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Poll Tax of 1379, the Glossary

The Poll Tax of 1379 was granted to the King by the lords, commoners and clergy of England in order to finance the Hundred Years' War.^[1]

99 relations: Abbot, Advocate, Alderman, Anniversary, Apparitor, Archbishop of Canterbury, Archbishop of York, Archdeacon, Attorney at law, Bad Parliament, Baron, Barrister, Begging, Benefice, Bishop, Canon (title), Cathedral, Chancellor (ecclesiastical), Chaplain, Cheshire, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, City of London, Clergy, Collegiate church, Commander (order), Convent, Convocations of Canterbury and York, County Durham, Court of Common Pleas (England), Court of King's Bench (England), Curate, Dame, Dartmouth, Devon, Dean (Christianity), Domicile (law), Earl, England in the Middle Ages, Esquire, Farm (revenue leasing), Franklin (class), Friar, Gilbertine Order, Glebe, Groat (English coin), High sheriff, House of Commons, House of Lords, Hundred Years' War, Indulgence, Inn, ... Expand index (49 more) »
1379 in England
Taxation in medieval England

Abbot

Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the head of an independent monastery for men in various Western Christian traditions.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Abbot

Advocate

An advocate is a professional in the field of law.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Advocate

Alderman

An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions founded upon English law with similar officials existing in the Netherlands (wethouder) and Belgium (schepen).

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Alderman

Anniversary

An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded in a previous year, and may also refer to the commemoration or celebration of that event.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Anniversary

Apparitor

In ancient Rome, an apparitor (also spelled apparator in English, or shortened to paritor) was a civil servant whose salary was paid from the public treasury.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Apparitor

Archbishop of Canterbury

The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Archbishop of Canterbury

Archbishop of York

The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Archbishop of York

An archdeacon is a senior clergy position in the Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, St Thomas Christians, Eastern Orthodox churches and some other Christian denominations, above that of most clergy and below a bishop.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Archdeacon

Attorney at law

Attorney at law or attorney-at-law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is the preferred term for a practising lawyer in certain jurisdictions, including South Africa (for certain lawyers), Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and the United States.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Attorney at law

Bad Parliament

The Bad Parliament sat in England between 27 January and 2 March 1377.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Bad Parliament

Baron

Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Baron

Barrister

A barrister is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Barrister

Begging

Begging (also panhandling) is the practice of imploring others to grant a favor, often a gift of money, with little or no expectation of reciprocation.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Begging

Benefice

A benefice or living is a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Benefice

Bishop

A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Bishop

Canon (title)

Canon (translit) is a Christian title usually used to refer to a member of certain bodies in subject to an ecclesiastical rule.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Canon (title)

Cathedral

A cathedral is a church that contains the of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Cathedral

Chancellor (ecclesiastical)

Chancellor is an ecclesiastical title used by several quite distinct officials of some Christian churches.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Chancellor (ecclesiastical)

Chaplain

A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intelligence agency, embassy, school, labor union, business, police department, fire department, university, sports club), or a private chapel.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Chaplain

Cheshire

Cheshire is a ceremonial county in North West England.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Cheshire

Chief Baron of the Exchequer

The Chief Baron of the Exchequer was the first "baron" (meaning judge) of the English Exchequer of Pleas.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Chief Baron of the Exchequer

City of London

The City of London, also known as the City, is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the ancient centre, and constitutes, along with Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London and one of the leading financial centres of the world.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and City of London

Clergy

Clergy are formal leaders within established religions.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Clergy

Collegiate church

In Christianity, a collegiate church is a church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons, a non-monastic or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, headed by a dignitary bearing a title which may vary, such as dean or provost.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Collegiate church

Commander (order)

Commander (Commendatore; Commandeur; Komtur; Comendador; Comendador), or Knight Commander, is a title of honor prevalent in chivalric orders and fraternal orders.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Commander (order)

Convent

A convent is a community of monks, nuns, friars or religious sisters.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Convent

Convocations of Canterbury and York

The Convocations of Canterbury and York are the synodical assemblies of the bishops and clergy of each of the two provinces which comprise the Church of England.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Convocations of Canterbury and York

County Durham

County Durham, officially simply Durham (/ˈdʌrəm/), is a ceremonial county in North East England.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and County Durham

Court of Common Pleas (England)

The Court of Common Pleas, or Common Bench, was a common law court in the English legal system that covered "common pleas"; actions between subject and subject, which did not concern the king.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Court of Common Pleas (England)

Court of King's Bench (England)

The Court of King's Bench, formally known as The Court of the King Before the King Himself, was a court of common law in the English legal system.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Court of King's Bench (England)

Curate

A curate is a person who is invested with the nocat.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Curate

Dame

Dame is an honorific title and the feminine form of address for the honour of damehood in many Christian chivalric orders, as well as the British honours system and those of several other Commonwealth realms, such as Australia and New Zealand, with the masculine form of address being Sir.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Dame

Dartmouth, Devon

Dartmouth is a town and civil parish in the English county of Devon.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Dartmouth, Devon

Dean (Christianity)

A dean, in an ecclesiastical context, is a cleric holding certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Dean (Christianity)

Domicile (law)

In law and conflict of laws, domicile is relevant to an individual's "personal law", which includes the law that governs a person's status and their property.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Domicile (law)

Earl

Earl is a rank of the nobility in the United Kingdom.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Earl

England in the Middle Ages

England in the Middle Ages concerns the history of England during the medieval period, from the end of the 5th century through to the start of the early modern period in 1485.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and England in the Middle Ages

Esquire

Esquire (abbreviated Esq.) is usually a courtesy title.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Esquire

Farm (revenue leasing)

Farming or tax-farming is a technique of financial management in which the management of a variable revenue stream is assigned by legal contract to a third party and the holder of the revenue stream receives fixed periodic rents from the contractor.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Farm (revenue leasing)

Franklin (class)

In the Kingdom of England from the 12th to 15th centuries, a franklin was a member of a certain social class or rank.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Franklin (class)

Friar

A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Roman Catholic Church.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Friar

Gilbertine Order

The Gilbertine Order of Canons Regular was founded around 1130 by Saint Gilbert in Sempringham, Lincolnshire, where Gilbert was the parish priest.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Gilbertine Order

Glebe

Glebe (also known as church furlong, rectory manor or parson's close(s)) is an area of land within an ecclesiastical parish used to support a parish priest.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Glebe

Groat (English coin)

The groat is the traditional name of a defunct English and Irish silver coin worth four pence, and also a Scottish coin which was originally worth fourpence, with later issues being valued at eightpence and one shilling.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Groat (English coin)

High sheriff

A high sheriff is a ceremonial officer for each shrieval county of England and Wales and Northern Ireland or the chief sheriff of a number of paid sheriffs in U.S. states who outranks and commands the others in their court-related functions.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and High sheriff

House of Commons

The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and House of Commons

House of Lords

The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and House of Lords

Hundred Years' War

The Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Hundred Years' War

Indulgence

In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (from indulgeo, 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for (forgiven) sins".

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Indulgence

Inn

Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Inn

John IV, Duke of Brittany

John IV the Conqueror KG (in Breton Yann IV, in French Jean IV, and traditionally in English sources both John of Montfort and John V) (1339 – 1 November 1399), was Duke of Brittany and Count of Montfort from 1345 until his death and 7th Earl of Richmond from 1372 until his death.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and John IV, Duke of Brittany

John of Gaunt

John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399) was an English royal prince, military leader, and statesman.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and John of Gaunt

Jurat

The jurats are lay people in Guernsey and Jersey who act as judges of fact rather than law, though they preside over land conveyances and liquor licensing.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Jurat

Knight

A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church or the country, especially in a military capacity.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Knight

Knight Bachelor

The title of Knight Bachelor is the basic rank granted to a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry; it is a part of the British honours system.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Knight Bachelor

A knight banneret, sometimes known simply as banneret, was a medieval knight who led a company of troops during time of war under his own banner (which was square-shaped, in contrast to the tapering standard or the pennon flown by the lower-ranking knights) and was eligible to bear supporters in English heraldry.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Knight banneret

Knights Hospitaller

The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller, is a Catholic military order.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Knights Hospitaller

Laity

In religious organizations, the laity consists of all members who are not part of the clergy, usually including any non-ordained members of religious orders, e.g. a nun or a lay brother.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Laity

Lord Mayor of London

The Lord Mayor of London is the mayor of the City of London, England, and the leader of the City of London Corporation.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Lord Mayor of London

Lords Temporal

The Lords Temporal are secular members of the House of Lords, the upper house of the British Parliament.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Lords Temporal

Magnate

The term magnate, from the late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus, "great", means a man from the higher nobility, a man who belongs to the high office-holders or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities in Western Christian countries since the medieval period.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Magnate

Man-at-arms

A man-at-arms was a soldier of the High Medieval to Renaissance periods who was typically well-versed in the use of arms and served as a fully-armoured heavy cavalryman.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Man-at-arms

Manorialism

Manorialism, also known as seigneurialism, the manor system or manorial system, was the method of land ownership (or "tenure") in parts of Europe, notably France and later England, during the Middle Ages.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Manorialism

Master craftsman

Historically, a master craftsman or master tradesman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster) was a member of a guild.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Master craftsman

Mayor

In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Mayor

Mendicant

A mendicant (from mendicans, "begging") is one who practices mendicancy, relying chiefly or exclusively on alms to survive.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Mendicant

Merchandising

Merchandising is any practice which contributes to the sale of products to a retail consumer.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Merchandising

Merchant

A merchant is a person who trades in commodities produced by other people, especially one who trades with foreign countries.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Merchant

Minister (Christianity)

In Christianity, a minister is a person authorised by a church or other religious organization to perform functions such as teaching of beliefs; leading services such as weddings, baptisms or funerals; or otherwise providing spiritual guidance to the community.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Minister (Christianity)

Mitre

The mitre (Commonwealth English) (Greek: μίτρα 'headband' or 'turban') or miter (American English; see spelling differences) is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Mitre

Monastic grange

Monastic granges were outlying landholdings held by monasteries independent of the manorial system.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Monastic grange

Monk

A monk (from μοναχός, monachos, "single, solitary" via Latin monachus) is a man who is a member of a religious order and lives in a monastery.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Monk

Notary

A notary is a person authorised to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Notary

Parish

A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Parish

Parliament of England

The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Parliament of England

Peerage

A peerage is a legal system historically comprising various hereditary titles (and sometimes non-hereditary titles) in a number of countries, and composed of assorted noble ranks.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Peerage

Personal property

Personal property is property that is movable.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Personal property

Plymouth

Plymouth is a port city and unitary authority in Devon, South West England.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Plymouth

Prebendary

A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Prebendary

Precentor

A precentor is a person who helps facilitate worship.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Precentor

Prior (ecclesiastical)

Prior (or prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior in some religious orders.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Prior (ecclesiastical)

Proctor

Proctor (a variant of procurator) is a person who takes charge of, or acts for, another.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Proctor

Province of York

The Province of York, or less formally the Northern Province, is one of two ecclesiastical provinces making up the Church of England and consists of 12 dioceses which cover the northern third of England and the Isle of Man.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Province of York

Provost (religion)

A provost is a senior official in a number of Christian churches.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Provost (religion)

Quit-rent

Quit rent, quit-rent, or quitrent is a tax or land tax imposed on occupants of freehold or leased land in lieu of services to a higher landowning authority, usually a government or its assigns.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Quit-rent

Recluse

A recluse is a person who lives in voluntary seclusion and solitude.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Recluse

Rector (ecclesiastical)

A rector is, in an ecclesiastical sense, a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Rector (ecclesiastical)

Revenue service

A revenue service, revenue agency or taxation authority is a government agency responsible for the intake of government revenue, including taxes and sometimes non-tax revenue.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Revenue service

Serjeant-at-law

A Serjeant-at-Law (SL), commonly known simply as a Serjeant, was a member of an order of barristers at the English and Irish Bar.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Serjeant-at-law

Serjeanty

Under feudalism in France and England during the Middle Ages, tenure by serjeanty was a form of tenure in return for a specified duty other than standard knight-service.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Serjeanty

Social position is the position of an individual in a given society and culture.

See Poll Tax of 1379 and Social position

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poll_Tax_of_1379

, John IV, Duke of Brittany, John of Gaunt, Jurat, Knight, Knight Bachelor, Knight banneret, Knights Hospitaller, Laity, Lord Mayor of London, Lords Temporal, Magnate, Man-at-arms, Manorialism, Master craftsman, Mayor, Mendicant, Merchandising, Merchant, Minister (Christianity), Mitre, Monastic grange, Monk, Notary, Parish, Parliament of England, Peerage, Personal property, Plymouth, Prebendary, Precentor, Prior (ecclesiastical), Proctor, Province of York, Provost (religion), Quit-rent, Recluse, Rector (ecclesiastical), Revenue service, Serjeant-at-law, Serjeanty, Social position, Statute, Tariff, Tax assessment, Treasurer, Widow, Wife, Winchelsea, Wool.

Poll Tax of 1379, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1379 in England

Taxation in medieval England

References