Music of Iran, the Glossary
The music of Iran encompasses music that is produced by Iranian artists.[1]
Table of Contents
199 relations: A cappella, Abbasid Caliphate, Achaemenid dynasty, Achaemenid Empire, Al-Farabi, Alexander Rahbari, Ali-Naqi Vaziri, Ancient Greece, Andalusi classical music, Andy (singer), Angband (band), Angular harp, Arabic, Archaeology, Assyria, Athenaeus, Avesta, Avicenna, Axiom of Choice (band), Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex, Baghdad, Bakshy, Balkans, Bamshad, Barbad, Behzad Ranjbaran, Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles, Central Asia, Choir, Copper, Cyropaedia, Cyrus the Great, Damour Vocal Band, Darius III, Darreh Shahr Ancient City, Dastan Ensemble, Dastgah music, Dastgāh, Deep Dish (duo), Deipnosophistae, Depiction, Drum, Dutar, Eastern Iran, Elam, Electric guitar, Encyclopædia Britannica, Farah Pahlavi, Faraz Khosravi Danesh, Farrukhi Sistani, ... Expand index (149 more) »
A cappella
Music performed a cappella, less commonly spelled a capella in English, is music performed by a singer or a singing group without instrumental accompaniment.
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Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Achaemenid dynasty
The Achaemenid dynasty was a royal house that ruled the Persian Empire, which eventually stretched from Egypt and Thrace in the west to Central Asia and the Indus Valley in the east.
See Music of Iran and Achaemenid dynasty
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
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Al-Farabi
Postage stamp of the USSR, issued on the 1100th anniversary of the birth of Al-Farabi (1975) Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-Fārābī; — 14 December 950–12 January 951), known in the Latin West as Alpharabius, was an early Islamic philosopher and music theorist.
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Alexander Rahbari
Ali (Alexander) Rahbari (علی (الکساندر) رهبری; also as "Alī Rahbarī",; born 1948) is an Iranian composer and conductor who has worked with more than 120 European orchestras, including the Berlin Philharmonic and the Mariinsky Opera.
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Ali-Naqi Vaziri
Ali-Naqi Vaziri (October 1, 1886 in Tehran – September 9, 1979) was a composer, thinker and a celebrated player of the tar.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.
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Andalusi classical music
Andalusi classical music (ṭarab ʾandalusī; música andalusí), also called Andalusi music or Arab-Andalusian music, is a genre of music originally developed in al-Andalus by the Muslim population of the region and the Moors.
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Andy (singer)
Andranik Madadian (آندرانیک مددیان, Անդրանիկ Մադադյան; born April 22, 1958), better known by his stage name Andy, is an Iranian singer-songwriter and actor.
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Angband (band)
Angband is a Persian-American power metal group, formed in 2004 in Tehran.
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Angular harp
Angular harp is a category of musical instruments in the Hornbostel-Sachs system of musical instrument classification.
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Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Archaeology
Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.
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Assyria
Assyria (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: x16px, māt Aššur) was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC, which eventually expanded into an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC.
Athenaeus
Athenaeus of Naucratis (Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Athenaeus Naucratita) was a Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD.
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Avesta
The Avesta is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism from at least the late Sassanid period (ca. 6th century CE).
Avicenna
Ibn Sina (translit; – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers.
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Axiom of Choice (band)
Axiom of Choice is a southern California based world music group of Iranian émigrés who perform a modernized fusion style rooted in Persian classical music with inspiration from other classical Middle Eastern and Eastern paradigms.
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Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex
The Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) is the modern archaeological designation for a particular Middle Bronze Age civilisation of southern Central Asia, also known as the Oxus Civilization.
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Baghdad
Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.
Bakshy
The bakshy (baxši) are traditional Turkmen musicians.
Balkans
The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.
Bamshad
Bamshad (بامشاد) or Bāmšād was a musician of Sasanian music during the reign of Khosrow II.
Barbad
Barbad (باربد) was a Persian musician-poet, music theorist and composer of Sasanian music.
Behzad Ranjbaran
Behzad Ranjbaran (بهزاد رنجبران; born 1955, in Tehran, Iran) is a Persian composer, known for his virtuosic concertos and colorful orchestral music.
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Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles
Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles (BW&BK) is a Canadian heavy metal website and former magazine.
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Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
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Choir
A choir (also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers.
Copper
Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
Cyropaedia
The Cyropaedia, sometimes spelled Cyropedia, is a partly fictional biography of Cyrus the Great, the founder of Persia's Achaemenid Empire.
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Cyrus the Great
Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
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Damour Vocal Band
Damour Vocal Band (Persian: گروه آوازی دامور) is an Iranian A cappella music group co-founded by Faraz Khosravi Danesh and Ata Hakkak in 2011.
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Darius III
Darius III (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁; Δαρεῖος; c. 380 – 330 BC) was the last Achaemenid King of Kings of Persia, reigning from 336 BC to his death in 330 BC.
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Darreh Shahr Ancient City
Darreh Shahr Ancient City, also known as Madaktu and Seymareh, is the name of a ruined area next to the existing city of Darreh Shahr in southwest Iran, in Ilam Province.
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Dastan Ensemble
Dastan Ensemble is an Iranian classical music ensemble.
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Dastgah music
Iranian/Persian traditional music (also known as mūsīqī-e sonnatī-e īrānī or mūsīqī-e aṣīl-e īrānī) is now modernly classified into the Dastgāh system.
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Dastgāh
Dastgāh (دستگاه) is the standard musical system in Persian art music, standardised in the 19th century following the transition of Persian music from the Maqam modal system.
Deep Dish (duo)
Deep Dish is an American electronic music duo, consisting of Iranian-American artists Ali "Dubfire" Shirazinia and Sharam Tayebi.
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Deipnosophistae
The Deipnosophistae is an early 3rd-century AD Greek work (Δειπνοσοφισταί, Deipnosophistaí, lit. "The Dinner Sophists/Philosophers/Experts") by the Greek author Athenaeus of Naucratis.
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Depiction
Depiction is reference conveyed through pictures.
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Drum
The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments.
Dutar
The dutar (also dotar; dutâr; Дутар; Дутор; Дутор; Dutar;; Дутар) is a traditional Iranian long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia.
Eastern Iran
Eastern Iran includes the provinces North Khorasan, Razavi Khorasan, South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchestan some of which share a border with Afghanistan and Pakistan.
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Elam
Elam (Linear Elamite: hatamti; Cuneiform Elamite:; Sumerian:; Akkadian:; עֵילָם ʿēlām; 𐎢𐎺𐎩 hūja) was an ancient civilization centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran, stretching from the lowlands of what is now Khuzestan and Ilam Province as well as a small part of southern Iraq.
Electric guitar
An electric guitar is a guitar that requires external amplification in order to be heard at typical performance volumes, unlike a standard acoustic guitar.
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Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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Farah Pahlavi
Farah Pahlavi (فرح پهلوی, née Diba (دیبا); born 14 October 1938) is the widow of the last Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and was successively Queen and Empress (شهبانو, Shahbanu) of Iran from 1959 to 1979.
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Faraz Khosravi Danesh
Faraz Khosravi Danesh (فراز خسروی دانش) is an Iranian composer.
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Farrukhi Sistani
Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Julugh Farrukhi Sistani (ابوالحسن علی بن جولوغ فرخی سیستانی), better known as Farrukhi Sistani (فرخی سیستانی; – 1040) was one of the most prominent Persian court poets in the history of Persian literature.
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Ferdowsi
Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi (ابوالقاسمفردوسی توسی; 940 – 1019/1025), also Firdawsi or Ferdowsi (فردوسی), was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries.
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Geographica
The Geographica (Γεωγραφικά, Geōgraphiká; Geographica or Strabonis Rerum Geographicarum Libri XVII, "Strabo's 17 Books on Geographical Topics") or Geography, is an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge, consisting of 17 'books', written in Greek in the late 1st century BC, or early 1st century AD, and attributed to Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman Empire of Greek descent.
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Ghaznavids
The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان Ġaznaviyān) or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent from the Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186.
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Gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and atomic number 79.
Grand Prix du Disque for World Music
The daf Bama Music Awards is an international multicultural music award show presented by Daf Entertainment based in Hamburg, Germany.
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Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..
Gusans
Gusans (գուսան; Parthian for poet-musician or minstrel) were creative and performing artists - singers, instrumentalists, dancers, storytellers, and professional folk actors in public theaters of Parthia and ancient and medieval Armenia. Music of Iran and Gusans are culture of Iran.
Harmonic series (music)
A harmonic series (also overtone series) is the sequence of harmonics, musical tones, or pure tones whose frequency is an integer multiple of a fundamental frequency.
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Harp
The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers.
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.
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Herodotus
Herodotus (Ἡρόδοτος||; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy.
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Hip hop music
Hip hop or hip-hop, also known as rap and formerly as disco rap, is a genre of popular music that originated in the early 1970s from the African American community.
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History of Iran
The history of Iran (or Persia, as it was commonly known in the Western world) is intertwined with that of Greater Iran, a sociocultural region spanning the area between Anatolia in the west and the Indus River and Syr Darya in the east, and between the Caucasus and Eurasian Steppe in the north and the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
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Honorific nicknames in popular music
When describing popular music artists, honorific nicknames are used, most often in the media or by fans, to indicate the significance of an artist, and are often religious, familial, or most frequently royal and aristocratic titles, used metaphorically.
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Hooshmand Aghili
Hooshmand Aghili (هوشمند عقیلی) is a prominent Iranian singer, best known for his song Farda To Miaei (sometimes spelled Farda to Miayee).
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Hossein Alizadeh
Hossein Alizadeh (August 23, 1951) (حسین علیزاده) is an Iranian musician, composer, radif-preserver, researcher, teacher, and tar, shurangiz and setar instrumentalist and improviser.
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Ibrahim al-Mawsili
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Mawṣilī (742–804) was an Arab musician of Persian origin who was among the greatest composers of the early Abbasid period.
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India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults
Center for the Intellectual Development of Child and Adolescent (CIDCA, کانون پرورش فکری کودک و نوجوان., Kānoon-e Parvaresh-e Fekri-e Koodakān va Nojavānān, better known as Kanoon or Kānoon) is an Iranian institution with a wide range of cultural and artistic activities in the field of mental and cultural development for children and young adults.
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Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Iranian Armenians
Iranian Armenians (iranahayer; ایرانی های ارمنی), also known as Persian Armenians (parskahayer; ارامنه فارس), are Iranians of Armenian ethnicity who may speak Armenian as their first language.
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Iranian calendars
The Iranian calendars or Iranian chronology (گاهشماری ایرانی, Gâh-Şomâriye Irâni) are a succession of calendars created and used for over two millennia in Iran, also known as Persia. Music of Iran and Iranian calendars are culture of Iran.
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Iranian diaspora
The Iranian diaspora, also known as Iranian expats, are Iranian citizens or people of Iranian descent living outside Iran.
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Iranian folk music
Iranian folk music refers to the folk music transmitted through generations among the people of Iran, often consisting of tunes that exist in numerous variants.
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Iranian hip hop
Iranian hip hop (Persian: هیپهاپ ایرانی), also known as Persian hip hop (هیپهاپ فارسی), refers to hip hop music in the Persian language developed in Iran and the Iranian diaspora.
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Iranian jazz
Iranian jazz refers to jazz music composed by Iranian musicians, sometimes combined with traditional Iranian elements.
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Iranian pop music
Iranian pop music or Persian pop music (موسیقی پاپ ایرانی) Amir Binyaz refers to pop music originated in Iran, with songs mainly in Persian and other regional Persian dialects of the country and region.
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Iranian reformists
The Reformists (Eslâh-Talabân) are a political faction in Iran.
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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (انقلاب ایران), also known as the 1979 Revolution and the Islamic Revolution (label), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions.
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Iranian rock
Iranian rock (also known as Rocka red) refers to rock music produced by Iranian artists.
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Ishaq al-Mawsili
Ishaq al-Mawsili (إسحاق الموصلي; 767/772 – March 850) was an Arab musician of Persian origin active as a composer, singer and music theorist.
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Jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues, ragtime, European harmony and African rhythmic rituals.
Kayhan Kalhor
Kayhan Kalhor (کیهان کلهر, translit, born on 24 November 1964) is an Iranian Kurdish kamancheh and setar player, and a vocal composer.
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Khosrow II
Khosrow II (spelled Chosroes II in classical sources; Husrō and Khosrau), commonly known as Khosrow Parviz (New Persian: خسرو پرویز, "Khosrow the Victorious"), is considered to be the last great Sasanian king (shah) of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year.
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Khwaday-Namag
Khwadāy-Nāmag (New Persian: خداینامه) was a Middle Persian history from the Sasanian era.
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Kul-e Farah
Kul-e Farah (سنگنگاره کولفرح) (Henceforth KF) is an archaeological site and open-air sanctuary situated in the Zagros mountain valley of Izeh/Mālamir, in south-western Iran, around 800 meters over sea level.
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Lament
A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form.
Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre royal de la Légion d'honneur), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil, and currently comprises five classes.
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Libretto
A libretto (an English word derived from the Italian word libretto) is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical.
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Lily Afshar
Lily Afshar (لیلی افشار; 9 March 1960 – 24 October 2023) was an Iranian-American classical guitarist.
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List of Iranian composers
This is a list of Iranian composers.
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List of Iranian musicians
This is a list of Iranian (Persian) musicians and musical groups.
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List of Iranian singers
This is a list of notable Iranian singers that have entered the industry, currently working or have left the industry.
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Loris Tjeknavorian
Loris Haykasi Tjeknavorian (Լորիս Ճգնավորյան; لوریس چکناواریان; born 13 October 1937) is an Iranian Armenian composer and conductor.
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Lute
A lute is any plucked string instrument with a neck and a deep round back enclosing a hollow cavity, usually with a sound hole or opening in the body.
Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Macedonia (Μακεδονία), also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece.
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Magi
Magi, or magus, is the term for priests in Zoroastrianism and earlier Iranian religions.
Mahasti
Eftekhar Dadehbala (افتخار ددهبالا; November 16, 1946 – June 25, 2007), known by her stage name Mahasti (مهستی), was an Iranian singer of Persian classical, folk, and pop music with a mezzo-soprano vocal range.
Masters of Persian Music
Masters of Persian Music is a Persian classical music ensemble (or "supergroup") founded in 2000 by four internationally recognized ustāds (masters) of the genre: vocalist Mohammad-Reza Shajarian; composer-musicians Hossein Alizâdeh and Kayhan Kalhor; and Mr.
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Medes
The Medes (Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐎭; Akkadian: 13px, 13px; Ancient Greek: Μῆδοι; Latin: Medi) were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day Hamadan).
Medo-Persian conflict
The Medo-Persian conflict was a military campaign led by the Median king Astyages against Persis in the mid 6th-century BCE.
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Mehregan
Mehregan (مهرگان) or Jashn-e Mehr (جشن مهر Mithra Festival) is a Zoroastrian and Iranian festival celebrated to honor the yazata Mithra (Mehr), which is responsible for friendship, affection and love. Music of Iran and Mehregan are culture of Iran.
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Melal Orchestra
The Melal Orchestra (Orkestre Melal) is an orchestra founded in 2007 by Peyman Soltani in order to perform pieces of ancient Iranian musical heritage at twelve historical monuments around the world.
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Melody type
Melody type or type-melody is a set of melodic formulas, figures, and patterns.
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Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.
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Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance
The Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance (وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی, Vezârat-e Farhang va Ershâd-e Eslâmi) ("Ministry of CIG") is the Ministry of Culture of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Minstrel
A minstrel was an entertainer, initially in medieval Europe.
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Mirza Abdollah
Mirza Abdollah, also known as Agha Mirza Abdollah Farahani (میرزا عبدالله فراهانی) (1843–1918), was a tar and setar player.
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Mode (music)
In music theory, the term mode or modus is used in a number of distinct senses, depending on context.
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Mohammad Khatami
Mohammad Khatami (Mohammad Khātami,; born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian reformist politician who served as the fifth president of Iran from 3 August 1997 to 3 August 2005.
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Mohammad Motamedi
Seyyed Mohammad Motamedi (محمد معتمدی; born September 24, 1978) is an Iranian traditional vocalist, and a ney player.
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Mohammad Reza Azadehfar
Mohammad Reza Azadehfar (محمدرضا آزادهفر), professor in ethnomusicology and santūr performer, was born in 1969 in Isfahan, the Safavid capital of Iran.
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Mohammad-Reza Darvishi
Mohammad-Reza Darvishi (محمدرضا درویشی; born 17 October 1955 in Shiraz) is an Iranian musician, researcher, and author of Encyclopedia of the Musical Instruments of Iran, a Klaus P. Wachsmann Prize-winner book about Iranian musical instruments.
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Mohammad-Reza Shajarian
Mohammad-Reza Shajarian (محمدرضا شجريان;, 23 September 1940 – 8 October 2020) was an Iranian singer and master (Ostad) of Persian traditional music.
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Monir Vakili
Monir Vakili (منیر وکیلی; December 19, 1924 – February 28, 1983) was an Iranian soprano.
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.
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Music
Music is the arrangement of sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise expressive content.
Music genre
A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions.
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Music school
A music school is an educational institution specialized in the study, training, and research of music.
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Music theory
Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilities of music.
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Musical instrument
A musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make musical sounds.
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Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia, also called the Muslim conquest of Iran, the Arab conquest of Persia, or the Arab conquest of Iran, was a major military campaign undertaken by the Rashidun Caliphate between 632 and 654.
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Nagisa (harpist)
Nagisa or Nakisa was a noted harpist and composer of Sasanian music in the royal court Khosrow II.
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Naucratis
Naucratis or Naukratis (Ancient Greek: Ναύκρατις, "Naval Command"; Egyptian:,,, Coptic: Ⲡⲓⲉⲙⲣⲱ) was a city and trading-post in ancient Egypt, located on the Canopic (western-most) branch of the Nile river, south-east of the Mediterranean sea and the city of Alexandria.
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Notation system
In linguistics and semiotics, a notation system is a system of graphics or symbols, characters and abbreviated expressions, used (for example) in artistic and scientific disciplines to represent technical facts and quantities by convention.
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Nowruz
Nowruz or Navroz (نوروز) is the Iranian New Year or Persian New Year. Music of Iran and Nowruz are culture of Iran.
Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra
The Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra (German: Nürnberger Symphoniker) is a German orchestra based in Nuremberg.
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Opera
Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers.
Pahlavi dynasty
The Pahlavi dynasty (دودمان پهلوی) was the last Iranian royal dynasty that ruled for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979.
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Pari Zangeneh
Pari Zangeneh (پری زنگنه) (born 1939, Kashan, Iran) is an Iranian opera and folk singer (Spinto soprano).
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Parisa
Fātemeh Vā'ezi (فاطمه واعظی, born March 16, 1950, in Tonekabon, Iran), better known as Parisā (پریسا), is a Persian classical singer, Avaz master, and one of the foremost female vocalists from Iran.
Parmenion
Parmenion (also Parmenio; Παρμενίων; 400 – 330 BC), son of Philotas, was a Macedonian general in the service of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great.
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Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.
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Parthian language
The Parthian language, also known as Arsacid Pahlavi and Pahlawānīg, is an extinct ancient Northwestern Iranian language once spoken in Parthia, a region situated in present-day northeastern Iran and Turkmenistan.
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Parviz Mahmoud
Parviz Mahmoud (1910 – 1996) was an Iranian composer and conductor.
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Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Music of Iran and Persian language are culture of Iran.
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Persian maqam
Persian maqam (مقام) is a notion in Persian classical music.
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Persian mythology
Iranian mythology, or Persian mythology in western term (اسطورهشناسی ایرانی), is the body of the myths originally told by ancient Persians and other Iranian peoples and a genre of ancient Persian folklore.
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Persian traditional music
Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (also known as Persia).
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Persianate society
A Persianate society is a society that is based on or strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art and/or identity.
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Peyman Soltani
Peyman Soltani (پیمان سلطانی, Peymân Soltâni; born 17 January 1971 in Iran) is a Persian composer, orchestra conductor, instrumentalist and critic.
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Plutarch
Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.
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Popular music
Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry.
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Power metal is a subgenre of heavy metal combining characteristics of traditional heavy metal with speed metal, often within a symphonic context.
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Priestly caste
The priestly caste is a social group responsible for officiating over sacrifices and leading prayers or other religious functions, particularly in nomadic and tribal societies.
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Pure Steel Records
Pure Steel Records is a record label based in Germany that focuses on heavy metal music.
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Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty (translit; 1789–1925) was an Iranian dynasty founded by Mohammad Khan of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman Qajar tribe.
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Qajar Iran
The Sublime State of Iran, commonly referred to as Qajar Iran, Qajar Persia, the Qajar Empire, Sublime State of Persia, and also the Guarded Domains of Iran, was the Iranian state under the rule of the Qajar dynasty, which was of Turkic origin,Cyrus Ghani.
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Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
Qotb al-Din Mahmoud b. Zia al-Din Mas'ud b. Mosleh Shirazi (قطبالدینْ محمود بن ضیاءالدینْ مسعود بن مصلح شیرازی; 1236–1311) was a 13th-century Persian polymath and poet who made contributions to astronomy, mathematics, medicine, physics, music theory, philosophy and Sufism.
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Radif (music)
Radif (ردیف) is a collection of many old melodic figures preserved through many generations by oral tradition.
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Radio
Radio is the technology of communicating using radio waves.
Radio France
Radio France is the French national public radio broadcaster.
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Rana Farhan
Rana Farhan (رعنا فرحان.) is an Iranian musician and singer of jazz and blues.
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Record label
"Big Three" music labels A record label or record company is a brand or trademark of music recordings and music videos, or the company that owns it.
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Religious music in Iran
Religious music in Iran is rich in melodies and genres.
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Rock music
Rock is a broad genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s, developing into a range of different styles from the mid-1960s, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom.
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Rostam and Sohrab
The tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab forms part of the 10th-century Persian epic Shahnameh by the Persian poet Ferdowsi.
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Rostam and Sohrab (opera)
Rostam and Sohrab is an opera by Loris Tjeknavorian.
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Rudaki
Rudaki (also spelled Rodaki; رودکی; – 940/41) was a poet, singer, and musician who is regarded as the first major poet to write in New Persian.
Ruhollah Khaleqi
Ruhollah Khaleqi (روحالله خالقی|translit.
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Rumi
Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī (جلالالدین محمّد رومی), or simply Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century poet, Hanafi faqih (jurist), Islamic scholar, Maturidi theologian (mutakallim), and Sufi mystic originally from Greater Khorasan in Greater Iran.
Safi al-Din al-Urmawi
Safi al-Din al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi (صفی الدین اورموی) or Safi al-Din Abd al-Mu'min ibn Yusuf ibn al-Fakhir al-Urmawi al-Baghdadi (born c. 1216 AD in Urmia, died in 1294 AD in Baghdad) was a renowned musician and writer on the theory of music.
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Samanid Empire
The Samanid Empire (Sāmāniyān), also known as the Samanian Empire, Samanid dynasty, Samanid amirate, or simply as the Samanids, was a Persianate Sunni Muslim empire, of Iranian dehqan origin.
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Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
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Sasanian music
Sasanian music encompasses the music of the Sasanian Empire, which existed from 224 to 651 CE. Music of Iran and Sasanian music are culture of Iran.
See Music of Iran and Sasanian music
Sattar (singer)
Abdolhassan Sattarpour (عبدالحسن ستارپور; born 19 November 1949), better known simply as Sattar (ستار), is an Iranian singer with specialization in both Persian pop and classical music.
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Setar
A setar (سهتار) is a stringed instrument, a type of lute used in Persian traditional music, played solo or accompanying voice.
Shahnameh
The Shahnameh (lit), also transliterated Shahnama, is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran.
See Music of Iran and Shahnameh
Shahram Nazeri
Shahram Nazeri (translit,; born 18 February 1950) is a contemporary Iranian tenor of Kurdish origin from Kermanshah, Iran, who sings Sufi music, classical and traditional Kurdish and Persian music.
See Music of Iran and Shahram Nazeri
Shahrdad Rohani
Shahrdad Rohani, also known as Shardad Rohani (شهرداد روحانی; born 27 May 1954), is an Iranian-American composer, violinist/pianist, and conductor.
See Music of Iran and Shahrdad Rohani
Shakila
Shakila Mohseni Sedaghat (Šakilā Mohseni Sedāqat), known mononymously as Shakila (Šakilā; born May 3, 1962), is an Iranian singer-songwriter based in San Diego, California.
Shiraz Arts Festival
The Shiraz Festival of Arts (Persian: جشنواره هنر شیراز) was an annual international summer arts festival, held in Iran bringing about the encounter between the East and the West.
See Music of Iran and Shiraz Arts Festival
Silver
Silver is a chemical element; it has symbol Ag (derived from Proto-Indo-European ''*h₂erǵ'')) and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form ("native silver"), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite.
Songwriter
A songwriter is a musician who professionally composes musical compositions or writes lyrics for songs, or both.
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Spain
Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.
Strabo
StraboStrabo (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed.
Sumer
Sumer is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC.
Symphonische Dichtungen aus Persien
Symphonische Dichtungen aus Persien (Symphonic Poems from Persia) is the name of 3 gramophone records recorded with Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra in 1980 conducted by Ali Rahbari.
See Music of Iran and Symphonische Dichtungen aus Persien
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra.
See Music of Iran and Symphony
Tanbur
The term Tanbur (تنبور) can refer to various long-necked string instruments originating in Mesopotamia, Southern or Central Asia.
Taq-e Bostan
Taq-e Bostan (طاقبستان, lit) is a site with a series of large rock reliefs from the era of the Sassanid Empire of Persia (Iran), carved around the 4th century CE.
See Music of Iran and Taq-e Bostan
Tar (string instrument)
The tar (from lit) is a long-necked, waisted lute family instrument, used by many cultures and countries including Iran, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Georgia, Tajikistan (Iranian Plateau), Turkey, and others near the Caucasus and Central Asia regions.
See Music of Iran and Tar (string instrument)
Tariqa
A tariqa is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking, which translates as "ultimate truth".
Tehran
Tehran (تهران) or Teheran is the capital and largest city of Iran as well as the largest in Tehran Province.
Tehran Symphony Orchestra
The Tehran Symphony Orchestra (TSO, ارکستر سمفونیک تهران), founded in 1933, is Iran's oldest and largest symphony orchestra.
See Music of Iran and Tehran Symphony Orchestra
The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
See Music of Iran and The Guardian
The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.
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The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
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Trumpet
The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.
See Music of Iran and Turkic peoples
Vahdat Hall
The Vahdat Hall (تالار وحدت – Tālār e Vahdat means "Unity Hall"), formerly the Roudaki Hall (تالار رودکی – Tālār-e Rudaki), is a performing arts complex in Tehran, Iran.
See Music of Iran and Vahdat Hall
Vendidad
The Vendidad /ˈvendi'dæd/ or Videvdat or Videvdad is a collection of texts within the greater compendium of the Avesta.
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Viguen
Viguen (born Viguen Derderian, ویگن دردریان,; Վիգէն Տէրտէրեան,; 23 November 1929 – 26 October 2003) was an Iranian pop music singer and actor.
West Asia
West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.
See Music of Iran and West Asia
Xenophon
Xenophon of Athens (Ξενοφῶν||; probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian, born in Athens.
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Ziryab
Abu l-Hasan 'Ali Ibn Nafi, better known as Ziryab, Zeryab, or Zaryab (789– 857) (rtl), was a singer, oud and lute player, composer, poet, and teacher.
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism (Din-e Zartoshti), also known as Mazdayasna and Behdin, is an Iranian religion.
See Music of Iran and Zoroastrianism
16th century
The 16th century began with the Julian year 1501 (represented by the Roman numerals MDI) and ended with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 (MDC), depending on the reckoning used (the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582).
See Music of Iran and 16th century
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Iran
Also known as History of Iranian music, History of Persian music, Iranian Music, Music history of Iran, Music of Persia, Pisha, The History of Persian Music.
, Ferdowsi, Geographica, Ghaznavids, Gold, Grand Prix du Disque for World Music, Greeks, Gusans, Harmonic series (music), Harp, Harvard University Press, Herodotus, Hip hop music, History of Iran, Honorific nicknames in popular music, Hooshmand Aghili, Hossein Alizadeh, Ibrahim al-Mawsili, India, Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults, Iran, Iranian Armenians, Iranian calendars, Iranian diaspora, Iranian folk music, Iranian hip hop, Iranian jazz, Iranian pop music, Iranian reformists, Iranian Revolution, Iranian rock, Ishaq al-Mawsili, Jazz, Kayhan Kalhor, Khosrow II, Khwaday-Namag, Kul-e Farah, Lament, Legion of Honour, Libretto, Lily Afshar, List of Iranian composers, List of Iranian musicians, List of Iranian singers, Loris Tjeknavorian, Lute, Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Magi, Mahasti, Masters of Persian Music, Medes, Medo-Persian conflict, Mehregan, Melal Orchestra, Melody type, Middle Persian, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Minstrel, Mirza Abdollah, Mode (music), Mohammad Khatami, Mohammad Motamedi, Mohammad Reza Azadehfar, Mohammad-Reza Darvishi, Mohammad-Reza Shajarian, Monir Vakili, Mughal Empire, Music, Music genre, Music school, Music theory, Musical instrument, Muslim conquest of Persia, Nagisa (harpist), Naucratis, Notation system, Nowruz, Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra, Opera, Pahlavi dynasty, Pari Zangeneh, Parisa, Parmenion, Parthian Empire, Parthian language, Parviz Mahmoud, Persian language, Persian maqam, Persian mythology, Persian traditional music, Persianate society, Peyman Soltani, Plutarch, Popular music, Power metal, Priestly caste, Pure Steel Records, Qajar dynasty, Qajar Iran, Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi, Radif (music), Radio, Radio France, Rana Farhan, Record label, Religious music in Iran, Rock music, Roman Empire, Rostam and Sohrab, Rostam and Sohrab (opera), Rudaki, Ruhollah Khaleqi, Rumi, Safi al-Din al-Urmawi, Samanid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Sasanian music, Sattar (singer), Setar, Shahnameh, Shahram Nazeri, Shahrdad Rohani, Shakila, Shiraz Arts Festival, Silver, Songwriter, Spain, Strabo, Sumer, Symphonische Dichtungen aus Persien, Symphony, Tanbur, Taq-e Bostan, Tar (string instrument), Tariqa, Tehran, Tehran Symphony Orchestra, The Guardian, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Trumpet, Turkic peoples, Vahdat Hall, Vendidad, Viguen, West Asia, Xenophon, Ziryab, Zoroastrianism, 16th century.