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N6-Methyladenosine, the Glossary

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) was originally identified and partially characterised in the 1970s, and is an abundant modification in mRNA and DNA.^[1]

75 relations: Adenosine, Adipocyte, AlkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase, Apoptosis, Arabidopsis thaliana, Bacteria, Bacteriophage, Breast cancer, Circadian clock, Consensus sequence, Conserved sequence, Cross-linking immunoprecipitation, DNA mismatch repair, DNA repair, DNA replication, Embryo, Endonuclease, Escherichia coli, Exon, Exon junction complex, FTO gene, Gene expression, Germ cell, HNRNPA2B1, Human, IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, IGF2BP3, KH domain, Kidney cancer, Leukemia, Long non-coding RNA, Meiosis, Mesothelioma, Messenger RNA, Methylation, Methyltransferase, METTL14, METTL3, MicroRNA, Midblastula, Mouse, Mouse brain, Oligonucleotide, P53, Pancreatic cancer, Pattern recognition receptor, Polyadenylation, Prolactin, Prostate cancer, ... Expand index (25 more) »

Adenosine

Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives. N6-Methyladenosine and Adenosine are Hydroxymethyl compounds, Nucleosides and Purines.

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Adipocyte

Adipocytes, also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat.

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AlkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase

RNA demethylase ALKBH5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALKBH5 gene.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from falling off) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast.

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Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa.

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Bacteria

Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.

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Bacteriophage

A bacteriophage, also known informally as a phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Circadian clock

A circadian clock, or circadian oscillator, also known as one’s internal alarm clock is a biochemical oscillator that cycles with a stable phase and is synchronized with solar time.

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In molecular biology and bioinformatics, the consensus sequence (or canonical sequence) is the calculated sequence of most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment.

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Conserved sequence

In evolutionary biology, conserved sequences are identical or similar sequences in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins across species (orthologous sequences), or within a genome (paralogous sequences), or between donor and receptor taxa (xenologous sequences).

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Cross-linking immunoprecipitation

Cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP, or CLIP-seq) is a method used in molecular biology that combines UV crosslinking with immunoprecipitation in order to identify RNA binding sites of proteins on a transcriptome-wide scale, thereby increasing our understanding of post-transcriptional regulatory networks.

See N6-Methyladenosine and Cross-linking immunoprecipitation

DNA mismatch repair

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a system for recognizing and repairing erroneous insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage.

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DNA repair

DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.

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DNA replication

In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.

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Embryo

An embryo is the initial stage of development for a multicellular organism.

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Endonuclease

In molecular biology, endonucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain (namely DNA or RNA).

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Escherichia coli

Escherichia coliWells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary.

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Exon

An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing.

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Exon junction complex

An exon junction complex (EJC) is a protein complex which forms on a pre-messenger RNA strand at the junction of two exons which have been joined together during RNA splicing.

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FTO gene

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16.

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Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.

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Germ cell

A germ cell is any cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually.

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HNRNPA2B1

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPA2B1 gene.

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Human

Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.

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IGF2BP1

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2BP1 gene.

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IGF2BP2

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2BP2 gene.

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IGF2BP3

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF2BP3 gene.

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KH domain

The K Homology (KH) domain is a protein domain that was first identified in the human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) K. An evolutionarily conserved sequence of around 70 amino acids, the KH domain is present in a wide variety of nucleic acid-binding proteins.

See N6-Methyladenosine and KH domain

Kidney cancer

Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney.

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Leukemia

Leukemia (also spelled leukaemia; pronounced) is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and produce high numbers of abnormal blood cells.

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Long non-coding RNA

Long non-coding RNAs (long ncRNAs, lncRNA) are a type of RNA, generally defined as transcripts more than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein.

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Meiosis

Meiosis ((since it is a reductional division) is a special type of cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms that produces the gametes, the sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells, each with only one copy of each chromosome (haploid).

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Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops from the thin layer of tissue that covers many of the internal organs (known as the mesothelium).

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Messenger RNA

In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.

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Methylation

Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.

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Methyltransferase

Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features.

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METTL14

Methyltransferase like 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the METTL14 gene.

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METTL3

N6-adenosine-methyltransferase 70 kDa subunit (METTL3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the METTL3 gene.

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MicroRNA

MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides.

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Midblastula

In developmental biology, midblastula or midblastula transition (MBT) occurs during the blastula stage of embryonic development in non-mammals.

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Mouse

A mouse (mice) is a small rodent.

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Mouse brain

The mouse brain refers to the brain of Mus musculus.

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Oligonucleotide

Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics.

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P53

p53, also known as Tumor protein P53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53) is a regulatory protein that is often mutated in human cancers.

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Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass.

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Pattern recognition receptor

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the proper function of the innate immune system.

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Polyadenylation

Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA).

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Prolactin

Prolactin (PRL), also known as lactotropin and mammotropin, is a protein best known for its role in enabling mammals to produce milk.

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Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system below the bladder.

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R-loop

An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure, composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA.

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Restriction modification system

The restriction modification system (RM system) is found in bacteria and archaea, and provides a defense against foreign DNA, such as that borne by bacteriophages.

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Ribosomal RNA

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells.

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RNA splicing

RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA).

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Rous sarcoma virus

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) is a retrovirus and is the first oncovirus to have been described.

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S-Adenosyl methionine

S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM), also known under the commercial names of SAMe, SAM-e, or AdoMet, is a common cosubstrate involved in methyl group transfers, transsulfuration, and aminopropylation.

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Sarcoma

A sarcoma is a malignant tumor, a type of cancer that arises from cells of mesenchymal (connective tissue) origin.

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Sequence homology

Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life.

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Small interfering RNA

Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded RNA at first non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20–24 (normally 21) base pairs in length, similar to miRNA, and operating within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway.

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Small nuclear RNA

Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a class of small RNA molecules that are found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells.

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Stem cell

In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can change into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell.

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Stomach cancer

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach.

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Stop codon

In molecular biology, a stop codon (or termination codon) is a codon (nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA) that signals the termination of the translation process of the current protein.

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Three prime untranslated region

In molecular genetics, the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon.

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Transcription (biology)

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

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Transcriptome

The transcriptome is the set of all RNA transcripts, including coding and non-coding, in an individual or a population of cells.

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Transfer RNA

Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes), that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N6-Methyladenosine

Also known as (m6A), 6mA, C11H15N5O4, M6A, Methyladenosine, N6-methyladenosine (m6A).

, R-loop, Restriction modification system, Ribosomal RNA, RNA splicing, Rous sarcoma virus, S-Adenosyl methionine, Sarcoma, Sequence homology, Small interfering RNA, Small nuclear RNA, Stem cell, Stomach cancer, Stop codon, Three prime untranslated region, Transcription (biology), Transcriptome, Transfer RNA, WTAP (gene), XIST, YTH protein domain, YTHDC1, YTHDF1, YTHDF2, YTHDF3, ZC3H13.

N6-Methyladenosine, the Glossary

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References