Common ostrich, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 369 relations: Acetate, Adenosine triphosphate, African wild dog, Agriculture, Agritourism, Air sac, Aldosterone, Algeria, Allometry, Alula, Analogy, Anatolia, Anatomical terms of location, Ancient Greek, Angiogenesis, Angiotensin, Angola, Antelope, Antibody, Appendage, Arabian ostrich, Arabian Peninsula, Arsinoe II, Artery, Assessment of kidney function, Atrioventricular node, Atrium (heart), Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Basal metabolic rate, Beak, Benin, Binomial nomenclature, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Bird anatomy, Bird feet and legs, Bird of prey, BirdLife International, Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Blood plasma, Blood vessel, Blood–air barrier, Bolus (digestion), Botswana, Bronchus, Bundle of His, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Calcium, Calorie, Camel racing, ... Expand index (319 more) »

2. Domesticated birds
3. Ostriches
4. Struthio

Acetate

An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic or radical base).

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Adenosine triphosphate

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.

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African wild dog

The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), also known as the painted dog or Cape hunting dog, is a wild canine native to sub-Saharan Africa.

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Agriculture

Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry for food and non-food products.

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Agritourism

Agritourism or agrotourism involves any agriculturally based operation or activity that brings visitors to a farm or ranch.

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Air sac

Air sacs are spaces within an organism where there is the constant presence of air.

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Aldosterone

Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland.

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Algeria

Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.

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Allometry

Allometry (Ancient Greek "other", "measurement") is the study of the relationship of body size to shape, anatomy, physiology and behaviour, first outlined by Otto Snell in 1892, by D'Arcy Thompson in 1917 in On Growth and Form and by Julian Huxley in 1932.

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Alula

The alula, or bastard wing, (plural alulae) is a small projection on the anterior edge of the wing of modern birds and a few non-avian dinosaurs.

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Analogy

Analogy is a comparison or correspondence between two things (or two groups of things) because of a third element that they are considered to share.

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Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

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Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

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Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

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Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, formed in the earlier stage of vasculogenesis.

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Angiotensin

Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-central coast of Southern Africa.

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Antelope

The term antelope refers to numerous extant or recently extinct species of the ruminant artiodactyl family Bovidae that are indigenous to most of Africa, India, the Middle East, Central Asia, and a small area of Eastern Europe.

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Antibody

An antibody (Ab) is the secreted form of a B cell receptor; the term immunoglobulin (Ig) can refer to either the membrane-bound form or the secreted form of the B cell receptor, but they are, broadly speaking, the same protein, and so the terms are often treated as synonymous.

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Appendage

An appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's or microorganism's body.

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Arabian ostrich

The Arabian ostrich (Struthio camelus syriacus), Syrian ostrich, or Middle Eastern ostrich is an extinct subspecies of the ostrich that lived on the Arabian Peninsula and in the Near East until the mid-20th century. Common ostrich and Arabian ostrich are ostriches and Struthio.

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Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.

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Arsinoe II

Arsinoë II (Ἀρσινόη, 316 BC – between 270 and 268 BC) was a Ptolemaic queen and co-regent of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of ancient Egypt.

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Artery

An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.

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Assessment of kidney function

Assessment of kidney function occurs in different ways, using the presence of symptoms and signs, as well as measurements using urine tests, blood tests, and medical imaging.

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Atrioventricular node

The atrioventricular node or AV node electrically connects the heart's atria and ventricles to coordinate beating in the top of the heart; it is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart.

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Atrium (heart)

The atrium (entry hall;: atria) is one of the two upper chambers in the heart that receives blood from the circulatory system.

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Australian Broadcasting Corporation

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), is the national broadcaster of Australia.

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Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest.

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Beak

The beak, bill, or rostrum is an external anatomical structure found mostly in birds, but also in turtles, non-avian dinosaurs and a few mammals.

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Benin

Benin (Bénin, Benɛ, Benen), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin), and also known as Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

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Binomial nomenclature

In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.

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Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences

The Birbal Sahni institution of Palaeosciences (BSIP), formerly known as the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, is an autonomous institution established by the Government of India under the Department of Science and Technology.

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Bird anatomy

Bird anatomy, or the physiological structure of birds' bodies, shows many unique adaptations, mostly aiding flight.

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Bird feet and legs

The anatomy of bird legs and feet is diverse, encompassing many accommodations to perform a wide variety of functions.

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Bird of prey

Birds of prey or predatory birds, also known as raptors, are hypercarnivorous bird species that actively hunt and feed on other vertebrates (mainly mammals, reptiles and other smaller birds).

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BirdLife International

BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats.

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Birds of the World: Recommended English Names

Birds of the World: Recommended English Names is a paperback book written by Frank Gill and Minturn Wright on behalf of the International Ornithologists' Union.

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Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

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Blood vessel

Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body.

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Blood–air barrier

The blood–air barrier or air–blood barrier, (alveolar–capillary barrier or membrane) exists in the gas exchanging region of the lungs.

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Bolus (digestion)

In digestion, a bolus (from Latin bolus, "ball") is a ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during the process of chewing (which is largely an adaptation for plant-eating mammals).

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Botswana

Botswana, officially the Republic of Botswana, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.

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Bronchus

A bronchus (bronchi) is a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs.

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Bundle of His

The bundle of His (BH) or His bundle (HB) ("hiss". Cengage Learning; 2016.. pp. 129–.) is a collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction.

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Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa.

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Burundi

Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa.

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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Calorie

The calorie is a unit of energy that originated from the caloric theory of heat.

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Camel racing

Camel racing is a racing sport in which jockeys riding on camels compete against each other to finish a set number of laps around a circular racetrack.

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Cameroon

Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa.

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Canterbury Park

Canterbury Park (formerly Canterbury Downs), is a horse racing track in Shakopee, Minnesota, United States.

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Cape Province

The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as the Cape Province (Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as The Cape (Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa.

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Cape Town

Cape Town is the legislative capital of South Africa.

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Capillary

A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system.

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Carbohydrate

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula (where m may or may not be different from n), which does not mean the H has covalent bonds with O (for example with, H has a covalent bond with C but not with O).

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Cardiac conduction system

The cardiac conduction system (CCS, also called the electrical conduction system of the heart) transmits the signals generated by the sinoatrial node – the heart's pacemaker, to cause the heart muscle to contract, and pump blood through the body's circulatory system.

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Cardiac cycle

The cardiac cycle is the performance of the human heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next.

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Carl Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,Blunt (2004), p. 171.

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Cassowary

Cassowaries (muruk, kasuari, Biak: man suar, Papuan: kasu weri) are flightless birds of the genus Casuarius in the order Casuariiformes. Common ostrich and Cassowary are flightless birds.

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Catabolism

Catabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.

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Cecum

The cecum or caecum is a pouch within the peritoneum that is considered to be the beginning of the large intestine.

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Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR), formerly known as Ubangi-Shari, is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

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Cerebral arteries

The cerebral arteries describe three main pairs of arteries and their branches, which perfuse the cerebrum of the brain.

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Chad

Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of North and Central Africa.

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Chandler, Arizona

Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, and a suburb in the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area.

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Cheetah

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a large cat and the fastest land animal.

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Chloride

The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine ion, which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond.

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Choana

The choanae (choana), posterior nasal apertures or internal nostrils are two openings found at the back of the nasal passage between the nasal cavity and the pharynx, in humans and other mammals (as well as crocodilians and most skinks).

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Cholesterol

Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

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Circulatory system

The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.

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CITES

CITES (shorter name for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade.

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City Pages

City Pages was an alternative newspaper serving the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area.

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Clavicle

The clavicle, collarbone, or keybone is a slender, S-shaped long bone approximately 6 inches (15 cm) long that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum (breastbone).

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Clearance (pharmacology)

In pharmacology, clearance (Cl_) is a pharmacokinetic parameter representing the efficiency of drug elimination.

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Cloaca

A cloaca,: cloacae, is the rear orifice that serves as the only opening for the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals.

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Common carotid artery

In anatomy, the left and right common carotid arteries (carotids) are arteries that supply the head and neck with oxygenated blood; they divide in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries.

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Cone

A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex.

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Convection (heat transfer)

Convection (or convective heat transfer) is the transfer of heat from one place to another due to the movement of fluid.

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Coronary circulation

Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the arteries and veins that supply the heart muscle (myocardium).

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Coronary sulcus

The coronary sulcus (also called coronary groove, auriculoventricular groove, atrioventricular groove, AV groove) is a groove on the surface of the heart at the base of right auricle that separates the atria from the ventricles.

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Countercurrent exchange

Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering, in which there is a crossover of some property, usually heat or some chemical, between two flowing bodies flowing in opposite directions to each other.

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Coyote

The coyote (Canis latrans), also known as the American jackal, prairie wolf, or brush wolf is a species of canine native to North America.

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Creatinine

Creatinine (from Ancient Greek: κρέας (kréas) 'flesh') is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate from muscle and protein metabolism.

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Critically Endangered

An IUCN Red List Critically Endangered (CR or sometimes CE) species is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

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Crop (anatomy)

The crop (also the croup, the craw, the ingluvies, and the sublingual pouch) is a thin-walled, expanded portion of the alimentary tract, which is used for the storage of food before digestion.

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Culture of South Africa

South Africa is known for its ethnic and cultural diversity.

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Cunene River

The Cunene (Portuguese spelling) or Kunene (common Namibian spelling) is a river in Southern Africa.

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Dactyly

In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal.

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Dahlak Archipelago

The Dahlak Archipelago is an Eritrean island group located in the Red Sea, measuring around 643 square km (248 square miles) and lying roughly 58 kilometers (31 nautical miles, 36 miles) east of Massawa, the regional capital city.

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Dehydration

In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Zaire, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.

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Diepkloof Rock Shelter

Diepkloof Rock Shelter is a rock shelter in Western Cape, South Africa in which has been found some of the earliest evidence of the human use of symbols, in the form of patterns engraved upon ostrich eggshell water containers.

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Dinosaur size

Size is an important aspect of dinosaur paleontology, of interest to both the general public and professional scientists.

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Dipsogen

A dipsogen is an agent that causes thirst.

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Disembowelment

Disembowelment, disemboweling, evisceration, eviscerating or gutting is the removal of organs from the gastrointestinal tract (bowels or viscera), usually through an incision made across the abdominal area.

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Dissipation

In thermodynamics, dissipation is the result of an irreversible process that affects a thermodynamic system.

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Diurnality

Diurnality is a form of plant and animal behavior characterized by activity during daytime, with a period of sleeping or other inactivity at night.

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Djibouti

Djibouti, officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the east.

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Dotdash Meredith

Dotdash Meredith (formerly The Mining Company, About.com and Dotdash) is an American digital media company based in New York City.

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Down feather

The down of birds is a layer of fine feathers found under the tougher exterior feathers.

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East African cheetah

The East African cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus), is a cheetah population in East Africa.

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East African Rift

The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa.

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Eastern Christianity

Eastern Christianity comprises Christian traditions and church families that originally developed during classical and late antiquity in the Eastern Mediterranean region or locations further east, south or north.

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Egg

An egg is an organic vessel grown by an animal to carry a possibly fertilized egg cell (a zygote) and to incubate from it an embryo within the egg until the embryo has become an animal fetus that can survive on its own, at which point the animal hatches.

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Egg incubation

Egg incubation is the process by which an egg, of oviparous (egg-laying) animals, develops an embryo within the egg, after the egg's formation and ovipositional release.

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Egypt

Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia.

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Egyptian vulture

The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken, is a small Old World vulture in the monotypic genus Neophron. Common ostrich and Egyptian vulture are birds described in 1758 and birds of Africa.

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Electrolyte

An electrolyte is a medium containing ions that are electrically conductive through the movement of those ions, but not conducting electrons.

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Elephant bird

Elephant birds are extinct flightless birds belonging to the order Aepyornithiformes that were native to the island of Madagascar.

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Ellis Park Race Course

Ellis Park is a thoroughbred racetrack near Henderson, Kentucky, just south of Evansville, Indiana.

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Embryo

An embryo is the initial stage of development for a multicellular organism.

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Emu

The emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) is a species of flightless bird endemic to Australia, where it is the tallest native bird. Common ostrich and emu are Domesticated birds, extant Miocene first appearances and flightless birds.

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Endocardium

The endocardium (endocardia) is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart.

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Endotherm

An endotherm (from Greek ἔνδον endon "within" and θέρμη thermē "heat") is an organism that maintains its body at a metabolically favorable temperature, largely by the use of heat released by its internal bodily functions instead of relying almost purely on ambient heat.

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Enzyme kinetics

Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rates of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions.

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Epithelium

Epithelium or epithelial tissue is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with little extracellular matrix.

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Eritrea

Eritrea (or; Ertra), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara.

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Esophagus

The esophagus (American English) or oesophagus (British English, see spelling differences; both;: (o)esophagi or (o)esophaguses), colloquially known also as the food pipe, food tube, or gullet, is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.

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Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa.

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Euphorbia heterochroma

Euphorbia heterochroma is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae.

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Evansville Courier & Press

The Evansville Courier & Press is a daily newspaper based in Evansville, Indiana.

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Excretion

Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.

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In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism.

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Fair Grounds Race Course

Fair Grounds Race Course, often known as New Orleans Fair Grounds, is a thoroughbred racetrack and racino in New Orleans, Louisiana.

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Feather duster

A feather duster is a cleaning tool that is typically made from a wooden dowel handle onto which feathers are wound with a wire. Common ostrich and feather duster are ostriches.

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Feces

Feces (or faeces;: faex) are the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine.

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Fermentation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substances through the action of enzymes.

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Fick principle

The Fick principle states that blood flow to an organ can be calculated using a marker substance if the following information is known.

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Flightless bird

Flightless birds have, through evolution, lost the ability to fly. Common ostrich and Flightless bird are flightless birds.

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Fowl

Fowl are birds belonging to one of two biological orders, namely the gamefowl or landfowl (Galliformes) and the waterfowl (Anseriformes).

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Frank G. Carpenter

Frank George Carpenter (May 8, 1855 in Mansfield, Ohio – June 18, 1924 in Nanking) was a journalist, traveler, travel writer, photographer, and lecturer.

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Gallbladder

In vertebrates, the gallbladder, also known as the cholecyst, is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine.

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Gas exchange

Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface.

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Gastrolith

A gastrolith, also called a stomach stone or gizzard stone, is a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract.

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Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

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Ghana

Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa.

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Gizzard

The gizzard, also referred to as the ventriculus, gastric mill, and gigerium, is an organ found in the digestive tract of some animals, including archosaurs (birds and other dinosaurs, crocodiles, alligators, pterosaurs), earthworms, some gastropods, some fish, and some crustaceans.

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Goose bumps

Goose bumps, goosebumps or goose-pimples (also called chill bumps) are the bumps on a person's skin at the base of body hairs which may involuntarily develop when a person is tickled, cold or experiencing strong emotions such as fear, euphoria or sexual arousal.

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Grazing

In agriculture, grazing is a method of animal husbandry whereby domestic livestock are allowed outdoors to free range (roam around) and consume wild vegetations in order to convert the otherwise indigestible (by human gut) cellulose within grass and other forages into meat, milk, wool and other animal products, often on land that is unsuitable for arable farming. Common ostrich and grazing are livestock.

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Gular skin

Gular skin (throat skin), in ornithology, is an area of featherless skin on birds that joins the lower mandible of the beak (or bill) to the bird's neck.

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Haaretz

Haaretz (originally Ḥadshot Haaretz –) is an Israeli newspaper.

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Hagen–Poiseuille equation

In nonideal fluid dynamics, the Hagen–Poiseuille equation, also known as the Hagen–Poiseuille law, Poiseuille law or Poiseuille equation, is a physical law that gives the pressure drop in an incompressible and Newtonian fluid in laminar flow flowing through a long cylindrical pipe of constant cross section.

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Haplotype

A haplotype (haploid genotype) is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent.

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Heart

The heart is a muscular organ found in most animals.

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Heart valve

A heart valve is a biological one-way valve that allows blood to flow in one direction through the chambers of the heart.

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Heat exchanger

A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid.

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Heat transfer

Heat transfer is a discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the generation, use, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy (heat) between physical systems.

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Hematocrit

The hematocrit (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, measured as part of a blood test.

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Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin (haemoglobin, Hb or Hgb) is a protein containing iron that facilitates the transport of oxygen in red blood cells.

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Hemoglobin E

Hemoglobin E (HbE) is an abnormal hemoglobin with a single point mutation in the β chain.

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Henry's law

In physical chemistry, Henry's law is a gas law that states that the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid is directly proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid.

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Heterothermy

Heterothermy or heterothermia (from Greek ἕτερος heteros "other" and θέρμη thermē "heat") is a physiological term for animals that vary between self-regulating their body temperature, and allowing the surrounding environment to affect it.

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History of Florida

The history of Florida can be traced to when the first Paleo-Indians began to inhabit the peninsula as early as 14,000 years ago.

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Holocene

The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.

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Homeostasis

In biology, homeostasis (British also homoeostasis) is the state of steady internal physical and chemical conditions maintained by living systems.

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Homeothermy

Homeothermy, homothermy or homoiothermy is thermoregulation that maintains a stable internal body temperature regardless of external influence.

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Hoof

The hoof (hooves) is the tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, which is covered and strengthened with a thick and horny keratin covering.

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Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World

The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World is a book by Richard Howard and Alick Moore which presents a list of the bird species of the world.

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Howiesons Poort

Howiesons Poort (also called HP) is a technological and cultural period characterized by material evidence with shared design features found in South Africa, Lesotho, and Namibia.

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Hunter-gatherer

A hunter-gatherer or forager is a human living in a community, or according to an ancestrally derived lifestyle, in which most or all food is obtained by foraging, that is, by gathering food from local naturally occurring sources, especially wild edible plants but also insects, fungi, honey, bird eggs, or anything safe to eat, and/or by hunting game (pursuing and/or trapping and killing wild animals, including catching fish).

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Hyperpnea

Hyperpnea, or hyperpnoea (forced respiration), is increased volume of air taken during breathing.

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Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia, also known simply as overheating, is a condition in which an individual's body temperature is elevated beyond normal due to failed thermoregulation.

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Hypothalamus

The hypothalamus (hypothalami) is a small part of the vertebrate brain that contains a number of nuclei with a variety of functions.

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Hypovolemia

Hypovolemia, also known as volume depletion or volume contraction, is a state of abnormally low extracellular fluid in the body.

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Incubation period

Incubation period (also known as the latent period or latency period) is the time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent.

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Indio, California

Indio (Spanish for "Indian") is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, in the Coachella Valley of Southern California's Colorado Desert region.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Interventricular septum

The interventricular septum (IVS, or ventricular septum, or during development septum inferius) is the stout wall separating the ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart, from one another.

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Invertebrate

Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.

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Iowa

Iowa is a doubly landlocked state in the upper Midwestern region of the United States.

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Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.

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Jacksonville, Florida

Jacksonville is the most populous city proper in the U.S. state of Florida, located on the Atlantic coast of northeastern Florida.

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John Henry Gurney Sr.

John Henry Gurney (4 July 1819 – 20 April 1890) was an English banker, amateur ornithologist, and Liberal Party politician of the Gurney family.

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Kalahari Desert

The Kalahari Desert is a large semi-arid sandy savanna in Southern Africa extending for, covering much of Botswana, as well as parts of Namibia and South Africa.

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Karoo

The Karoo (from the Afrikaans borrowing of the South Khoekhoe !Orakobab or Khoemana word ǃ’Aukarob "Hardveld") is a semi-desert natural region of South Africa.

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Keel (bird anatomy)

A keel or carina (carinae) in bird anatomy is an extension of the sternum (breastbone) which runs axially along the midline of the sternum and extends outward, perpendicular to the plane of the ribs.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya (Jamhuri ya Kenya), is a country in East Africa.

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Kidney

In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.

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Kingdom of Kush

The Kingdom of Kush (Egyptian: 𓎡𓄿𓈙𓈉 kꜣš, Assyrian: Kûsi, in LXX Χους or Αἰθιοπία; ⲉϭⲱϣ Ecōš; כּוּשׁ Kūš), also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt.

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Kiwi (bird)

Kiwi are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand of the order Apterygiformes. Common ostrich and Kiwi (bird) are extant Miocene first appearances, flightless birds and ratites.

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Kleiber's law

Kleiber's law, named after Max Kleiber for his biology work in the early 1930s, is the observation that, for the vast majority of animals, an animal's metabolic rate scales to the power of the animal's mass.

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Laminar flow

Laminar flow is the property of fluid particles in fluid dynamics to follow smooth paths in layers, with each layer moving smoothly past the adjacent layers with little or no mixing.

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Large intestine

The large intestine, also known as the large bowel, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in tetrapods.

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Largest organisms

This article lists the largest organisms for various types of life and mostly considers extant species, which found on Earth can be determined according to various aspects of an organism's size, such as: mass, volume, area, length, height, or even genome size.

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Larynx

The larynx, commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

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Late Latin

Late Latin is the scholarly name for the form of Literary Latin of late antiquity.

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Least-concern species

A least-concern species is a species that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as evaluated as not being a focus of wildlife conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wild.

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Leopard

The leopard (Panthera pardus) is one of the five extant species in the genus Panthera.

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Libya

Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

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Lion

The lion (Panthera leo) is a large cat of the genus Panthera, native to Africa and India.

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List of common misconceptions

Each entry on this list of common misconceptions is worded as a correction; the misconceptions themselves are implied rather than stated.

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Live Science

Live Science is a science news website.

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Locust

Locusts (derived from the Latin locusta, locust or lobster) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase.

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Lung

The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system in humans and some other animals, including tetrapods, some snails and a small number of fish.

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Lung volumes

Lung volumes and lung capacities refer to the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle.

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Lupulella

Lupulella is a genus of canine found in Africa.

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Lysosome

A lysosome is a single membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells.

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Madagascar

Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar and the Fourth Republic of Madagascar, is an island country comprising the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands.

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Mali

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa.

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Masai ostrich

The Masai ostrich (Struthio camelus massaicus), also known as the East African ostrich is a red-necked subspecies variety of the common ostrich and is endemic to East Africa. Common ostrich and Masai ostrich are ostriches and Struthio.

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Mating call

A mating call is the auditory signal used by animals to attract mates.

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Mauritania

Mauritania, officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a sovereign country in Northwest Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Western Sahara to the north and northwest, Algeria to the northeast, Mali to the east and southeast, and Senegal to the southwest. By land area Mauritania is the 11th-largest country in Africa and 28th-largest in the world; 90% of its territory is in the Sahara.

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Mechanix Illustrated

Mechanix Illustrated is an American printed magazine that was originally published by Fawcett Publications.

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Mesentery

In human anatomy, the mesentery, an organ that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall, comprises the double fold of the peritoneum.

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Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.

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Metabolic wastes or excrements are substances left over from metabolic processes (such as cellular respiration) which cannot be used by the organism (they are surplus or toxic), and must therefore be excreted.

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Metabolic water refers to water created inside a living organism through metabolism, by oxidizing energy-containing substances in food and adipose tissue.

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Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.

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Middle Stone Age

The Middle Stone Age (or MSA) was a period of African prehistory between the Early Stone Age and the Late Stone Age.

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Million years ago

Million years ago, abbreviated as Mya, Myr (megayear) or Ma (megaannum), is a unit of time equal to (i.e. years), or approximately 31.6 teraseconds.

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Minnesota

Minnesota is a state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States.

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Miocene

The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).

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Miombo

Miombo woodland is a tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome (in the World Wide Fund for Nature scheme) located in central and southern tropical Africa.

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Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

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Moa

Moa (order Dinornithiformes) are an extinct group of flightless birds formerly endemic to New Zealand. Common ostrich and Moa are ratites.

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Moderator band

The moderator band (also known as septomarginal trabecula) is a band of cardiac muscle found in the right ventricle of the heart.

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Molality

In chemistry, molality is a measure of the amount of solute in a solution relative to a given mass of solvent.

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Mongoose

A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae.

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Morocco

Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.

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Mouth

The mouth is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize.

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Mucous membrane

A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs.

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Myofibril

A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) is a basic rod-like organelle of a muscle cell.

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Myogenic mechanism

The myogenic mechanism is how arteries and arterioles react to an increase or decrease of blood pressure to keep the blood flow constant within the blood vessel.

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Nail (anatomy)

A nail is a protective plate characteristically found at the tip of the digits (fingers and toes) of all primates, corresponding to the claws in other tetrapod animals.

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Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa.

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National Geographic Society

The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational organizations in the world.

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National Wildlife

National Wildlife is an American magazine published quarterly by the National Wildlife Federation (NWF), a nonprofit conservation group.

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National Wildlife Federation

The National Wildlife Federation (NWF) is the United States' largest private, nonprofit conservation education and advocacy organization, with over six million members and supporters, and 51 state and territorial affiliated organizations (including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands).

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Negev

The Negev (hanNégev) or Negeb (an-Naqab) is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel.

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Nephron

The nephron is the minute or microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney.

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Nevada

Nevada is a landlocked state in the Western region of the United States.

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New Orleans

New Orleans (commonly known as NOLA or the Big Easy among other nicknames) is a consolidated city-parish located along the Mississippi River in the southeastern region of the U.S. state of Louisiana.

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Niger

Niger or the Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a country in West Africa.

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Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa.

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Nomad

Nomads are communities without fixed habitation who regularly move to and from areas.

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North African ostrich

The North African ostrich, red-necked ostrich, or Barbary ostrich (Struthio camelus camelus) is the nominate subspecies of the common ostrich from West and North Africa. Common ostrich and North African ostrich are birds described in 1758, birds of Sub-Saharan Africa, ostriches and Struthio.

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OC Weekly

OC Weekly was a free alternative weekly paper distributed in Orange County and Long Beach, California.

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Ophthalmic artery

The ophthalmic artery (OA) is an artery of the head.

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Order (biology)

Order (ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.

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Origin of birds

The scientific question of within which larger group of animals birds evolved has traditionally been called the "origin of birds".

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Ornithology (journal)

Ornithology, formerly The Auk and The Auk: Ornithological Advances, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal and the official publication of the American Ornithological Society (AOS).

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Oscar Neumann

Oscar Rudolph Neumann (3 September 1867 in Berlin – 17 May 1946 in Chicago) was a German ornithologist and naturalist who explored and collected specimens in Africa.

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Osmotic concentration

Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L).

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Ostrich

Ostriches are large flightless birds. Common ostrich and Ostrich are extant Miocene first appearances, flightless birds, ratites and Struthio.

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Ostrich egg

The egg of the ostrich (genus Struthio) is the largest of any living bird (being exceeded in size by those of the extinct elephant bird genus Aepyornis). Common ostrich and ostrich egg are ostriches.

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Ostrich leather

Bag «Classic» Braun. Ostrich leather is the result of tanning skins taken from African ostriches farmed for their feathers, skin and meat. Common ostrich and ostrich leather are ostriches.

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Ostrich stew

Ostrich stew is a stew prepared using ostrich meat as a primary ingredient. Common ostrich and ostrich stew are ostriches.

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Oudtshoorn

Oudtshoorn is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa, located between the Swartberg mountains to the north and the Outeniqua Mountains to the south.

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Outback

The Outback is a remote, vast, sparsely populated area of Australia.

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Oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve

2-Hb dissociation curve is a sigmoidal curve that represents the relationship between O2 concentration and the percentage saturation of Hb.

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P50 (pressure)

In biochemistry, p50 represents the partial pressure of a gas required to achieve 50% saturation of a particular protein's binding sites.

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Palaeognathae

Palaeognathae is an infraclass of birds, called paleognaths or palaeognaths, within the class Aves of the clade Archosauria.

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Palate

The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals.

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Passerine

A passerine is any bird of the order Passeriformes (from Latin passer 'sparrow' and formis '-shaped') which includes more than half of all bird species.

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Perfusion

Perfusion is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue.

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Pericardium

The pericardium (pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels.

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Peritoneum

The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids.

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Phagocyte

Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.

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Phylogenetics

In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.

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Plasma osmolality

Plasma osmolality measures the body's electrolyte–water balance.

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Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.

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Polyphosphate

A polyphosphate is a salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms.

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Potassium

Potassium is a chemical element; it has symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number19.

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Prairie Meadows

Prairie Meadows is a Racino located in Altoona, Iowa, United States, it runs both Thoroughbreds and Quarter Horses at its meet from May to September.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (often abbreviated PNAS or PNAS USA) is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal.

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Pubis (bone)

In vertebrates, the pubis or pubic bone (os pubis) forms the lower and anterior part of each side of the hip bone.

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Pulmonary circulation

The pulmonary circulation is a division of the circulatory system in all vertebrates.

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Pulmonary vein

The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

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Purkinje fibers

The Purkinje fibers, named for Jan Evangelista Purkyně, (Purkinje tissue or subendocardial branches) are located in the inner ventricular walls of the heart, just beneath the endocardium in a space called the subendocardium.

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Racing

In sports, racing is a competition of speed, in which competitors try to complete a given task in the shortest amount of time.

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Ratite

A ratite is any of a group of mostly flightless birds within the infraclass Palaeognathae. Common ostrich and ratite are flightless birds and ratites.

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Río de Oro

Río de Oro (Spanish for "River of Gold";, Wādī-aḏ-Ḏāhab, often transliterated as Oued Edhahab) was, with Saguia el-Hamra, one of the two territories that formed the Spanish province of Spanish Sahara after 1969; it had been taken as a Spanish colonial possession in the late 19th century.

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Rectum

The rectum (rectums or recta) is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the gut in others.

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Red blood cell

Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.

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Red meat

In gastronomy, red meat is commonly red when raw (and a dark color after it is cooked), in contrast to white meat, which is pale in color before (and after) cooking.

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Red Sea

The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.

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Redox

Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.

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Respiration (physiology)

In physiology, respiration is the movement of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the surrounding environment.

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Respiration rate

The respiration rate is a parameter which is used in ecological and agronomical modeling.

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Respiratory alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45) with a concurrent reduction in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.

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Rhea (bird)

Rheas, also known as ñandus or South American ostrich, are moderately sized South American ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) of the order Rheiformes. Common ostrich and Rhea (bird) are Domesticated birds, flightless birds and ratites.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.

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Room temperature

Room temperature, colloquially, denotes the range of air temperatures most people find comfortable indoors while dressed in typical clothing.

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Rwanda

Rwanda, officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Sahara

The Sahara is a desert spanning across North Africa.

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Sahel

The Sahel region or Sahelian acacia savanna is a biogeographical region in Africa.

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Salt gland

The salt gland is an organ for excreting excess salts.

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Savanna

A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) biome and ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close.

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Seasonal breeder

Seasonal breeders are animal species that successfully mate only during certain times of the year.

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Secretion

Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland.

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Semelparity and iteroparity

Semelparity and iteroparity are two contrasting reproductive strategies available to living organisms.

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Senegal

Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. Senegal is bordered by Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea to the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to the southwest. Senegal nearly surrounds The Gambia, a country occupying a narrow sliver of land along the banks of the Gambia River, which separates Senegal's southern region of Casamance from the rest of the country.

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Septum

In biology, a septum (Latin for something that encloses;: septa) is a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones.

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Sexual maturity

Sexual maturity is the capability of an organism to reproduce.

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Shivering

Shivering (also called shuddering) is a bodily function in response to cold and extreme fear in warm-blooded animals.

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Short-chain fatty acid

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fatty acids of two to six carbon atoms.

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Shunt (medical)

In medicine, a shunt is a hole or a small passage that moves, or allows movement of, fluid from one part of the body to another.

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Sinoatrial node

The sinoatrial node (also known as the sinuatrial node, SA node or sinus node) is an oval shaped region of special cardiac muscle in the upper back wall of the right atrium made up of cells known as pacemaker cells.

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Sodium

Sodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Na (from Neo-Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.

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Solar irradiance

Solar irradiance is the power per unit area (surface power density) received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument.

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Solution (chemistry)

In chemistry, a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

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Somali ostrich

The Somali ostrich (Struthio molybdophanes), also known as the blue-necked ostrich, is a large flightless bird native to the Horn of Africa. Common ostrich and Somali ostrich are flightless birds, ostriches, ratites and Struthio.

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Somalia

Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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South African ostrich

The South African ostrich (Struthio camelus australis), also known as the black-necked ostrich, Cape ostrich or southern ostrich is a subspecies of the common ostrich endemic to Southern Africa. Common ostrich and south African ostrich are ostriches and Struthio.

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South Sudan

South Sudan, officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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Species

A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.

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Sphenoid bone

The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium.

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Spotted hyena

The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), also known as the laughing hyena, is a hyena species, currently classed as the sole extant member of the genus Crocuta, native to sub-Saharan Africa.

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Starfish

Starfish or sea stars are star-shaped echinoderms belonging to the class Asteroidea.

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Sternum

The sternum (sternums or sterna) or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest.

See Common ostrich and Sternum

Struthioniformes

Struthioniformes is an order of birds with only a single extant family, Struthionidae, containing the ostriches. Common ostrich and Struthioniformes are flightless birds and ratites.

See Common ostrich and Struthioniformes

Subspecies

In biological classification, subspecies (subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed.

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Sudan

Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa.

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Surface-area-to-volume ratio

The surface-area-to-volume ratio or surface-to-volume ratio (denoted as SA:V, SA/V, or sa/vol) is the ratio between surface area and volume of an object or collection of objects.

See Common ostrich and Surface-area-to-volume ratio

Sweat gland

Sweat glands, also known as sudoriferous or sudoriparous glands,, are small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat.

See Common ostrich and Sweat gland

Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.

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Syrinx (bird anatomy)

The syrinx (from the Greek word "σύριγξ" for ''pan pipes'') is the vocal organ of birds.

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Systema Naturae

(originally in Latin written with the ligature æ) is one of the major works of the Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) and introduced the Linnaean taxonomy.

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Tallest extant birds

This is a list of the tallest extant birds according to maximum height.

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Tame animal

A tame animal is an animal that is relatively tolerant of human presence.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, (formerly Swahililand) is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Tarsus (skeleton)

In the human body, the tarsus (tarsi) is a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of the tibia and the fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus.

See Common ostrich and Tarsus (skeleton)

Temperature gradient

A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular location.

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Territory (animal)

In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal consistently defends against conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against animals of other species) using agonistic behaviors or (less commonly) real physical aggression.

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Tetramer

A tetramer (tetra-, "four" + -mer, "parts") is an oligomer formed from four monomers or subunits.

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The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World

The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world.

See Common ostrich and The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World

Thermal conduction

Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object.

See Common ostrich and Thermal conduction

Thermal neutral zone

Endothermic organisms known as homeotherms maintain internal temperatures with minimal metabolic regulation within a range of ambient temperatures called the thermal neutral zone (TNZ).

See Common ostrich and Thermal neutral zone

Thermodynamic equilibrium

Thermodynamic equilibrium is an axiomatic concept of thermodynamics.

See Common ostrich and Thermodynamic equilibrium

Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different.

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Thoracic diaphragm

The thoracic diaphragm, or simply the diaphragm (partition), is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle in humans and other mammals that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity.

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Thorax

The thorax (thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

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Tidal volume

Tidal volume (symbol VT or TV) is the volume of air inspired and expired with each passive breath.

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Tinamou

Tinamous are members of the order Tinamiformes, and family Tinamidae, divided into two distinct subfamilies, containing 46 species found in Mexico, Central America, and South America.

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Togo

Togo, officially the Togolese Republic, is a country in West Africa.

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Tonicity

In chemical biology, tonicity is a measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient; the water potential of two solutions separated by a partially-permeable cell membrane.

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Tourist attraction

A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or an exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.

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Trachea

The trachea (tracheae or tracheas), also known as the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all animals with lungs.

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Tree of Life Web Project

The Tree of Life Web Project is an Internet project providing information about the diversity and phylogeny of life on Earth.

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Tunisia

Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is the northernmost country in Africa.

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Turbulence

In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.

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Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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Ureter

The ureters are tubes composed of smooth muscle that transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

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Uric acid

Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3.

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Urine

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.

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Urine flow rate

Urine flow rate or urinary flow rate is the volumetric flow rate of urine during urination.

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Urine osmolality

Urine osmolality is a measure of urine concentration, in which large values indicate concentrated urine and small values indicate diluted urine.

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Vasoconstriction

Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles.

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Vasodilation

Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels.

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Vasopressin

Human vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin, is a hormone synthesized from the AVP gene as a peptide prohormone in neurons in the hypothalamus, and is converted to AVP.

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Venatio

Venatio (venatio, "hunting", plural venationes) was a type of entertainment in Roman amphitheaters involving the hunting and killing of wild animals.

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Ventricle (heart)

A ventricle is one of two large chambers located toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs.

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Virginia City, Nevada

Virginia City is a census-designated place (CDP) that is the county seat of Storey County, Nevada, and the largest community in the county.

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Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild

Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild, (8 February 1868 – 27 August 1937) was a British banker, politician, zoologist and soldier, who was a member of the Rothschild family.

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Warm-blooded

Warm-blooded is an informal term referring to animal species whose bodies maintain a temperature higher than that of their environment.

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Warthog

Phacochoerus is a genus in the family Suidae, commonly known as warthogs (pronounced wart-hog).

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Wildebeest

Wildebeest, also called gnu, are antelopes of the genus Connochaetes and native to Eastern and Southern Africa.

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Wing chord (biology)

Wing chord is an anatomical measurement of a bird's wing.

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World Digital Library

The World Digital Library (WDL) is an international digital library operated by UNESCO and the United States Library of Congress.

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World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

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Xerocole

A xerocole, is a general term referring to any animal that is adapted to live in a desert.

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Zambezi

The Zambezi (also spelled Zambeze and Zambesi) is the fourth-longest river in Africa, the longest east-flowing river in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa. Its drainage basin covers, slightly less than half of the Nile's. The river rises in Zambia and flows through eastern Angola, along the north-eastern border of Namibia and the northern border of Botswana, then along the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe to Mozambique, where it crosses the country to empty into the Indian Ocean.

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Zambia

Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa.

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Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, relief map Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east.

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10th edition of Systema Naturae

The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature.

See Common ostrich and 10th edition of Systema Naturae

See also

Domesticated birds

• Australian zebra finch
• Barbary dove
• Cockatiel
• Common ostrich
• Darwin's rhea
• Domestic Muscovy duck
• Domestic canary
• Domestic duck
• Domestic goose
• Domestic guineafowl
• Domestic pigeon
• Domestic pigeons
• Domestic turkey
• Domesticated quail
• Empathy in chickens
• Emu
• Feral chicken
• Feral pigeon
• Gouldian finch
• Greater rhea
• Japanese quail
• Lutino cockatiel
• Muscovy duck
• Pied cockatiel
• Poultry
• Rhea (bird)
• Rock dove
• Society finch
• Star finch
• White-faced cockatiel

Ostriches

• Arabian ostrich
• Asian ostrich
• Common ostrich
• Donald's Ostrich
• Feather duster
• Jungle Jingles
• Masai ostrich
• North African ostrich
• Ossie Ostrich
• Ostrich Egg Globe
• Ostrich egg
• Ostrich farming
• Ostrich leather
• Ostrich stew
• Prince of Wales's feathers
• Somali ostrich
• South African ostrich
• Struthio anderssoni

Struthio

• Arabian ostrich
• Asian ostrich
• Common ostrich
• Masai ostrich
• North African ostrich
• Ostrich
• Ostriches
• Somali ostrich
• South African ostrich
• Struthio coppensi
• Struthio kakesiensis
• Struthio orlovi
• Struthio wimani

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_ostrich

Also known as Ostrich "Head in the sand" myth, Ostrich Racing, Ostrich farm, Ostrich farmer, Ostrich farming, Ostrich farms, Ostrich kicks, Ostrich meat, Ostrich race, Struthio camelus.

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