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North American X-15, the Glossary

Index North American X-15

The North American X-15 is a hypersonic rocket-powered aircraft operated by the United States Air Force and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the X-plane series of experimental aircraft.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 110 relations: Aircraft, Aircraft fairing, Albert Scott Crossfield, Alloy, Ammonia, Armstrong Flight Research Center, Astronaut, Autopilot, Auxiliary power unit, Balls 8, Bell X-1, Bell X-2, Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar, Brian Binnie, Chase plane, Davis–Monthan Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, Douglas C-47 Skytrain, Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket, Douglas F5D Skylancer, Douglas X-3 Stiletto, Drop test, Edwards Air Force Base, Ethanol, Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum, Experimental aircraft, Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, Federal Aviation Administration, Fin, Flight airspeed record, Flight control surfaces, Forrest S. Petersen, Fuselage, Galaxy Science Fiction, High-test peroxide, Human spaceflight, Hypersonic speed, Inconel, Joe Engle, Johannesburg, California, John B. McKay, Joseph A. Walker, Jules Bergman, Kármán line, Landing gear, Liquid oxygen, Liquid-propellant rocket, List of rocket-powered aircraft, List of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents, ... Expand index (60 more) »

  2. 1950s United States experimental aircraft
  3. 1963 in spaceflight
  4. High-test peroxide
  5. Hypersonic aircraft
  6. North American Aviation aircraft
  7. Reusable spacecraft
  8. Suborbital spaceflight
  9. X-15 program

Aircraft

An aircraft (aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to fly by gaining support from the air.

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Aircraft fairing

An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.

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Albert Scott Crossfield

Albert Scott Crossfield (October 2, 1921 – April 19, 2006) was an American naval officer and test pilot. North American X-15 and Albert Scott Crossfield are x-15 program.

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Alloy

An alloy is a mixture of chemical elements of which in most cases at least one is a metallic element, although it is also sometimes used for mixtures of elements; herein only metallic alloys are described.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is an inorganic chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula.

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Armstrong Flight Research Center

The NASA Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center (AFRC) is an aeronautical research center operated by NASA.

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Astronaut

An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek ἄστρον, meaning 'star', and ναύτης, meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft.

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Autopilot

An autopilot is a system used to control the path of an aircraft, marine craft or spacecraft without requiring constant manual control by a human operator.

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Auxiliary power unit

An auxiliary power unit (APU) is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion.

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Balls 8

Balls 8 is a NASA Boeing NB-52B mothership which was retired in 2004 after almost 50 years of flying service with NASA.

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Bell X-1

The Bell X-1 (Bell Model 44) is a rocket engine–powered aircraft, designated originally as the XS-1, and was a joint National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics–U.S. Army Air Forces–U.S. Air Force supersonic research project built by Bell Aircraft. North American X-15 and Bell X-1 are mid-wing aircraft.

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Bell X-2

The Bell X-2 (nicknamed "Starbuster") was an X-plane research aircraft built to investigate flight characteristics in the Mach 2–3 range. North American X-15 and Bell X-2 are 1950s United States experimental aircraft.

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Boeing B-52 Stratofortress

The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is an American long-range, subsonic, jet-powered strategic bomber.

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Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar

The Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar ("Dynamic Soarer") was a United States Air Force (USAF) program to develop a spaceplane that could be used for a variety of military missions, including aerial reconnaissance, bombing, space rescue, satellite maintenance, and as a space interceptor to sabotage enemy satellites. North American X-15 and Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar are crewed spacecraft and spaceplanes.

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Brian Binnie

William Brian Binnie (April 26, 1953 – September 15, 2022) was a United States Navy officer and one of the test pilots for SpaceShipOne, the experimental spaceplane developed by Scaled Composites and flown from 2003 to 2004.

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Chase plane

A chase plane is an aircraft that "chases" a "subject" aircraft, spacecraft or rocket, for the purposes of making real-time observations and taking air-to-air photographs and video of the subject vehicle during flight.

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Davis–Monthan Air Force Base

Davis–Monthan Air Force Base (DM AFB) is a United States Air Force base southeast of downtown Tucson, Arizona.

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Dayton, Ohio

Dayton is a city in Montgomery and Greene counties and the county seat of Montgomery County, Ohio, United States.

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Douglas C-47 Skytrain

The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota (RAF designation) is a military transport aircraft developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner.

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Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket

The Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket (or D-558-II) is a rocket and jet-powered research supersonic aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company for the United States Navy. North American X-15 and Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket are Cruciform tail aircraft and mid-wing aircraft.

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Douglas F5D Skylancer

The Douglas F5D Skylancer is a development of the F4D Skyray jet fighter for the United States Navy.

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Douglas X-3 Stiletto

The Douglas X-3 Stiletto is a 1950s United States experimental jet aircraft with a slender fuselage and a long tapered nose, manufactured by the Douglas Aircraft Company. North American X-15 and Douglas X-3 Stiletto are 1950s United States experimental aircraft.

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Drop test

A drop test is a method of testing the in-flight characteristics of prototype or experimental aircraft and spacecraft by raising the test vehicle to a specific altitude and then releasing it.

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Edwards Air Force Base

Edwards Air Force Base (AFB) is a United States Air Force installation in California.

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Ethanol

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula.

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Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum

The Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum is an independent, 501(c)(3) non-profit, aviation museum in McMinnville, Oregon.

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Experimental aircraft

An experimental aircraft is an aircraft intended for testing new aerospace technologies and design concepts.

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Fédération Aéronautique Internationale

The (FAI; World Air Sports Federation) is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight.

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Federal Aviation Administration

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a U.S. federal government agency within the U.S. Department of Transportation which regulates civil aviation in the United States and surrounding international waters.

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Fin

A fin is a thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure.

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Flight airspeed record

An air speed record is the highest airspeed attained by an aircraft of a particular class.

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Flight control surfaces

Aircraft flight control surfaces are aerodynamic devices allowing a pilot to adjust and control the aircraft's flight attitude.

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Forrest S. Petersen

Forrest Silas Petersen (May 16, 1922 – December 8, 1990), (VADM, USN), was a United States Navy aviator and test pilot. North American X-15 and Forrest S. Petersen are x-15 program.

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Fuselage

The fuselage (from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped") is an aircraft's main body section.

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Galaxy Science Fiction

Galaxy Science Fiction was an American digest-size science fiction magazine, published in Boston from 1950 to 1980.

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High-test peroxide

High-test peroxide (HTP) is a highly concentrated (85 to 98%) solution of hydrogen peroxide, with the remainder consisting predominantly of water.

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Human spaceflight

Human spaceflight (also referred to as manned spaceflight or crewed spaceflight) is spaceflight with a crew or passengers aboard a spacecraft, often with the spacecraft being operated directly by the onboard human crew.

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Hypersonic speed

In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that exceeds five times the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above.

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Inconel

Inconel is a nickel-chromium-based superalloy often utilized in extreme environments where components are subjected to high temperature, pressure or mechanical loads.

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Joe Engle

Joe Henry Engle (August 26, 1932 – July 10, 2024) was an American pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut. North American X-15 and Joe Engle are x-15 program.

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Johannesburg, California

Johannesburg is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California, in a mining district of the Rand Mountains.

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John B. McKay

John Barron McKay (December 8, 1922 – April 27, 1975) was an American naval officer, World War II pilot, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and astronaut. North American X-15 and John B. McKay are x-15 program.

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Joseph A. Walker

Joseph Albert Walker (February 20, 1921 – June 8, 1966) (Capt, USAF) was an American World War II pilot, experimental physicist, NASA test pilot, and astronaut who was the first person to fly an airplane to space. North American X-15 and Joseph A. Walker are 1963 in spaceflight and x-15 program.

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Jules Bergman

Jules Bergman (March 21, 1929 – February 12, 1987) was an American broadcast writer and journalist who served as science editor for ABC News from 1961 until his death in 1987.

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Kármán line

The Kármán line (or von Kármán line) is a conventional definition of the edge of space.

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Landing gear

Landing gear is the undercarriage of an aircraft or spacecraft that is used for taxiing, takeoff or landing.

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Liquid oxygen

Liquid oxygen, sometimes abbreviated as LOX or LOXygen, is a clear light sky-blue liquid form of dioxygen.

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Liquid-propellant rocket

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket utilizes a rocket engine burning liquid propellants.

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List of rocket-powered aircraft

|- | Arado E.381 Kleinstjäger || Germany || Air launch || Fighter || 1944 || Project || 0 || Carried by an Arado Ar 234.

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This article lists verifiable spaceflight-related accidents and incidents resulting in human death or serious injury.

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List of X-15 flights

The flights of the North American X-15, an experimental American spaceplane built by North American Aviation and operated by the United States Air Force and NASA, were conducted from 1959-1968.

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List of X-planes

The X-planes are a series of experimental United States aircraft and rockets, used to test and evaluate new technologies and aerodynamic concepts.

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Lockheed C-130 Hercules

The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is an American four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed (now Lockheed Martin).

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Lockheed F-104 Starfighter

The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter is an American single-engine, supersonic interceptor which was extensively deployed as a fighter-bomber during the Cold War. North American X-15 and Lockheed F-104 Starfighter are mid-wing aircraft.

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Mach number

The Mach number (M or Ma), often only Mach, is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound.

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Martin Marietta X-24

The Martin Marietta X-24 was an American experimental aircraft developed from a joint United States Air Force-NASA program named PILOT (1963–1975).

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Michael J. Adams

Michael James Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967) (Maj USAF) was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. North American X-15 and Michael J. Adams are x-15 program.

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Mike Melvill

Michael Winston Melvill (born November 30, 1940, in Johannesburg, South Africa) is a world-record-breaking pilot and one of the test pilots for SpaceShipOne, the experimental spaceplane developed by Scaled Composites.

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Milton Orville Thompson

Milton Orville Thompson (May 4, 1926 – August 6, 1993), (Lt Cmdr, USNR), better known as Milt Thompson, was an American naval officer, aviator, engineer, and NASA research pilot. North American X-15 and Milton Orville Thompson are x-15 program.

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Mother ship

A mother ship, mothership or mother-ship is a large vehicle that leads, serves, or carries other smaller vehicles.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a United States federal agency that was founded on March 3, 1915, to undertake, promote, and institutionalize aeronautical research.

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National Air and Space Museum

The National Air and Space Museum (NASM) of the Smithsonian Institution, is a museum in Washington, D.C., in the United States, dedicated to human flight and space exploration.

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National Museum of the United States Air Force

The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official museum of the United States Air Force located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, northeast of Dayton, Ohio.

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Neil Armstrong

Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who in 1969 became the first person to walk on the Moon. North American X-15 and Neil Armstrong are x-15 program.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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North American Aviation

North American Aviation (NAA) was a major American aerospace manufacturer that designed and built several notable aircraft and spacecraft.

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North American F-100 Super Sabre

The North American F-100 Super Sabre is an American supersonic jet fighter aircraft designed and produced by the aircraft manufacturer North American Aviation. North American X-15 and North American F-100 Super Sabre are north American Aviation aircraft.

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Northrop HL-10

The Northrop HL-10 was one of five US heavyweight lifting body designs flown at NASA's Flight Research Center (FRC—later Dryden Flight Research Center) in Edwards, California, from July 1966 to November 1975 to study and validate the concept of safely maneuvering and landing a low lift-over-drag vehicle designed for reentry from space.

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Northrop M2-F2

The Northrop M2-F2 was a heavyweight lifting body based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers and built by the Northrop Corporation in 1966.

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Outer space

Outer space (or simply space) is the expanse that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere and between celestial bodies.

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Pima Air & Space Museum

The Pima Air & Space Museum is an aerospace museum in Tucson, Arizona, US.

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Project Mercury

Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States, running from 1958 through 1963. North American X-15 and Project Mercury are 1963 in spaceflight and crewed spacecraft.

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Purging (gas)

In fire and explosion prevention engineering, purging refers to the introduction of an inert (i.e. non-combustible) purge gas into a closed system (e.g. a container or a process vessel) to prevent the formation of an ignitable atmosphere.

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Reaction control system

A reaction control system (RCS) is a spacecraft system that uses thrusters to provide attitude control and translation.

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Reaction Motors

Reaction Motors, Inc. (RMI) was an early American maker of liquid-fueled rocket engines, located in New Jersey.

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Reaction Motors XLR11

The XLR11, company designation RMI 6000C4, was the first liquid-propellant rocket engine developed in the United States for use in aircraft.

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Reaction Motors XLR99

The Reaction Motors LR99 engine was the first large, throttleable, restartable liquid-propellant rocket engine.

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Request for proposal

A request for proposal (RFP) is a form of reverse auction that solicits a business proposal by an organisation interested in the procurement of a service or product from potential suppliers.

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Research

Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge".

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Robert A. Rushworth

Robert Aitken "Bob" Rushworth (October 9, 1924 – March 18, 1993) was a United States Air Force major general, World War II, Korean War and Vietnam War pilot, mechanical and aeronautical engineer, test pilot and astronaut. North American X-15 and Robert A. Rushworth are x-15 program.

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Robert Michael White

Robert Michael White (July 6, 1924 – March 17, 2010) (Maj Gen, USAF) was an American electrical engineer, test pilot, fighter pilot, and astronaut. North American X-15 and Robert Michael White are x-15 program.

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Rocket engine

A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellants as the reaction mass for forming a high-speed propulsive jet of fluid, usually high-temperature gas.

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Rocket-powered aircraft

A rocket-powered aircraft or rocket plane is an aircraft that uses a rocket engine for propulsion, sometimes in addition to airbreathing jet engines.

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Scout (rocket family)

The Scout family of rockets were American launch vehicles designed to place small satellites into orbit around the Earth.

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SM-64 Navaho

The North American SM-64 Navaho was a supersonic intercontinental cruise missile project built by North American Aviation (NAA).

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Space Mirror Memorial

The Space Mirror Memorial, which forms part of the larger Astronauts Memorial, is a National Memorial on the grounds of the John F. Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex on Merritt Island, Florida.

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Space Shuttle program

The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.

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Spacecraft

A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed to fly and operate in outer space.

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Spacecraft attitude control

Spacecraft attitude control is the process of controlling the orientation of a spacecraft (vehicle or satellite) with respect to an inertial frame of reference or another entity such as the celestial sphere, certain fields, and nearby objects, etc.

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Spaceplane

A spaceplane is a vehicle that can fly and glide like an aircraft in Earth's atmosphere and maneuver like a spacecraft in outer space. North American X-15 and spaceplane are spaceplanes.

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SpaceShipOne

SpaceShipOne is an experimental air-launched rocket-powered aircraft with sub-orbital spaceflight capability at speeds of up to / using a hybrid rocket motor. North American X-15 and SpaceShipOne are crewed spacecraft, spaceplanes and suborbital spaceflight.

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SpaceShipTwo

The Scaled Composites Model 339 SpaceShipTwo (SS2) was an air-launched suborbital spaceplane type designed for space tourism. North American X-15 and SpaceShipTwo are crewed spacecraft, spaceplanes and suborbital spaceflight.

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Specific impulse

Specific impulse (usually abbreviated) is a measure of how efficiently a reaction mass engine, such as a rocket using propellant or a jet engine using fuel, generates thrust.

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Speed of sound

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium.

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Turbopump

A turbopump is a propellant pump with two main components: a rotodynamic pump and a driving gas turbine, usually both mounted on the same shaft, or sometimes geared together.

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United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States.

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United States Armed Forces

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States.

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United States Astronaut Badge

The United States Astronaut Badge is a badge of the United States, awarded to military and civilian personnel who are employed with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, who have completed training for (and in some cases, performed) a spaceflight.

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Walter Dornberger

Major-General Dr.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States.

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William H. Dana

William Harvey Dana (November 3, 1930 – May 6, 2014) was an American aeronautical engineer, U.S. Air Force pilot, NASA test pilot, and astronaut. North American X-15 and William H. Dana are x-15 program.

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William J. Knight

William John "Pete" Knight (November 18, 1929 – May 7, 2004) (Col, USAF) was an American aeronautical engineer, politician, Vietnam War combat pilot, test pilot, and astronaut. North American X-15 and William J. Knight are x-15 program.

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Wright-Patterson Air Force Base

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) is a United States Air Force base and census-designated place just east of Dayton, Ohio, in Greene and Montgomery counties.

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X-15 Flight 188

The North American X-15's Flight 188 on October 3, 1967, was a record-setting flight. North American X-15 and x-15 Flight 188 are north American Aviation aircraft and x-15 program.

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X-15 Flight 3-65-97

X-15 Flight 3-65-97, also known as X-15 Flight 191 (being the 191st free flight of the X-15), was a sub-orbital spaceflight of the North American X-15 experimental spaceplane, carrying seven experiments to a peak altitude of, above NASA's definition of the start of space at but below the Kármán line definition at.

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X-15 Flight 62

Flight 62 of the North American X-15 was a sub-orbital spaceflight conducted by NASA and the US Air Force on 17 July 1962.

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X-15 Flight 87

Flight 87 of the North American X-15 was a sub-orbital spaceflight conducted by NASA and the US Air Force on 27 June 1963. North American X-15 and x-15 Flight 87 are 1963 in spaceflight.

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X-15 Flight 90

Flight 90 of the North American X-15 was a research flight conducted by NASA and the US Air Force on July 19, 1963. North American X-15 and x-15 Flight 90 are 1963 in spaceflight.

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X-15 Flight 91

X-15 Flight 91 was an August 22, 1963 American crewed sub-orbital spaceflight, and the second and final flight in the program to fly above the Kármán line, which was previously achieved during Flight 90 a month earlier by the same pilot, Joseph A. Walker. North American X-15 and x-15 Flight 91 are 1963 in spaceflight.

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See also

1950s United States experimental aircraft

1963 in spaceflight

High-test peroxide

Hypersonic aircraft

North American Aviation aircraft

Reusable spacecraft

Suborbital spaceflight

X-15 program

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_X-15

Also known as Nasa X-15, North American X15, X-15, X-15A-1, X-15A-2, X-15A-3, X15.

, List of X-15 flights, List of X-planes, Lockheed C-130 Hercules, Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, Mach number, Martin Marietta X-24, Michael J. Adams, Mike Melvill, Milton Orville Thompson, Mother ship, NASA, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, National Air and Space Museum, National Museum of the United States Air Force, Neil Armstrong, Nickel, North American Aviation, North American F-100 Super Sabre, Northrop HL-10, Northrop M2-F2, Outer space, Pima Air & Space Museum, Project Mercury, Purging (gas), Reaction control system, Reaction Motors, Reaction Motors XLR11, Reaction Motors XLR99, Request for proposal, Research, Robert A. Rushworth, Robert Michael White, Rocket engine, Rocket-powered aircraft, Scout (rocket family), SM-64 Navaho, Space Mirror Memorial, Space Shuttle program, Spacecraft, Spacecraft attitude control, Spaceplane, SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo, Specific impulse, Speed of sound, Turbopump, United States Air Force, United States Armed Forces, United States Astronaut Badge, Walter Dornberger, Washington, D.C., William H. Dana, William J. Knight, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, X-15 Flight 188, X-15 Flight 3-65-97, X-15 Flight 62, X-15 Flight 87, X-15 Flight 90, X-15 Flight 91.