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Pale of Settlement, the Glossary

The Pale of Settlement was a western region of the Russian Empire with varying borders that existed from 1791 to 1917 (de facto until 1915) in which permanent residency by Jews was allowed and beyond which Jewish residency, permanent or temporary, was mostly forbidden.^[1]

141 relations: Alexander II of Russia, Alexander III of Russia, Antisemitism in the Russian Empire, Antisemitism in Ukraine, Artisan, Assassination of Alexander II of Russia, Astrakhan Oblast, Austria-Hungary, Austrian Empire, Łomża Governorate, Belarus, Bessarabia, Bessarabia Governorate, Black Sea, Catherine the Great, Catholic Church, Chaim of Volozhin, Chernihiv Governorate, Chernobyl (Hasidic dynasty), Congress Poland, Cossack Hetmanate, Crimea, Crimean Karaites, Crimean Khanate, Dowry, Dublin, Eastern Catholic Churches, Eastern European Jewry, Encyclopaedia Judaica, February Revolution, Fiddler on the Roof, Fiddler on the Roof (film), First Partition of Poland, German Empire, Governorate (Russia), Grodno Governorate, History of the Jews in Belarus, History of the Jews in Lithuania, History of the Jews in Poland, History of the Jews in Russia, History of the Jews in the United States, History of the Jews in Ukraine, History of the Russo-Turkish wars, Imperial Russian Army, Ireland, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Jewish culture, Jewish holidays, Jewish quota, ... Expand index (91 more) »
Antisemitism in Russia
Antisemitism in Ukraine
Congress Poland
Disabilities (Jewish) in Europe
Historic Jewish communities in Europe
History of Belarus (1795–1918)
History of Bessarabia
History of Lithuania (1795–1918)
History of Ukraine (1795–1918)
Jewish Belarusian history
Jewish Lithuanian history
Jews and Judaism in the Russian Empire
Settlement schemes
Shtetls
Society of the Russian Empire
States and territories disestablished in 1915
States and territories established in 1791

Alexander II of Russia

Alexander II (p; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881.

See Pale of Settlement and Alexander II of Russia

Alexander III of Russia

Alexander III (r; 10 March 18451 November 1894) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894.

See Pale of Settlement and Alexander III of Russia

Antisemitism in the Russian Empire

Antisemitism in the Russian Empire included numerous pogroms and the designation of the Pale of Settlement from which Jews were forbidden to migrate into the interior of Russia, unless they converted to the Russian Orthodox state religion. Pale of Settlement and Antisemitism in the Russian Empire are Antisemitism in Russia and Jews and Judaism in the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Antisemitism in the Russian Empire

Antisemitism in Ukraine

Antisemitism in Ukraine has been a historical issue in the country, particularly in the twentieth century. Pale of Settlement and Antisemitism in Ukraine are Jewish Ukrainian history.

See Pale of Settlement and Antisemitism in Ukraine

Artisan

An artisan (from artisan, artigiano) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand.

See Pale of Settlement and Artisan

Assassination of Alexander II of Russia

On, Alexander II, the Emperor of Russia, was assassinated in Saint Petersburg, Russia while returning to the Winter Palace from Mikhailovsky Manège in a closed carriage.

See Pale of Settlement and Assassination of Alexander II of Russia

Astrakhan Oblast

Astrakhan Oblast (Astrakhanskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia.

See Pale of Settlement and Astrakhan Oblast

Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

See Pale of Settlement and Austria-Hungary

Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

See Pale of Settlement and Austrian Empire

Łomża Governorate

Łomża Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Łomża.

See Pale of Settlement and Łomża Governorate

Belarus

Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Belarus

Bessarabia

Bessarabia is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west.

See Pale of Settlement and Bessarabia

Bessarabia Governorate

The Bessarabia Governorate was a province (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its administrative centre in Kishinev (Chișinău). Pale of Settlement and Bessarabia Governorate are history of Bessarabia.

See Pale of Settlement and Bessarabia Governorate

Black Sea

The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.

See Pale of Settlement and Black Sea

Catherine the Great

Catherine II (born Princess Sophie Augusta Frederica von Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796.

See Pale of Settlement and Catherine the Great

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

See Pale of Settlement and Catholic Church

Chaim of Volozhin

Chaim of Volozhin (also known as Chaim ben Yitzchok of Volozhin or Chaim Ickovits; 21 January 1749 – 14 June 1821)Jewish Encyclopedia Bibliography: Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, pp. 347–349; idem, Kiryah Ne'emanah, pp. 156–158; Lewin, Aliyyot Eliyahu (ed. Stettin), p. 70; Schechter, Studies in Judaism, p.

See Pale of Settlement and Chaim of Volozhin

Chernihiv Governorate

Chernihiv Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit of the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR, existing from 1918 to 1925.

See Pale of Settlement and Chernihiv Governorate

Chernobyl (Hasidic dynasty)

Chernobyl (טשערנאָביל) is a Hasidic dynasty that was founded by Grand Rabbi Menachem Nachum Twersky, known by the name of his work as the Meor Einayim. Pale of Settlement and Chernobyl (Hasidic dynasty) are Jewish Ukrainian history.

See Pale of Settlement and Chernobyl (Hasidic dynasty)

Congress Poland

Congress Poland or Congress Kingdom of Poland, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland, was a polity created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a semi-autonomous Polish state, a successor to Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. Pale of Settlement and Congress Poland are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Congress Poland

Cossack Hetmanate

The Cossack Hetmanate (Hetmanshchyna; see other names), officially the Zaporozhian Host (Viisko Zaporozke; Exercitus Zaporoviensis), is a historical term for the 17th–18th centuries Ukrainian Cossack state located in central Ukraine.

See Pale of Settlement and Cossack Hetmanate

Crimea

Crimea is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov.

See Pale of Settlement and Crimea

Crimean Karaites

The Crimean Karaites or Krymkaraylar (Crimean Karaim: Кърымкъарайлар, Qrımqaraylar, singular къарай, qaray; Trakai dialect: karajlar, singular karaj; קראי מזרח אירופה; Qaraylar), also known as Karaims and Qarays, are an ethnicity of Turkic-speaking adherents of Karaite Judaism in Central and Eastern Europe, especially in the territory of the old Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Crimea.

See Pale of Settlement and Crimean Karaites

Crimean Khanate

The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441–1783, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde.

See Pale of Settlement and Crimean Khanate

Dowry

A dowry is a payment, such as property or money, paid by the bride’s family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage.

See Pale of Settlement and Dowry

Dublin

Dublin is the capital of the Republic of Ireland and also the largest city by size on the island of Ireland.

See Pale of Settlement and Dublin

Eastern Catholic Churches

The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also called the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Eastern Rite Catholicism, or simply the Eastern Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian autonomous (sui iuris) particular churches of the Catholic Church, in full communion with the Pope in Rome.

See Pale of Settlement and Eastern Catholic Churches

Eastern European Jewry

The expression Eastern European Jewry has two meanings.

See Pale of Settlement and Eastern European Jewry

Encyclopaedia Judaica

The Encyclopaedia Judaica is a multi-volume English-language encyclopedia of the Jewish people, Judaism, and Israel.

See Pale of Settlement and Encyclopaedia Judaica

February Revolution

The February Revolution (Февральская революция), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917.

See Pale of Settlement and February Revolution

Fiddler on the Roof

Fiddler on the Roof is a musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in the Pale of Settlement of Imperial Russia in or around 1905.

See Pale of Settlement and Fiddler on the Roof

Fiddler on the Roof (film)

Fiddler on the Roof is a 1971 American period musical film produced and directed by Norman Jewison from a screenplay written by Joseph Stein, based on the 1964 stage musical of the same name by Stein, Jerry Bock, and Sheldon Harnick.

See Pale of Settlement and Fiddler on the Roof (film)

First Partition of Poland

The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795.

See Pale of Settlement and First Partition of Poland

German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

See Pale of Settlement and German Empire

Governorate (Russia)

A governorate (guberniya, pre-1918 spelling: губе́рнія) was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Governorate (Russia)

Grodno Governorate

Grodno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Grodno.

See Pale of Settlement and Grodno Governorate

History of the Jews in Belarus

The history of the Jews in Belarus begins as early as the 8th century. Pale of Settlement and history of the Jews in Belarus are Jewish Belarusian history.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in Belarus

History of the Jews in Lithuania

The history of the Jews in Lithuania spans the period from the 14th century to the present day. Pale of Settlement and history of the Jews in Lithuania are Jewish Lithuanian history.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in Lithuania

History of the Jews in Poland

The history of the Jews in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. Pale of Settlement and history of the Jews in Poland are Jewish Polish history.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in Poland

History of the Jews in Russia

The history of the Jews in Russia and areas historically connected with it goes back at least 1,500 years.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in Russia

History of the Jews in the United States

There have been Jewish communities in the United States since colonial times, with individuals living in various cities before the American Revolution.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in the United States

History of the Jews in Ukraine

The history of the Jews in Ukraine dates back over a thousand years; Jewish communities have existed in the modern territory of Ukraine from the time of the Kievan Rus' (late 9th to mid-13th century). Pale of Settlement and history of the Jews in Ukraine are Jewish Ukrainian history.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Jews in Ukraine

History of the Russo-Turkish wars

Russo-Turkish wars (Russko-turetskiye voyny) or Russo-Ottoman wars (Osmanlı-Rus savaşları) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries.

See Pale of Settlement and History of the Russo-Turkish wars

Imperial Russian Army

The Imperial Russian Army or Russian Imperial Army (Rússkaya imperátorskaya ármiya) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917.

See Pale of Settlement and Imperial Russian Army

Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Ireland

Isaac Bashevis Singer

Isaac Bashevis Singer (יצחק באַשעװיס זינגער; 1904 – July 24, 1991) was a Polish-born Jewish-American novelist, short-story writer, memoirist, essayist, and translator.

See Pale of Settlement and Isaac Bashevis Singer

Jewish Autonomous Oblast

The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO; Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast' (YeAO),; ייִדישע אװטאָנאָמע געגנט|Yidishe avtonome gegnt) is a federal subject of Russia in the far east of the country, bordering Khabarovsk Krai and Amur Oblast in Russia and Heilongjiang province in China.

See Pale of Settlement and Jewish Autonomous Oblast

Jewish culture

Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, from its formation in ancient times until the current age.

See Pale of Settlement and Jewish culture

Jewish holidays

Jewish holidays, also known as Jewish festivals or Yamim Tovim (Good Days, or singular יום טוב, in transliterated Hebrew), are holidays observed by Jews throughout the Hebrew calendar.

See Pale of Settlement and Jewish holidays

Jewish quota

A Jewish quota was a discriminatory racial quota designed to limit or deny access for Jews to various institutions.

See Pale of Settlement and Jewish quota

Jewish Virtual Library

The Jewish Virtual Library (JVL, formerly known as JSOURCE) is an online encyclopedia published by the American foreign policy analyst Mitchell Bard's non-profit organization American–Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE).

See Pale of Settlement and Jewish Virtual Library

Kalisz Governorate

Kalisz Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Kalisz Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Kalisz Governorate

Kashrut

(also or, כַּשְׁרוּת) is a set of dietary laws dealing with the foods that Jewish people are permitted to eat and how those foods must be prepared according to Jewish law.

See Pale of Settlement and Kashrut

Kherson Governorate

Kherson Governorate, known until 1803 as Nikolayev Governorate, was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kherson.

See Pale of Settlement and Kherson Governorate

Kielce Governorate

Kielce Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Kielce Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Kielce Governorate

Kiev Governorate

Kiev Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire from 1796 to 1919 and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1919 to 1925.

See Pale of Settlement and Kiev Governorate

Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

See Pale of Settlement and Kingdom of Prussia

Kovno Governorate

Kovno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kovno (Kaunas).

See Pale of Settlement and Kovno Governorate

Kyiv

Kyiv (also Kiev) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine.

See Pale of Settlement and Kyiv

Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Latvia

Latvia (Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Latvia

List of Hasidic dynasties and groups

A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics.

See Pale of Settlement and List of Hasidic dynasties and groups

Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Lithuania

Little Russia

Little Russia (Malorossiya; Malorosiia), also known in English as Malorussia, Little Rus' (Malaya Rus; translit), Rus' Minor (from translit), and the French equivalent Petite Russie, is a geographical and historical term used to describe Ukraine.

See Pale of Settlement and Little Russia

Lublin Governorate

Lublin Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Lublin Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Lublin Governorate

May Laws

Temporary regulations regarding the Jews (also known as May Laws) were residency and business restrictions on Jews in the Russian Empire, proposed by minister Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev and enacted by Tsar Alexander III on15 May (3 May O.S.), 1882. Pale of Settlement and May Laws are politics of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and May Laws

Minhag

Minhag (מנהג "custom", classical pl. מנהגות, modern pl. מנהגים, minhagim) is an accepted tradition or group of traditions in Judaism.

See Pale of Settlement and Minhag

Minsk Governorate

Minsk Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Minsk.

See Pale of Settlement and Minsk Governorate

Mogilev Governorate

Mogilev Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Mogilev Governorate

Moldavia

Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei, literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic: Молдова or Цара Мѡлдовєй) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River.

See Pale of Settlement and Moldavia

Moldova

Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, on the northeastern corner of the Balkans.

See Pale of Settlement and Moldova

Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.

See Pale of Settlement and Moscow

Mykolaiv

Mykolaiv (Миколаїв,; Nikolayev) is a city and a hromada (municipality) in southern Ukraine.

See Pale of Settlement and Mykolaiv

Nationalism

Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state.

See Pale of Settlement and Nationalism

Nicholas I of Russia

Nicholas I (–) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland.

See Pale of Settlement and Nicholas I of Russia

North Caucasus

The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a region in Europe governed by Russia.

See Pale of Settlement and North Caucasus

Northwestern Krai

Northwestern Krai (Северо-Западный край) was a ''krai'' of the Russian Empire (unofficial subdivision) in the territories of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania (present-day Belarus and Lithuania).

See Pale of Settlement and Northwestern Krai

Novgorod-Seversky Viceroyalty

Novgorod-Seversky Viceroyalty, sometimes Novgorod-Seversky Governorate, was an administrative-territorial unit (namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1781–1796.

See Pale of Settlement and Novgorod-Seversky Viceroyalty

Novorossiya

Novorossiyaa; Novorosiia; Noua Rusie, Noworosja is a historical name, used during the era of the Russian Empire for an administrative area that would later become the southern mainland of Ukraine: the region immediately north of the Black Sea and Crimea.

See Pale of Settlement and Novorossiya

Novorossiya Governorate

Novorossiya Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1764–1783 and again in 1796–1802.

See Pale of Settlement and Novorossiya Governorate

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

See Pale of Settlement and Ottoman Empire

Pale of Calais

The Pale of Calais was a territory in northern France ruled by the monarchs of England from 1347 to 1558.

See Pale of Settlement and Pale of Calais

Palisade

A palisade, sometimes called a stakewall or a paling, is typically a row of closely placed, high vertical standing tree trunks or wooden or iron stakes used as a fence for enclosure or as a defensive wall.

See Pale of Settlement and Palisade

Płock Governorate

Płock Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Płock Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Płock Governorate

Piotrków Governorate

Piotrków Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire, established in 1867 by splitting some areas of Radom and Warsaw Governorates. Pale of Settlement and Piotrków Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Piotrków Governorate

Podolia Governorate

Podolia Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Southwestern Krai of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Podolia Governorate

Pogrom

A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews.

See Pale of Settlement and Pogrom

Pogroms in the Russian Empire

Pogroms in the Russian Empire (Еврейские погромы в Российской империи) were large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting that began in the 19th century.

See Pale of Settlement and Pogroms in the Russian Empire

Poland

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Poland

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Poland–Lithuania, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and also referred to as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the First Polish Republic, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

See Pale of Settlement and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Poltava Governorate

Poltava Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Poltava Governorate

Radom Governorate

Radom Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Radom Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Radom Governorate

Rebbe

A Rebbe (translit) or Admor (אדמו״ר) is the spiritual leader in the Hasidic movement, and the personalities of its dynasties.

See Pale of Settlement and Rebbe

Reforms of Russian orthography

Russian orthography has been reformed officially and unofficially by changing the Russian alphabet over the course of the history of the Russian language.

See Pale of Settlement and Reforms of Russian orthography

Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

See Pale of Settlement and Russia

Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

See Pale of Settlement and Russian Empire

Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov', abbreviated as РПЦ), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskovskiy patriarkhat), is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church.

See Pale of Settlement and Russian Orthodox Church

Russian Provisional Government

The Russian Provisional Government was a provisional government of the Russian Empire and Russian Republic, announced two days before and established immediately after the abdication of Nicholas II, during the February Revolution.

See Pale of Settlement and Russian Provisional Government

Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti

The Vedomosti (Ведомости) is Russia's oldest newspaper.

See Pale of Settlement and Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti

Second Partition of Poland

The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795.

See Pale of Settlement and Second Partition of Poland

Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939.

See Pale of Settlement and Second Polish Republic

Sevastopol

Sevastopol, sometimes written Sebastopol, is the largest city in Crimea and a major port on the Black Sea.

See Pale of Settlement and Sevastopol

Sholem Aleichem

Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Соломон Наумович Рабинович; May 13, 1916), better known under his pen name Sholem Aleichem (Yiddish and שלום עליכם, also spelled in Soviet Yiddish,; Russian and Шо́лом-Але́йхем), was a Yiddish author and playwright who lived in the Russian Empire and in the United States.

See Pale of Settlement and Sholem Aleichem

Shtetl

Shtetl or shtetel is a Yiddish term for the small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jewish populations which existed in Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. Pale of Settlement and shtetl are Jewish Belarusian history, Jewish Ukrainian history and Shtetls.

See Pale of Settlement and Shtetl

Siedlce Governorate

Siedlce Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Siedlce Governorate

Social estates in the Russian Empire were denoted by the term soslovie (sosloviye), which approximately corresponds to the notion of the estate of the realm. Pale of Settlement and Social estates in the Russian Empire are society of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Social estates in the Russian Empire

Southwestern Krai

Southwestern Krai (Yugo-zapadny kray), also known as Kiev General Governorate or Kiev, Podolia, and Volhynia General Governorate (Kievskoye, Podol'skoye i Volynskoye general-gubernatorstvo) was an administrative-territorial and political subdivision (a krai) of the Russian Empire in 1832–1914. Pale of Settlement and Southwestern Krai are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Southwestern Krai

State Duma

The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia.

See Pale of Settlement and State Duma

Suwałki Governorate

Suwałki Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire, which had its seat in the city of Suwałki. Pale of Settlement and Suwałki Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Suwałki Governorate

Talmud

The Talmud (תַּלְמוּד|Talmūḏ|teaching) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (halakha) and Jewish theology.

See Pale of Settlement and Talmud

Taurida Governorate

Taurida Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Taurida Governorate

Taurida Oblast

Taurida Oblast (Tavricheskaya oblast) was an administrative-territorial unit (oblast) of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Taurida Oblast

Tevye

Tevye the Dairyman, also translated as Tevye the Milkman (טבֿיה דער מילכיקער, Tevye der milkhiker) is the fictional narrator and protagonist of a series of short stories by Sholem Aleichem, and their various adaptations, the most famous being the 1964 stage musical Fiddler on the Roof and its 1971 film adaptation.

See Pale of Settlement and Tevye

The Holocaust

The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.

See Pale of Settlement and The Holocaust

The Jewish Chronicle

The Jewish Chronicle (The JC) is a London-based Jewish weekly newspaper.

See Pale of Settlement and The Jewish Chronicle

The Pale

The Pale (Irish: An Pháil) or the English Pale (An Pháil Shasanach or An Ghalltacht) was the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages. Pale of Settlement and the Pale are Settlement schemes.

See Pale of Settlement and The Pale

The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe

The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe is a two-volume, English-language reference work on the history and culture of Eastern Europe Jewry in this region, prepared by the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research and published by Yale University Press in 2008.

See Pale of Settlement and The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe

Third Partition of Poland

The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918.

See Pale of Settlement and Third Partition of Poland

Tzedakah

Tzedakah (צְדָקָה ṣədāqā) is a Hebrew word meaning "righteousness", but commonly used to signify charity.

See Pale of Settlement and Tzedakah

Ukase

In Imperial Russia, a ukase or ukaz (указ) was a proclamation of the tsar, government, or a religious leader (patriarch) that had the force of law.

See Pale of Settlement and Ukase

Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.

See Pale of Settlement and Ukraine

Velizh

Velizh (Ве́лиж) is a town and the administrative center of Velizhsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Western Dvina, from Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast.

See Pale of Settlement and Velizh

Vilna Governorate

The Vilna Governorate was a province (guberniya) of the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Vilna Governorate

Vitebsk Governorate

Vitebsk Governorate (Vitebskaya guberniya, Vitsyebskaya hubernya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with the seat of governorship in Vitebsk.

See Pale of Settlement and Vitebsk Governorate

Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)

Vizhnitz is the name of a Hasidic dynasty founded by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. Pale of Settlement and Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty) are Jewish Ukrainian history.

See Pale of Settlement and Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)

Volhynia Governorate

Volhynia Governorate, also known as Volyn Governorate, was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Southwestern Krai of the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Volhynia Governorate

Volozhin Yeshiva

Yeshivas Etz Ḥayyim, commonly called the Volozhin Yeshiva, was a prestigious Lithuanian yeshiva located in the town of Volozhin, Russian Empire (now Valozhyn, Belarus). Pale of Settlement and Volozhin Yeshiva are Jewish Belarusian history and Jews and Judaism in the Russian Empire.

See Pale of Settlement and Volozhin Yeshiva

Warsaw Governorate

Warsaw Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire. Pale of Settlement and Warsaw Governorate are states and territories disestablished in 1915.

See Pale of Settlement and Warsaw Governorate

Welfare

Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter.

See Pale of Settlement and Welfare

Western Krai

Western Krai (Западный край, literally Western Land) was an unofficial name for the westernmost parts of the Russian Empire, excluding the territory of Congress Poland (which was sometimes referred to as Vistula Krai).

See Pale of Settlement and Western Krai

Wiktionary

Wiktionary (rhyming with "dictionary") is a multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary of terms (including words, phrases, proverbs, linguistic reconstructions, etc.) in all natural languages and in a number of artificial languages.

See Pale of Settlement and Wiktionary

World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

See Pale of Settlement and World War I

Yalta

Yalta (Ялта) is a resort city on the south coast of the Crimean Peninsula surrounded by the Black Sea.

See Pale of Settlement and Yalta

Yedisan

Yedisan (also Jedisan or Edisan; Yedysan, Edisan, Yedisan, Yedisan, Dobrujan Tatar: Cedĭsan) was a conditional name for Özi Sancağı (Ochakiv Sanjak) of Silistra Eyalet, a territory located in today's Southern Ukraine between the Dniester and the Southern Bug (Boh), which was placed by the Ottomans under the control of the Nogai Horde in the 17th and 18th centuries and was named after one of the Nogai Hordes.

See Pale of Settlement and Yedisan

Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter

Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter (יהודה אריה ליב אלתר, 15 April 1847 – 11 January 1905), also known by the title of his main work, the Sfas Emes (Ashkenazic Pronunciation) or Sefat Emet (Modern Hebrew), was a Hasidic rabbi who succeeded his grandfather, Rabbi Yitzchak Meir Alter, as the Av beis din (head of the rabbinical court) and Rav of Góra Kalwaria, Poland (known in Yiddish as the town of Ger), and succeeded Rabbi Chanokh Heynekh HaKohen Levin of Aleksander as Rebbe of the Gerrer Hasidim.

See Pale of Settlement and Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter

Yekaterinoslav Governorate

Yekaterinoslav Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav.

See Pale of Settlement and Yekaterinoslav Governorate

Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty

The Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty was an administrative-territorial unit (namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which was created on 26 March 1783 by merging Novorossiya Governorate and Azov Governorate.

See Pale of Settlement and Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty

Yentl (film)

Yentl is a 1983 American romantic musical drama film directed, co-written, co-produced by, and starring American entertainer Barbra Streisand.

See Pale of Settlement and Yentl (film)

Yentl (play)

Yentl is a play by Leah Napolin and Isaac Bashevis Singer.

See Pale of Settlement and Yentl (play)

Yeshiva

A yeshiva or jeshibah (ישיבה||sitting; pl. ישיבות, or) is a traditional Jewish educational institution focused on the study of Rabbinic literature, primarily the Talmud and halacha (Jewish law), while Torah and Jewish philosophy are studied in parallel.

See Pale of Settlement and Yeshiva

Yiddish

Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish or idish,,; ייִדיש-טײַטש, historically also Yidish-Taytsh) is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.

See Pale of Settlement and Yiddish

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement

Also known as Cherta osedlosti, Jewish Pale, Jewish Pale of Settlement, The Pale of Settlement, Within the pale, Черта́ осе́длости.

, Jewish Virtual Library, Kalisz Governorate, Kashrut, Kherson Governorate, Kielce Governorate, Kiev Governorate, Kingdom of Prussia, Kovno Governorate, Kyiv, Latin, Latvia, List of Hasidic dynasties and groups, Lithuania, Little Russia, Lublin Governorate, May Laws, Minhag, Minsk Governorate, Mogilev Governorate, Moldavia, Moldova, Moscow, Mykolaiv, Nationalism, Nicholas I of Russia, North Caucasus, Northwestern Krai, Novgorod-Seversky Viceroyalty, Novorossiya, Novorossiya Governorate, Ottoman Empire, Pale of Calais, Palisade, Płock Governorate, Piotrków Governorate, Podolia Governorate, Pogrom, Pogroms in the Russian Empire, Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Poltava Governorate, Radom Governorate, Rebbe, Reforms of Russian orthography, Russia, Russian Empire, Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Provisional Government, Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti, Second Partition of Poland, Second Polish Republic, Sevastopol, Sholem Aleichem, Shtetl, Siedlce Governorate, Social estates in the Russian Empire, Southwestern Krai, State Duma, Suwałki Governorate, Talmud, Taurida Governorate, Taurida Oblast, Tevye, The Holocaust, The Jewish Chronicle, The Pale, The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe, Third Partition of Poland, Tzedakah, Ukase, Ukraine, Velizh, Vilna Governorate, Vitebsk Governorate, Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty), Volhynia Governorate, Volozhin Yeshiva, Warsaw Governorate, Welfare, Western Krai, Wiktionary, World War I, Yalta, Yedisan, Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty, Yentl (film), Yentl (play), Yeshiva, Yiddish.

Pale of Settlement, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Antisemitism in Russia

Antisemitism in Ukraine

Congress Poland

Disabilities (Jewish) in Europe

Historic Jewish communities in Europe

History of Belarus (1795–1918)

History of Bessarabia