en.unionpedia.org

Parthian language, the Glossary

The Parthian language, also known as Arsacid Pahlavi and Pahlawānīg, is an extinct ancient Northwestern Iranian language once spoken in Parthia, a region situated in present-day northeastern Iran and Turkmenistan.^[1]

59 relations: Aramaic, Aramaic alphabet, Armenian language, Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania, Arsacid dynasty of Iberia, Avestan, Bajaur District, Balochi language, Balochistan, Birjand, Caucasus, Drakht-i Asurig, Dura-Europos, Eastern Iranian languages, Eponym, Euphrates, Gondophares, Ideogram, Imperial Aramaic, Indo-European languages, Indo-Iranian languages, Inscriptional Parthian, Iran, Iranian languages, Iraqi Kurdistan, Ka'ba-ye Zartosht, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kurmanji, Language contact, List of Sasanian inscriptions, Loanword, Logogram, Manichaean script, Middle Persian, Middle Persian literature, Nisa, Turkmenistan, Northern Pakistan, Old Persian, Ostracon, Pahlavi scripts, Paikuli inscription, Parchments of Avroman, Parthia, Parthian Empire, Persian language, Qumis, Iran, Sasanian Empire, Seleucia, Shiraz, ... Expand index (9 more) »
Armenian language
Languages attested from the 1st century BC
Northwestern Iranian languages
Parthian Empire

Aramaic

Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.

See Parthian language and Aramaic

Aramaic alphabet

The ancient Aramaic alphabet was used to write the Aramaic languages spoken by ancient Aramean pre-Christian tribes throughout the Fertile Crescent.

See Parthian language and Aramaic alphabet

Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

See Parthian language and Armenian language

Arsacid dynasty of Armenia

The Arsacid dynasty, called the Arshakuni (Aršakuni) in Armenian, ruled the Kingdom of Armenia, with some interruptions, from 12 to 428.

See Parthian language and Arsacid dynasty of Armenia

Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania

The Arsacid dynasty was a dynasty of Parthian origin, which ruled the kingdom of Caucasian Albania from the 3rd to the 6th century.

See Parthian language and Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania

Arsacid dynasty of Iberia

The Arsacid dynasty or Arshakiani (tr), a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, ruled the ancient Kingdom of Iberia (Kartli, eastern Georgia) from c. 189 until 284 AD.

See Parthian language and Arsacid dynasty of Iberia

Avestan

Avestan is an umbrella term for two Old Iranian languages, Old Avestan (spoken in the 2nd to 1st millennium BC) and Younger Avestan (spoken in the 1st millennium BC). Parthian language and Avestan are Extinct languages of Asia.

See Parthian language and Avestan

Bajaur District

Bajaur District (باجوړ ولسوالۍ, ضلع باجوڑ), formerly Bajaur Agency, is a district in the Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan.

See Parthian language and Bajaur District

Balochi language

Balochi (rtl, romanized) is a Northwestern Iranian language, spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. Parthian language and Balochi language are Northwestern Iranian languages.

See Parthian language and Balochi language

Balochistan

Balochistan (Balòcestàn), also spelled Baluchistan or Baluchestan, is a historical region in Western and South Asia, located in the Iranian plateau's far southeast and bordering the Indian Plate and the Arabian Sea coastline.

See Parthian language and Balochistan

Birjand

Birjand (بیرجند) is a city in the Central District of Birjand County, South Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

See Parthian language and Birjand

Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

See Parthian language and Caucasus

Drakht-i Asurig

Draxt ī Āsūrīg (meaning "The Assyrian Tree" or "The Babylonian Tree") is a Parthian-language poem consisting of about 120 verses and written in Book Pahlavi script.

See Parthian language and Drakht-i Asurig

Dura-Europos

Dura-Europos was a Hellenistic, Parthian, and Roman border city built on an escarpment above the southwestern bank of the Euphrates river.

See Parthian language and Dura-Europos

Eastern Iranian languages

The Eastern Iranian languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages, having emerged during the Middle Iranian era (4th century BC to 9th century AD).

See Parthian language and Eastern Iranian languages

Eponym

An eponym is a person, a place, or a thing after whom or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named.

See Parthian language and Eponym

Euphrates

The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.

See Parthian language and Euphrates

Gondophares

Gondophares I (Greek: Γονδοφαρης Gondopharēs, Υνδοφερρης Hyndopherrēs; Kharosthi: 𐨒𐨂𐨡𐨥𐨪,; 𐨒𐨂𐨡𐨥𐨪𐨿𐨣,; 𐨒𐨂𐨡𐨂𐨵𐨪) was the founder of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom and its most prominent king, ruling from 19 to 46.

See Parthian language and Gondophares

Ideogram

An ideogram or ideograph (from Greek 'idea' + 'to write') is a symbol that represents an idea or concept independent of any particular language.

See Parthian language and Ideogram

Imperial Aramaic

Imperial Aramaic is a linguistic term, coined by modern scholars in order to designate a specific historical variety of Aramaic language.

See Parthian language and Imperial Aramaic

Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.

See Parthian language and Indo-European languages

Indo-Iranian languages

The Indo-Iranian languages (also known as Indo-Iranic languages or collectively the Aryan languages) constitute the largest and southeasternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family.

See Parthian language and Indo-Iranian languages

Inscriptional Parthian

Inscriptional Parthian is a script used to write the Parthian language on coins of Parthia from the time of Arsaces I (250 BC).

See Parthian language and Inscriptional Parthian

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

See Parthian language and Iran

Iranian languages

The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau.

See Parthian language and Iranian languages

Iraqi Kurdistan

Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern Kurdistan (Başûrê Kurdistanê) refers to the Kurdish-populated part of northern Iraq.

See Parthian language and Iraqi Kurdistan

Ka'ba-ye Zartosht

Ka'ba-ye Zartosht (کعبه زرتشت), also called the Cube of Zoroaster, is a rectangular stepped stone structure in the Naqsh-e Rustam compound beside Zangiabad village in Marvdasht county in Fars, Iran.

See Parthian language and Ka'ba-ye Zartosht

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (خېبر پښتونخوا; Hindko and,; abbr. KP), formerly known as North West Frontier Province (NWFP), is a province of Pakistan.

See Parthian language and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Kurmanji

Kurmanji (lit), also termed Northern Kurdish, is the northernmost of the Kurdish languages, spoken predominantly in southeast Turkey, northwest and northeast Iran, northern Iraq, northern Syria and the Caucasus and Khorasan regions.

See Parthian language and Kurmanji

Language contact occurs when speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact with and influence each other.

See Parthian language and Language contact

List of Sasanian inscriptions

This is a list of Sasanian inscription, which include remaining official inscriptions on rocks, as well as minor ones written on bricks, metal, wood, hide, papyri, and gems.

See Parthian language and List of Sasanian inscriptions

Loanword

A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing.

See Parthian language and Loanword

Logogram

In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek 'word', and 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme.

See Parthian language and Logogram

Manichaean script

The Manichaean script is an abjad-based writing system rooted in the Semitic family of alphabets and associated with the spread of Manichaeism from southwest to central Asia and beyond, beginning in the third century CE.

See Parthian language and Manichaean script

Middle Persian

Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. Parthian language and Middle Persian are Extinct languages of Asia.

See Parthian language and Middle Persian

Middle Persian literature

Middle Persian literature is the corpus of written works composed in Middle Persian, that is, the Middle Iranian dialect of Persia proper, the region in the south-western corner of the Iranian plateau.

See Parthian language and Middle Persian literature

Nisa, Turkmenistan

Nisa (Νῖσος, Νίσα, Νίσαιον; Nusaý; also Parthaunisa) was an ancient settlement of the Parthians, located near the of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, 18 km west of the city center.

See Parthian language and Nisa, Turkmenistan

Northern Pakistan

Northern Pakistan is a tourism region in northern and north-western parts of Pakistan, comprising the administrative units of Gilgit-Baltistan (formerly known as Northern Areas), Azad Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamabad Capital Territory and the Rawalpindi Division in Punjab.

See Parthian language and Northern Pakistan

Old Persian

Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire).

See Parthian language and Old Persian

Ostracon

An ostracon (Greek: ὄστρακον ostrakon, plural ὄστρακα ostraka) is a piece of pottery, usually broken off from a vase or other earthenware vessel.

See Parthian language and Ostracon

Pahlavi scripts

Pahlavi is a particular, exclusively written form of various Middle Iranian languages. Parthian language and Pahlavi scripts are Parthian Empire.

See Parthian language and Pahlavi scripts

Paikuli inscription

The Paikuli inscription (Peykulî, پایکولی, in بيكولي) is a bilingual Parthian and Middle Persian text corpus which was inscribed on the stone blocks of the walls of Paikuli tower; the latter is located in what is now southern part of Iraqi Kurdistan near modern-day Barkal village, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq.

See Parthian language and Paikuli inscription

Parchments of Avroman

The Parchments of Avroman (or Awraman) are three parchment documents, found in 1909 in a cave in the Hawraman region of Iranian Kurdistan.

See Parthian language and Parchments of Avroman

Parthia

Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. Parthian language and Parthia are Parthian Empire.

See Parthian language and Parthia

Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire, also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD.

See Parthian language and Parthian Empire

Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.

See Parthian language and Persian language

Qumis, Iran

Qumis (قومس; Middle Persian 𐭪𐭥𐭬𐭩𐭮 Kōmis), also known as Hecatompylos (Ἑκατόμπυλος, in صددروازه, Saddarvazeh) was an ancient city which was the capital of the Arsacid dynasty by 200 BCE.

See Parthian language and Qumis, Iran

Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

See Parthian language and Sasanian Empire

Seleucia

Seleucia (Σελεύκεια), also known as or or Seleucia ad Tigrim, was a major Mesopotamian city, located on the west bank of the Tigris River within the present-day Baghdad Governorate in Iraq.

See Parthian language and Seleucia

Shiraz

Shiraz (شیراز) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars and Persis.

See Parthian language and Shiraz

Sistan

Sistān (سیستان), also known as Sakastān (سَكاستان "the land of the Saka") and Sijistan, is a historical region in present-day south-eastern Iran, south-western Afghanistan and extending across the borders of south-western Pakistan.

See Parthian language and Sistan

Sorani

Sorani Kurdish (rtl, Kurmancîy Xwarû), also known as Central Kurdish, is a Kurdish dialect or a language spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan in western Iran.

See Parthian language and Sorani

South Khorasan province

South Khorasan Province (استان خراسان جنوبی) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the eastern part of the country.

See Parthian language and South Khorasan province

Susa

Susa (Middle translit; Middle and Neo-translit; Neo-Elamite and Achaemenid translit; Achaemenid translit; شوش; שׁוּשָׁן; Σοῦσα; ܫܘܫ; 𐭮𐭥𐭱𐭩 or 𐭱𐭥𐭮; 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠) was an ancient city in the lower Zagros Mountains about east of the Tigris, between the Karkheh and Dez Rivers in Iran.

See Parthian language and Susa

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthian_language

Also known as ISO 639:xpr, Prti (script).

, Sistan, Sorani, South Khorasan province, Susa, Taxila, Turkmenistan, Uraman Takht, Western Iranian languages, Zaza language.

Parthian language, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Armenian language

Languages attested from the 1st century BC

Northwestern Iranian languages

Parthian Empire

References