Phonology, the Glossary
Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phones or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs.[1]
Table of Contents
105 relations: -logy, Aṣṭādhyāyī, Accent (sociolinguistics), Alan Prince, Allomorph, Allophone, Alternation (linguistics), Ancient Greek, Antoni Dufriche-Desgenettes, Arabic, Articulatory gestures, Articulatory phonology, Aspirated consonant, Autosegmental phonology, Bengali language, Bleeding order, Cambridge University Press, Charles Reiss, Distinctive feature, E. F. K. Koerner, English phonology, Evolutionary phonology, Feature geometry, Feeding order, Ferdinand de Saussure, First language, Generative grammar, Glossematics, Government phonology, Gunnar Fant, Historical linguistics, Ibn Jinni, Intonation (linguistics), Jan Baudouin de Courtenay, John Goldsmith (linguist), John McCarthy (linguist), Jonathan Kaye (linguist), Kazan School, Laboratory phonology, Language, Langue and parole, Leonard Bloomfield, Lev Shcherba, Linguistic description, Linguistics, List of phonologists, Louis Havet, Louis Hjelmslev, Mark Hale, Michael Kenstowicz, ... Expand index (55 more) »
-logy
-logy is a suffix in the English language, used with words originally adapted from Ancient Greek ending in.
Aṣṭādhyāyī
The (अष्टाध्यायी) is a grammar that describes a form of an early Indo-Aryan language: Sanskrit.
Accent (sociolinguistics)
In sociolinguistics, an accent is a way of pronouncing a language that is distinctive to a country, area, social class, or individual. Phonology and accent (sociolinguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Accent (sociolinguistics)
Alan Prince
Alan Sanford Prince (born 1946) is a Board of Governors Professor Emeritus of Linguistics at Rutgers University-New Brunswick.
Allomorph
In linguistics, an allomorph is a variant phonetic form of a morpheme, or in other words, a unit of meaning that varies in sound and spelling without changing the meaning. Phonology and allomorph are linguistics terminology.
Allophone
In phonology, an allophone (from the Greek ἄλλος,, 'other' and φωνή,, 'voice, sound') is one of multiple possible spoken soundsor phonesused to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language.
Alternation (linguistics)
In linguistics, an alternation is the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization.
See Phonology and Alternation (linguistics)
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Phonology and Ancient Greek
Antoni Dufriche-Desgenettes
Antoni Dufriche-Desgenettes (26 February 1804, Paris – 19 December 1878, Saint-Mandé), baptized Antoine Marie Dufriche-Foulaines, was a French seafaring merchant, poet and amateur phonetician.
See Phonology and Antoni Dufriche-Desgenettes
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Articulatory gestures
Articulatory gestures are the actions necessary to enunciate language.
See Phonology and Articulatory gestures
Articulatory phonology
Articulatory phonology is a linguistic theory originally proposed in 1986 by Catherine Browman of Haskins Laboratories and Louis Goldstein of University of Southern California and Haskins.
See Phonology and Articulatory phonology
Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.
See Phonology and Aspirated consonant
Autosegmental phonology
Autosegmental phonology is a framework of phonological analysis proposed by John Goldsmith in his PhD thesis in 1976 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
See Phonology and Autosegmental phonology
Bengali language
Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা), is an Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family native to the Bengal region of South Asia.
See Phonology and Bengali language
Bleeding order
Bleeding order is a term used in phonology to describe specific interactions of phonological rules.
See Phonology and Bleeding order
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Phonology and Cambridge University Press
Charles Reiss
Charles Reiss is an American linguistics professor teaching at Concordia University in Montreal.
See Phonology and Charles Reiss
Distinctive feature
In linguistics, a distinctive feature is the most basic unit of phonological structure that distinguishes one sound from another within a language.
See Phonology and Distinctive feature
E. F. K. Koerner
Ernst Frideryk Konrad Koerner (5 February 1939 – 6 January 2022) was a German author, researcher, professor of linguistics, and historian of linguistics.
See Phonology and E. F. K. Koerner
English phonology
English phonology is the system of speech sounds used in spoken English.
See Phonology and English phonology
Evolutionary phonology
Evolutionary Phonology is an approach to phonology and historical linguistics, based on the idea that recurrent synchronic sound patterns, if not inherited from the mother tongue, are the result of recurrent sound changes, while rare patterns are the product of rare changes or a combination of independent changes.
See Phonology and Evolutionary phonology
Feature geometry
Feature geometry is a phonological theory which represents distinctive features as a structured hierarchy rather than a matrix or a set.
See Phonology and Feature geometry
Feeding order
In phonology and historical linguistics, feeding order of phonological rules refers to a situation in which the application of a rule A creates new contexts in which a rule B can apply; it would not have been possible for rule B to apply otherwise.
See Phonology and Feeding order
Ferdinand de Saussure
Ferdinand de Saussure (26 November 185722 February 1913) was a Swiss linguist, semiotician and philosopher.
See Phonology and Ferdinand de Saussure
First language
A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.
See Phonology and First language
Generative grammar
Generative grammar is a research tradition in linguistics that aims to explain the cognitive basis of language by formulating and testing explicit models of humans' subconscious grammatical knowledge.
See Phonology and Generative grammar
Glossematics
In linguistics, glossematics is a structuralist theory proposed by Louis Hjelmslev and Hans Jørgen Uldall.
See Phonology and Glossematics
Government phonology
Government Phonology (GP) is a theoretical framework of linguistics, and more specifically of phonology.
See Phonology and Government phonology
Gunnar Fant
Carl Gunnar Michael Fant (October 8, 1919 – June 6, 2009) was a leading researcher in speech science in general and speech synthesis in particular who spent most of his career as a professor at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm.
Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also termed diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of language change over time.
See Phonology and Historical linguistics
Ibn Jinni
Abū l-Fatḥ ʿUthmān ibn Jinnī, best known as Ibn Jinnī, was a specialist on Arabic grammar, a philologist, and a philosopher of language.
Intonation (linguistics)
In linguistics, intonation is the variation in pitch used to indicate the speaker's attitudes and emotions, to highlight or focus an expression, to signal the illocutionary act performed by a sentence, or to regulate the flow of discourse. Phonology and intonation (linguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Intonation (linguistics)
Jan Baudouin de Courtenay
Jan Niecisław Ignacy Baudouin de Courtenay, also Ivan Alexandrovich Baudouin de Courtenay (Иван Александрович Бодуэн де Куртенэ; 13 March 1845 – 3 November 1929) was a Polish linguist and Slavist, best known for his theory of the phoneme and phonetic alternations.
See Phonology and Jan Baudouin de Courtenay
John Goldsmith (linguist)
John Anton Goldsmith (born 1951) is the Edward Carson Waller Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago, with appointments in linguistics and computer science.
See Phonology and John Goldsmith (linguist)
John McCarthy (linguist)
John Joseph McCarthy (born 1953) is an American linguist and the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs at the University of Massachusetts Amherst since July 2017.
See Phonology and John McCarthy (linguist)
Jonathan Kaye (linguist)
Jonathan Kaye (born 1942) studied linguistics at Columbia University under Uriel Weinreich and Robert Austelitz, earning his Ph.D. in 1970.
See Phonology and Jonathan Kaye (linguist)
Kazan School
The Kazan School of phonology was an influential group of linguists in Kazan.
See Phonology and Kazan School
Laboratory phonology
Laboratory phonology is an approach to phonology that emphasizes the synergy between phonological theory and scientific experiments, including laboratory studies of human speech and experiments on the acquisition and productivity of phonological patterns.
See Phonology and Laboratory phonology
Language
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary.
Langue and parole
Langue and parole is a theoretical linguistic dichotomy distinguished by Ferdinand de Saussure in his Course in General Linguistics.
See Phonology and Langue and parole
Leonard Bloomfield
Leonard Bloomfield (April 1, 1887 – April 18, 1949) was an American linguist who led the development of structural linguistics in the United States during the 1930s and the 1940s.
See Phonology and Leonard Bloomfield
Lev Shcherba
Lev Vladimirovich Shcherba (commonly Scherba) (Russian: Лев Влади́мирович Ще́рба, Belarusian: Леў Уладзіміравіч Шчэрба; – December 26, 1944) was a Russian Empire and Soviet linguist and lexicographer specializing in phonetics and phonology.
See Phonology and Lev Shcherba
Linguistic description
In the study of language, description or descriptive linguistics is the work of objectively analyzing and describing how language is actually used (or how it was used in the past) by a speech community.
See Phonology and Linguistic description
Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language.
List of phonologists
The following is a list of some notable phonologists (scholars in the field of phonology).
See Phonology and List of phonologists
Louis Havet
Pierre Antoine Louis Havet (6 January 1849 – 26 January 1925) was a French Latinist and Hellenist, an expert on classical Greek and Latin poetry.
Louis Hjelmslev
Louis Trolle Hjelmslev (3 October 189930 May 1965) was a Danish linguist whose ideas formed the basis of the Copenhagen School of linguistics.
See Phonology and Louis Hjelmslev
Mark Hale
Mark Hale is an American linguistics professor now teaching at Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Michael Kenstowicz
Michael John Kenstowicz (born August 18, 1945) is an American linguist and professor of linguistics at MIT Department of Linguistics and Philosophy.
See Phonology and Michael Kenstowicz
Mikołaj Kruszewski
Mikołaj Habdank Kruszewski, (Russianized, Nikolay Vyacheslavovich Krushevsky, Никола́й Вячесла́вович Круше́вский) (December 18, 1851, Lutsk – November 12, 1887, Kazan) was a Polish linguist active in the Russian Empire, most significant as the co-inventor of the concept of the phoneme.
See Phonology and Mikołaj Kruszewski
Minimal pair
In phonology, minimal pairs are pairs of words or phrases in a particular language, spoken or signed, that differ in only one phonological element, such as a phoneme, toneme or chroneme, and have distinct meanings.
See Phonology and Minimal pair
MIT Press
The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Modality (semiotics)
In semiotics, a modality is a particular way in which information is to be encoded for presentation to humans, i.e. to the type of sign and to the status of reality ascribed to or claimed by a sign, text, or genre.
See Phonology and Modality (semiotics)
Monik Charette
Monik Charette (born 29 May 1957) is a French-Canadian linguist and phonologist who taught at SOAS the University of London, in the United Kingdom. She specializes in phonology, morphophonology, stress systems, vowel harmony, syllabic structure and word-structure, focusing on Altaic languages, Turkish, and French.
See Phonology and Monik Charette
Mora (linguistics)
A mora (plural morae or moras; often symbolized μ) is a basic timing unit in the phonology of some spoken languages, equal to or shorter than a syllable.
See Phonology and Mora (linguistics)
Morpheme
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful constituent of a linguistic expression. Phonology and morpheme are linguistics terminology.
Morphology (linguistics)
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, including the principles by which they are formed, and how they relate to one another within a language. Phonology and morphology (linguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Morphology (linguistics)
Morphophonology
Morphophonology (also morphophonemics or morphonology) is the branch of linguistics that studies the interaction between morphological and phonological or phonetic processes.
See Phonology and Morphophonology
Morris Halle
Morris Halle, Pinkowitz (July 23, 1923 – April 2, 2018), was a Latvian-born American linguist who was an Institute Professor, and later professor emeritus, of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
See Phonology and Morris Halle
Mosul
Mosul (al-Mawṣil,,; translit; Musul; Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate.
Neogrammarian
The Neogrammarians were a German school of linguists, originally at the University of Leipzig, in the late 19th century who proposed the Neogrammarian hypothesis of the regularity of sound change.
See Phonology and Neogrammarian
Nikolai Trubetzkoy
Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Trubetzkoy (p; 16 April 1890 – 25 June 1938) was a Russian linguist and historian whose teachings formed a nucleus of the Prague School of structural linguistics.
See Phonology and Nikolai Trubetzkoy
Noam Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American professor and public intellectual known for his work in linguistics, political activism, and social criticism.
See Phonology and Noam Chomsky
Optimality theory
In linguistics, optimality theory (frequently abbreviated OT) is a linguistic model proposing that the observed forms of language arise from the optimal satisfaction of conflicting constraints.
See Phonology and Optimality theory
Parameter
A parameter, generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when identifying the system, or when evaluating its performance, status, condition, etc.
Paul Smolensky
Paul Smolensky (born May 5, 1955) is Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of Cognitive Science at the Johns Hopkins University and a Senior Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, Redmond Washington.
See Phonology and Paul Smolensky
Pāṇini
(पाणिनि.) was a logician, Sanskrit philologist, grammarian, and revered scholar in ancient India, variously dated between the 7th and 4th century BCE.
Perception
Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.
Phone (phonetics)
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound or gesture, regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words.
See Phonology and Phone (phonetics)
Phoneme
In linguistics and specifically phonology, a phoneme is any set of similar phones (speech sounds) that is perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single distinct unit, a single basic sound, which helps distinguish one word from another. Phonology and phoneme are linguistics terminology.
Phonetics
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds or, in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. Phonology and Phonetics are linguistics terminology.
Phonological development
Phonological development refers to how children learn to organize sounds into meaning or language (phonology) during their stages of growth.
See Phonology and Phonological development
Phonological hierarchy
The phonological hierarchy describes a series of increasingly smaller regions of a phonological utterance, each nested within the next highest region.
See Phonology and Phonological hierarchy
Phonological rule
A phonological rule is a formal way of expressing a systematic phonological or morphophonological process in linguistics.
See Phonology and Phonological rule
Phonotactics
Phonotactics (from Ancient Greek "voice, sound" and "having to do with arranging") is a branch of phonology that deals with restrictions in a language on the permissible combinations of phonemes.
See Phonology and Phonotactics
Prague linguistic circle
The Prague school or Prague linguistic circle is a language and literature society.
See Phonology and Prague linguistic circle
Principle
A principle is a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of beliefs or behavior or a chain of reasoning.
Prosody (linguistics)
In linguistics, prosody is the study of elements of speech that are not individual phonetic segments (vowels and consonants) but which are properties of syllables and larger units of speech, including linguistic functions such as intonation, stress, and rhythm. Phonology and prosody (linguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Prosody (linguistics)
Psycholinguistics
Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the interrelation between linguistic factors and psychological aspects. Phonology and Psycholinguistics are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Psycholinguistics
Quebec French
Quebec French (français québécois), also known as Québécois French, is the predominant variety of the French language spoken in Canada.
See Phonology and Quebec French
Quechuan languages
Quechua, also called Runasimi ('people's language') in Southern Quechua, is an indigenous language family that originated in central Peru and thereafter spread to other countries of the Andes.
See Phonology and Quechuan languages
Roman Jakobson
Roman Osipovich Jakobson (Рома́н О́сипович Якобсо́н,; 18 July 1982) was a Russian-American linguist and literary theorist.
See Phonology and Roman Jakobson
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Second-language phonology
The phonology of second languages is different from the phonology of first languages in various ways.
See Phonology and Second-language phonology
Segment (linguistics)
In linguistics, a segment is "any discrete unit that can be identified, either physically or auditorily, in the stream of speech".
See Phonology and Segment (linguistics)
Semantics
Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning. Phonology and Semantics are linguistics terminology.
Shiva Sutras
The Śiva·sūtras, technically akṣara·samāmnāya, variously called, pratyāhāra·sūtrāṇi, varṇa·samāmnāya, etc., refer to a set of fourteen aphorisms devised as an arrangement of the sounds of Sanskrit for the purposes of grammatical exposition as carried out by the grammarian Pāṇini in the Aṣṭādhyāyī.
See Phonology and Shiva Sutras
Sign language
Sign languages (also known as signed languages) are languages that use the visual-manual modality to convey meaning, instead of spoken words.
See Phonology and Sign language
Société de Linguistique de Paris
The Société de Linguistique de Paris (established 1864) is the editing body of the ''BSL'' (Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique) journal.
See Phonology and Société de Linguistique de Paris
Sound
In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.
Speech perception
Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted, and understood.
See Phonology and Speech perception
Stress (linguistics)
In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is the relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence.
See Phonology and Stress (linguistics)
Syllable
A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds, typically made up of a syllable nucleus (most often a vowel) with optional initial and final margins (typically, consonants).
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Phonology and syntax are linguistics terminology.
Thai language
Thai,In ภาษาไทย| ''Phasa Thai'' or Central Thai (historically Siamese;Although "Thai" and "Central Thai" have become more common, the older term, "Siamese", is still used by linguists, especially when it is being distinguished from other Tai languages (Diller 2008:6).
See Phonology and Thai language
The Sound Pattern of English
The Sound Pattern of English (frequently referred to as SPE) is a 1968 work on phonology (a branch of linguistics) by Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle.
See Phonology and The Sound Pattern of English
Theoretical linguistics
Theoretical linguistics is a term in linguistics that, like the related term general linguistics, can be understood in different ways.
See Phonology and Theoretical linguistics
Tone (linguistics)
Tone is the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or to inflect words. Phonology and Tone (linguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Tone (linguistics)
Transcription (linguistics)
Transcription in the linguistic sense is the systematic representation of spoken language in written form.
See Phonology and Transcription (linguistics)
Underlying representation
In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have been applied to it.
See Phonology and Underlying representation
Variety (linguistics)
In sociolinguistics, a variety, also known as a lect or an isolect, is a specific form of a language or language cluster. Phonology and variety (linguistics) are linguistics terminology.
See Phonology and Variety (linguistics)
Vocabulary
A vocabulary (also known as a lexicon) is a set of words, typically the set in a language or the set known to an individual.
Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.
See Phonology and Wiley-Blackwell
Wolfgang U. Dressler
Wolfgang U. Dressler (born 22 December 1939) is an Austrian professor of linguistics at the University of Vienna.
See Phonology and Wolfgang U. Dressler
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonology
Also known as Fonology, History of phonology, Phonematics, Phonemics, Phonologic, Phonological, Phonological research, Phonological theory, Phonologically, Phonologies, Phonologist, Sound structure, Sound system (linguistics), Sound system of a language, Sound systems of languages, Spoken form.
, Mikołaj Kruszewski, Minimal pair, MIT Press, Modality (semiotics), Monik Charette, Mora (linguistics), Morpheme, Morphology (linguistics), Morphophonology, Morris Halle, Mosul, Neogrammarian, Nikolai Trubetzkoy, Noam Chomsky, Optimality theory, Parameter, Paul Smolensky, Pāṇini, Perception, Phone (phonetics), Phoneme, Phonetics, Phonological development, Phonological hierarchy, Phonological rule, Phonotactics, Prague linguistic circle, Principle, Prosody (linguistics), Psycholinguistics, Quebec French, Quechuan languages, Roman Jakobson, Sanskrit, Second-language phonology, Segment (linguistics), Semantics, Shiva Sutras, Sign language, Société de Linguistique de Paris, Sound, Speech perception, Stress (linguistics), Syllable, Syntax, Thai language, The Sound Pattern of English, Theoretical linguistics, Tone (linguistics), Transcription (linguistics), Underlying representation, Variety (linguistics), Vocabulary, Wiley-Blackwell, Wolfgang U. Dressler.