Oriental rug, the Glossary
An oriental rug is a heavy textile made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes and produced in "Oriental countries" for home use, local sale, and export.[1]
Table of Contents
344 relations: Abbas the Great, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Abulfeda, Achaemenid Empire, Afghanistan, Afshar people, Agra, Akbar, Akkadian language, Al-Maqdisi, Alâeddin Mosque, Albrecht Dürer, Aleph, Allah, Alois Riegl, Altai Mountains, Altai Republic, Amu Darya, Anabasis (Xenophon), Anatolia, Anatolian rug, André de Longjumeau, Aniconism in Islam, Aniline, Anthemis, Antioch, Anushtegin dynasty, Apotropaic magic, Arabesque, Arabian carpet, Arak, Iran, Aral Sea, Ardabil Carpet, Armenia, Armenian carpet, Armenian cochineal, Arthur Upham Pope, Asmalyk, Aubusson tapestry, Aurel Stein, Axminster Carpets, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Carpet Museum, Azerbaijani carpet, Azerbaijani carpet weaving, Azerbaijanis, Çatalhöyük, Babur, Bakhtiari people, Baku, ... Expand index (294 more) »
- Islamic art by country
- Oriental rugs and carpets
- Persian rugs and carpets
Abbas the Great
Abbas I (translit; 27 January 1571 – 19 January 1629), commonly known as Abbas the Great (translit), was the fifth shah of Safavid Iran from 1588 to 1629.
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Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ibn al-Hakam (translit; July/August 644 or June/July 647 – 9 October 705) was the fifth Umayyad caliph, ruling from April 685 until his death in October 705.
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Abulfeda
Ismāʿīl bin ʿAlī bin Maḥmūd bin Muḥammad bin ʿUmar bin Shāhanshāh bin Ayyūb bin Shādī bin Marwān (إسماعيل بن علي بن محمود بن محمد بن عمر بن شاهنشاه بن أيوب بن شادي بن مروان), better known as Abū al-Fidāʾ or Abulfeda (أبو الفداء; November 127327 October 1331), was a Mamluk-era Kurdish geographer, historian, Ayyubid prince and local governor of Hama.
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, also known as the Persian Empire or First Persian Empire (𐎧𐏁𐏂), was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
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Afghanistan
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.
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Afshar people
Afshar (Əfşar افشار; Avşar, Afşar; Owşar اوْوشار; Afshār) is a tribe of Oghuz Turkic origin, that split into several groups in Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan.
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Agra
Agra is a city on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about south-east of the national capital Delhi and 330 km west of the state capital Lucknow.
Akbar
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (–), popularly known as Akbar the Great, and also as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.
Akkadian language
Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.
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Al-Maqdisi
Shams al-Din Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Bakr (translit; 991), commonly known by the nisba al-Maqdisi (translit) or al-Muqaddasī (ٱلْمُقَدَّسِي) was a medieval Palestinian Arab geographer, author of Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm (The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions), as well as author of the book, Description of Syria (Including Palestine).
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Alâeddin Mosque
The Alâeddin Mosque (Turkish: Alâeddin Camii) is the principal monument on Alaaddin Hill (Alaadin Tepesi) in the centre of Konya, Turkey.
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Albrecht Dürer
Albrecht Dürer (21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528),Müller, Peter O. (1993) Substantiv-Derivation in Den Schriften Albrecht Dürers, Walter de Gruyter.
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Aleph
Aleph (or alef or alif, transliterated ʾ) is the first letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician ʾālep 𐤀, Hebrew ʾālef א, Aramaic ʾālap 𐡀, Syriac ʾālap̄ ܐ, Arabic ʾalif ا, and North Arabian 𐪑.
Allah
Allah (ﷲ|translit.
Alois Riegl
Alois Riegl (14 January 1858, Linz – 17 June 1905, Vienna) was an Austrian art historian, and is considered a member of the Vienna School of Art History.
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Altai Mountains
The Altai Mountains, also spelled Altay Mountains, are a mountain range in Central Asia and Eastern Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan converge, and where the rivers Irtysh and Ob have their headwaters.
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Altai Republic
The Altai Republic (Altay Respublika; Respublika Altay), also known as Gorno-Altai Republic, and colloquially, and primarily referred to in Russian to distinguish from the neighbouring Altai Krai as the Gornyi Altai (lit), is a republic of Russia located in southern Siberia.
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Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, also called the Amu, the Amo, and historically the Oxus (Latin: Ōxus; Greek: Ὦξος, Ôxos), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.
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Anabasis (Xenophon)
Anabasis (Ἀνάβασις; an "expedition up from") is the most famous work of the Ancient Greek professional soldier and writer Xenophon.
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Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Anatolian rug
Anatolian rug or Turkish carpet (Turkish: Türk Halısı) is a term of convenience, commonly used today to denote rugs and carpets woven in Anatolia and its adjacent regions. Oriental rug and Anatolian rug are oriental rugs and carpets.
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André de Longjumeau
André de Longjumeau (also known as Andrew of Longjumeau in English) was a French diplomat and Dominican missionary and one of the most active Occidental diplomats in the East in the 13th century.
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Aniconism in Islam
In some forms of Islamic art, aniconism stems in part from the prohibition of idolatry and in part from the belief that the creation of living forms is God's prerogative. Oriental rug and aniconism in Islam are Islamic art.
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Aniline
Aniline (and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula.
Anthemis
Anthemis is a genus of aromatic flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, closely related to Chamaemelum, and like that genus, known by the common name chamomile; some species are also called dog-fennel or mayweed.
Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.
Anushtegin dynasty
The Anushtegin dynasty or Anushteginids (English:, خاندان انوشتکین), also known as the Khwarazmian dynasty (خوارزمشاهیان) was a PersianateC. E. Bosworth:.
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Apotropaic magic
Apotropaic magic or protective magic is a type of magic intended to turn away harm or evil influences, as in deflecting misfortune or averting the evil eye.
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Arabesque
The arabesque is a form of artistic decoration consisting of "surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage, tendrils" or plain lines, often combined with other elements. Oriental rug and arabesque are Islamic art and Islamic culture.
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Arabian carpet
An Arabian carpet (Arabic: سجاد, Sijjad) is an oriental carpet made in the Arab world using traditional Arab carpet-making techniques. Oriental rug and Arabian carpet are oriental rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
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Arak, Iran
Arak (اراک) is a city in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.
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Aral Sea
The Aral Sea was an endorheic lake (that is, without an outlet) lying between Kazakhstan to its north and Uzbekistan to its south, which began shrinking in the 1960s and largely dried up by the 2010s.
Ardabil Carpet
The Ardabil Carpet (or Ardebil Carpet) is the name of two different famous Persian carpets, the larger and better-known now in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. Oriental rug and Ardabil Carpet are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Armenia
Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia.
Armenian carpet
The term Armenian carpet designates, but is not limited to, tufted rugs or knotted carpets woven in Armenia or by Armenians from pre-Christian times to the present.
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Armenian cochineal
The Armenian cochineal (Porphyrophora hamelii), also known as the Ararat cochineal or Ararat scale, is a scale insect indigenous to the Ararat plain and Aras (Araks) River valley in the Armenian Highlands, including East of Turkey.
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Arthur Upham Pope
Arthur Upham Pope (February 7, 1881 – September 3, 1969) was an American scholar, art historian, and architecture historian.
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Asmalyk
An asmalyk (Turkmen language, "a thing to be hung") is a textile trapping used in a Turkmen wedding procession.
Aubusson tapestry
Aubusson tapestry is tapestry manufactured at Aubusson, in the upper valley of the Creuse in central France.
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Aurel Stein
Sir Marc Aurel Stein, (Stein Márk Aurél; 26 November 1862 – 26 October 1943) was a Hungarian-born British archaeologist, primarily known for his explorations and archaeological discoveries in Central Asia.
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Axminster Carpets
Axminster Carpets Ltd is an Axminster, Devon based English manufacturer of carpets, particularly the same-named Axminster carpets.
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Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and West Asia.
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Azerbaijan Carpet Museum
Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum (Azərbaycan Milli Xalça Muzeyi, formerly called the Azerbaijan Carpet Museum) is a museum located in Baku that displays Azerbaijani carpets and rugs with historical and modern weaving techniques and materials. Oriental rug and Azerbaijan Carpet Museum are rugs and carpets.
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Azerbaijani carpet
Azerbaijani carpet (Azərbaycan xalçası) is a traditional carpet (rug) made in Azerbaijan. Oriental rug and Azerbaijani carpet are oriental rugs and carpets.
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Azerbaijani carpet weaving
Azerbaijani carpet weaving (Azərbaycan xalça toxuculuğu) is a historical and traditional activity of the Azerbaijani people.
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Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijanis (Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris (Azərilər, آذریلر), or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan Türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.
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Çatalhöyük
Çatalhöyük (English: Chatalhoyuk;; also Çatal Höyük and Çatal Hüyük; from Turkish çatal "fork" + höyük "tumulus") is a tell (a mounded accretion due to long-term human settlement) of a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-city settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 6400 BC and flourished around 7000 BC.
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Babur
Babur (14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent.
Bakhtiari people
The Bakhtiari (also spelled Bakhtiyari; بختیاری) are a Lur tribe from Iran.
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Baku
Baku (Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region.
Baloch people
The Baloch or Baluch (Balòc) are a nomadic, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Baloch language and is native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan.
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Benedict of Poland
Benedict of Poland (Latin: Benedictus Polonus, Polish Benedykt Polak) (c. 1200 – c. 1280) was a Polish Franciscan friar, traveler, explorer, and interpreter.
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Benjamin Altman
Benjamin Altman (July 12, 1840 – October 7, 1913) was a New York City department store owner and art collector who is best known today for his large art collection, which he donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
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Benno Landsberger
Benno Landsberger (21 April 1890 – 26 April 1968) was a German Assyriologist.
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Beyşehir
Beyşehir is a municipality and district of Konya Province, Turkey.
Bijar (city)
Bijar (بیجار) is a city in the Central District of Bijar County, Kurdistan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
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Bombyx mori
Bombyx mori, commonly known as the domestic silk moth, is a moth species belonging to the family Bombycidae.
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British Raj
The British Raj (from Hindustani, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent,.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age was a historical period lasting from approximately 3300 to 1200 BC.
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Brukenthal National Museum
The Brukenthal National Museum (Muzeul Național Brukenthal; Brukenthalmuseum) is a museum in Sibiu, Transylvania, Romania, established in the late 18th century by Samuel von Brukenthal (1721-1803) in his city palace.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Cairo
Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.
Camel
A camel (from camelus and κάμηλος from Ancient Semitic: gāmāl) is an even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back.
Carmine
Carminealso called cochineal (when it is extracted from the cochineal insect), cochineal extract, crimson lake, or carmine lake is a pigment of a bright-red color obtained from the aluminium complex derived from carminic acid.
Carpet Museum of Iran
Located beside Laleh Park in Tehran the Carpet Museum of Iran was established by the order of Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi in 1976 to exhibit a variety of Persian carpets from all over Iran. Oriental rug and carpet Museum of Iran are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake and sometimes referred to as a full-fledged sea.
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Caucasian carpets and rugs
Caucasian carpets and rugs are primarily made in villages, rather than in cities. Oriental rug and Caucasian carpets and rugs are rugs and carpets.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.
Charles Yerkes
Charles Tyson Yerkes Jr. (June 25, 1837 – December 29, 1905) was an American financier.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia.
Chromatography
In chemical analysis, chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture into its components.
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Cintamani
Cintāmaṇi (Sanskrit; Devanagari: चिन्तामणि; p; Korean: 여의보주/yeouiboju; Japanese Romaji: Nyoihōju), also spelled as Chintamani (or the Chintamani Stone), is a wish-fulfilling jewel resembling a pearl described in Hindu and Buddhist traditions.
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Clay tablet
In the Ancient Near East, clay tablets (Akkadian 𒁾) were used as a writing medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age.
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Cochineal
The cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the natural dye carmine is derived.
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Copts
Copts (niremənkhēmi; al-qibṭ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group indigenous to North Africa who have primarily inhabited the area of modern Egypt since antiquity.
Cotinus coggygria
Cotinus coggygria, syn. Rhus cotinus, the European smoketree, Eurasian smoketree, smoke tree, smoke bush, Venetian sumach, or dyer's sumach, is a Eurasian species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae.
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Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC).
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Culture of Iran
The culture of Iran or culture of PersiaYarshater, Ehsan, Iranian Studies, vol.
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Cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East.
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Dagestan
Dagestan (Дагестан), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea.
Deccan Plateau
The Deccan is a large plateau and region of the Indian subcontinent located between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, and is loosely defined as the peninsular region between these ranges that is south of the Narmada River.
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Derbent
Derbent (Дербе́нт; Кьвевар, Цал; Dərbənd; Дербенд), formerly romanized as Derbend, is a city in Dagestan, Russia, located on the Caspian Sea.
Dikran Kelekian
Dikran Kelekian (December 27, 1867 – January 1951), was a notable collector and dealer of Islamic art.
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Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital
Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital (Divriği Ulu Cami ve Darüşşifası) is a mosque and hospital complex built in 1228–1229 by the local dynasty of the Mengujekids in the small Anatolian town of Divriği, now in Sivas Province, Turkey.
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DOBAG Carpet Initiative
DOBAG is the Turkish acronym for "Doğal Boya Araştırma ve Geliştirme Projesi" (the Natural Dye Research and Development Project).
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Doge of Venice
The Doge of Venice was the highest role of authority within the Republic of Venice (697 CE to 1797 CE).
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Dura-Europos
Dura-Europos was a Hellenistic, Parthian, and Roman border city built on an escarpment above the southwestern bank of the Euphrates river.
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Dye
A dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied.
Early Anatolian animal carpets
Anatolian animal carpets represent a special type of pile-woven carpet, woven in the geographical region of Anatolia during the Seljuq and early Ottoman period, corresponding to the 14th–16th century. Oriental rug and early Anatolian animal carpets are Islamic art and rugs and carpets.
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Eşrefoğlu Mosque
Eşrefoğlu Mosque is a 13th-century mosque in Beyşehir, Konya Province, Turkey It is situated north of the Beyşehir Lake.
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Edmund de Unger
Edmund Robert Anthony de Unger (Ödön Antal Robert de Unger, 6 August 1918, Budapest – 25 January 2011, Ham, London, UK) was a Hungarian-born property developer and art collector. Oriental rug and Edmund de Unger are Islamic art.
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Egypt
Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.
Elibelinde
Elibelinde (Turkish for "hands on hips") is a Turkish motif of a hands-on-hips female figure.
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Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
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Enrico Dandolo
Enrico Dandolo (anglicised as Henry Dandolo and Latinized as Henricus Dandulus; – May/June 1205) was the doge of Venice from 1192 until his death.
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Ernst Kühnel
Ernst Kühnel (1882−1964) was a German art historian who specialized in Islamic art.
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Erzurum
Erzurum is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey.
Euphorbia
Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the family Euphorbiaceae.
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Evil eye
The evil eye is a supernatural belief in a curse brought about by a malevolent glare, usually inspired by envy.
Fars province
Fars province (استان فارس) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
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Fat-tailed sheep
The fat-tailed sheep is a general type of domestic sheep known for their distinctive large tails and hindquarters.
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Fatehpur Sikri
Fatehpur Sikri is a town in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Felt
Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together.
Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
The Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco (FAMSF), comprising the de Young Museum in Golden Gate Park and the Legion of Honor in Lincoln Park, is the largest public arts institution in the city of San Francisco.
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Fourth Crusade
The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III.
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Friedrich Sarre
Friedrich Paul Theodor Sarre (22 June 1865, in Berlin – 31 May 1945, in Neubabelsberg) was a German Orientalist, archaeologist and art historian who amassed a collection of Islamic art.
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Fustat
Fustat (translit), also Fostat, was the first capital of Egypt under Muslim rule, and the historical centre of modern Cairo.
George Hewitt Myers
George Hewitt Myers (September 10, 1875 – December 23, 1957) was an American forester and philanthropist.
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George Washington University Museum and Textile Museum
The George Washington University Museum and Textile Museum is a museum in Washington, D.C., dedicated to the history of George Washington University and textile arts, located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood.
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Georgia (country)
Georgia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and West Asia.
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Ghaznavids
The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان Ġaznaviyān) or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent from the Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186.
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Ghurid dynasty
The Ghurid dynasty (also spelled Ghorids; translit; self-designation: شنسبانی, Šansabānī) was a Persianate dynasty of presumably eastern Iranian Tajik origin, which ruled from the 8th-century in the region of Ghor, and became an Empire from 1175 to 1215.
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Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
Giovanni da Pian del Carpine (or Carpini; p anglicised as John of Plano Carpini; – 1 August 1252) was a medieval Italian diplomat, Catholic archbishop, explorer and one of the first Europeans to enter the court of the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
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Goat
The goat or domestic goat (Capra hircus) is a species of domesticated goat-antelope that is mostly kept as livestock.
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus (in Kipchak Turkic), was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire.
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Gul (design)
A gul (also written gol, göl and gül) is a medallion-like design element typical of traditional hand-woven carpets from Central and West Asia. Oriental rug and gul (design) are Islamic art.
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Gul (name)
Gul is a common name in Persian (گل), Pashto (ګل Gwal) and Turkish (Gül) languages, meaning rose.
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Hagop Kevorkian
Hagop Kevorkian (Յակոբ Գէորգեան; 1872 – 1962) was an Armenian-American archeologist, connoisseur of art, and collector.
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Hamadan
Hamedan (همدان) is a city in western Iran.
Hamsa
The hamsa (five, referring to images of 'the five fingers of the hand'),Zenner, 1988,.
Harvey Nichols
Harvey Nichols is a British luxury department store chain founded in 1831, at its flagship store in Knightsbridge, London.
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Hephthalites
The Hephthalites (translit), sometimes called the White Huns (also known as the White Hunas, in Iranian as the Spet Xyon and in Sanskrit as the Sveta-huna), were a people who lived in Central Asia during the 5th to 8th centuries CE, part of the larger group of the Iranian Huns.
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Heraldry
Heraldry is a discipline relating to the design, display and study of armorial bearings (known as armory), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, rank and pedigree.
Heriz rug
Heriz rugs are Azerbaijani rugs from the area of Heris in northwest Iran, northeast of Tabriz. Oriental rug and Heriz rug are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum (p) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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High Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages, or High Medieval Period, was the period of European history that lasted from AD 1000 to 1300.
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Hisham's Palace
Hisham's Palace (قصر هشام), also known as Khirbat al-Mafjar (خربة المفجر), is an important early Islamic archaeological site in the Palestinian city of Jericho, in the West Bank.
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History of Turkmenistan
The history of Turkmenistan traditionally began with the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC.
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Holbein carpet
Holbein carpets are a type of carpet taking their name from Hans Holbein the Younger, due to their depiction in European Renaissance paintings, although they are shown in paintings from many decades earlier than Holbein.
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Homer
Homer (Ὅμηρος,; born) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature.
House of Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.
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House of Sabah
The House of Sabah (آل صباح Āl Ṣabāḥ) is the ruling family of Kuwait.
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Humayun
Nasir al-Din Muhammad (6 March 1508 – 27 January 1556), commonly known by his regnal name Humayun, was the second Mughal emperor, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Northern India, and Pakistan from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to his death in 1556.
Huns
The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.
Ibn Battuta
Abū Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abd Allāh Al-Lawātī (24 February 13041368/1369), commonly known as Ibn Battuta, was a Maghrebi traveller, explorer and scholar.
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Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi
Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Mūsā ibn Saʿīd al-Maghribī (علي بن موسى المغربي بن سعيد) (1213–1286), also known as Ibn Saʿīd al-Andalusī, was an Arab geographer, historian, poet, and the most important collector of poetry from al-Andalus in the 12th and 13th centuries.
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Idrimi
Idrimi (meaning "It is my help") was the king of Alalakh c. 1490–1465 BC, or around 1450 BC.
Iliad
The Iliad (Iliás,; " about Ilion (Troy)") is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.
Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared document where the text is decorated with flourishes such as borders and miniature illustrations.
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India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
Indigo dye
Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color.
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Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria, also called true indigo, is a species of plant from the bean family that was one of the original sources of indigo dye.
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Indo-Aryan migrations
The Indo-Aryan migrations were the migrations into the Indian subcontinent of Indo-Aryan peoples, an ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages.
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Institute of Anthropology and Ethnography
The Institute of Anthropology and Ethnography or N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology (Институт этнологии и антропологии им.; abbreviated as ИЭА in Russian and IEA in English) is a Russian institute of research, specializing in ethnographic studies of cultural and physical anthropology.
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International sanctions against Iran
There have been a number of international sanctions against Iran imposed by a number of countries, especially the United States, and international entities.
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Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (انقلاب ایران), also known as the 1979 Revolution and the Islamic Revolution (label), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions.
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Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.
Isfahan
Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.
Isfahan rug
The Iranian city of Isfahan has long been one of the centres for production of the famous Persian carpet (or rug). Oriental rug and Isfahan rug are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Islamic art
Islamic art is a part of Islamic culture and encompasses the visual arts produced since the 7th century CE by people who lived within territories inhabited or ruled by Muslim populations. Oriental rug and Islamic art are Islamic culture.
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Islamic calligraphy
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from it. Oriental rug and Islamic calligraphy are Islamic art.
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J. P. Morgan
John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier and investment banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age and Progressive Era.
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Jahangir
Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his imperial name Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 till his death in 1627.
Jaipur
Jaipur is the capital and the largest city of the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan.
James F. Ballard
James Franklin Ballard (July 16, 1851 – April 23, 1931) was an American entrepreneur and art collector specializing in rugs from Asia and the Middle East, and medieval prints by such artists as Albrecht Dürer.
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Jan van Eyck
Jan van Eyck (– 9 July 1441) was a Flemish painter active in Bruges who was one of the early innovators of what became known as Early Netherlandish painting, and one of the most significant representatives of Early Northern Renaissance art.
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Jämtland
Jämtland (Jamtish: Jamtlann; Iemptia) is a historical province (landskap) in the centre of Sweden in northern Europe.
John D. Rockefeller Jr.
John Davison Rockefeller Jr. (January 29, 1874 – May 11, 1960) was an American financier and philanthropist.
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Julius Lessing
Julius Lessing (20 September 1843 – 14 March 1908) was a German art historian and the first director of the Berliner Kunstgewerbemuseum (Museum of Decorative Arts in Berlin).
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Jute
Jute is a long, rough, shiny bast fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads.
Kabul
Kabul is the capital city of Afghanistan.
Karabakh
Karabakh (Qarabağ; Ġarabaġ) is a geographic region in present-day southwestern Azerbaijan and eastern Armenia, extending from the highlands of the Lesser Caucasus down to the lowlands between the rivers Kura and Aras.
Kars Museum
The Kars Museum was opened in 1963 in the Cathedral of Kars (now the Kümbet Mosque) of Kars, Turkey.
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Kashan
Kashan (کاشان) is a city in the Central District of Kashan County, in the northern part of Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
Kashmiri rug
A Kashmir rug is a hand-knotted oriental rug from Kashmir valley in India, which is associated with Kashmiri handicrafts. Oriental rug and Kashmiri rug are rugs and carpets.
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Kayseri
Kayseri is a large city in Central Anatolia, Turkey, and the capital of Kayseri province.
Kerman carpet
Kerman carpets (sometimes "Kirman") are one of the traditional classifications of Persian carpets. Oriental rug and Kerman carpet are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Kermes (dye)
Kermes is a red dye derived from the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect in the genus Kermes, primarily Kermes vermilio.
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Khanate of Bukhara
The Khanate of Bukhara (or Khanate of Bukhoro) was an Uzbek state in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785, founded by the Abu'l-Khayrid dynasty, a branch of the Shaybanids.
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Kilim
A kilim (گلیمkilim کیلیم; kilim; kilim) is a flat tapestry-woven carpet or rug traditionally produced in countries of the former Persian Empire, including Iran, but also in the Balkans and the Turkic countries. Oriental rug and kilim are oriental rugs and carpets.
Kilim motifs
Many motifs are used in traditional kilims, handmade flat-woven rugs, each with many variations.
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Knot density
Knot density is a traditional measure for quality of handmade or knotted pile carpets. Oriental rug and knot density are rugs and carpets.
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Knotted-pile carpet
A knotted-pile carpet is a carpet containing raised surfaces, or piles, from the cut off ends of knots woven between the warp and weft. Oriental rug and knotted-pile carpet are rugs and carpets.
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Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province.
Kufic
The Kufic script (Romanized) is a style of Arabic script that gained prominence early on as a preferred script for Quran transcription and architectural decoration, and it has since become a reference and an archetype for a number of other Arabic scripts.
Kurdish rugs
Kurdish rugs (فەرشی کوردی) are rugs woven by Kurds in Kurdistan. Oriental rug and Kurdish rugs are oriental rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
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Kurds
Kurds or Kurdish people (rtl, Kurd) are an Iranic ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria.
Kurt Erdmann
Kurt Erdmann (9 September 1901, in Hamburg – 30 September 1964, in Berlin) was a German art historian who specialized in Sasanian and Islamic Art.
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Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia.
Lahore
Lahore (لہور; لاہور) is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab.
Lamedh
Lamedh or lamed is the twelfth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew lāmeḏ ל, Aramaic lāmaḏ 𐡋, Syriac lāmaḏ ܠ, Arabic lām ل, and Phoenician lāmd 𐤋.
Latif Karimov
Latif Husein oglu Karimov (Lətif Hüseyn oğlu Kərimov; 17 November 1906 in Shusha – 8 September 1991 in Baku) was an Azerbaijani carpet designer known for his contributions to a variety of artistic fields, as well as for a number of books classifying and describing various designs of Azerbaijani rugs.
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Liberty (department store)
Liberty, commonly known as Liberty's, is a luxury department store in London, England.
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Loom
A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry.
Lop Nur
Lop Nur or Lop Nor (from a Mongolian name meaning "Lop Lake", where "Lop" is a toponym of unknown origin) is a now largely dried-up salt lake formerly located in the eastern fringe of the Tarim Basin in the southeastern portion of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, northwestern China, between the Taklamakan and Kumtag deserts.
Louvre
The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum, is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world.
Lurs
The Lurs are an Iranian people living in western Iran.
Maghreb
The Maghreb (lit), also known as the Arab Maghreb (اَلْمَغْرِبُ الْعَرَبِيُّ) and Northwest Africa, is the western part of the Arab world.
Mamluk carpets
Many studies have been conducted on Mamluk carpets, but scholars have not come to a consensus as to when or where they were made. Oriental rug and Mamluk carpets are Islamic art, oriental rugs and carpets, Persian rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
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Mamluk Sultanate
The Mamluk Sultanate (translit), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries.
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Mandeville's Travels
The Travels of Sir John Mandeville, commonly known as Mandeville's Travels, is a book written between 1357 and 1371 that purports to be the travel memoir of an Englishman named Sir John Mandeville across the Islamic world as far as India and China.
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Marco Polo
Marco Polo (8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295.
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Mari, Syria
Mari (Cuneiform:, ma-riki, modern Tell Hariri; تل حريري) was an ancient Semitic city-state in modern-day Syria.
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Mashhad
Mashhad (مشهد) is the second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran.
Matricaria chamomilla
Matricaria chamomilla (synonym: Matricaria recutita), commonly known as chamomile (also spelled camomile), German chamomile, Hungarian chamomile (kamilla), wild chamomile, blue chamomile, or scented mayweed, is an annual plant of the composite family Asteraceae.
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Mauveine
Mauveine, also known as aniline purple and Perkin's mauve, was one of the first synthetic dyes.
May Hamilton Beattie
May Hamilton Beattie (13 April 1908 – February 1997) was a Scottish researcher dedicated to delving into the beauty of Oriental rugs, establishing it as a field of research at the University of Oxford. Oriental rug and May Hamilton Beattie are oriental rugs and carpets.
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Mecca
Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.
Mercantilism
Mercantilism is a nationalist economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy.
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Mercerisation
Mercerisation is a textile finishing treatment for cellulose fabric and yarn, mainly cotton and flax, which improves dye uptake and tear strength, reduces fabric shrinkage, and imparts a silk-like luster.
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Merv
Merv (Merw, Мерв, مرو; translit), also known as the Merve Oasis, was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan.
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an encyclopedic art museum in New York City.
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Mevlâna Museum
The Mevlâna Museum (Mevlânâ Müzesi), in Konya, Turkey, started life as the dervish lodge (Tekke) of the Mevlevi order, better known as the whirling dervishes.
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Miho Museum
The Miho Museum is located southeast of Kyoto, Japan, in the Shigaraki neighborhood of the city of Kōka, in Shiga Prefecture.
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Mihrab
Mihrab (محراب,, pl. محاريب) is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying.
Milas
Milas (Μύλασα, Mylasa) is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey.
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history.
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Mongol invasions and conquests
The Mongol invasions and conquests took place during the 13th and 14th centuries, creating history's largest contiguous empire, the Mongol Empire (1206–1368), which by 1260 covered large parts of Eurasia.
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Mordant
A mordant or dye fixative is a substance used to set (i.e., bind) dyes on fabrics.
Mosque
A mosque, also called a masjid, is a place of worship for Muslims.
Mosque lamp
Fine mosque lamps are oil lamps that typically have a large round body and a narrower neck that flares towards the top. Oriental rug and mosque lamp are Islamic art.
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.
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Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris
The Musée des Arts Décoratifs (English: Museum of Decorative Arts) is a museum in Paris, France, dedicated to the exhibition and preservation of the decorative arts.
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Museo Poldi Pezzoli
The Museo Poldi Pezzoli is an art museum in Milan, Italy.
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Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg
The Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg (Museum of Art and Design Hamburg) is a museum of fine, applied and decorative arts in Hamburg, Germany.
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Museum of Applied Arts (Budapest)
The Museum of Applied Arts (Iparművészeti Múzeum) is a museum in Budapest, Hungary.
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Museum of Applied Arts, Vienna
The MAK – Museum of Applied Arts (German: Museum für angewandte Kunst) is an arts and crafts museum located at Stubenring 5 in Vienna's 1st district Innere Stadt.
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Museum of Islamic Art, Berlin
The Museum of Islamic Art (Museum für Islamische Kunst) is located in the Pergamon Museum and is part of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin.
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Museum of Islamic Art, Doha
The Museum of Islamic Art (MIA) is a museum on one end of the Corniche in Doha, Qatar.
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Muslim world
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. Oriental rug and Muslim world are Islamic culture.
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Nain rug
Nain rugs are produced in Nain, in central Iran, beginning shortly before World War II. Oriental rug and Nain rug are Persian rugs and carpets.
Nain, Iran
Nain (نائین) is a city in the Central District of Nain County, Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.
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Natural dye
Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals.
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Natural History (Pliny)
The Natural History (Naturalis Historia) is a Latin work by Pliny the Elder.
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Nuzi
Nuzi (Hurrian Nuzi/Nuzu; Akkadian Gasur; modern Yorghan Tepe, Iraq) was an ancient Mesopotamian city southwest of the city of Arrapha (modern Kirkuk), located near the Tigris river.
Oak
An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus Quercus of the beech family.
Oak apple
Oak apple or oak gall is the common name for a large, round, vaguely apple-like gall commonly found on many species of oak.
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Odyssey
The Odyssey (Odýsseia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.
Oghuz Turks
The Oghuz Turks (Middle Turkic: ٱغُز, Oγuz) were a western Turkic people who spoke the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family.
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Onguday
Onguday (Онгуда́й; Оҥдой, Oñdoy) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ongudaysky District in the Altai Republic, Russia, located on the Ursul River, from Gorno-Altaysk, the capital of the republic.
Onion
An onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium.
Orient
The Orient is a term referring to the East in relation to Europe, traditionally comprising anything belonging to the Eastern world.
Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting
Carpets of Middle-Eastern origin, either from Anatolia, Persia, Armenia, Levant, the Mamluk state of Egypt or Northern Africa, were used as decorative features in Western European paintings from the 14th century onwards. More depictions of Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting survive than actual carpets contemporary with these paintings. Oriental rug and Oriental carpets in Renaissance painting are Islamic art and rugs and carpets.
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Oriental rug
An oriental rug is a heavy textile made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes and produced in "Oriental countries" for home use, local sale, and export. Oriental rug and oriental rug are Islamic art, Islamic art by country, Islamic culture, oriental rugs and carpets, Persian rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
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Oriental Rug Retailers of America
The Oriental Rug Retailers of America (ORRA) is a non-profit organization that was founded over 40 years ago to promote ethical practices in the Oriental rug business. Oriental rug and Oriental Rug Retailers of America are rugs and carpets.
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Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
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Paisley (design)
Paisley or paisley pattern is an ornamental textile design using the boteh (بته) or buta, a teardrop-shaped motif with a curved upper end.
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Pakistan
Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia.
Pakistani rug
A Pakistani rug (translit), also known as Pakistani carpet (translit), is a type of handmade floor-covering heavy textile traditionally made in Pakistan and is used for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purposes. Oriental rug and Pakistani rug are rugs and carpets.
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Parochet
A parochet (translit; translit), meaning "curtain" or "screen",Sonne Isaiah (1962) 'Synagogue' in The Interpreter's dictionary of the Bible vol 4, New York: Abingdon Press pp 476-491 is the curtain that covers the Torah ark (Aron Kodesh) containing the Torah scrolls in a synagogue.
Partition of India
The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.
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Pazyryk burials
The Pazyryk burials are a number of Scythian (Saka) "The rich kurgan burials in Pazyryk, Siberia probably were those of Saka chieftains" "Analysis of the clothing, which has analogies in the complex of Saka clothes, particularly in Pazyryk, led Wang Binghua (1987, 42) to the conclusion that they are related to the Saka Culture." "The dress of Iranian-speaking Saka and Scythians is easily reconstructed on the basis of...
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Persian art
Persian art or Iranian art has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in many media including architecture, painting, weaving, pottery, calligraphy, metalworking and sculpture. Oriental rug and Persian art are Islamic art by country.
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Persian carpet
A Persian carpet (translit) or Persian rug (translit),Savory, R., Carpets,(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed January 30, 2007. Oriental rug and Persian carpet are Islamic art, Islamic culture, oriental rugs and carpets and Persian rugs and carpets.
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Persian miniature
A Persian miniature (Persian: نگارگری ایرانی negârgari Irâni) is a small Persian painting on paper, whether a book illustration or a separate work of art intended to be kept in an album of such works called a muraqqa. Oriental rug and Persian miniature are Islamic art.
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Pixel
In digital imaging, a pixel (abbreviated px), pel, or picture element is the smallest addressable element in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a dot matrix display device.
Pliny the Elder
Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.
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Plying
In the textile arts, plying (from the French verb plier, "to fold", from the Latin verb plico, from the ancient Greek verb πλέκω.) is a process of twisting one or more strings (called strands or plies) of yarn together to create a stronger yarn.
Polish cochineal
Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica, Margarodes polonicus), also known as Polish carmine scales, is a scale insect formerly used to produce a crimson dye of the same name, colloquially known as "Saint John's blood".
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Prayer rug
A prayer rug or prayer mat is a piece of fabric, sometimes a pile carpet, used by Muslims, some Christians, especially in Orthodox Christianity and some Baha'i during prayer. Oriental rug and prayer rug are rugs and carpets.
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Qashqai people
Qashqai people (pronounced; قشقایی; Kaşkayı in Turkish) are a Turkic tribal confederation in Iran.
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Qibla
The qibla (lit) is the direction towards the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque in Mecca, which is used by Muslims in various religious contexts, particularly the direction of prayer for the salah.
Qom
Qom (قم) is a city in the Central District of Qom County, Qom province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.
Queenstown, South Africa
Queenstown, officially Komani, is a town in the middle of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, roughly halfway between the smaller towns of Cathcart and Sterkstroom on the N6 National Route.
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Quran
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).
Radiocarbon dating
Radiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon.
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Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries.
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Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice, traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and maritime republic with its capital in Venice.
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Reseda luteola
Reseda luteola is a flowering plant species in the family Resedaceae.
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Rhus coriaria
Rhus coriaria, commonly called Sicilian sumac, tanner's sumach, or elm-leaved sumach, is a deciduous shrub to small tree in the cashew family Anacardiaceae.
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Rubia tinctorum
Rubia tinctorum, the rose madder or common madder or dyer's madder, is a herbaceous perennial plant species belonging to the bedstraw and coffee family Rubiaceae.
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Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.
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Rya (rug)
A rya or rye is a traditional Scandinavian wool rug with a long pile of about 1 to 3 inches. Oriental rug and rya (rug) are rugs and carpets.
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Sack of Constantinople
The Sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade.
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Safavid Iran
Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.
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Saint Louis Art Museum
The Saint Louis Art Museum (SLAM) is one of the principal U.S. art museums, with paintings, sculptures, cultural objects, and ancient masterpieces from all corners of the world.
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Samangan Province
Samangan (Dari:; Pashto) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located north of the Hindu Kush mountains in the central part of the country.
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Sanandaj
Sanandaj (سنندج) is a city in the Central District of Sanandaj County, in the Kurdistan province of Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.
Saruq, Markazi
Saruq (ساروق) is a city in, and the capital of, Saruq District of Arak County, Markazi province, Iran.
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Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
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Savonnerie manufactory
The Savonnerie manufactory was the most prestigious European manufactory of knotted-pile carpets, enjoying its greatest period c. 1650–1685; the cachet of its name is casually applied to many knotted-pile carpets made at other centers.
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Scythians
The Scythians or Scyths (but note Scytho- in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC.
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Seraband rug
Seraband rug or Saraband, is an Iranian (Persian) handwoven floor rug from the Ser-e Band district (located southwest of Arak, Iran). Oriental rug and Seraband rug are Persian rugs and carpets.
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Shãh Abbãsi floral design
The Shãh Abbãsi floral design (motif) was commissioned by Shãh Abbãs the Great, originally to decorate the tiles of Esfahan's mosques.
See Oriental rug and Shãh Abbãsi floral design
Sheep
Sheep (sheep) or domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are a domesticated, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.
Sheep shearing
Sheep shearing is the process by which the woollen fleece of a sheep is cut off.
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Shirvan
Shirvan (from translit; Şirvan; Tat: Şirvan) is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, as known in both pre-Islamic Sasanian and Islamic times.
Siberia
Siberia (Sibir') is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.
Sindh
Sindh (سِنْدھ,; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind) is a province of Pakistan.
Sivas
Sivas (Latin and Greek: Sebastia, Sebastea, Σεβάστεια, Σεβαστή) is a city in central Turkey.
Soumak
Soumak (also spelled soumakh, sumak, sumac, or soumac) is a tapestry technique of weaving sturdy, decorative fabrics used for carpets, rugs, domestic bags and bedding, with soumak fabrics used for bedding known as soumak mafrash. Oriental rug and soumak are rugs and carpets.
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
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Spinning frame
The spinning frame is an Industrial Revolution invention for spinning thread or yarn from fibres such as wool or cotton in a mechanized way.
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Spinning wheel
A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from fibres.
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Sultanate of Rum
The Sultanate of Rûm was a culturally Turco-Persian Sunni Muslim state, established over conquered Byzantine territories and peoples (Rûm) of Anatolia by the Seljuk Turks following their entry into Anatolia after the Battle of Manzikert (1071).
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Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.
Swedish carpets and rugs
Carpets and rugs have been handmade in Sweden for centuries, taking on many different forms and functions over the course of time. Oriental rug and Swedish carpets and rugs are rugs and carpets.
See Oriental rug and Swedish carpets and rugs
Swedish History Museum
The Swedish History Museum (Historiska museet or Statens historiska museum) is a museum located in Stockholm, Sweden, that covers Swedish archaeology and cultural history from the Mesolithic period to present day.
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Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
Tabriz
Tabriz (تبریز) is a city in the Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran.
Tahmasp I
Tahmasp I (translit or تهماسب یکم; 22 February 1514 – 14 May 1576) was the second shah of Safavid Iran from 1524 until his death in 1576.
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Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the right bank of the river Yamuna in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Talish (region)
Tālīsh (script; Talış; Tālesh) is a region in the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an interregnum between 690 and 705.
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Terminus post quem
A terminus post quem ('limit after which', sometimes abbreviated TPQ) and terminus ante quem ('limit before which', abbreviated TAQ) specify the known limits of dating for events or items.
See Oriental rug and Terminus post quem
The Travels of Marco Polo
Book of the Marvels of the World (Italian:, lit. 'The Million', possibly derived from Polo's nickname "Emilione"), in English commonly called The Travels of Marco Polo, is a 13th-century travelogue written down by Rustichello da Pisa from stories told by Italian explorer Marco Polo.
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Tibet
Tibet (Böd), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about.
Tibetan rug
Tibetan rug making is an ancient, traditional craft. Oriental rug and Tibetan rug are oriental rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
See Oriental rug and Tibetan rug
Timurid Empire
The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India and Turkey.
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Transhumance
Transhumance is a type of pastoralism or nomadism, a seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures.
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Transylvanian rugs
The name Transylvanian rug is used as a term of convenience to denote a cultural heritage of 15th–17th century Islamic rugs, mainly of Ottoman origin, which have been preserved in Transylvanian Protestant (Hungarian and Saxon) churches. Oriental rug and Transylvanian rugs are Islamic art and oriental rugs and carpets.
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Travel literature
The genre of travel literature or travelogue encompasses outdoor literature, guide books, nature writing, and travel memoirs.
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Treaty of Constantinople (1724)
The Treaty of Constantinople (Константинопольский договор) Russo-Ottoman Treaty or Treaty of the Partition of Persia (Iran Mukasemenamesi) was a treaty concluded on 24 June 1724 between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire, dividing large portions of the territory of mutually neighbouring Safavid Iran between them.
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Treaty of Gulistan
The Treaty of Gulistan (also spelled Golestan: translit; translit) was a peace treaty concluded between the Russian Empire and Qajar Iran on 24 October 1813 in the village of Gulistan (now in the Goranboy District of Azerbaijan) as a result of the first full-scale Russo-Persian War (1804 to 1813).
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Tree of life
The tree of life is a fundamental archetype in many of the world's mythological, religious, and philosophical traditions.
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TU Dresden
TU Dresden (for Technische Universität Dresden, abbreviated as TUD), also as the Dresden University of Technology, is a public research university in Dresden, Germany.
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Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan (from Turks), is a historical region in Central Asia corresponding to the regions of Transoxiana and East Turkestan (Xinjiang).
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Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.
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Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum
The Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum (Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi) is a museum located in Sultanahmet Square in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey.
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Turkish Cultural Foundation
The Turkish Cultural Foundation promotes and preserves Turkish culture and heritage worldwide, and places special emphasis on education for disadvantaged students in Turkey and abroad.
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Turkmen rug
A Turkmen rug (Türkmen haly; or Turkmen carpet or Turkoman carpet) is a type of handmade floor-covering textile traditionally originating in Central Asia. Oriental rug and Turkmen rug are Persian rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
See Oriental rug and Turkmen rug
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
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Turkmens
Turkmens (Türkmenler, italic,,; historically "the Turkmen") are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and north-western Afghanistan.
Turpan
Turpan (تۇرپان), generally known in English as Turfan (s), is a prefecture-level city located in the east of the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China.
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
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UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNESCO established its Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.
See Oriental rug and UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
Ushak carpet
Uşak carpets, Ushak carpets or Oushak Carpets (Uşak Halısı) are Turkish carpets that use a particular family of designs, called by convention after the city of Uşak, Turkey – one of the larger towns in Western Anatolia, which was a major center of rug production from the early days of the Ottoman Empire, into the early 20th century (although these patterns were woven in other regions also).
See Oriental rug and Ushak carpet
Uthman
Uthman ibn Affan (translit; 17 June 656) was the third caliph, ruling from 644 until his assassination in 656.
Varamin carpet
Varamin carpets and rugs or Veramin carpets and rugs (قالی و فرش ورامین) are carpets and rugs woven in city of Varamin and its surrounding area, southeast of Tehran. Oriental rug and Varamin carpet are Persian rugs and carpets and rugs and carpets.
See Oriental rug and Varamin carpet
Verse of Light
The Verse of Light (āyat an-nūr) is the 35th verse of the 24th surah of the Quran (Q24:35).
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Victoria and Albert Museum
The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects.
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Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele
The Virgin and Child with Canon van der Paele is a large oil-on-oak panel painting completed around 1434–1436 by the Early Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck.
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Vsevolod Miller
Vsevolod Fyodorovich Miller (Всеволод Фёдорович Миллер) –) was a Russian philologist, folklorist, linguist, anthropologist, archaeologist, and academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1911). Vsevolod Miller graduated from the Moscow State University in 1870. In 1884, he became a professor at his alma mater.
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Walters Art Museum
Walters Art Museum is a public art museum located in the Mount Vernon section of Baltimore, Maryland.
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Waqf
A (وَقْف;, plural), also called a (plural حُبوس or أَحْباس), or mortmain property, is an inalienable charitable endowment under Islamic law.
War rug
The war rug tradition of Afghanistan has its origins in the decade of Soviet occupation of Afghanistan from 1979 and has continued through the subsequent military, political and social conflicts.
Warp and weft
In the manufacture of cloth, warp and weft are the two basic components in weaving to transform thread and yarn into textile fabrics.
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Warsaw National Museum
The Warsaw National Museum (Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie, MNW), also known as the National Museum in Warsaw, is a national museum in Warsaw, one of the largest museums in Poland and the largest in the capital.
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Wilhelm von Bode
Wilhelm von Bode (10 December 1845 – 1 March 1929) was a German art historian and museum curator.
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William Henry Perkin
Sir William Henry Perkin (12 March 1838 – 14 July 1907) was a British chemist and entrepreneur best known for his serendipitous discovery of the first commercial synthetic organic dye, mauveine, made from aniline.
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William Morris
William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement.
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William of Rubruck
William of Rubruck (Willem van Rubroeck; Gulielmus de Rubruquis) or Guillaume de Rubrouck was a Flemish Franciscan missionary and explorer.
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Wool
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids.
Worship
Worship is an act of religious devotion usually directed towards a For many, worship is not about an emotion, it is more about a recognition of a God.
Xenophon
Xenophon of Athens (Ξενοφῶν||; probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian, born in Athens.
Yörüks
The Yörüks, also Yuruks or Yorouks (Yörükler;, Youroúkoi; юруци; Јуруци, Juruci), are a Turkic ethnic subgroup of Oghuz descent, some of whom are nomadic, primarily inhabiting the mountains of Anatolia, and partly in the Balkan peninsula.
Ziegler & Co.
Ziegler & Co. was a Manchester-based Anglo-Swiss producer and distributor of Persian carpets in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Oriental rug and Ziegler & Co. are Persian rugs and carpets.
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1939 New York World's Fair
The 1939–1940 New York World's Fair was a world's fair at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City, United States.
See Oriental rug and 1939 New York World's Fair
See also
Islamic art by country
- Arabic art
- Iranian art
- Iraqi art
- Jordanian art
- Mughal art
- Oriental rug
- Ottoman art
- Pakistani art
- Persian art
- Qajar art
- Safavid art
- Turkish art
Oriental rugs and carpets
- Anatolian rug
- Arabian carpet
- Arran (carpet)
- Azerbaijani carpet
- Balochi rug
- Chobi rug
- Gabbeh
- Jajim
- Kilim
- Kurdish rugs
- Lazy line
- Mamluk carpets
- May Hamilton Beattie
- Oriental Carpet Manufacturers
- Oriental rug
- Persian carpet
- Pirot carpet
- Tibetan rug
- Transylvanian rugs
Persian rugs and carpets
- A & M Karagheusian
- Abadeh rug
- Afshar rugs
- Ahar rug
- Arak rug
- Ardabil Carpet
- Ardabil rug
- Baharestan Carpet
- Bakhshayish
- Bakhtiari rug
- Bakshaish
- Boostan
- Carpet Museum of Iran
- Coronation Carpet
- Dorothy Rogers
- Essie Sakhai
- Gabbeh
- Heriz rug
- Isfahan rug
- Jozan rug
- Karadagh rug
- Kerman carpet
- Mamluk carpets
- Nain rug
- Oriental Carpet Manufacturers
- Oriental rug
- Persian carpet
- Pictorial carpet
- Qom rug
- Sarouk Persian carpets
- Seraband rug
- Shahsevan rug
- Shiraz rug
- Sultanabad rugs and carpets
- Tabriz rug
- The Poot
- Turkmen rug
- Varamin carpet
- Zanjan rug
- Ziegler & Co.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_rug
Also known as Chinese carpet, Chinese rug, Islamic carpet, Oriental Carpet, Oriental carpets, Oriental rugs, South African oriental rugs.
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