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Neoplatonism, the Glossary

Index Neoplatonism

Neoplatonism is a version of Platonic philosophy that emerged in the 3rd century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 201 relations: A History of God, Abingdon-on-Thames, Absolute (philosophy), Adolf von Harnack, Afterlife, Against the Christians, Al-Farabi, Al-Kindi, Alexandria, Allegorical interpretations of Plato, Ammonius Saccas, Analogy of the Sun, Ancient Egyptian religion, Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek religion, Angel, Anima mundi, Antioch, Antiochus of Ascalon, Apollo, Aristotelianism, Aristotle, Arthur Schopenhauer, Asclepigenia, Athenagoras of Athens, Athens, Atticus (philosopher), Augustine of Hippo, Avicenna, Azriel of Gerona, Baháʼí cosmology, Baruch Spinoza, Basilides, Benjamin Whichcote, Brethren of Purity, Cambridge Platonists, Categories (Aristotle), Christian philosophy, Christianity, Constantinople, Contemplation, Coptic monasticism, Copts, Cosimo de' Medici, Council of Florence, Critique of Pure Reason, Curriculum, Cyril of Alexandria, Damascius, Dehellenization of Christianity, ... Expand index (151 more) »

  2. Classical theism
  3. Monism
  4. Universalism

A History of God

A History of God is a book by Karen Armstrong that was published by Knopf in 1993.

See Neoplatonism and A History of God

Abingdon-on-Thames

Abingdon-on-Thames, commonly known as Abingdon, is a historic market town and civil parish on the River Thames in the Vale of the White Horse district of Oxfordshire, England.

See Neoplatonism and Abingdon-on-Thames

Absolute (philosophy)

In philosophy (often specifically metaphysics), the absolute, in most common usage, is a perfect, self-sufficient reality that depends upon nothing external to itself. Neoplatonism and absolute (philosophy) are Universalism.

See Neoplatonism and Absolute (philosophy)

Adolf von Harnack

Carl Gustav Adolf von Harnack (born Harnack; 7 May 1851 – 10 June 1930) was a Baltic German Lutheran theologian and prominent Church historian.

See Neoplatonism and Adolf von Harnack

Afterlife

The afterlife or life after death is a purported existence in which the essential part of an individual's stream of consciousness or identity continues to exist after the death of their physical body.

See Neoplatonism and Afterlife

Against the Christians

Against the Christians (Κατὰ Χριστιανῶν; Adversus Christianos) is a late 3rd-century book written by Roman-Phoenician Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry of Tyre, challenging the writings of Christian philosophers and theologians.

See Neoplatonism and Against the Christians

Al-Farabi

Postage stamp of the USSR, issued on the 1100th anniversary of the birth of Al-Farabi (1975) Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-Fārābī; — 14 December 950–12 January 951), known in the Latin West as Alpharabius, was an early Islamic philosopher and music theorist.

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Al-Kindi

Abū Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي; Alkindus) was an Arab Muslim polymath active as a philosopher, mathematician, physician, and music theorist.

See Neoplatonism and Al-Kindi

Alexandria

Alexandria (الإسكندرية; Ἀλεξάνδρεια, Coptic: Ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ - Rakoti or ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) is the second largest city in Egypt and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast.

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Allegorical interpretations of Plato

Many interpreters of Plato held that his writings contain passages with double meanings, called allegories, symbols, or myths, that give the dialogues layers of figurative meaning in addition to their usual literal meaning.

See Neoplatonism and Allegorical interpretations of Plato

Ammonius Saccas

Ammonius Saccas (Ἀμμώνιος Σακκᾶς; 175 AD243 AD) was a Hellenistic Platonist self-taught philosopher from Alexandria, generally regarded as the precursor of Neoplatonism and/or one of its founders.

See Neoplatonism and Ammonius Saccas

Analogy of the Sun

The analogy of the Sun (or simile of the Sun or metaphor of the Sun) is found in the sixth book of The Republic (507b–509c), written by the Greek philosopher Plato as a dialogue between his brother Glaucon and Socrates, and narrated by the latter.

See Neoplatonism and Analogy of the Sun

Ancient Egyptian religion

Ancient Egyptian religion was a complex system of polytheistic beliefs and rituals that formed an integral part of ancient Egyptian culture.

See Neoplatonism and Ancient Egyptian religion

Ancient Greek philosophy

Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC.

See Neoplatonism and Ancient Greek philosophy

Ancient Greek religion

Religious practices in ancient Greece encompassed a collection of beliefs, rituals, and mythology, in the form of both popular public religion and cult practices.

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Angel

In Abrahamic religious traditions (such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) and some sects of other belief-systems like Hinduism and Buddhism, an angel is a heavenly supernatural or spiritual being.

See Neoplatonism and Angel

Anima mundi

The anima mundi (Latin), world soul (ψυχὴ κόσμου), or soul of the world (ψυχὴ τοῦ κόσμου) is an intrinsic connection between all living beings according to several systems of thought, which hold that it relates to the world in much the same way as the animating force or immortal soul is connected to the human body. Neoplatonism and anima mundi are spirituality.

See Neoplatonism and Anima mundi

Antioch

Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.

See Neoplatonism and Antioch

Antiochus of Ascalon

Antiochus of Ascalon (Άντίοχος ὁ Ἀσκαλώνιος) was an 1st-century BC Platonist philosopher who rejected skepticism and blended Stoic doctrines with Platonism as the first philosopher in the tradition of Middle Platonism.

See Neoplatonism and Antiochus of Ascalon

Apollo

Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.

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Aristotelianism

Aristotelianism is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics.

See Neoplatonism and Aristotelianism

Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. Neoplatonism and Aristotle are classical theism.

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Arthur Schopenhauer

Arthur Schopenhauer (22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher.

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Asclepigenia

Asclepigenia (Ἀσκληπιγένεια; fl. 430 – 485 AD) was an Athenian philosopher and mystic.

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Athenagoras of Athens

Athenagoras (Ἀθηναγόρας ὁ Ἀθηναῖος; c. 133 – c. 190 AD) was a Father of the Church, an Ante-Nicene Christian apologist who lived during the second half of the 2nd century of whom little is known for certain, besides that he was Athenian (though possibly not originally from Athens), a philosopher, and a convert to Christianity.

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Athens

Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.

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Atticus (philosopher)

Atticus (fl. c. 175 AD) was an ancient Platonic philosopher who lived in the second century of the Christian era, under the emperor Marcus Aurelius.

See Neoplatonism and Atticus (philosopher)

Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.

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Avicenna

Ibn Sina (translit; – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers.

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Azriel of Gerona

Azriel ibn Menahem ibn Ibrahim al-Tarās (Arabic: عزريل بن مناحيمبن ابراهيمالتاراس Azrēyl bin Mināḥīm ben Ibrāhim āl-Tārās; Hebrew: עזריאל בן מנחם בן אברהם אלתראס ʿÁzrīyʾēl ben Mənáḥēm ben ʾAḇrāhām al-Taras; –) also known as Azriel of Girona was the founder of speculative Kabbalah and the Gironian Kabbalist school.

See Neoplatonism and Azriel of Gerona

Baháʼí cosmology

In Baháʼí cosmology reality is divided into three divisions.

See Neoplatonism and Baháʼí cosmology

Baruch Spinoza

Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 163221 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin.

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Basilides

Basilides (Greek: Βασιλείδης) was an early Christian Gnostic religious teacher in Alexandria, Egypt who taught from 117 to 138 AD, notes that to prove that the heretical sects were "later than the catholic Church," Clement of Alexandria assigns Christ's own teaching to the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius; that of the apostles, of at least, ends, he says, in the time of Nero; whereas "the authors of the sects arose later, about the times of the emperor Hadrian, and continued quite as late as the age of the elder Antoninus." He gives as examples Basilides, Valentinus, and (if the text is sound) Marcion.

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Benjamin Whichcote

Benjamin Whichcote (March 1609 – May 1683) was an English Establishment and Puritan divine, Provost of King's College, Cambridge and leader of the Cambridge Platonists.

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Brethren of Purity

The Brethren of Purity (Ikhwān Al-Ṣafā; also The Brethren of Sincerity) were a secret society of Muslim philosophers in Basra, Iraq, in the 9th or 10th century CE.

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Cambridge Platonists

The Cambridge Platonists were an influential group of Platonist philosophers and Christian theologians at the University of Cambridge that existed during the 17th century.

See Neoplatonism and Cambridge Platonists

Categories (Aristotle)

The Categories (Greek Κατηγορίαι Katēgoriai; Latin Categoriae or Praedicamenta) is a text from Aristotle's Organon that enumerates all the possible kinds of things that can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition.

See Neoplatonism and Categories (Aristotle)

Christian philosophy

Christian philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Christians, or in relation to the religion of Christianity.

See Neoplatonism and Christian philosophy

Christianity

Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.

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Contemplation

In a religious context, the practice of contemplation seeks a direct awareness of the divine which transcends the intellect, often in accordance with religious practices such as meditation or prayer. Neoplatonism and contemplation are spirituality.

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Coptic monasticism

Coptic monasticism was a movement in the Coptic Orthodox Church to create a holy, separate class of person from layman Christians.

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Copts

Copts (niremənkhēmi; al-qibṭ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group indigenous to North Africa who have primarily inhabited the area of modern Egypt since antiquity.

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Cosimo de' Medici

Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici (27 September 1389 – 1 August 1464) was an Italian banker and politician who established the Medici family as effective rulers of Florence during much of the Italian Renaissance.

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Council of Florence

The Council of Florence is the seventeenth ecumenical council recognized by the Catholic Church, held between 1431 and 1449.

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Critique of Pure Reason

The Critique of Pure Reason (Kritik der reinen Vernunft; 1781; second edition 1787) is a book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, in which the author seeks to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics.

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Curriculum

In education, a curriculum (curriculums or curricula) is the totality of student experiences that occur in an educational process.

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Cyril of Alexandria

Cyril of Alexandria (Κύριλλος Ἀλεξανδρείας; Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲩ ⲁ̅or ⲡⲓ̀ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ Ⲕⲓⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲥ; 376–444) was the Patriarch of Alexandria from 412 to 444.

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Damascius

Damascius (Δαμάσκιος, 462 – after 538), known as "the last of the Athenian Neoplatonists", was the last scholarch of the neoplatonic Athenian school.

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Dehellenization of Christianity

Dehellenization is a term used in Catholicism to refer to the idea that Christianity should be divorced from its roots in ancient Greek philosophical thought.

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Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

See Neoplatonism and Deity

Demiurge

In the Platonic, Neopythagorean, Middle Platonic, and Neoplatonic schools of philosophy, the demiurge (sometimes spelled as demiurg) is an artisan-like figure responsible for fashioning and maintaining the physical universe.

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Demon

A demon is a malevolent supernatural entity.

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Divinity

Divinity or the divine are things that are either related to, devoted to, or proceeding from a deity.

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Dogmatic theology

Dogmatic theology, also called dogmatics, is the part of theology dealing with the theoretical truths of faith concerning God and God's works, especially the official theology recognized by an organized Church body, such as the Roman Catholic Church, Dutch Reformed Church, etc.

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Dualism in cosmology

Dualism in cosmology or dualistic cosmology is the moral or spiritual belief that two fundamental concepts exist, which often oppose each other.

See Neoplatonism and Dualism in cosmology

Early Islamic philosophy

Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).

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East

East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass.

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East–West Schism

The East–West Schism, also known as the Great Schism or the Schism of 1054, is the break of communion between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches since 1054.

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Eastern Christianity

Eastern Christianity comprises Christian traditions and church families that originally developed during classical and late antiquity in the Eastern Mediterranean region or locations further east, south or north.

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Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodoxy, otherwise known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity or Byzantine Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism.

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Emanationism

Emanationism is an idea in the cosmology or cosmogony of certain religious or philosophical systems. Neoplatonism and Emanationism are classical theism.

See Neoplatonism and Emanationism

Enneads

The Enneads (Ἐννεάδες), fully The Six Enneads, is the collection of writings of the philosopher Plotinus, edited and compiled by his student Porphyry (270).

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Eternity

Eternity, in common parlance, is an infinite amount of time that never ends or the quality, condition or fact of being everlasting or eternal.

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Euclid's Elements

The Elements (Στοιχεῖα) is a mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid 300 BC.

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Eusebius

Eusebius of Caesarea (Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek Syro-Palestinian historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist.

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Evil

Evil, by one definition, is being bad and acting out morally incorrect behavior; or it is the condition of causing unnecessary pain and suffering, thus containing a net negative on the world.

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First principle

In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption.

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Friedrich Schleiermacher

Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher (21 November 1768 – 12 February 1834) was a German Reformed theologian, philosopher, and biblical scholar known for his attempt to reconcile the criticisms of the Enlightenment with traditional Protestant Christianity.

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Gaius Marius Victorinus

Gaius Marius Victorinus (also known as Victorinus Afer; fl. 4th century) was a Roman grammarian, rhetorician and Neoplatonic philosopher.

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Gemistos Plethon

Georgios Gemistos Plethon (Γεώργιος Γεμιστὸς Πλήθων; Georgius Gemistus Pletho /1360 – 1452/1454), commonly known as Gemistos Plethon, was a Greek scholar and one of the most renowned philosophers of the late Byzantine era.

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Giovanni Pico della Mirandola

Giovanni Pico dei conti della Mirandola e della Concordia (24 February 1463 – 17 November 1494), known as Pico della Mirandola, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and philosopher.

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Gnosticism

Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek:, romanized: gnōstikós, Koine Greek: ɣnostiˈkos, 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among Jewish and early Christian sects. Neoplatonism and Gnosticism are spirituality and Western esotericism.

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Helios

In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Helios (Ἥλιος ||Sun; Homeric Greek: Ἠέλιος) is the god who personifies the Sun.

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Hellenistic philosophy

Hellenistic philosophy is Ancient Greek philosophy corresponding to the Hellenistic period in Ancient Greece, from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC to the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.

See Neoplatonism and Hellenistic philosophy

Hellenistic religion

The concept of Hellenistic religion as the late form of Ancient Greek religion covers any of the various systems of beliefs and practices of the people who lived under the influence of ancient Greek culture during the Hellenistic period and the Roman Empire (300 BCE to 300 CE).

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Henology

Henology is the philosophical account or discourse on the One that appears most notably in the philosophy of Plotinus. Neoplatonism and Henology are Monism and mysticism.

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Henosis

Henosis (ἕνωσις) is the classical Greek word for mystical "oneness", "union" or "unity". Neoplatonism and Henosis are mysticism.

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Henry More

Henry More (12 October 1614 – 1 September 1687) was an English philosopher of the Cambridge Platonist school.

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Hermeticism

Hermeticism or Hermetism is a philosophical and religious system based on the purported teachings of Hermes Trismegistus (a Hellenistic conflation of the Greek god Hermes and the Egyptian god Thoth). Neoplatonism and Hermeticism are classical theism, mysticism and Western esotericism.

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Himsi

Himsi (حِمْصي /) or Homsi (Levantine Arabic: حُمْصي / Ḥomṣi) is an Arabic locational surname, nisba, which means a person from Homs, Syria or those who traded with the residents of Homs, Syria.

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Hypatia

Hypatia (born 350–370; died 415 AD) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, then part of the Eastern Roman Empire.

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Hypostasis (philosophy and religion)

Hypostasis (plural: hypostases), from the Greek italic (hypóstasis), is the underlying, fundamental state or substance that supports all of reality.

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Iamblichus

Iamblichus (Iámblichos; Arabic: يَمْلِكُ, romanized: Yamlīḵū; label) was an Arab neoplatonic philosopher.

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Ibn Arabi

Ibn ʿArabī (ابن عربي,; full name: أبو عبد الله محـمـد بن عربي الطائي الحاتمي,; 1165–1240) was an Andalusi Arab scholar, mystic, poet, and philosopher, extremely influential within Islamic thought.

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Idealism

Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical idealism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, spirit, or consciousness; that reality is entirely a mental construct; or that ideas are the highest type of reality or have the greatest claim to being considered "real".

See Neoplatonism and Idealism

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers.

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Immortality

Immortality is the concept of eternal life.

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Incarnation (Christianity)

In Christian theology, the doctrine of incarnation teaches that the pre-existent divine person of Jesus Christ, God the Son, the second person of the Trinity, and the eternally begotten Logos (Koine Greek for "word"), took upon human nature and "was made flesh" by being conceived in the womb of a woman, the Virgin Mary, also known as the Theotokos (Greek for "God-bearer" or "Mother of God").

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Indian philosophy

Indian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent.

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International Society for Neoplatonic Studies

The International Society for Neoplatonic Studies (ISNS) is a learned society established in 1973 to support teaching and research relating to Neoplatonism.

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Iranian philosophy

Iranian philosophy (Persian: فلسفه ایرانی) or Persian philosophy can be traced back as far as to Old Iranian philosophical traditions and thoughts which originated in ancient Indo-Iranian roots and were considerably influenced by Zarathustra's teachings.

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Isaac the Blind

Isaac the Blind (רַבִּי יִצְחַק סַגִּי נְהוֹר Rabbī Yīṣḥaq Saggī Nəhōr, literally "Rabbi Isaac, of much light"; c. 1160–1235 in Provence, France), was a French rabbi and a famous writer on Kabbalah (Jewish mysticism).

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Isagoge

The Isagoge (Εἰσαγωγή, Eisagōgḗ) or "Introduction" to Aristotle's "Categories", written by Porphyry in Greek and translated into Latin by Boethius, was the standard textbook on logic for at least a millennium after his death.

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Islamic philosophy

Islamic philosophy is philosophy that emerges from the Islamic tradition.

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Italian Renaissance

The Italian Renaissance (Rinascimento) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Jerome

Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was an early Christian priest, confessor, theologian, translator, and historian; he is commonly known as Saint Jerome.

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Jesus

Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

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Jewish philosophy

Jewish philosophy includes all philosophy carried out by Jews, or in relation to the religion of Judaism.

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John D. Turner

John D. Turner (15 July 1938 in Glen Ridge - 26 October 2019) was the Cotner Professor of Religious Studies and Charles J. Mach University Professor of Classics and History Classics & Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska.

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John Scotus Eriugena

John Scotus Eriugena, also known as Johannes Scotus Erigena, John the Scot, or John the Irish-born (– c. 877) was an Irish Neoplatonist philosopher, theologian and poet of the Early Middle Ages.

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John Smith (Platonist)

John Smith (1618, Achurch, Northamptonshire – 7 August 1652, Cambridge) was an English philosopher, theologian, and educator.

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John the Evangelist

John the Evangelist is the name traditionally given to the author of the Gospel of John. Christians have traditionally identified him with John the Apostle, John of Patmos, and John the Presbyter, although there is no consensus as to whether all of these indeed refer to the same individual.

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Judaism

Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.

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Justin Martyr

Justin, known posthumously as Justin Martyr (Ioustinos ho martys), also known as Justin the Philosopher, was an early Christian apologist and philosopher.

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Justinian I

Justinian I (Iūstīniānus,; Ioustinianós,; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565.

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Kabbalah

Kabbalah or Qabalah (קַבָּלָה|Qabbālā|reception, tradition) is an esoteric method, discipline and school of thought in Jewish mysticism.

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List of ancient Greek philosophers

This list of ancient Greek philosophers contains philosophers who studied in ancient Greece or spoke Greek.

See Neoplatonism and List of ancient Greek philosophers

Logic

Logic is the study of correct reasoning.

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Logos

Logos (lit) is a term used in Western philosophy, psychology and rhetoric, as well as religion (notably Christianity); among its connotations is that of a rational form of discourse that relies on inductive and deductive reasoning.

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Logos (Christianity)

In Christianity, the Logos (lit) is a name or title of Jesus Christ, seen as the pre-existent second person of the Trinity.

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Maimonides

Moses ben Maimon (1138–1204), commonly known as Maimonides and also referred to by the Hebrew acronym Rambam (רמב״ם), was a Sephardic rabbi and philosopher who became one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages.

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Manichaeism

Manichaeism (in New Persian آیینِ مانی) is a former major world religion,R.

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Maria Dzielska

Maria Celina Dzielska (née Dąbrowska, 18 September 1942 – 30 July 2018) was a Polish classical philologist, historian, translator, biographer of Hypatia and political activist.

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Marsilio Ficino

Marsilio T. Ficino (Latin name: Marsilius Ficinus; 19 October 1433 – 1 October 1499) was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance.

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Maximus the Confessor

Maximus the Confessor (Maximos ho Homologētēs), also spelled Maximos, otherwise known as Maximus the Theologian and Maximus of Constantinople (– 13 August 662), was a Christian monk, theologian, and scholar.

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Meister Eckhart

Eckhart von Hochheim (–), commonly known as Meister Eckhart, Master Eckhart or Eckehart, claimed original name Johannes Eckhart, by Father Reiner Schürmann, O.P. on Britannica was a German Catholic theologian, philosopher and mystic, born near Gotha in the Landgraviate of Thuringia (now central Germany) in the Holy Roman Empire.

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Michael Psellos

Michael Psellos or Psellus (Michaḗl Psellós) was a Byzantine Greek monk, savant, writer, philosopher, imperial courtier, historian and music theorist.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Middle Platonism

Middle Platonism is the modern name given to a stage in the development of Platonic philosophy, lasting from about 90 BC – when Antiochus of Ascalon rejected the scepticism of the new Academy – until the development of neoplatonism under Plotinus in the 3rd century.

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Mind

The mind is what thinks, feels, perceives, imagines, remembers, and wills, encompassing the totality of mental phenomena.

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Monism

Monism attributes oneness or singleness to a concept, such as to existence.

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Monotheism

Monotheism is the belief that one god is the only deity.

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Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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Mysticism

Mysticism is popularly known as becoming one with God or the Absolute, but may refer to any kind of ecstasy or altered state of consciousness which is given a religious or spiritual meaning. Neoplatonism and Mysticism are spirituality.

See Neoplatonism and Mysticism

Nachmanides

Moses ben Nachman (מֹשֶׁה בֶּן־נָחְמָן Mōše ben-Nāḥmān, "Moses son of Nachman"; 1194–1270), commonly known as Nachmanides (Ναχμανίδης Nakhmanídēs), and also referred to by the acronym Ramban and by the contemporary nickname Bonastruc ça Porta (literally "Mazel Tov near the Gate", see), was a leading medieval Jewish scholar, Catalan rabbi, philosopher, physician, kabbalist, and biblical commentator.

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Neopythagoreanism

Neopythagoreanism (or neo-Pythagoreanism) was a school of Hellenistic and Roman philosophy which revived Pythagorean doctrines. Neoplatonism and Neopythagoreanism are mysticism.

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New York City

New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nous

Nous, from, is a concept from classical philosophy, sometimes equated to intellect or intelligence, for the faculty of the human mind necessary for understanding what is true or real.

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Numenius of Apamea

Numenius of Apamea (Νουμήνιος ὁ ἐξ Ἀπαμείας, Noumēnios ho ex Apameias; Numenius Apamensis) was a Greek philosopher, who lived in Rome, and flourished during the latter half of the 2nd century AD.

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Okhema

(ὄχημα) refers to the "carrier" or "vehicle" of the soul, serving as the intermediary between the body and the soul, in Neoplatonism and the philosophical traditions it influenced.

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On the Universe

On the Universe (De Mundo) is a theological and scientific treatise included in the Corpus Aristotelicum but usually regarded as spurious.

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Oracle

An oracle is a person or thing considered to provide insight, wise counsel or prophetic predictions, most notably including precognition of the future, inspired by deities.

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Orestes (prefect of Egypt)

Orestes (fl. 415 AD) was a Roman state official serving as governor of the diocese of Egypt (the Augustal prefect) in 415.

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Origen

Origen of Alexandria (185 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an early Christian scholar, ascetic, and theologian who was born and spent the first half of his career in Alexandria.

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Oxford

Oxford is a city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Paganism

Paganism (from classical Latin pāgānus "rural", "rustic", later "civilian") is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Judaism.

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Panentheism

Panentheism ("all in God", from the Greek label, label and label) is the belief that the divine intersects every part of the universe and also extends beyond space and time.

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Pantheism

Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity. Neoplatonism and Pantheism are Monism.

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Parabalani

The Parabalani (Late Latin parabalānī, "persons who risk their lives as nurses", from παραβαλανεῖς) or Parabolani (from παραβολᾶνοι or παράβολοι) were the members of a brotherhood, who in early Christianity voluntarily undertook the care of the sick and the burial of the dead, knowing that they themselves could die.

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Parerga and Paralipomena

Parerga and Paralipomena (Greek for "Appendices" and "Omissions", respectively; Parerga und Paralipomena) is a collection of philosophical reflections by Arthur Schopenhauer published in 1851.

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Paul the Apostle

Paul (Koinē Greek: Παῦλος, romanized: Paûlos), also named Saul of Tarsus (Aramaic: ܫܐܘܠ, romanized: Šāʾūl), commonly known as Paul the Apostle and Saint Paul, was a Christian apostle (AD) who spread the teachings of Jesus in the first-century world.

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Perception

Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.

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Perennial philosophy

The perennial philosophy (philosophia perennis), also referred to as perennialism and perennial wisdom, is a school of thought in philosophy and spirituality which posits that the recurrence of common themes across world religions illuminates universal truths about the nature of reality, humanity, ethics, and consciousness.

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Peripatetic school

The Peripatetic school was a philosophical school founded in 335 BC by Aristotle in the Lyceum in Ancient Athens.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia, colloquially referred to as Philly, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the nation, with a population of 1,603,797 in the 2020 census.

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Philip K. Dick

Philip Kindred Dick (December 16, 1928 – March 2, 1982), often referred to by his initials PKD, was an American science fiction writer and novelist.

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Philo

Philo of Alexandria (Phílōn; Yəḏīḏyāh), also called italics, was a Hellenistic Jewish philosopher who lived in Alexandria, in the Roman province of Egypt.

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Philosophy

Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language.

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Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. Neoplatonism and Plato are classical theism.

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Platonic Academy

The Academy (Akadēmía), variously known as Plato's Academy, the Platonic Academy, and the Academic School, was founded at Athens by Plato circa 387 BC.

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Platonic Academy (Florence)

The Platonic Academy of Florence (Italian: Accademia Platonica di Firenze) was an informal discussion group which formed around Marsilio Ficino in the Florentine Renaissance of the fifteenth century.

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Platonism

Platonism is the philosophy of Plato and philosophical systems closely derived from it, though contemporary Platonists do not necessarily accept all doctrines of Plato. Neoplatonism and Platonism are classical theism.

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Pleroma

Pleroma (πλήρωμα, literally "fullness") generally refers to the totality of divine powers.

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Plotinus

Plotinus (Πλωτῖνος, Plōtînos; – 270 CE) was a Greek Platonist philosopher, born and raised in Roman Egypt. Neoplatonism and Plotinus are classical theism.

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Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

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Porphyry (philosopher)

Porphyry of Tyre (Πορφύριος, Porphýrios; –) was a Neoplatonic philosopher born in Tyre, Roman Phoenicia during Roman rule.

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Process philosophy

Process philosophy, also ontology of becoming, or processism, is an approach in philosophy that identifies processes, changes, or shifting relationships as the only real experience of everyday living.

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Proclus

Proclus Lycius (8 February 412 – 17 April 485), called Proclus the Successor (Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος, Próklos ho Diádokhos), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, one of the last major classical philosophers of late antiquity.

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Pseudo-Aristotle

Pseudo-Aristotle is a general cognomen for authors of philosophical or medical treatises who attributed their work to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, or whose work was later attributed to him by others.

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Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (or Dionysius the Pseudo-Areopagite) was a Greek author, Christian theologian and Neoplatonic philosopher of the late 5th to early 6th century, who wrote a set of works known as the Corpus Areopagiticum or Corpus Dionysiacum.

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Ralph Cudworth

Ralph Cudworth (1617 – 26 June 1688) was an English Anglican clergyman, Christian Hebraist, classicist, theologian and philosopher, and a leading figure among the Cambridge Platonists who became 11th Regius Professor of Hebrew (1645–88), 26th Master of Clare Hall (1645–54), and 14th Master of Christ's College (1654–88).

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Reincarnation

Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death.

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Renaissance

The Renaissance is a period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Republic (Plato)

The Republic (Politeia) is a Socratic dialogue, authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice, the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man.

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Rhetorical school of Gaza

The rhetorical school of Gaza was a group of influential scholars based in Gaza in Late Antiquity (5th–6th centuries), many of whom exhibited a teacher-pupil relationship and participated as orators in local public life.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Samkhya

Samkhya or Sankhya (sāṃkhya) is a dualistic orthodox school of Hindu philosophy.

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Samuel Taylor Coleridge (21 October 177225 July 1834) was an English poet, literary critic, philosopher, and theologian who was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England and a member of the Lake Poets with his friend William Wordsworth.

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Simplicius of Cilicia

Simplicius of Cilicia (Σιμπλίκιος ὁ Κίλιξ; c. 480 – c. 540) was a disciple of Ammonius Hermiae and Damascius, and was one of the last of the Neoplatonists.

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Society for Classical Studies

The Society for Classical Studies (SCS), formerly known as the American Philological Association (APA), is a non-profit North American scholarly organization devoted to all aspects of Greek and Roman civilization founded in 1869.

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Solomon ibn Gabirol

Solomon ibn Gabirol or Solomon ben Judah (Shlomo Ben Yehuda ibn Gabirol,; ’Abū ’Ayyūb Sulaymān bin Yaḥyá bin Jabīrūl) was an 11th-century Jewish poet and philosopher in the Neo-Platonic tradition in Al-Andalus.

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Soul

In many religious and philosophical traditions, the soul is the non-material essence of a person, which includes one's identity, personality, and memories, an immaterial aspect or essence of a living being that is believed to be able to survive physical death.

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Spirituality

The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other.

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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) is a freely available online philosophy resource published and maintained by Stanford University, encompassing both an online encyclopedia of philosophy and peer-reviewed original publication.

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Stephanus of Alexandria

Stephanus of Alexandria (fl. c. 580 – c. 640) was a Byzantine philosopher and teacher who, besides philosophy in the Neo-Platonic tradition, also wrote on alchemy, astrology and astronomy.

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Stoic physics

Stoic physics refers to the natural philosophy of the Stoic philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome which they used to explain the natural processes at work in the universe.

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Stoicism

Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that flourished in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Neoplatonism and Stoicism are Monism.

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Suzanne Lilar

Baroness Suzanne Lilar (née Suzanne Verbist; 21 May 1901 – 11 December 1992) was a Flemish Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright writing in French.

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Syrianus

Syrianus (Συριανός, Syrianos; died c. 437 A.D.) was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, and head of Plato's Academy in Athens, succeeding his teacher Plutarch of Athens in 431/432 A.D. He is important as the teacher of Proclus, and, like Plutarch and Proclus, as a commentator on Plato and Aristotle.

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Teleology

Teleology (from, and)Partridge, Eric.

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Thales of Miletus

Thales of Miletus (Θαλῆς) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus in Ionia, Asia Minor.

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The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick

The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick is a 2011 non-fiction book containing the published selections of a journal kept by the science fiction writer Philip K. Dick, in which he documented and explored his religious and visionary experiences.

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Theology

Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity.

See Neoplatonism and Theology

Theurgy

Theurgy, also known as divine magic, is one of two major branches of the magical arts,Pierre A. Riffard, Dictionnaire de l'ésotérisme, Paris: Payot, 1983, 340. Neoplatonism and Theurgy are mysticism.

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Thomas Aquinas

Thomas Aquinas (Aquino; – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and priest, an influential philosopher and theologian, and a jurist in the tradition of scholasticism from the county of Aquino in the Kingdom of Sicily. Neoplatonism and Thomas Aquinas are classical theism.

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Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist)

Thomas Taylor (15 May 17581 November 1835) was an English translator and Neoplatonist, the first to translate into English the complete works of Aristotle and of Plato, as well as the Orphic fragments.

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Timaeus (dialogue)

Timaeus (Timaios) is one of Plato's dialogues, mostly in the form of long monologues given by Critias and Timaeus, written 360 BC.

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Time

Time is the continued sequence of existence and events that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, and into the future.

See Neoplatonism and Time

Transcendence (philosophy)

In philosophy, transcendence is the basic ground concept from the word's literal meaning (from Latin), of climbing or going beyond, albeit with varying connotations in its different historical and cultural stages. Neoplatonism and transcendence (philosophy) are spirituality.

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Universality (philosophy)

In philosophy, universality or absolutism is the idea that universal facts exist and can be progressively discovered, as opposed to relativism, which asserts that all facts are relative to one's perspective.

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Universe

The universe is all of space and time and their contents.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is a public collegiate research university in Cambridge, England.

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University of Pennsylvania

The University of Pennsylvania, commonly referenced as Penn or UPenn, is a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

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Valentinus (Gnostic)

Valentinus (–) was the best known and, for a time, most successful early Christian Gnostic theologian.

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Western Christianity

Western Christianity is one of two subdivisions of Christianity (Eastern Christianity being the other).

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Western philosophy

Western philosophy, the part of philosophical thought and work of the Western world.

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World

The world is the totality of entities, the whole of reality, or everything that exists.

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Yahweh

Yahweh was an ancient Levantine deity, and the national god of the Israelite kingdoms of Israel and Judah, later the god of Judaism and its other descendant Abrahamic religions.

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See also

Classical theism

Monism

Universalism

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplatonism

Also known as Bibliography of Neoplatonism, Islamic neoplatonism, Late Ancient Platonism, Late Platonism, Modern Neoplatonism, Neo Platonism, Neo-Platism, Neo-Platonic, Neo-Platonic school, Neo-Platonicism, Neo-Platonism, Neo-Platonist, Neo-platonists, Neoplatonic, Neoplatonic philosophy, Neoplatonic school, Neoplatonics, Neoplatonist, Neoplatonists, New platonic school, Platonist ethics, The One (Neoplatonism).

, Deity, Demiurge, Demon, Divinity, Dogmatic theology, Dualism in cosmology, Early Islamic philosophy, East, East–West Schism, Eastern Christianity, Eastern Orthodoxy, Emanationism, Enneads, Eternity, Euclid's Elements, Eusebius, Evil, First principle, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Gaius Marius Victorinus, Gemistos Plethon, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Gnosticism, Helios, Hellenistic philosophy, Hellenistic religion, Henology, Henosis, Henry More, Hermeticism, Himsi, Hypatia, Hypostasis (philosophy and religion), Iamblichus, Ibn Arabi, Idealism, Immanuel Kant, Immortality, Incarnation (Christianity), Indian philosophy, International Society for Neoplatonic Studies, Iranian philosophy, Isaac the Blind, Isagoge, Islamic philosophy, Italian Renaissance, Jerome, Jesus, Jewish philosophy, John D. Turner, John Scotus Eriugena, John Smith (Platonist), John the Evangelist, Judaism, Justin Martyr, Justinian I, Kabbalah, List of ancient Greek philosophers, Logic, Logos, Logos (Christianity), Maimonides, Manichaeism, Maria Dzielska, Marsilio Ficino, Maximus the Confessor, Meister Eckhart, Michael Psellos, Middle Ages, Middle Platonism, Mind, Monism, Monotheism, Muslim world, Muslims, Mysticism, Nachmanides, Neopythagoreanism, New York City, Nous, Numenius of Apamea, Okhema, On the Universe, Oracle, Orestes (prefect of Egypt), Origen, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Paganism, Panentheism, Pantheism, Parabalani, Parerga and Paralipomena, Paul the Apostle, Perception, Perennial philosophy, Peripatetic school, Philadelphia, Philip K. Dick, Philo, Philosophy, Plato, Platonic Academy, Platonic Academy (Florence), Platonism, Pleroma, Plotinus, Plutarch, Porphyry (philosopher), Process philosophy, Proclus, Pseudo-Aristotle, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, Ralph Cudworth, Reincarnation, Renaissance, Republic (Plato), Rhetorical school of Gaza, Routledge, Samkhya, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Simplicius of Cilicia, Society for Classical Studies, Solomon ibn Gabirol, Soul, Spirituality, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stephanus of Alexandria, Stoic physics, Stoicism, Suzanne Lilar, Syrianus, Teleology, Thales of Miletus, The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick, Theology, Theurgy, Thomas Aquinas, Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist), Timaeus (dialogue), Time, Transcendence (philosophy), Universality (philosophy), Universe, University of Cambridge, University of Pennsylvania, Valentinus (Gnostic), Western Christianity, Western philosophy, World, Yahweh.