en.unionpedia.org

Phantomosaurus, the Glossary

Phantomosaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur that lived during the late Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic.^[1]

64 relations: Acoustic transmission, Amniote, Anisian, Articular bone, Articular process, Atlas (anatomy), Besanosaurus, Bone canaliculus, Bony labyrinth, Cartilage, Common carotid artery, Cone, Cymbospondylus, Diapsid, Disarticulation, Facet joint, Femur, Fibula, Fish, Flat bone, Foramen, Foramen magnum, Germany, Hypoglossal nerve, Ichthyosauria, Ichthyosaurus, Inner ear, Jurassic, Keel, Lift (force), List of ichthyosauromorph genera, List of ichthyosauromorph type specimens, Mandible, Membrane (disambiguation), Middle Triassic, Muschelkalk, Neurocranium, Occipital bone, Occipital condyles, Ophthalmosaurus, Ossification, Parietal bone, Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy, Postorbital bone, Primitive (phylogenetics), Pterygoid bone, Quadrate bone, Quadratojugal bone, Rib cage, Saddle, ... Expand index (14 more) »
Anisian first appearances
Early Triassic ichthyosaurs
Early Triassic reptiles of Europe

Acoustic transmission

Acoustic transmission is the transmission of sounds through and between materials, including air, wall, and musical instruments.

See Phantomosaurus and Acoustic transmission

Amniote

Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.

See Phantomosaurus and Amniote

Anisian

In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from million years ago until million years ago.

See Phantomosaurus and Anisian

Articular bone

The articular bone is part of the lower jaw of most vertebrates, including most jawed fish, amphibians, birds and various kinds of reptiles, as well as ancestral mammals.

See Phantomosaurus and Articular bone

Articular process

The articular process or zygapophysis (+ apophysis) of a vertebra is a projection of the vertebra that serves the purpose of fitting with an adjacent vertebra.

See Phantomosaurus and Articular process

Atlas (anatomy)

In anatomy, the atlas (C1) is the most superior (first) cervical vertebra of the spine and is located in the neck.

See Phantomosaurus and Atlas (anatomy)

Besanosaurus (meaning) is a genus of Middle Triassic ichthyosaur from Monte San Giorgio of Italy and Switzerland, containing the single species B. leptorhynchus. Phantomosaurus and Besanosaurus are ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Besanosaurus

Bone canaliculus

Bone canaliculi are microscopic canals between the lacunae of ossified bone.

See Phantomosaurus and Bone canaliculus

Bony labyrinth

The bony labyrinth (also osseous labyrinth or otic capsule) is the rigid, bony outer wall of the inner ear in the temporal bone.

See Phantomosaurus and Bony labyrinth

Cartilage

Cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue.

See Phantomosaurus and Cartilage

Common carotid artery

In anatomy, the left and right common carotid arteries (carotids) are arteries that supply the head and neck with oxygenated blood; they divide in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries.

See Phantomosaurus and Common carotid artery

Cone

A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex.

See Phantomosaurus and Cone

Cymbospondylus

Cymbospondylus (meaning "cupped vertebrae") is an extinct genus of large ichthyosaurs, of which it is among the oldest representatives, that lived from the Lower to Middle Triassic in what are now North America and Europe. Phantomosaurus and Cymbospondylus are early Triassic ichthyosaurs, early Triassic reptiles of Europe and ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Cymbospondylus

Diapsid

Diapsids ("two arches") are a clade of sauropsids, distinguished from more primitive eureptiles by the presence of two holes, known as temporal fenestrae, in each side of their skulls.

See Phantomosaurus and Diapsid

Disarticulation

In medical terminology, disarticulation is the separation of two bones at their joint, either traumatically by way of injury or by a surgeon during arthroplasty or amputation.

See Phantomosaurus and Disarticulation

The facet joints (also zygapophysial joints, zygapophyseal, apophyseal, or Z-joints) are a set of synovial, plane joints between the articular processes of two adjacent vertebrae.

See Phantomosaurus and Facet joint

Femur

The femur (femurs or femora), or thigh bone is the only bone in the thigh.

See Phantomosaurus and Femur

Fibula

The fibula (fibulae or fibulas) or calf bone is a leg bone on the lateral side of the tibia, to which it is connected above and below.

See Phantomosaurus and Fibula

Fish

A fish (fish or fishes) is an aquatic, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fins and a hard skull, but lacking limbs with digits.

See Phantomosaurus and Fish

Flat bone

Flat bones are bones whose principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment.

See Phantomosaurus and Flat bone

Foramen

In anatomy and osteology, a foramen (foramina, or foramens) is an opening or enclosed gap within the dense connective tissue (bones and deep fasciae) of extant and extinct amniote animals, typically to allow passage of nerves, arteries, veins or other soft tissue structures (e.g. muscle tendon) from one body compartment to another.

See Phantomosaurus and Foramen

Foramen magnum

The foramen magnum (great hole) is a large, oval-shaped opening in the occipital bone of the skull.

See Phantomosaurus and Foramen magnum

Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

See Phantomosaurus and Germany

Hypoglossal nerve

The hypoglossal nerve, also known as the twelfth cranial nerve, cranial nerve XII, or simply CN XII, is a cranial nerve that innervates all the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue except for the palatoglossus, which is innervated by the vagus nerve.

See Phantomosaurus and Hypoglossal nerve

Ichthyosauria

Ichthyosauria (Ancient Greek for "fish lizard" – and) is an order of large extinct marine reptiles sometimes referred to as "ichthyosaurs", although the term is also used for wider clades in which the order resides.

See Phantomosaurus and Ichthyosauria

Ichthyosaurus

Ichthyosaurus (derived from Greek ἰχθύς (ichthys) meaning 'fish' and σαῦρος (sauros) meaning 'lizard') is a genus of ichthyosaurs from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian - Pliensbachian), with possible Late Triassic record, from Europe (Belgium, England, Germany, Switzerland, and Portugal). Phantomosaurus and Ichthyosaurus are ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Ichthyosaurus

Inner ear

The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear.

See Phantomosaurus and Inner ear

Jurassic

The Jurassic is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya.

See Phantomosaurus and Jurassic

Keel

The keel is the bottom-most longitudinal structural element on a watercraft.

See Phantomosaurus and Keel

Lift (force)

When a fluid flows around an object, the fluid exerts a force on the object.

See Phantomosaurus and Lift (force)

List of ichthyosauromorph genera

This list of ichthyosauromorphs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the clade Ichthyosauromorpha, excluding purely vernacular terms.

See Phantomosaurus and List of ichthyosauromorph genera

List of ichthyosauromorph type specimens

This list of ichthyosauromorph type specimens is a list of fossils serving as the official standard-bearers for inclusion in the species and genera of the reptile clade Ichthyosauromorpha (Hupehsuchia included).

See Phantomosaurus and List of ichthyosauromorph type specimens

Mandible

In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla).

See Phantomosaurus and Mandible

Membrane (disambiguation)

Membrane most commonly means a thin, selective barrier, but it is sometimes used for films that function as separators, like biological membranes.

See Phantomosaurus and Membrane (disambiguation)

Middle Triassic

In the geologic timescale, the Middle Triassic is the second of three epochs of the Triassic period or the middle of three series in which the Triassic system is divided in chronostratigraphy.

See Phantomosaurus and Middle Triassic

Muschelkalk

The Muschelkalk (German for "shell-bearing limestone"; calcaire coquillier) is a sequence of sedimentary rock strata (a lithostratigraphic unit) in the geology of central and western Europe.

See Phantomosaurus and Muschelkalk

Neurocranium

In human anatomy, the neurocranium, also known as the braincase, brainpan, or brain-pan, is the upper and back part of the skull, which forms a protective case around the brain.

See Phantomosaurus and Neurocranium

Occipital bone

The occipital bone is a cranial dermal bone and the main bone of the occiput (back and lower part of the skull).

See Phantomosaurus and Occipital bone

Occipital condyles

The occipital condyles are undersurface protuberances of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which function in articulation with the superior facets of the atlas vertebra.

See Phantomosaurus and Occipital condyles

Ophthalmosaurus

Ophthalmosaurus (Greek ὀφθάλμος ophthalmos 'eye' and σαῦρος sauros 'lizard') is a genus of ichthyosaur known from the Middle-Late Jurassic. Phantomosaurus and Ophthalmosaurus are ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Ophthalmosaurus

Ossification

Ossification (also called osteogenesis or bone mineralization) in bone remodeling is the process of laying down new bone material by cells named osteoblasts.

See Phantomosaurus and Ossification

Parietal bone

The parietal bones are two bones in the skull which, when joined at a fibrous joint known as a cranial suture, form the sides and roof of the neurocranium.

See Phantomosaurus and Parietal bone

Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy

In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.

See Phantomosaurus and Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy

Postorbital bone

The postorbital is one of the bones in vertebrate skulls which forms a portion of the dermal skull roof and, sometimes, a ring about the orbit.

See Phantomosaurus and Postorbital bone

Primitive (phylogenetics)

In phylogenetics, a primitive (or ancestral) character, trait, or feature of a lineage or taxon is one that is inherited from the common ancestor of a clade (or clade group) and has undergone little change since.

See Phantomosaurus and Primitive (phylogenetics)

Pterygoid bone

The pterygoid is a paired bone forming part of the palate of many vertebrates, behind the palatine bones.

See Phantomosaurus and Pterygoid bone

Quadrate bone

The quadrate bone is a skull bone in most tetrapods, including amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, birds), and early synapsids.

See Phantomosaurus and Quadrate bone

Quadratojugal bone

The quadratojugal is a skull bone present in many vertebrates, including some living reptiles and amphibians.

See Phantomosaurus and Quadratojugal bone

Rib cage

The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleton.

See Phantomosaurus and Rib cage

Saddle

A saddle is a supportive structure for a rider of an animal, fastened to an animal's back by a girth.

See Phantomosaurus and Saddle

Shastasaurus

Shastasaurus ("Mount Shasta lizard") is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Late Triassic. Phantomosaurus and Shastasaurus are ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Shastasaurus

Shonisaurus

Shonisaurus is a genus of very large ichthyosaurs. Phantomosaurus and Shonisaurus are ichthyosauromorph genera.

See Phantomosaurus and Shonisaurus

Skull

The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain.

See Phantomosaurus and Skull

Sound

In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.

See Phantomosaurus and Sound

Sphenoid bone

The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium.

See Phantomosaurus and Sphenoid bone

Stapes

The stapes or stirrup is a bone in the middle ear of humans and other animals which is involved in the conduction of sound vibrations to the inner ear.

See Phantomosaurus and Stapes

Surangular

The surangular or suprangular is a jaw bone found in most land vertebrates, except mammals.

See Phantomosaurus and Surangular

Temporal fenestra

Temporal fenestrae are openings in the temporal region of the skull of some amniotes, behind the orbit (eye socket).

See Phantomosaurus and Temporal fenestra

Tibia

The tibia (tibiae or tibias), also known as the shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outside of the tibia); it connects the knee with the ankle.

See Phantomosaurus and Tibia

Timeline of ichthyosaur research

This timeline of ichthyosaur research is a chronological listing of events in the history of paleontology focused on the ichthyosauromorphs, a group of secondarily aquatic marine reptiles whose later members superficially resembled dolphins, sharks, or swordfish.

See Phantomosaurus and Timeline of ichthyosaur research

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantomosaurus

Also known as Phantomosaurus neubigi, Shastasaurus neubigi.

, Shastasaurus, Shonisaurus, Skull, Sound, Sphenoid bone, Stapes, Surangular, Temporal fenestra, Tibia, Timeline of ichthyosaur research, Tooth, Triassic, Vertebra, Youngina.

Phantomosaurus, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Anisian first appearances

Early Triassic ichthyosaurs

Early Triassic reptiles of Europe

References