Neuropsychology, the Glossary
Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology concerned with how a person's cognition and behavior are related to the brain and the rest of the nervous system.[1]
Table of Contents
70 relations: Anatomy, Ancient Egypt, Behavior, Behavioral neurology, Behavioral neuroscience, Benton Visual Retention Test, Brain, Bryan Kolb, Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, Carl Wernicke, Central nervous system, Cerebral cortex, Clinical neuropsychology, Cognition, Cognitive neuropsychiatry, Cognitive neuropsychology, Cognitive neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Comparative neuropsychology, Connectionism, CT scan, Electroencephalography, Experimental psychology, Forensic science, Franz Joseph Gall, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Functional neuroimaging, Hippocrates, Imhotep, Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud, Lesion, List of neurological conditions and disorders, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetoencephalography, Medical diagnosis, Mental disorder, Mind, Mind–body dualism, Mind–body problem, Nervous system, Neural correlates of consciousness, Neural network (machine learning), Neuroanatomy, Neurocognition, Neuroimaging, Neurological disorder, Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychoanalysis, Neuropsychological assessment, ... Expand index (20 more) »
Anatomy
Anatomy is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts.
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Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
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Behavior
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals, organisms, systems or artificial entities in some environment.
See Neuropsychology and Behavior
Behavioral neurology
Behavioral neurology is a subspecialty of neurology that studies the impact of neurological damage and disease upon behavior, memory, and cognition, and the treatment thereof.
See Neuropsychology and Behavioral neurology
Behavioral neuroscience
Behavioral neuroscience, also known as biological psychology, biopsychology, or psychobiology,, Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary is the application of the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals.
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Benton Visual Retention Test
The Benton Visual Retention Test (or simply Benton test or BVRT) is an individually administered test for people aged from eight years to adulthood that measures visual perception and visual memory.
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Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
Bryan Kolb
Bryan Edward Kolb (born 1947) is a Canadian neuroscientist, neuropsychologist, researcher, author and educator.
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Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery
The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), originally developed at the University of Cambridge in the 1980s but now provided in a commercial capacity by Cambridge Cognition, is a computer-based cognitive assessment system consisting of a battery of neuropsychological tests, administered to subjects using a touch screen computer.
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Carl Wernicke
Carl (or Karl) Wernicke (15 May 1848 – 15 June 1905) was a German physician, anatomist, psychiatrist and neuropathologist.
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Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.
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Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.
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Clinical neuropsychology
Clinical neuropsychology is a sub-field of cognitive science and psychology concerned with the applied science of brain-behaviour relationships.
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Cognition
Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".
See Neuropsychology and Cognition
Cognitive neuropsychiatry
Cognitive neuropsychiatry is a growing multidisciplinary field arising out of cognitive psychology and neuropsychiatry that aims to understand mental illness and psychopathology in terms of models of normal psychological function.
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Cognitive neuropsychology
Cognitive neuropsychology is a branch of cognitive psychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relates to specific psychological processes.
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Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in mental processes.
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Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning.
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Comparative neuropsychology
Comparative neuropsychology refers to an approach used for understanding human brain functions.
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Connectionism
Connectionism (coined by Edward Thorndike in the 1931) is the name of an approach to the study of human mental processes and cognition that utilizes mathematical models known as connectionist networks or artificial neural networks.
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CT scan
A computed tomography scan (CT scan; formerly called computed axial tomography scan or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique used to obtain detailed internal images of the body.
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Electroencephalography
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method to record an electrogram of the spontaneous electrical activity of the brain.
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Experimental psychology
Experimental psychology refers to work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes.
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Forensic science
Forensic science, also known as criminalistics, is the application of science principles and methods to support legal decision-making in matters of criminal and civil law.
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Franz Joseph Gall
Franz Josef Gall (9 March 175822 August 1828) was a German neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain.
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
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Functional neuroimaging
Functional neuroimaging is the use of neuroimaging technology to measure an aspect of brain function, often with a view to understanding the relationship between activity in certain brain areas and specific mental functions.
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Hippocrates
Hippocrates of Kos (Hippokrátēs ho Kôios), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician and philosopher of the classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.
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Imhotep
Imhotep (ỉỉ-m-ḥtp "(the one who) comes in peace") was an Egyptian chancellor to the Pharaoh Djoser, possible architect of Djoser's step pyramid, and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis.
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Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud
Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud (16 September 1796 – 29 October 1881) was a French physician born in Bragette, now part of Garat, Charente.
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Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases.
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List of neurological conditions and disorders
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome).
See Neuropsychology and List of neurological conditions and disorders
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes inside the body.
See Neuropsychology and Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetoencephalography
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using very sensitive magnetometers.
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Medical diagnosis
Medical diagnosis (abbreviated Dx, Dx, or Ds) is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs.
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Mental disorder
A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.
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Mind
The mind is what thinks, feels, perceives, imagines, remembers, and wills, encompassing the totality of mental phenomena.
Mind–body dualism
In the philosophy of mind, mind–body dualism denotes either the view that mental phenomena are non-physical,Hart, W. D. 1996.
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Mind–body problem
The mind–body problem is a philosophical problem concerning the relationship between thought and consciousness in the human mind and body.
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Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
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Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) are the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for the occurrence of the mental states to which they are related.
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Neural network (machine learning)
In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains.
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Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system.
See Neuropsychology and Neuroanatomy
Neurocognition
Neurocognitive functions are cognitive functions closely linked to the function of particular areas, neural pathways, or cortical networks in the brain, ultimately served by the substrate of the brain's neurological matrix (i.e. at the cellular and molecular level).
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Neuroimaging
Neuroimaging is the use of quantitative (computational) techniques to study the structure and function of the central nervous system, developed as an objective way of scientifically studying the healthy human brain in a non-invasive manner.
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Neurological disorder
A neurological disorder is any disorder of the nervous system.
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Neurology
Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves.
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Neuropsychiatry
Neuropsychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with psychiatry as it relates to neurology, in an effort to understand and attribute behavior to the interaction of neurobiology and social psychology factors.
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Neuropsychoanalysis
Neuropsychoanalysis integrates both neuroscience and psychoanalysis, to create a balanced and equal study of the human mind.
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Neuropsychological assessment
The attempts to derive the links between the damage to specific brain areas and problems in behaviour are known throughout the history for 3 millennia.
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Neuropsychological test
Neuropsychological tests are specifically designed tasks that are used to measure a psychological function known to be linked to a particular brain structure or pathway.
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Neuroscience
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions and disorders.
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Parallel processing (psychology)
In psychology, parallel processing is the ability of the brain to simultaneously process incoming stimuli of differing quality.
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Pathology
Pathology is the study of disease and injury.
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Paul Broca
Pierre Paul Broca (also,,; 28 June 1824 – 9 July 1880) was a French physician, anatomist and anthropologist.
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Phrenology
Phrenology or craniology is a pseudoscience that involves the measurement of bumps on the skull to predict mental traits.
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Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
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Positron emission tomography
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption.
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Psychiatric genetics
Psychiatric genetics is a subfield of behavioral neurogenetics and behavioral genetics which studies the role of genetics in the development of mental disorders (such as alcoholism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism).
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Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.
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Rehabilitation (neuropsychology)
Rehabilitation of sensory and cognitive function typically involves methods for retraining neural pathways or training new neural pathways to regain or improve neurocognitive functioning that have been diminished by disease or trauma.
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René Descartes
René Descartes (or;; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science.
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Sensorium
A sensorium (/sɛnˈsɔːrɪəm/) (sensoria) is the apparatus of an organism's perception considered as a whole.
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Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments.
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The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, known online and elsewhere as The Telegraph, is a British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally.
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Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis.
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Thomas Willis
Thomas Willis FRS (27 January 1621 – 11 November 1675) was an English physician who played an important part in the history of anatomy, neurology and psychiatry, and was a founding member of the Royal Society.
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Visual field
The visual field is "that portion of space in which objects are visible at the same moment during steady fixation of the gaze in one direction"; in ophthalmology and neurology the emphasis is mostly on the structure inside the visual field and it is then considered “the field of functional capacity obtained and recorded by means of perimetry”.
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is an IQ test designed to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents.
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Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is a neuropsychological test of set-shifting, which is the capability to show flexibility when exposed to changes in reinforcement.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychology
Also known as History of neuropsychology, Neuropsych, Neuropsychological, Neuropsychologist, Neuropsychologists, Psychoneurology.
, Neuropsychological test, Neuroscience, Parallel processing (psychology), Pathology, Paul Broca, Phrenology, Physiology, Positron emission tomography, Psychiatric genetics, Psychology, Rehabilitation (neuropsychology), René Descartes, Sensorium, Standardization, The Daily Telegraph, Therapy, Thomas Willis, Visual field, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.