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Nizam al-Mulk, the Glossary

Abu Ali Hasan ibn Ali Tusi (April 10, 1018 – October 14, 1092), better known by his honorific title of Nizam ul-Mulk (lit), was a Persian scholar, jurist, political philosopher and vizier of the Seljuk Empire.^[1]

Abbasid dynasty

The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids (Banu al-ʿAbbās) were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258.

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Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk

Ḍiyaʾ al-Mulk Aḥmad ibn Niẓām al-Mulk (ضیاءالملک احمد بن نظام‌الملک), was a Persian vizier of the Seljuq Empire and then the Abbasid Caliphate. Nizam al-Mulk and Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk are people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars and viziers of the Seljuk Empire.

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Al-Kunduri

Amid al-Mulk Abu Nasr al-Kunduri (عمیدالملک ابونصر الکندری; 1024 – 29 November 1064), commonly known as al-Kunduri (کندری; also spelled Kunduri), was a Persian bureaucrat, who served as the vizier of the first Seljuk Sultan Tughril and his nephew Alp Arslan. Nizam al-Mulk and al-Kunduri are viziers of the Seljuk Empire.

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Al-Mustarshid

Abu Mansur al-Faḍl ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir (أبو منصور الفضل بن أحمد المستظهر; 1092 – 29 August 1135) better known by his regnal name Al-Mustarshid Billah (المسترشد بالله) was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1118 to 1135. Nizam al-Mulk and al-Mustarshid are people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars and Victims of the Order of Assassins.

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Alamut Castle

Alamut (الموت) is a mountain fortress at an altitude of 2163 meters at the central Alborz, in the Iranian stanza of Qazvin, about 100 kilometers from Tehran.

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Ali ibn Ishak

Ali ibn Ishak, also known as Abu'l Hasan, was a Persian dehqanA. Nizam al-Mulk and ali ibn Ishak are dehqans and Ghaznavid officials.

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Alp Arslan

Alp Arslan, born Muhammad bin Dawud Chaghri, was the second sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty.

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Amol

Amol (آمل) is a city in the Central District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

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Ani

Ani (Անի; Ἄνιον, Ánion; Abnicum; Anı) is a ruined medieval Armenian city now situated in Turkey's province of Kars, next to the closed border with Armenia.

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Armeniac Theme

The Armeniac Theme (Ἀρμενιακόν, Armeniakoi), more properly the Theme of the Armeniacs (Greek: θέμα Ἀρμενιακῶν, thema Armeniakōi), was a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) located in northeastern Asia Minor (modern Turkey).

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Atabeg

Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.

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Bagrat IV of Georgia

Bagrat IV (ბაგრატ IV; 101824 November 1072), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the king (mepe) of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1027 to 1072. Nizam al-Mulk and Bagrat IV of Georgia are 1018 births.

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Bagrationi dynasty

The Bagrationi dynasty is a royal dynasty which reigned in Georgia from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, being among the oldest extant Christian ruling dynasties in the world.

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Balkh

Balkh is a town in the Balkh Province of Afghanistan, about northwest of the provincial capital, Mazar-e Sharif, and some south of the Amu Darya river and the Uzbekistan border.

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Barmakids

The Barmakids (برمکیان Barmakiyân; البرامكة al-BarāmikahHarold Bailey, 1943. "Iranica" BSOAS 11: p. 2. India - Department of Archaeology, and V. S. Mirashi (ed.), Inscriptions of the Kalachuri-Chedi Era vol. 4 of Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, 1955, pp. clxx, 612, 614, 616.), also spelled Barmecides, were an influential Iranian family from Balkh, where they were originally hereditary Buddhist leaders (in the Nawbahar monastery), and subsequently came to great political power under the Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad.

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Basra

Basra (al-Baṣrah) is a city in southern Iraq.

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Battle of Dandanaqan

The Battle of Dandanaqan (نبرد دندانقان) was fought in 1040 between the Seljuq Turkmens and the Ghaznavid Empire near the city of Merv (now in Turkmenistan).

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Battle of Manzikert

The Battle of Manzikert or Malazgirt was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire on 26 August 1071 near Manzikert, theme of Iberia (modern Malazgirt in Muş Province, Turkey).

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Berkyaruq

Rukn al-Din Abu'l-Muzaffar Berkyaruq ibn Malikshah (Rukn al-Dīn Abuʿl-Moẓaffar Berkyāruq ibn Malik-Šāh; 1079/80 – 1105), better known as Berkyaruq (برکیارق), was the fifth sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1094 to 1105. Nizam al-Mulk and Berkyaruq are people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars.

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Bernard Lewis

Bernard Lewis, (31 May 1916 – 19 May 2018) was a British American historian specialized in Oriental studies.

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Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

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Chaghri Beg

Abu Suleiman Dawud Chaghri Beg ibn Mikail, widely known simply as Chaghri Beg (989–1060), Da'ud b. Mika'il b. Saljuq, also spelled Chaghri, was the co-ruler of the early Seljuk Empire.

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Daylamites

The Daylamites or Dailamites (Middle Persian: Daylamīgān; دیلمیان Deylamiyān) were an Iranian people inhabiting the Daylam—the mountainous regions of northern Iran on the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea, now comprising the southeastern half of Gilan Province.

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Dehqan

The dehqân (دهقان) or dehgân (دهگان), were a class of land-owning magnates during the Sasanian and early Islamic period, found throughout Iranian-speaking lands. Nizam al-Mulk and Dehqan are dehqans.

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Divan

A divan or diwan (دیوان, dīvān; from Sumerian dub, clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see dewan).

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Edward FitzGerald (poet)

Edward FitzGerald or Fitzgerald (31 March 180914 June 1883) was an English poet and writer.

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Fadluya

Amir Abu'l-Abbas Fadl, better known as Fadluya (also spelled Fadlawayh), was a Kurdish chieftain of the Shabankara in Fars.

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Fakhr al-Mulk (Seljuk vizier)

Fakhr al-Mulk was a Persian bureaucrat, who served as the vizier of the Seljuk sultan Berkyaruq from 1095 to 1099, and later vizier of the Sejluk prince and ruler of Khurasan, Ahmad Sanjar, from 1101 to 1106. Nizam al-Mulk and Fakhr al-Mulk (Seljuk vizier) are viziers of the Seljuk Empire.

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Fars province

Fars province (استان فارس) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.

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Fatimid Caliphate

The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.

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Ghaznavids

The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان Ġaznaviyān) or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent from the Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186.

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Ghazni

Ghazni (غزنی, غزني), historically known as Ghaznayn (غزنين) or Ghazna (غزنه), also transliterated as Ghuznee, and anciently known as Alexandria in Opiana (Αλεξάνδρεια Ωπιανή), is a city in southeastern Afghanistan with a population of around 190,000 people.

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Ghilman

Ghilman (singular غُلاَم,Other standardized transliterations: /.. plural غِلْمَان)Other standardized transliterations: /..

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Great Turkish Invasion

In Georgian historiography, the Great Turkish Invasion, also translated as the Great Turkish Troubles (tr), refers to the continuous attacks and settlement of the Seljuq-led Turkic tribes in the Georgian lands during the reign of George II in the 1080s.

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Greater Khorasan

Greater KhorāsānDabeersiaghi, Commentary on Safarnâma-e Nâsir Khusraw, 6th Ed.

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Hamadan

Hamedan (همدان) is a city in western Iran.

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Hasan-i Sabbah

Hasan-i Sabbah (1050 – 12 June 1124), also known as Hasan I of Alamut, was a religious and military leader, founder of the Nizari Ismai'li sect widely known as the Hashshashin or the Order of Assassins, as well as the Nizari Ismaili state, ruling from 1090 to 1124 AD. Nizam al-Mulk and Hasan-i Sabbah are people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars.

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Herat

Herāt (Pashto, هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan.

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History of Islam

The history of Islam concerns the political, social, economic, military, and cultural developments of the Islamic civilization.

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Iqta'

An iqta (iqṭāʿ) and occasionally iqtaʿa (اقطاعة) was an Islamic practice of tax farming that became common in Muslim Asia during the Buyid dynasty.

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Iranian Plateau

The Iranian Plateau or Persian Plateau is a geological feature spanning parts of the Caucasus, Central Asia, South Asia, and West Asia. It makes up part of the Eurasian Plate, and is wedged between the Arabian Plate and the Indian Plate. The plateau is situated between the Zagros Mountains to the west, the Caspian Sea and the Köpet Dag to the north, the Armenian Highlands and the Caucasus Mountains to the northwest, the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf to the south, and the Indian subcontinent to the east.

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Isfahan

Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

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Istakhr

Istakhr (Middle Persian romanized: Stakhr, translit also spelt استخر in modern literature) was an ancient city in Fars province, north of Persepolis in southwestern Iran.

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Jurist

A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyzes and comments on law.

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Kara-Khanid Khanate

The Kara-Khanid Khanate, also known as the Karakhanids, Qarakhanids, Ilek Khanids or the Afrasiabids, was a Karluk Turkic khanate that ruled Central Asia from the 9th to the early 13th century.

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Kingdom of Georgia

The Kingdom of Georgia (Georgian: ⴑⴀⴕⴀⴐⴇⴅⴄⴊⴍⴑ ⴑⴀⴋⴄⴔⴍ), also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy that was founded in AD.

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List of Abbasid caliphs

The Abbasid caliphs were the holders of the Islamic title of caliph who were members of the Abbasid dynasty, a branch of the Quraysh tribe descended from the uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib.

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Madrasa

Madrasa (also,; Arabic: مدرسة, pl. مدارس), sometimes transliterated as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning.

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Mahmud I (Seljuk sultan)

Nasir al-Din Mahmud I (10881094) was an infant sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1092 to 1094, with most power held by his mother Terken Khatun.

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Malik-Shah I

Malik-Shah I (ملک شاه) was the third sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092, under whom the sultanate reached the zenith of its power and influence. Nizam al-Mulk and Malik-Shah I are 1092 deaths and people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars.

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Merv

Merv (Merw, Мерв, مرو; translit), also known as the Merve Oasis, was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan.

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Mosul

Mosul (al-Mawṣil,,; translit; Musul; Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate.

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Mu'ayyid al-Mulk

Mu'ayyid al-Mulk (مؤيد الملک) was a Persian bureaucrat, who served as the vizier of the Seljuk sultan Berkyaruq from 1094 to 1095, and later vizier of the Seljuk prince and contender Muhammad I Tapar from 1099 to 1101. Nizam al-Mulk and Mu'ayyid al-Mulk are viziers of the Seljuk Empire.

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Muhammad I Tapar

Muhammad I Tapar (محمد اول تاپار; 20 January 1082 – 18 April 1118), was the sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1105 to 1118. Nizam al-Mulk and Muhammad I Tapar are people of the Nizari–Seljuk wars.

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Nahavand

Nahavand (نهاوند) is a city in the Central District of Nahavand County, Hamadan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

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Nezamiyeh

The Nezamiyeh (نظامیه) or Nizamiyyah (النظامیة) are a group of institutions of higher education established by Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk in the eleventh century in Iran.

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Niccolò Machiavelli

Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (3 May 1469 – 21 June 1527) was a Florentine diplomat, author, philosopher, and historian who lived during the Italian Renaissance.

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Nishapur

Nishapur (نیشاپور, also help|italic.

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Nizari Ismaili state

The Nizari state (the Alamut state) was a Nizari Isma'ili Shia state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah after he took control of the Alamut Castle in 1090 AD, which marked the beginning of an era of Ismailism known as the "Alamut period".

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Omar Khayyam

Ghiyāth al-Dīn Abū al-Fatḥ ʿUmar ibn Ibrāhīm Nīsābūrī (18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131), commonly known as Omar Khayyam (عمر خیّام), was a Persian polymath, known for his contributions to mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and poetry. Nizam al-Mulk and Omar Khayyam are scholars from the Seljuk Empire.

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Order of Assassins

The Order of Assassins or simply the Assassins (Ḥaššāšīn) were a Nizari Isma'ili order that existed between 1090 and 1275 AD, founded by Hassan-i Sabbah.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Persians

The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group who comprise over half of the population of Iran.

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Political philosophy

Political philosophy or political theory is the philosophical study of government, addressing questions about the nature, scope, and legitimacy of public agents and institutions and the relationships between them.

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Qabus-nama

Qabus-nama or Qabus-nameh (variations: Qabusnamah, Qabousnameh, Ghabousnameh, or Ghaboosnameh, in Persian: کاووس‌نامه or قابوس‌نامه, "Book of Kavus"), Mirror of Princes, is a major work of Persian literature, from the eleventh century (c. 1080 AD).

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Qarmatians

The Qarmatians (Qarāmiṭa) were a militant Isma'ili Shia movement centred in al-Hasa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a religious—and, as some scholars have claimed, proto-socialist or utopian socialist—state in 899 CE.

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Qavurt

Kara Arslan Ahmad Qavurt (died 1073), better simply known as Qavurt (also spelled Kavurt) was a Seljuq prince.

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Qutalmish

Qutalmish ibn Arslan Isra'il (قتلمش) (alternative spellings: Qutalmis, Kutalmish, Kutalmış) was a Turkic prince who was a member of Seljukid house in the 11th century.

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Ramadan

Ramadan (Ramaḍān; also spelled Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan, or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer (salah), reflection, and community.

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Ray, Iran

Shahre Ray, Shahr-e Ray, Shahre Rey, or Shahr-e Rey (Ŝahr-e Rey) or simply Ray or Rey (ری), is the capital of Rey County in Tehran Province, Iran.

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Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam

Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám is the title that Edward FitzGerald gave to his 1859 translation from Persian to English of a selection of quatrains (rubāʿiyāt) attributed to Omar Khayyam (1048–1131), dubbed "the Astronomer-Poet of Persia".

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Scholar

A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline.

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Seljuk Empire

The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks.

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Shabankara

Shabankara or Shwankara (شبانکاره, 'shepherd') was an Iranian tribe.

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Siyasatnama

Siyāsatnāmeh (سیاست نامه), also known as Siyar al-mulûk (سيرالملوك), is the most famous work by Nizam al-Mulk, the founder of Nizamiyyah schools in medieval Persia and vazier to the Seljuq sultans Alp Arslan and Malik Shah.

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Sufism

Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.

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Taj al-Mulk

Taj al-Mulk Abu'l Ghana'em Marzban ibn Khosrow Firuz Shirazi (تاج‌الملک ابوالغنائممرزبان بن خسرو فیروز), better simply known as Taj al-Mulk (تاج الملک) was a Seljuk courtier during the reigns of Malik-Shah I and his son Barkiyaruq. Nizam al-Mulk and Taj al-Mulk are viziers of the Seljuk Empire.

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Terken Khatun (wife of Malik-Shah I)

Celâliye Terken Khatun (also Turkan Khatun or Tarkhan Khatun; 1053 – September–October 1094) was the first wife and chief consort of Malik Shah I, Sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072, until his death in 1092.

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The Prince

The Prince (Il Principe; De Principatibus) is a 16th-century political treatise written by the Italian diplomat, philosopher, and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli in the form of a realistic instruction guide for new princes.

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Tughril I

Abu Talib Muhammad Tughril ibn Mika'il (ابوطالبْ محمد طغرل بن میکائیل), better known as Tughril (طغرل / طغریل; also spelled Toghril / Tughrul), was a Turkoman"The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire.

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Turkmens

Turkmens (Türkmenler, italic,,; historically "the Turkmen") are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and north-western Afghanistan.

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Tus, Iran

Tus was an ancient city in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran near Mashhad.

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Vizier

A vizier (wazīr; vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the Near East.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizam_al-Mulk

Also known as Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk, Nezam al-Molk, Nizam Ul Mulk, Nizam al Mulk, Nizam al-Mulk Tusi, Nizam ul-Mulk, Nizamülmülk, Niẓām al-Mulk, نظام الملك، ابو علي الحسن الطوسي.

, Malik-Shah I, Merv, Mosul, Mu'ayyid al-Mulk, Muhammad I Tapar, Nahavand, Nezamiyeh, Niccolò Machiavelli, Nishapur, Nizari Ismaili state, Omar Khayyam, Order of Assassins, Oxford University Press, Persians, Political philosophy, Qabus-nama, Qarmatians, Qavurt, Qutalmish, Ramadan, Ray, Iran, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Scholar, Seljuk Empire, Shabankara, Siyasatnama, Sufism, Taj al-Mulk, Terken Khatun (wife of Malik-Shah I), The Prince, Tughril I, Turkmens, Tus, Iran, Vizier.

Nizam al-Mulk, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1018 births

1092 deaths

11th-century Iranian philosophers

11th-century Iranian scientists

Assassinated Iranian politicians

Assassinated viziers

Atabegs

Dehqans

Ghaznavid officials

Iranian ethicists

Iranian political philosophers

People assassinated in the 11th century

People of the Nizari–Seljuk wars

Scholars from the Seljuk Empire

Victims of the Order of Assassins

Viziers of the Seljuk Empire

References