Part of speech, the Glossary
In grammar, a part of speech or part-of-speech (abbreviated as POS or PoS, also known as word class or grammatical category) is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) that have similar grammatical properties.[1]
Table of Contents
105 relations: -ing, -ly, -s, Abbreviation, Adjectival noun (Japanese), Adjective, Adposition, Adverb, Aristotle, Article (grammar), Auxiliary verb, Basque verbs, Bemba language, Borrowing (linguistics), Cardinal numeral, Chinese language, Classical Greece, Classifier (linguistics), Clitic, Complement (linguistics), Compound (linguistics), Conjunction (grammar), Content word, Contraction (grammar), Conversion (word formation), Count noun, Coverb, Cratylus (dialogue), Demonstrative, Determiner, Dictionary, Dionysius Thrax, Distributive numeral, English grammar, English language, English verbs, Floruit, Function word, Generalized quantifier, Gerund, Grammar, Grammatical case, Grammatical category, Grammatical number, Grammatical particle, Grammatical person, Grammatical tense, History of linguistics, Ideophone, Inflection, ... Expand index (55 more) »
-ing
-ing is a suffix used to make one of the inflected forms of English verbs.
-ly
The suffix -ly in English is usually a contraction of -like, similar to the Anglo-Saxon -lice and German -lich.
-s
-s or -es may be.
Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin, meaning "short") is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym) or crasis.
See Part of speech and Abbreviation
Adjectival noun (Japanese)
In descriptions of the Japanese language, an adjectival noun, adjectival, or na-adjective is a noun that can function as an adjective by taking the particle 〜な -na.
See Part of speech and Adjectival noun (Japanese)
Adjective
An adjective (abbreviated adj.) is a word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase.
See Part of speech and Adjective
Adposition
Adpositions are a class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (in, under, towards, behind, ago, etc.) or mark various semantic roles (of, for). Part of speech and Adposition are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Adposition
Adverb
An adverb is a word or an expression that generally modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb, determiner, clause, preposition, or sentence. Part of speech and adverb are parts of speech.
Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.
See Part of speech and Aristotle
Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases. Part of speech and article (grammar) are grammar and parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Article (grammar)
Auxiliary verb
An auxiliary verb (abbreviated) is a verb that adds functional or grammatical meaning to the clause in which it occurs, so as to express tense, aspect, modality, voice, emphasis, etc.
See Part of speech and Auxiliary verb
Basque verbs
The verb is one of the most complex parts of Basque grammar.
See Part of speech and Basque verbs
Bemba language
Bemba, ChiBemba (also Cibemba, Ichibemba, Icibemba and Chiwemba), is a Bantu language spoken primarily in north-eastern Zambia by the Bemba people and as a lingua franca by about 18 related ethnic groups.
See Part of speech and Bemba language
Borrowing (linguistics)
In linguistics, borrowing is a type of language change in which a language or dialect undergoes change as a result of contact with another language or dialect.
See Part of speech and Borrowing (linguistics)
Cardinal numeral
In linguistics, and more precisely in traditional grammar, a cardinal numeral (or cardinal number word) is a part of speech used to count.
See Part of speech and Cardinal numeral
Chinese language
Chinese is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in China.
See Part of speech and Chinese language
Classical Greece
Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (the 5th and 4th centuries BC) in Ancient Greece,The "Classical Age" is "the modern designation of the period from about 500 B.C. to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C." (Thomas R. Martin, Ancient Greece, Yale University Press, 1996, p.
See Part of speech and Classical Greece
Classifier (linguistics)
A classifier (abbreviated or) is a word or affix that accompanies nouns and can be considered to "classify" a noun depending on some characteristics (e.g. humanness, animacy, sex, shape, social status) of its referent. Part of speech and classifier (linguistics) are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Classifier (linguistics)
Clitic
In morphology and syntax, a clitic (backformed from Greek ἐγκλιτικός "leaning" or "enclitic"Crystal, David. A First Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1980. Print.) is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase.
Complement (linguistics)
In grammar, a complement is a word, phrase, or clause that is necessary to complete the meaning of a given expression.
See Part of speech and Complement (linguistics)
Compound (linguistics)
In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word or sign) that consists of more than one stem.
See Part of speech and Compound (linguistics)
Conjunction (grammar)
In grammar, a conjunction (abbreviated or) is a part of speech that connects words, phrases, or clauses that are called the conjuncts of the conjunctions. Part of speech and conjunction (grammar) are grammar and parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Conjunction (grammar)
Content word
Content words, in linguistics, are words that possess semantic content and contribute to the meaning of the sentence in which they occur. Part of speech and content word are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Content word
Contraction (grammar)
A contraction is a shortened version of the spoken and written forms of a word, syllable, or word group, created by omission of internal letters and sounds.
See Part of speech and Contraction (grammar)
Conversion (word formation)
In linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation or null derivation, is a kind of word formation involving the creation of a word (of a new part of speech) from an existing word (of a different part of speech) without any change in form, which is to say, derivation using only zero.
See Part of speech and Conversion (word formation)
Count noun
In linguistics, a count noun (also countable noun) is a noun that can be modified by a quantity and that occurs in both singular and plural forms, and that can co-occur with quantificational determiners like every, each, several, etc.
See Part of speech and Count noun
Coverb
A coverb is a word or prefix that resembles a verb or co-operates with a verb. Part of speech and coverb are parts of speech.
Cratylus (dialogue)
Cratylus (Κρατύλος) is the name of a dialogue by Plato.
See Part of speech and Cratylus (dialogue)
Demonstrative
Demonstratives (abbreviated) are words, such as this and that, used to indicate which entities are being referred to and to distinguish those entities from others. Part of speech and Demonstrative are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Demonstrative
Determiner
Determiner, also called determinative (abbreviated), is a term used in some models of grammatical description to describe a word or affix belonging to a class of noun modifiers. Part of speech and Determiner are grammar and parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Determiner
Dictionary
A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged alphabetically (or by consonantal root for Semitic languages or radical and stroke for logographic languages), which may include information on definitions, usage, etymologies, pronunciations, translation, etc.
See Part of speech and Dictionary
Dionysius Thrax
Dionysius Thrax (Διονύσιος ὁ Θρᾷξ Dionýsios ho Thrâix, 170–90 BC) was a Greek grammarian and a pupil of Aristarchus of Samothrace.
See Part of speech and Dionysius Thrax
Distributive numeral
In linguistics, a distributive numeral, or distributive number word, is a word that answers "how many times each?" or "how many at a time?", such as singly or doubly.
See Part of speech and Distributive numeral
English grammar
English grammar is the set of structural rules of the English language.
See Part of speech and English grammar
English language
English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.
See Part of speech and English language
English verbs
Verbs constitute one of the main parts of speech (word classes) in the English language.
See Part of speech and English verbs
Floruit
Floruit (abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for "flourished") denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active.
See Part of speech and Floruit
Function word
In linguistics, function words (also called functors) are words that have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning and express grammatical relationships among other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker. Part of speech and function word are grammar and parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Function word
Generalized quantifier
In formal semantics, a generalized quantifier (GQ) is an expression that denotes a set of sets.
See Part of speech and Generalized quantifier
Gerund
In linguistics, a gerund (abbreviated ger) is any of various nonfinite verb forms in various languages; most often, but not exclusively, it is one that functions as a noun.
Grammar
In linguistics, a grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers.
See Part of speech and Grammar
Grammatical case
A grammatical case is a category of nouns and noun modifiers (determiners, adjectives, participles, and numerals) that corresponds to one or more potential grammatical functions for a nominal group in a wording.
See Part of speech and Grammatical case
Grammatical category
In linguistics, a grammatical category or grammatical feature is a property of items within the grammar of a language. Part of speech and grammatical category are grammar.
See Part of speech and Grammatical category
Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more").
See Part of speech and Grammatical number
Grammatical particle
In grammar, the term particle (abbreviated) has a traditional meaning, as a part of speech that cannot be inflected, and a modern meaning, as a function word (functor) associated with another word or phrase in order to impart meaning. Part of speech and Grammatical particle are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Grammatical particle
Grammatical person
In linguistics, grammatical person is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically, the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person).
See Part of speech and Grammatical person
Grammatical tense
In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference.
See Part of speech and Grammatical tense
History of linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language, involving analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context.
See Part of speech and History of linguistics
Ideophone
An ideophone is any word in a certain word class evoking ideas in sound imitation (onomatopoeia) to express an action, manner, or property. Part of speech and ideophone are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Ideophone
Inflection
In linguistic morphology, inflection (less commonly, inflexion) is a process of word formation in which a word is modified to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, mood, animacy, and definiteness. Part of speech and inflection are grammar.
See Part of speech and Inflection
Interjection
An interjection is a word or expression that occurs as an utterance on its own and expresses a spontaneous feeling or reaction. Part of speech and interjection are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Interjection
Japanese adjectives
This article deals with Japanese equivalents of English adjectives.
See Part of speech and Japanese adjectives
Japanese language
is the principal language of the Japonic language family spoken by the Japanese people.
See Part of speech and Japanese language
Japanese pronouns
Japanese pronouns are words in the Japanese language used to address or refer to present people or things, where present means people or things that can be pointed at.
See Part of speech and Japanese pronouns
Jingulu language
Jingulu, also spelt Djingili, is an Australian language spoken by the Jingili people in the Northern Territory of Australia, historically around the township of Elliot.
See Part of speech and Jingulu language
Korean language
Korean (South Korean: 한국어, Hangugeo; North Korean: 조선말, Chosŏnmal) is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent.
See Part of speech and Korean language
Language Log
Language Log is a collaborative language blog maintained by Mark Liberman, a phonetician at the University of Pennsylvania.
See Part of speech and Language Log
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Latin grammar
Latin is a heavily inflected language with largely free word order.
See Part of speech and Latin grammar
Lexical item
In lexicography, a lexical item is a single word, a part of a word, or a chain of words (catena) that forms the basic elements of a language's lexicon (≈ vocabulary).
See Part of speech and Lexical item
Light verb
In linguistics, a light verb is a verb that has little semantic content of its own and forms a predicate with some additional expression, which is usually a noun.
See Part of speech and Light verb
Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language.
See Part of speech and Linguistics
Luganda
Ganda or Luganda (Oluganda) is a Bantu language spoken in the African Great Lakes region.
See Part of speech and Luganda
Marker (linguistics)
In linguistics, a marker is a free or bound morpheme that indicates the grammatical function of the marked word, phrase, or sentence.
See Part of speech and Marker (linguistics)
Mass noun
In linguistics, a mass noun, uncountable noun, non-count noun, uncount noun, or just uncountable, is a noun with the syntactic property that any quantity of it is treated as an undifferentiated unit, rather than as something with discrete elements.
See Part of speech and Mass noun
Measure word
In linguistics, measure words are words (or morphemes) that are used in combination with a numeral to indicate an amount of something represented by some noun. Part of speech and measure word are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Measure word
Morphological derivation
Morphological derivation, in linguistics, is the process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as For example, unhappy and happiness derive from the root word happy. It is differentiated from inflection, which is the modification of a word to form different grammatical categories without changing its core meaning: determines, determining, and determined are from the root determine.
See Part of speech and Morphological derivation
Morphology (linguistics)
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, including the principles by which they are formed, and how they relate to one another within a language. Part of speech and morphology (linguistics) are grammar.
See Part of speech and Morphology (linguistics)
Multiplier (linguistics)
In linguistics, more precisely in traditional grammar, a multiplier is a word that counts how many times its object should be multiplied, such as single or double.
See Part of speech and Multiplier (linguistics)
Nirukta
Nirukta (निरुक्त,, "explained, interpreted") is one of the six ancient Vedangas, or ancillary science connected with the Vedas – the scriptures of Hinduism.
See Part of speech and Nirukta
Nonce word
In linguistics, a nonce word—also called an occasionalism—is any word (lexeme), or any sequence of sounds or letters, created for a single occasion or utterance but not otherwise understood or recognized as a word in a given language.
See Part of speech and Nonce word
Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. Part of speech and noun are grammar and parts of speech.
Noun phrase
A noun phrase – or NP or nominal (phrase) – is a phrase that usually has a noun or pronoun as its head, and has the same grammatical functions as a noun.
See Part of speech and Noun phrase
Numeral (linguistics)
In linguistics, a numeral in the broadest sense is a word or phrase that describes a numerical quantity.
See Part of speech and Numeral (linguistics)
Object (grammar)
In linguistics, an object is any of several types of arguments.
See Part of speech and Object (grammar)
Ordinal numeral
In linguistics, ordinal numerals or ordinal number words are words representing position or rank in a sequential order; the order may be of size, importance, chronology, and so on (e.g., "third", "tertiary").
See Part of speech and Ordinal numeral
Part-of-speech tagging
In corpus linguistics, part-of-speech tagging (POS tagging or PoS tagging or POST), also called grammatical tagging is the process of marking up a word in a text (corpus) as corresponding to a particular part of speech, based on both its definition and its context.
See Part of speech and Part-of-speech tagging
Participle
In linguistics, a participle (abbr.) is a nonfinite verb form that has some of the characteristics and functions of both verbs and adjectives.
See Part of speech and Participle
Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
See Part of speech and Persian language
Phrase
In grammar, a phrasecalled expression in some contextsis a group of words or singular word acting as a grammatical unit.
Plato
Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (Ἀριστοκλῆς; – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms.
Possessive determiner
Possessive determiners are determiners which express possession. Part of speech and Possessive determiner are grammar.
See Part of speech and Possessive determiner
Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.
Preverb
Although not used in general linguistic theory, the term preverb is used in Caucasian (including all three families: Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Kartvelian), Caddoan, Athabaskan, and Algonquian linguistics to describe certain elements prefixed to verbs. Part of speech and preverb are grammar and parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Preverb
Priscian
Priscianus Caesariensis, commonly known as Priscian, was a Latin grammarian and the author of the Institutes of Grammar, which was the standard textbook for the study of Latin during the Middle Ages.
See Part of speech and Priscian
Pronoun
In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun (glossed) is a word or a group of words that one may substitute for a noun or noun phrase. Part of speech and pronoun are parts of speech.
See Part of speech and Pronoun
Protologism
In linguistics, a protologism is a newly used or coined word, a nonce word, that has been repeated but not gained acceptance beyond its original users or been published independently of the coiners.
See Part of speech and Protologism
Relative pronoun
A relative pronoun is a pronoun that marks a relative clause.
See Part of speech and Relative pronoun
Robert M. W. Dixon
Robert Malcolm Ward "Bob" Dixon (born 25 January 1939, in Gloucester, England) is a Professor of Linguistics in the College of Arts, Society, and Education and The Cairns Institute, James Cook University, Queensland.
See Part of speech and Robert M. W. Dixon
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
See Part of speech and Sanskrit
Semantics
Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning. Part of speech and Semantics are grammar.
See Part of speech and Semantics
Sino-Japanese vocabulary
Sino-Japanese vocabulary, also known as, is a subset of Japanese vocabulary that originated in Chinese or was created from elements borrowed from Chinese.
See Part of speech and Sino-Japanese vocabulary
Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging
Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging is used to part-of-speech tag a text.
See Part of speech and Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging
Stative verb
According to some linguistics theories, a stative verb is a verb that describes a state of being, in contrast to a dynamic verb, which describes an action.
See Part of speech and Stative verb
Subcategorization
In linguistics, subcategorization denotes the ability/necessity for lexical items (usually verbs) to require/allow the presence and types of the syntactic arguments with which they co-occur.
See Part of speech and Subcategorization
Syntactic category
A syntactic category is a syntactic unit that theories of syntax assume.
See Part of speech and Syntactic category
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Part of speech and syntax are grammar.
Tamil language
Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia.
See Part of speech and Tamil language
The Art of Grammar
The Art of Grammar (Τέχνη Γραμματική - or romanized, Téchnē Grammatikḗ) is a treatise on Greek grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax, who wrote in the 2nd century BC.
See Part of speech and The Art of Grammar
Tolkāppiyam
Tolkāppiyam, also romanised as Tholkaappiyam (தொல்காப்பியம், lit. "ancient poem"), is the most ancient extant Tamil grammar text and the oldest extant long work of Tamil literature.
See Part of speech and Tolkāppiyam
Traditional grammar
Traditional grammar (also known as classical grammar) is a framework for the description of the structure of a language. Part of speech and Traditional grammar are grammar.
See Part of speech and Traditional grammar
Verb
A verb is a word (part of speech) that in syntax generally conveys an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand). Part of speech and verb are parts of speech.
Verb phrase
In linguistics, a verb phrase (VP) is a syntactic unit composed of a verb and its arguments except the subject of an independent clause or coordinate clause.
See Part of speech and Verb phrase
Vietnamese language
Vietnamese (tiếng Việt) is an Austroasiatic language spoken primarily in Vietnam where it is the national and official language.
See Part of speech and Vietnamese language
Yāska
Yāska was an ancient Indian grammarian and linguist (7th–5th century BCE).
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech
Also known as 8 Parts of speech, Closed class, Closed class word, Closed word class, Closed word classes, Closed-cass system, Closed-class word, Lexical categories, Lexical category, Lexical class, Lexical word, Open class (linguistics), Open class word, Open word class, Open word classes, Part-of-speech, Parts of Speech, Verbal adverb, Word category, Word class, Wordclass.
, Interjection, Japanese adjectives, Japanese language, Japanese pronouns, Jingulu language, Korean language, Language Log, Latin, Latin grammar, Lexical item, Light verb, Linguistics, Luganda, Marker (linguistics), Mass noun, Measure word, Morphological derivation, Morphology (linguistics), Multiplier (linguistics), Nirukta, Nonce word, Noun, Noun phrase, Numeral (linguistics), Object (grammar), Ordinal numeral, Part-of-speech tagging, Participle, Persian language, Phrase, Plato, Possessive determiner, Prefix, Preverb, Priscian, Pronoun, Protologism, Relative pronoun, Robert M. W. Dixon, Sanskrit, Semantics, Sino-Japanese vocabulary, Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging, Stative verb, Subcategorization, Syntactic category, Syntax, Tamil language, The Art of Grammar, Tolkāppiyam, Traditional grammar, Verb, Verb phrase, Vietnamese language, Yāska.