

Hematocrit

The hematocrit (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, measured as part of a blood test.

See Misoprostol and Hematocrit

Indigestion

Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia or upset stomach, is a condition of impaired digestion.

See Misoprostol and Indigestion

Intrauterine device

An intrauterine device (IUD), also known as intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD or ICD) or coil, is a small, often T-shaped birth control device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

See Misoprostol and Intrauterine device

Intravaginal administration

Intravaginal administration is a route of administration where the substance is applied inside the vagina.

See Misoprostol and Intravaginal administration

Labor induction

Labor induction is the process or treatment that stimulates childbirth and delivery.

See Misoprostol and Labor induction

Medical abortion

A medical abortion, also known as medication abortion or non-surgical abortion, occurs when drugs (medication) are used to bring about an abortion. Misoprostol and medical abortion are Methods of abortion.

See Misoprostol and Medical abortion

Menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. Misoprostol and menstrual cycle are Gynaecology.

See Misoprostol and Menstrual cycle

Methotrexate

Methotrexate, formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune-system suppressant. Misoprostol and Methotrexate are abortifacients and World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and Methotrexate

Mifepristone

Mifepristone, also known as RU-486, is a medication typically used in combination with misoprostol to bring about a medical abortion during pregnancy and manage early miscarriage. Misoprostol and Mifepristone are abortifacients, Methods of abortion and World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and Mifepristone

Miscarriage

Miscarriage, also known in medical terms as a spontaneous abortion, is the death and expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive independently.

See Misoprostol and Miscarriage

Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.

See Misoprostol and Multiple sclerosis

Nausea

Nausea is a diffuse sensation of unease and discomfort, sometimes perceived as an urge to vomit.

See Misoprostol and Nausea

New York City

New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.

See Misoprostol and New York City

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, decreases inflammation, decreases fever, and prevents blood clots.

See Misoprostol and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Omeprazole

Omeprazole, sold under the brand names Prilosec and Losec, among others, is a medication used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. Misoprostol and Omeprazole are World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and Omeprazole

Oral administration

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See Misoprostol and Oral administration

Osmotic dilator

Osmotic dilators are medical implements used to dilate the uterine cervix by swelling as they absorb fluid from surrounding tissue.

See Misoprostol and Osmotic dilator

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary.

See Misoprostol and Oxytocin

Parietal cell

Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells) are epithelial cells in the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor.

See Misoprostol and Parietal cell

Peptic ulcer disease

Peptic ulcer disease is a break in the inner lining of the stomach, the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus.

See Misoprostol and Peptic ulcer disease

Placebo

A placebo is a substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value.

See Misoprostol and Placebo

Postpartum bleeding

Postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is often defined as the loss of more than 500 ml or 1,000 ml of blood following childbirth.

See Misoprostol and Postpartum bleeding

Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb).

See Misoprostol and Pregnancy

Pregnancy category

The pregnancy category of a medication is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical, if it is used as directed by the mother during pregnancy.

See Misoprostol and Pregnancy category

Progesterone

Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.

See Misoprostol and Progesterone

Prostaglandin

Prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds called eicosanoids that have diverse hormone-like effects in animals. Misoprostol and Prostaglandin are prostaglandins.

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin

Prostaglandin analogue

Prostaglandin analogues are a class of drugs that bind to a prostaglandin receptor. Misoprostol and prostaglandin analogue are prostaglandins.

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin analogue

Prostaglandin E1

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is a naturally occurring prostaglandin and is also used as a medication (alprostadil). Misoprostol and prostaglandin E1 are drugs developed by Pfizer, Ketones, prostaglandins and World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E1

Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), also known as dinoprostone, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin with oxytocic properties that is used as a medication. Misoprostol and prostaglandin E2 are abortifacients, Ketones, prostaglandins, Uterotonics and World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin EP1 receptor

Prostaglandin E2 receptor 1 (EP1) is a 42kDa prostaglandin receptor encoded by the PTGER1 gene.

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin EP1 receptor

Prostaglandin EP2 receptor

Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2, also known as EP2, is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the human gene PTGER2: it is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP1, EP3, and EP4, which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE2 and also, but with lesser affinity and responsiveness, certain other prostanoids (see Prostaglandin receptors).

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin EP2 receptor

Prostaglandin EP3 receptor

Prostaglandin EP3 receptor (EP3, 53kDa), is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the human gene PTGER3; it is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP1, EP2, and EP4, all of which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE2 and also, but generally with lesser affinity and responsiveness, certain other prostanoids (see Prostaglandin receptors).

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin EP3 receptor

Prostaglandin EP4 receptor

Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the PTGER4 gene in humans; it is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP1, EP2, and EP3, all of which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE2 and also, but generally with lesser affinity and responsiveness, certain other prostanoids (see Prostaglandin receptors).

See Misoprostol and Prostaglandin EP4 receptor

Proton pump

A proton pump is an integral membrane protein pump that builds up a proton gradient across a biological membrane.

See Misoprostol and Proton pump

Rectal administration

Rectal administration (colloquially known as boofing or plugging) uses the rectum as a route of administration for medication and other fluids, which are absorbed by the rectum's blood vessels,The rectum has numerous blood vessels available to absorb drugs: upwards 2/3rds of the dose bypasses first-pass metabolism through systemic distribution and the rest is taken through the liver and metabolized via the hepatic portal system.

See Misoprostol and Rectal administration

Self-induced abortion

A self-induced abortion (also called a self-managed abortion, or sometimes a self-induced miscarriage) is an abortion performed by the pregnant woman herself, or with the help of other, non-medical assistance.

See Misoprostol and Self-induced abortion

Sublingual administration

Sublingual (abbreviated SL), from the Latin for "under the tongue", refers to the pharmacological route of administration by which substances diffuse into the blood through tissues under the tongue.

See Misoprostol and Sublingual administration

The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

See Misoprostol and The New York Times

Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN or TGN), also called Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, trifacial neuralgia, or suicide disease, is a long-term pain disorder that affects the trigeminal nerve, the nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.

See Misoprostol and Trigeminal neuralgia

United States Agency for International Development

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the United States government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance.

See Misoprostol and United States Agency for International Development

Uterine hyperstimulation

Uterine hyperstimulation or hypertonic uterine dysfunction is a potential complication of labor induction.

See Misoprostol and Uterine hyperstimulation

Uterine myomectomy

Myomectomy, sometimes also called fibroidectomy, refers to the surgical removal of uterine leiomyomas, also known as fibroids.

See Misoprostol and Uterine myomectomy

Uterine rupture

Uterine rupture is when the muscular wall of the uterus tears during pregnancy or childbirth.

See Misoprostol and Uterine rupture

Uterus

The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.

See Misoprostol and Uterus

Vacuum aspiration

Vacuum or suction aspiration is a procedure that uses a vacuum source to remove an embryo or fetus through the cervix. Misoprostol and vacuum aspiration are Methods of abortion.

See Misoprostol and Vacuum aspiration

Vomiting

Vomiting (also known as emesis and throwing up) is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.

See Misoprostol and Vomiting

WHO Model List of Essential Medicines

The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (aka Essential Medicines List or EML), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system. Misoprostol and WHO Model List of Essential Medicines are World Health Organization essential medicines.

See Misoprostol and WHO Model List of Essential Medicines

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.

See Misoprostol and World Health Organization

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misoprostol

Also known as ATC code A02BB01, ATC code G02AD06, ATCvet code QA02BB01, ATCvet code QG02AD06, Angusta, Cyotec, Cyprostol, Cytotec, Misodel, Misoprostol acid, Misotrol, Oxaprost.

, Pregnancy, Pregnancy category, Progesterone, Prostaglandin, Prostaglandin analogue, Prostaglandin E1, Prostaglandin E2, Prostaglandin EP1 receptor, Prostaglandin EP2 receptor, Prostaglandin EP3 receptor, Prostaglandin EP4 receptor, Proton pump, Rectal administration, Self-induced abortion, Sublingual administration, The New York Times, Trigeminal neuralgia, United States Agency for International Development, Uterine hyperstimulation, Uterine myomectomy, Uterine rupture, Uterus, Vacuum aspiration, Vomiting, WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, World Health Organization.

Misoprostol, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Abortifacients

Methods of abortion

Prostaglandins

Uterotonics

References