Optical rotation, the Glossary
Optical rotation, also known as polarization rotation or circular birefringence, is the rotation of the orientation of the plane of polarization about the optical axis of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials.[1]
Table of Contents
91 relations: Absolute configuration, Akhlesh Lakhtakia, Amino acid, Amorphous solid, Aqueous solution, Asymmetric carbon, Augustin-Jean Fresnel, Basis (linear algebra), Biochemistry, Birefringence, Butterworth-Heinemann, Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules, Camphor, Chemical compound, Chemical synthesis, Chemistry, Chiral media, Chirality, Chirality (chemistry), Cholesterol, Circular dichroism, Circular polarization, Cryptochirality, Crystal, Dispersion (optics), Electric field, Enantiomer, Enantiomeric excess, Faraday effect, Fluid, François Arago, Fructose, Fused quartz, Geometric phase, Glucose, Glyceraldehyde, Helix, Hydrolysis, Hyper–Rayleigh scattering, Imaginary unit, Inorganic chemistry, Inverted sugar syrup, Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Jagadish Chandra Bose, Jean-Baptiste Biot, John Herschel, Joseph Achille Le Bel, Kramers–Kronig relations, Latin, Lees (fermentation), ... Expand index (41 more) »
Absolute configuration
Absolute configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms within a chiral molecular entity (or group) and its resultant stereochemical description. Optical rotation and Absolute configuration are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Absolute configuration
Akhlesh Lakhtakia
Akhlesh Lakhtakia is Evan Pugh University Professor and Charles Godfrey Binder Professor of engineering science and mechanics at the Pennsylvania State University.
See Optical rotation and Akhlesh Lakhtakia
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.
See Optical rotation and Amino acid
Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous solid (or non-crystalline solid) is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.
See Optical rotation and Amorphous solid
Aqueous solution
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water.
See Optical rotation and Aqueous solution
Asymmetric carbon
In stereochemistry, an asymmetric carbon is a carbon atom that is bonded to four different types of atoms or groups of atoms. Optical rotation and asymmetric carbon are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Asymmetric carbon
Augustin-Jean Fresnel
Augustin-Jean Fresnel (10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century.
See Optical rotation and Augustin-Jean Fresnel
Basis (linear algebra)
In mathematics, a set of vectors in a vector space is called a basis (bases) if every element of may be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of.
See Optical rotation and Basis (linear algebra)
Biochemistry
Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
See Optical rotation and Biochemistry
Birefringence
Birefringence is the optical property of a material having a refractive index that depends on the polarization and propagation direction of light. Optical rotation and Birefringence are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Birefringence
Butterworth-Heinemann
Butterworth–Heinemann is a British publishing company specialised in professional information and learning materials for higher education and professional training, in printed and electronic forms.
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Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules
In organic chemistry, the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog (CIP) sequence rules (also the CIP priority convention; named after Robert Sidney Cahn, Christopher Kelk Ingold, and Vladimir Prelog) are a standard process to completely and unequivocally name a stereoisomer of a molecule. Optical rotation and Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules
Camphor
Camphor is a waxy, colorless solid with a strong aroma.
See Optical rotation and Camphor
Chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds.
See Optical rotation and Chemical compound
Chemical synthesis
Chemical synthesis (chemical combination) is the artificial execution of chemical reactions to obtain one or several products.
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Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.
See Optical rotation and Chemistry
The direction of current flow and induced magnetic flux follow a "handness" relationship The term chiral describes an object, especially a molecule, which has or produces a non-superposable mirror image of itself.
See Optical rotation and Chiral media
Chirality
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science. Optical rotation and Chirality are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Chirality
Chirality (chemistry)
In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes. Optical rotation and Chirality (chemistry) are polarization (waves) and stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Chirality (chemistry)
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
See Optical rotation and Cholesterol
Circular dichroism
Circular dichroism (CD) is dichroism involving circularly polarized light, i.e., the differential absorption of left- and right-handed light. Optical rotation and circular dichroism are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Circular dichroism
Circular polarization
In electrodynamics, circular polarization of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization state in which, at each point, the electromagnetic field of the wave has a constant magnitude and is rotating at a constant rate in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Optical rotation and circular polarization are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Circular polarization
Cryptochirality
In stereochemistry, cryptochirality is a special case of chirality in which a molecule is chiral but its specific rotation is non-measurable. Optical rotation and cryptochirality are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Cryptochirality
Crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
See Optical rotation and Crystal
Dispersion (optics)
In optics and in wave propagation in general, dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency; sometimes the term chromatic dispersion is used for specificity to optics in particular.
See Optical rotation and Dispersion (optics)
Electric field
An electric field (sometimes called E-field) is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles.
See Optical rotation and Electric field
Enantiomer
In chemistry, an enantiomer (/ɪˈnænti.əmər, ɛ-, -oʊ-/ ''ih-NAN-tee-ə-mər''; from Ancient Greek ἐναντίος (enantíos) 'opposite', and μέρος (méros) 'part') – also called optical isomer, antipode, or optical antipode – is one of two stereoisomers that are nonsuperposable onto their own mirror image. Optical rotation and enantiomer are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Enantiomer
Enantiomeric excess
In stereochemistry, enantiomeric excess (ee) is a measurement of purity used for chiral substances. Optical rotation and enantiomeric excess are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Enantiomeric excess
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect or Faraday rotation, sometimes referred to as the magneto-optic Faraday effect (MOFE), is a physical magneto-optical phenomenon. Optical rotation and Faraday effect are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Faraday effect
Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force.
See Optical rotation and Fluid
François Arago
Dominique François Jean Arago (Domènec Francesc Joan Aragó), known simply as François Arago (Catalan: Francesc Aragó,; 26 February 17862 October 1853), was a French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, freemason, supporter of the Carbonari revolutionaries and politician.
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Fructose
Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.
See Optical rotation and Fructose
Fused quartz
Fused quartz, fused silica or quartz glass is a glass consisting of almost pure silica (silicon dioxide, SiO2) in amorphous (non-crystalline) form.
See Optical rotation and Fused quartz
Geometric phase
In classical and quantum mechanics, geometric phase is a phase difference acquired over the course of a cycle, when a system is subjected to cyclic adiabatic processes, which results from the geometrical properties of the parameter space of the Hamiltonian.
See Optical rotation and Geometric phase
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.
See Optical rotation and Glucose
Glyceraldehyde
Glyceraldehyde (glyceral) is a triose monosaccharide with chemical formula C3H6O3.
See Optical rotation and Glyceraldehyde
Helix
A helix is a shape like a cylindrical coil spring or the thread of a machine screw.
See Optical rotation and Helix
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds.
See Optical rotation and Hydrolysis
Hyper–Rayleigh scattering
Hyper–Rayleigh scattering optical activity, a form of chiroptical harmonic scattering, is a nonlinear optical physical effect whereby chiral scatterers (such as nanoparticles or molecules) convert light (or other electromagnetic radiation) to higher frequencies via harmonic generation processes, in a way that the intensity of generated light depends on the chirality of the scatterers.
See Optical rotation and Hyper–Rayleigh scattering
Imaginary unit
The imaginary unit or unit imaginary number is a solution to the quadratic equation Although there is no real number with this property, can be used to extend the real numbers to what are called complex numbers, using addition and multiplication.
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Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds.
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Inverted sugar syrup
Inverted sugar syrup, also called invert syrup, invert sugar, simple syrup, sugar syrup, sugar water, bar syrup, syrup USP, or sucrose inversion, is a syrup mixture of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, that is made by hydrolytic saccharification of the disaccharide sucrose.
See Optical rotation and Inverted sugar syrup
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff Jr. (30 August 1852 – 1 March 1911) was a Dutch physical chemist.
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Jagadish Chandra Bose
Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a polymath with interests in biology, physics, botany and writing science fiction.
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Jean-Baptiste Biot
Jean-Baptiste Biot (21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.
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John Herschel
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet (7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer who invented the blueprint and did botanical work.
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Joseph Achille Le Bel
Joseph Achille Le Bel (21 January 1847 in Pechelbronn – 6 August 1930, in Paris, France) was a French chemist.
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Kramers–Kronig relations
The Kramers–Kronig relations, sometimes abbreviated as KK relations, are bidirectional mathematical relations, connecting the real and imaginary parts of any complex function that is analytic in the upper half-plane.
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Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Lees (fermentation)
Lees are deposits of dead yeast or residual yeast and other particles that precipitate, or are carried by the action of "fining", to the bottom of a vat of wine after fermentation and aging.
See Optical rotation and Lees (fermentation)
Linear polarization
In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation. Optical rotation and linear polarization are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Linear polarization
Liquid-crystal display
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals combined with polarizers.
See Optical rotation and Liquid-crystal display
Lithium iodate
Lithium iodate (LiIO3) is a negative uniaxial crystal for nonlinear, acousto-optical and piezoelectric applications.
See Optical rotation and Lithium iodate
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him.
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Magnetic field
A magnetic field (sometimes called B-field) is a physical field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
See Optical rotation and Magnetic field
Microwave
Microwave is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than other radio waves (as originally discovered) but longer than infrared waves.
See Optical rotation and Microwave
Mirror image
A mirror image (in a plane mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that appears almost identical, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface.
See Optical rotation and Mirror image
Optic axis of a crystal
An optic axis of a crystal is a direction in which a ray of transmitted light suffers no birefringence (double refraction). Optical rotation and optic axis of a crystal are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Optic axis of a crystal
Optical rotatory dispersion
Optical rotatory dispersion is the variation of the specific rotation of a medium with respect to the wavelength of light. Optical rotation and Optical rotatory dispersion are polarization (waves) and stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Optical rotatory dispersion
Organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.
See Optical rotation and Organic chemistry
Organic compound
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon.
See Optical rotation and Organic compound
Permittivity
In electromagnetism, the absolute permittivity, often simply called permittivity and denoted by the Greek letter (epsilon), is a measure of the electric polarizability of a dielectric material.
See Optical rotation and Permittivity
Phase velocity
The phase velocity of a wave is the rate at which the wave propagates in any medium.
See Optical rotation and Phase velocity
Phasor
In physics and engineering, a phasor (a portmanteau of phase vector) is a complex number representing a sinusoidal function whose amplitude, and initial phase are time-invariant and whose angular frequency is fixed.
See Optical rotation and Phasor
Physics
Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.
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Plane of polarization
For light and other electromagnetic radiation, the plane of polarization is the plane spanned by the direction of propagation and either the electric vector or the magnetic vector, depending on the convention. Optical rotation and plane of polarization are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Plane of polarization
Polarimeter
A polarimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure optical rotation: the angle of rotation caused by passing linearly polarized light through an optically active substance. Optical rotation and polarimeter are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Polarimeter
Polarimetry
Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of the polarization of transverse waves, most notably electromagnetic waves, such as radio or light waves. Optical rotation and Polarimetry are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Polarimetry
Polarization (waves)
italics (also italics) is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
See Optical rotation and Polarization (waves)
Polarization rotator
A polarization rotator is an optical device that rotates the polarization axis of a linearly polarized light beam by an angle of choice. Optical rotation and polarization rotator are polarization (waves).
See Optical rotation and Polarization rotator
Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. Optical rotation and Protein secondary structure are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Protein secondary structure
Quartz
Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).
See Optical rotation and Quartz
Racemic mixture
In chemistry, a racemic mixture or racemate is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule or salt. Optical rotation and racemic mixture are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Racemic mixture
Raman optical activity
Raman optical activity (ROA) is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that is reliant on the difference in intensity of Raman scattered right and left circularly polarised light due to molecular chirality.
See Optical rotation and Raman optical activity
Refractive index
In optics, the refractive index (or refraction index) of an optical medium is a dimensionless number that gives the indication of the light bending ability of that medium.
See Optical rotation and Refractive index
Sergey Vavilov
Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov (Серге́й Ива́нович Вави́лов; – January 25, 1951) was a Soviet physicist, the President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union from July 1945 until his death.
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Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.
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Small caps
In typography, small caps (short for small capitals) are characters typeset with glyphs that resemble uppercase letters but reduced in height and weight close to the surrounding lowercase letters or text figures.
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Spatial dispersion
In the physics of continuous media, spatial dispersion is usually described as a phenomenon where material parameters such as permittivity or conductivity have dependence on wavevector.
See Optical rotation and Spatial dispersion
Specific rotation
In chemistry, specific rotation is a property of a chiral chemical compound. Optical rotation and specific rotation are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Specific rotation
Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to). According to the special theory of relativity, is the upper limit for the speed at which conventional matter or energy (and thus any signal carrying information) can travel through space.
See Optical rotation and Speed of light
Stereocenter
In stereochemistry, a stereocenter of a molecule is an atom (center), axis or plane that is the focus of stereoisomerism; that is, when having at least three different groups bound to the stereocenter, interchanging any two different groups creates a new stereoisomer. Optical rotation and stereocenter are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Stereocenter
Stereoisomerism
In stereochemistry, stereoisomerism, or spatial isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which molecules have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space. Optical rotation and stereoisomerism are stereochemistry.
See Optical rotation and Stereoisomerism
Sucrose
Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits.
See Optical rotation and Sucrose
Sugar industry
The sugar industry subsumes the production, processing and marketing of sugars (mostly sucrose and fructose).
See Optical rotation and Sugar industry
Superposition principle
The superposition principle, also known as superposition property, states that, for all linear systems, the net response caused by two or more stimuli is the sum of the responses that would have been caused by each stimulus individually.
See Optical rotation and Superposition principle
Tartaric acid
Tartaric acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados, and citrus.
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Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Turpentine
Turpentine (which is also called spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, terebenthine, terebenthene, terebinthine and, colloquially, turps) is a fluid obtained by the distillation of resin harvested from living trees, mainly pines.
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Wavelength
In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
See Optical rotation and Wavelength
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.
See Optical rotation and Wiley (publisher)
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation
Also known as Circular birefringence, D/L nomenclature, DL nomenclature, Dextro, Dextro isomer, Dextro-, Dextrogyre, Dextroisomer, Dextrorotary, Dextrorotation, Dextrorotation and levorotation, Dextrorotatory, Dextrorotatory enantiomer, Dextrorotatory enantiomers, Dextrorotatory isomer, Dextrorotatory isomers, Dextrorotatory stereoisomer, Dextrorotatory stereoisomers, Laevo-, Laevorotary, Laevorotation, Laevorotatory, Levo, Levo isomer, Levo-, Levorotary, Levorotation, Levorotation and dextrorotation, Levorotatory, Levorotatory enantiomer, Levorotatory enantiomers, Levorotatory isomer, Levorotatory isomers, Levorotatory stereoisomer, Levorotatory stereoisomers, Natural optical activity, Optical Activity, Optically active, Optically active compound, Rotary polarization.
, Linear polarization, Liquid-crystal display, Lithium iodate, Louis Pasteur, Magnetic field, Microwave, Mirror image, Optic axis of a crystal, Optical rotatory dispersion, Organic chemistry, Organic compound, Permittivity, Phase velocity, Phasor, Physics, Plane of polarization, Polarimeter, Polarimetry, Polarization (waves), Polarization rotator, Protein secondary structure, Quartz, Racemic mixture, Raman optical activity, Refractive index, Sergey Vavilov, Silicon dioxide, Small caps, Spatial dispersion, Specific rotation, Speed of light, Stereocenter, Stereoisomerism, Sucrose, Sugar industry, Superposition principle, Tartaric acid, Threonine, Turpentine, Wavelength, Wiley (publisher).