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Portugal during World War II, the Glossary

At the start of World War II in 1939, the Portuguese Government announced on 1 September that the 550-year-old Anglo-Portuguese Alliance remained intact, but since the British did not seek Portuguese assistance, Portugal was free to remain neutral in the war and would do so.^[1]

171 relations: Actor, Adolf Hitler, Agostinho Lourenço, Aide-mémoire, Air base, Air Transport Command, Almada, American University Washington College of Law, Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373, António de Oliveira Salazar, Anti-submarine warfare, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Attack on Pearl Harbor, Augusto Isaac de Esaguy, Auschwitz concentration camp, Authoritarianism, Axis powers, Azores, Battle of Hong Kong, Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Timor, Bay of Biscay, Bernardino Machado, Blimp, Blue Division, BOAC Flight 777, Brazil, Buchenwald concentration camp, Calcutta Light Horse, Calouste Gulbenkian, Canary Islands, Cape St. Vincent, Cape Verde in World War II, Caritas Portugal, Carlos de Liz-Teixeira Branquinho, Carlos Sampaio Garrido, Carlton J. H. Hayes, Cascais, Christ the King (Almada), Cold War, Corporatism, Double agent, Douglas Veale, Edward VIII, Estado Novo (Portugal), Estoril, Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population during World War II, Exiles Memorial Center, ... Expand index (121 more) »
Military history of Portugal
Neutral states in World War II
Portugal in World War II

Actor

An actor or actress is a person who portrays a character in a production.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945.

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Agostinho Lourenço

Agostinho Lourenço da Conceição Pereira (5 September 1886 – 2 August 1964) was a Portuguese soldier, best known for founding and running the Portuguese political police under the Estado Novo.

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Aide-mémoire

Aide-mémoire ("memory aid") is a French loanword meaning "a memory-aid; a reminder or memorandum, especially a book or document serving this purpose".

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Air base

An airbase (stylised air base in American English), sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for the operation of military aircraft.

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Air Transport Command

Air Transport Command (ATC) was a United States Air Force unit that was created during World War II as the strategic airlift component of the United States Army Air Forces.

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Almada

Almada is a city and a municipality in Portugal, located on the southern margin of the Tagus River, on the opposite side of the river from Lisbon.

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American University Washington College of Law

The American University Washington College of Law (AUWCL or WCL) is the law school of American University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. It is located on the western side of Tenley Circle in the Tenleytown section of northwest Washington, D.C. The school is accredited by the American Bar Association and a member of the AALS.

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Anglo-Portuguese Alliance

The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance (or Aliança Luso-Inglesa, "Luso-English Alliance") is the oldest alliance that is still in force by political bilateral agreement.

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Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373

The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 was signed on 16 June 1373 between King Edward III of England and King Ferdinand I and Queen Leonor of Portugal.

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António de Oliveira Salazar

António de Oliveira Salazar (28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a Portuguese statesman, academic, and economist who served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.

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Anti-submarine warfare

Anti-submarine warfare (ASW, or in the older form A/S) is a branch of underwater warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, submarines, or other platforms, to find, track, and deter, damage, or destroy enemy submarines.

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Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Antoine Marie Jean-Baptiste Roger, Vicomte de Saint-Exupéry, known simply as Antoine de Saint-Exupéry ((29 June 1900;– 31 July 1944), was a French writer, poet, journalist and aviator. He received several prestigious literary awards for his novella The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince) and for his lyrical aviation writings, including Wind, Sand and Stars and Night Flight (Vol de nuit).

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Aristides de Sousa Mendes

Aristides de Sousa Mendes do Amaral e Abranches (July 19, 1885 – April 3, 1954) was a Portuguese consul during World War II.

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Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, in the United States, just before 8:00a.m. (local time) on Sunday, December 7, 1941.

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Augusto Isaac de Esaguy

right Augusto Isaac d’Esaguy (Faro, Portugal 1899 - 1961) was a Portuguese medical historian who headed the Portuguese Committee of Assistance to Jewish Refugees (Commisao Portuguesa de Assistencia aos Judeos Refugiados, "COMASSIS"), a Relief Committee for the German and Polish Refugees, established in 1933, that played a crucial role in helping Jewish refugees during World War II.

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Auschwitz concentration camp

Auschwitz concentration camp (also KL Auschwitz or KZ Auschwitz) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust.

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Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.

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Azores

The Azores (Açores), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (Região Autónoma dos Açores), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with Madeira).

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Battle of Hong Kong

The Battle of Hong Kong (8–25 December 1941), also known as the Defence of Hong Kong and the Fall of Hong Kong, was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in World War II.

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Battle of the Atlantic

The Battle of the Atlantic, the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, ran from 1939 to the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, covering a major part of the naval history of World War II.

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Battle of Timor

The Battle of Timor occurred in Portuguese Timor and Dutch Timor during the Second World War.

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Bay of Biscay

The Bay of Biscay is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea.

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Bernardino Machado

Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães, GCTE, GCL (28 March 1851, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – 29 April 1944, Porto, Portugal), was a Portuguese political figure, the third and eighth president of Portugal (1915–1917, 1925–1926).

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Blimp

A blimp (/blɪmp/), or non-rigid airship, is an airship (dirigible) without an internal structural framework or a keel.

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Blue Division

The 250th Infantry Division (250.), better known as the Blue Division (División Azul, Blaue Division), was a unit of volunteers from Francoist Spain operating from 1941 to 1944 within the German Army (Wehrmacht.) on the Eastern Front during World War II.

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BOAC Flight 777

BOAC Flight 777A was a KLM flight scheduled as a British Overseas Airways Corporation civilian airline flight from Portela Airport in Lisbon, Portugal to Whitchurch Airport near Bristol, England.

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Brazil

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and Latin America.

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Buchenwald concentration camp

Buchenwald (literally 'beech forest') was a Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937.

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Calcutta Light Horse

The Calcutta Light Horse was raised in 1872 and formed part of the Cavalry Reserve in the British Indian Army.

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Calouste Gulbenkian

Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian (Western Գալուստ Կիւլպէնկեան; 23 March 1869 – 20 July 1955), nicknamed "Mr Five Per Cent", was a British-Armenian businessman and philanthropist.

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Canary Islands

The Canary Islands (Canarias), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish region, autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.

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Cape St. Vincent

Cape St.

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Cape Verde in World War II

Cape Verde (also known as Cabo Verde) remained a Portuguese colony throughout World War II.

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Caritas Portugal

Caritas Portugal (Cáritas Portuguesa) is the official Catholic Church organization in Portugal for charity and social relief, instituted by the Portuguese Episcopal Conference.

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Carlos de Liz-Teixeira Branquinho

Alberto Carlos de Liz-Teixeira Branquinho (27 January 1902 – 1973) was a Portuguese diplomat credited with saving the lives of 1,000 Jews in Nazi-occupied Hungary during the Holocaust from Hungarian Fascists and the Nazis during the later stages of World War II, while serving as Portugal’s Chargé d'Affaires in Budapest in 1944.

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Carlos Sampaio Garrido

Carlos de Almeida Afonseca Sampaio Garrido (5 April 1883 – April 1960) was a Portuguese diplomat credited with saving the lives of approximately 1,000 Jews in Nazi-occupied Hungary while serving as Portugal's ambassador in Budapest between July and December 1944.

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Carlton J. H. Hayes

Carlton Joseph Huntley Hayes (May 16, 1882 – September 2, 1964) was an American historian, educator, diplomat, devout Catholic and academic.

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Cascais

Cascais is a town and municipality in the Lisbon District of Portugal, located on the Portuguese Riviera.

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Christ the King (Almada)

The Sanctuary of Christ the King (Santuário de Cristo Rei) is a Catholic monument and shrine dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ overlooking the city of Lisbon situated in Almada, in Portugal.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, that started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

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Corporatism

Corporatism is a political system of interest representation and policymaking whereby corporate groups, such as agricultural, labour, military, business, scientific, or guild associations, come together on and negotiate contracts or policy (collective bargaining) on the basis of their common interests.

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Double agent

In the field of counterintelligence, a double agent is an employee of a secret intelligence service for one country, whose primary purpose is to spy on a target organization of another country, but who is now spying on their own country's organization for the target organization.

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Douglas Veale

Sir Douglas Veale CBE (2 April 1891 – 27 September 1973) was a British civil servant and university administrator, who served as Registrar of the University of Oxford from 1930 to 1958.

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Edward VIII

Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972), later known as the Duke of Windsor, was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication in December of the same year.

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Estado Novo (Portugal)

The Estado Novo was the corporatist Portuguese state installed in 1933.

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Estoril

Estoril is a town in the civil parish of Cascais e Estoril of the Portuguese Municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera.

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Evacuation of the Gibraltarian civilian population during World War II

The British Government's decision to enforce a mass evacuation of the civilian population during the Second World War from the Crown colony of Gibraltar, in order to increase the strength of The Rock with more British Armed Forces personnel, meant that most Gibraltarians (some for up to ten years) were forced to be away from Gibraltar and did not have a place they considered to be home.

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Exiles Memorial Center

The Exiles Memorial Center (Espaço Memória dos Exílios) was located in Estoril, Portugal and housed a permanent exhibition of photographs, documentation and objects related to the history of refugees who stayed in the Cascais/Estoril area of Portugal during the period between 1936 and 1955.

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In international law, extraterritoriality or exterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations.

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Foreign relations of Portugal

Foreign relations of Portugal are linked with its historical role as a major player in the Age of Discovery and the holder of the now defunct Portuguese Empire.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.

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Francoist Spain

Francoist Spain (España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

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French protectorate in Morocco

The French protectorate in Morocco, also known as French Morocco, was the period of French colonial rule in Morocco that lasted from 1912 to 1956.

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Funchal

Funchal is the capital, largest city and the municipal seat of Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean.

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George William Rendel

Sir George William Rendel (23 February 1889 – 6 May 1979) was a British diplomat.

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German submarine U-108

U-108 may refer to one of the following German submarines.

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German submarine U-541

German submarine U-541 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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German submarine U-83 (1940)

German submarine U-83 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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Gibraltar

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory and city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean (Strait of Gibraltar).

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Gloster Gladiator

The Gloster Gladiator is a British biplane fighter.

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Goa

Goa is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats.

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Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company

The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is an American multinational tire manufacturer headquartered in Akron, Ohio.

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Great Britain

Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland and Wales.

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Hebdomadal Council

The Hebdomadal Council was the chief executive body for the University of Oxford from its establishment by the Oxford University Act 1854 until its replacement, in the Michaelmas term of 2000, by the new University Council.

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HIAS

HIAS (founded as the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society) is a Jewish American nonprofit organization that provides humanitarian aid and assistance to refugees.

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Ian Fleming

Ian Lancaster Fleming (28 May 1908 – 12 August 1964) was a British writer, best known for his postwar James Bond series of spy novels.

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Iberian Pact

The Iberian Pact (Pacto Ibérico) or Peninsular Pact, formally the Portuguese–Spanish Treaty of Friendship and Non-Aggression, was a non-aggression pact that was signed at Lisbon, just a few days before the end of the Spanish Civil War, on 17 March 1939 by Portuguese Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar, representing Portugal, and Ambassador Nicolás Franco, representing Spain.

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Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.

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Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria

Infanta Margarita of Spain, Duchess of Soria, 2nd Duchess of Hernani, Grandee of Spain (Margarita María de la Victoria Esperanza Jacoba Felicidad Perpetua de Todos los Santos de Borbón y Borbón; born 6 March 1939), is the younger sister of King Juan Carlos and aunt of the reigning King Felipe VI of Spain.

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Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal

Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal (Portuguese: Maria Antónia Adelaide Camila Carolina Eulália Leopoldina Sofia Inês Francisca de Assis e de Paula Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Gonzaga Gregória Bernardina Benedita Andrea; 28 November 1862 – 14 May 1959) was the seventh and last child of Miguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein.

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Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal

Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal (Maria Ana de Portugal; born Maria Ana do Carmo Henrique Teresa Adelaide Joana Carolina Inês Sofia Eulália Leopoldina Isabel Bernardina Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Francisca de Assis e de Paula Inácia Gonzaga; 13 July 1861 – 31 July 1942) was Grand Duchess of Luxembourg as the wife of Grand Duke William IV.

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Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz

Infanta Pilar of Spain, Duchess of Badajoz and Viscountess of La Torre (Spanish: María del Pilar Alfonsa Juana Victoria Luisa Ignacia y Todos los Santos de Borbón y Borbón; 30 July 1936 – 8 January 2020), sometimes known more simply as Pilar de Borbón, was the elder daughter of Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona and Princess María Mercedes of the Two Sicilies, and older sister of King Juan Carlos I.

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Infante Alfonso of Spain

Infante Alfonso of Spain (Don Alfonso Cristino Teresa Ángelo Francisco de Asís y Todos los Santos de Borbón y Borbón Dos-Sicilias; 3 October 1941 – 29 March 1956) was the younger brother of King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

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Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona

Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona (Juan Carlos Teresa Silverio Alfonso de Borbón y Battenberg; 20 June 1913 – 1 April 1993), was a claimant to the Spanish throne as Juan III.

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Interpol

The International Criminal Police Organization – INTERPOL (abbreviated as ICPO–INTERPOL), commonly known as Interpol (stylized in allcaps), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime control.

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James Bond

The James Bond series focuses on the titular character, a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections.

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Joint Chiefs of Staff

The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the United States Department of Defense, which advises the president of the United States, the secretary of defense, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council on military matters.

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Juan Carlos I

Juan Carlos I (Juan Carlos Alfonso Víctor María de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias, born 5 January 1938) is a member of the Spanish royal family who reigned as King of Spain from 22 November 1975 until his abdication on 19 June 2014.

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Juan Pujol García

Juan Pujol García (14 February 1912 – 10 October 1988), also known as Joan Pujol i García, was a Spanish spy who acted as a double agent loyal to Great Britain against Nazi Germany during World War II, when he relocated to Britain to carry out fictitious spying activities for the Germans.

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K-class blimp

The K-class blimp was a class of blimps (non-rigid airship) built by the Goodyear Aircraft Company of Akron, Ohio for the United States Navy.

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Kenitra

Kenitra (القُنَيْطَرَة, al-qunayṭara) is a city in northwestern Morocco.

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Lajes Field

Lajes Field or Lajes Air Base (Base Aérea das Lajes), officially designated Air Base No.

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Leslie Howard

Leslie Howard Steiner (3 April 18931 June 1943) was an English actor, director, producer and writer.

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Life (magazine)

Life is an American magazine published weekly from 1883 to 1972, as an intermittent "special" until 1978, a monthly from 1978 until 2000, and an online supplement since 2008.

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Limpet mine

A limpet mine is a type of naval mine attached to a target by magnets.

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Lisbon

Lisbon (Lisboa) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131 as of 2023 within its administrative limits and 2,961,177 within the metropolis.

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List of Adolf Hitler's directives

The following is a list of the Führer directives and Führer Orders issued by Adolf Hitler over the course of World War II.

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List of Portuguese military equipment of World War II

This is a list of Portuguese military equipment in use during World War II. Portugal during World War II and list of Portuguese military equipment of World War II are Portugal in World War II.

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Lockheed P-3 Orion

The Lockheed P-3 Orion is a four-engined, turboprop anti-submarine and maritime surveillance aircraft developed for the United States Navy and introduced in the 1960s.

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Luftwaffe

The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the Wehrmacht before and during World War II.

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Madeira

Madeira, officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (Região Autónoma da Madeira), is one of two autonomous regions of Portugal, the other being the Azores.

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Magnetic anomaly detector

A magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) is an instrument used to detect minute variations in the Earth's magnetic field.

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Maine

Maine is a state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Lower 48.

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Marshall Plan

The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts (script), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States.

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Mauthausen concentration camp

Mauthausen was a Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen (roughly east of Linz), Upper Austria.

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Member of parliament

A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district.

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MI6

The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence on foreign nationals in support of its Five Eyes partners.

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Mid-Atlantic gap

The Mid-Atlantic gap is a geographical term applied to an undefended area of the Atlantic Ocean during the Battle of the Atlantic in the Second World War.

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Moisés Bensabat Amzalak

Moisés Bensabat Amzalak (4 October 1892 - 6 June 1978) was a Portuguese scholar and economist.

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Monarchy of Spain

The monarchy of Spain or Spanish monarchy (Monarquía Española) is the constitutional form of government of Spain.

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Monsun Gruppe

The Gruppe Monsun or Monsoon Group was a force of German U-boats (submarines) that operated in the Pacific and Indian Oceans during World War II.

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Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)

The Nationalist faction (Bando nacional) or Rebel faction (Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939.

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NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.

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Naval Air Station South Weymouth

Naval Air Station South Weymouth was an operational United States Navy airfield from 1942 to 1997 in South Weymouth, Massachusetts.

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Naval Station Argentia

Naval Station Argentia is a former base of the United States Navy that operated from 1941 to 1994.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Neuengamme concentration camp

Neuengamme was a network of Nazi concentration camps in northern Germany that consisted of the main camp, Neuengamme, and more than 85 satellite camps.

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Neutral powers during World War II

The neutral powers were countries that remained neutral during World War II. Portugal during World War II and neutral powers during World War II are neutral states in World War II.

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Newfoundland and Labrador

Newfoundland and Labrador (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador; frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region.

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Non-belligerent

A non-belligerent is a person, a state, or other organization that does not fight in a given conflict.

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Normandy landings

The Normandy landings were the landing operations and associated airborne operations on 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during the Second World War.

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Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)

The military occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany began with the German annexation of the Sudetenland in 1938, continued with the creation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and by the end of 1944 extended to all parts of Czechoslovakia.

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Operation Alacrity

Operation Alacrity was the code name for a possible Allied seizure of Azores during World War II. Portugal during World War II and Operation Alacrity are Portugal in World War II.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Operation Creek

Operation Creek, also known as Operation Longshanks, was a covert military operation undertaken by Britain's Special Operations Executive in World War II on 9 March 1943.

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Operation Felix

Operation Felix (Unternehmen Felix) was the codename for a proposed German Wehrmacht. campaign to cross into Spain and to seize Gibraltar early in the Second World War.

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Operation Isabella

During World War II, Operation Isabella was a Nazi German plan to be put into effect after the collapse of the Soviet Union to secure bases in Spain and Portugal for the continuation of the strangulation of Great Britain. Portugal during World War II and Operation Isabella are Portugal in World War II.

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Oswald von Hoyningen-Huene

Oswald Theodor Freiherr von Hoyningen-Huene (born 29 July 1885 in Clarens, Switzerland; died on 26 August 1963 in Basel) was a German diplomat.

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Otto von Habsburg

Otto von Habsburg (Franz Joseph Otto Robert Maria Anton Karl Max Heinrich Sixtus Xaver Felix Renatus Ludwig Gaetan Pius Ignatius, Ferenc József Ottó Róbert Mária Antal Károly Max Heinrich Sixtus Xaver Felix Renatus Lajos Gaetan Pius Ignác; 20 November 1912 4 July 2011) was the last crown prince of Austria-Hungary from 1916 until the dissolution of the empire in November 1918.

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Pacific War

The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia–Pacific War or the Pacific Theater, was the theater of World War II that was fought in eastern Asia, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and Oceania.

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Patrol Wing

A Patrol Wing (PatWing) was a United States Navy aviation unit with the commander of a Patrol Wing known as the Commodore, the ComPatWing or COMPATWING.

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Pedro Teotónio Pereira

Pedro Teotónio Pereira (7 November 1902 – 14 November 1972) was a Portuguese politician and diplomat.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country located on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe, whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira.

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Portugal during World War I

The Kingdom of Portugal had been allied with England since 1373, and thus the Republic of Portugal was an ally of the United Kingdom.

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Portugal–Spain relations

Portugal and Spain enjoy a friendly relationship.

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Portuguese Empire

The Portuguese Empire (Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas or the Portuguese Colonial Empire, was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and later overseas territories, governed by the Kingdom of Portugal, and later the Republic of Portugal.

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Portuguese in Belgium

Portuguese in Belgium (also known as Portuguese-Belgians / Belgian-Portuguese Community or, in Portuguese, as Portugueses na Bélgica / Comunidade portuguesa na Bélgica / Luso-belgas) are the citizens or residents of Belgium whose ethnic origins lie in Portugal.

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Portuguese in Germany

Portuguese in Germany (Portugiesen in Deutschland) are citizens and residents of Germany who are of Portuguese descent.

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Portuguese in the Netherlands

Portuguese in the Netherlands (Portugezen in Nederland; Portugueses nos Países Baixos), also Portuguese Dutch (Portugese Nederlanders; Português neerlandês), Dutch Portuguese (Nederlandse Portugezen) or Luso-Dutch (Luso-neerlandês), are the citizens or residents of the Netherlands whose ethnic origins lie in Portugal.

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Portuguese India

The State of India (Estado da Índia), also referred as the Portuguese State of India (Estado Português da India, EPI) or simply Portuguese India (Índia Portuguesa), was a state of the Portuguese Empire founded six years after the discovery of a sea route to the Indian subcontinent by Vasco da Gama, a subject of the Kingdom of Portugal.

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Portuguese Macau

Macau (officially the Province of Macau from 1897 to 1976 and later the Autonomous Region of Macau from 1976 to 1999) was a Portuguese colony from the establishment of the first official Portuguese settlement of Macau in 1557 to its handover to China in 1999.

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Portuguese Timor

Portuguese Timor (Timor Português) was a colonial possession of Portugal that existed between 1702 and 1975.

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Prince Henry the Navigator

Dom Henrique of Portugal, Duke of Viseu (4 March 1394 – 13 November 1460), better known as Prince Henry the Navigator (Infante Dom Henrique, o Navegador), was a central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries and maritime expansion.

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Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies

Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (María de las Mercedes Cristina Genara Isabel Luisa Carolina Victoria y Todos los Santos de Borbón y Orléans; 23 December 1910 – 2 January 2000) was a member of the Spanish royal family and the mother of King Juan Carlos I.

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Registrar of the University of Oxford

The Registrar of the University of Oxford is one of the senior officials of the university.

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Righteous Among the Nations

Righteous Among the Nations (חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם) is a title used by Yad Vashem to describe people who, for various reasons, made an effort to assist victims, including Jews, who were being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust.

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Ronald Hugh Campbell

Sir Ronald Hugh Campbell (27 September 1883 – 15 November 1953) was a British diplomat who held several important positions including that of British ambassador to France from July 1939 to 22 June 1940, when the armistice between Germany and France was signed at Compiègne.

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Sachsenhausen concentration camp

Sachsenhausen or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg was a German Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 1936 until April 1945, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in May later that year.

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Santa Maria Island

Santa Maria is an island in the eastern group of the Azores archipelago (south of the island of São Miguel) and the southernmost island in the Azores.

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Sephardic Jews in the Netherlands

The community of Sephardic Jews in the Netherlands, particularly in Amsterdam, was of major importance in the seventeenth century.

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South China Sea raid

The South China Sea raid (designated Operation Gratitude) was an operation conducted by the United States Third Fleet between 10 and 20 January 1945 during the Pacific War of World War II.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Spain

Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.

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Spanish and Portuguese Jews

Spanish and Portuguese Jews, also called Western Sephardim, Iberian Jews, or Peninsular Jews, are a distinctive sub-group of Sephardic Jews who are largely descended from Jews who lived as New Christians in the Iberian Peninsula during the few centuries following the forced expulsion of unconverted Jews from Spain in 1492 and from Portugal in 1497.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española) was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists.

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Special Operations Executive

Special Operations Executive (SOE) was a British organisation formed in 1940 to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in German-occupied Europe and to aid local resistance movements during World War II.

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State Surveillance and Defense Police

The State Surveillance and Defense Police (Polícia de Vigilância e Defesa do Estado) (PVDE) was a police force of the Portuguese State, which operated between 1933 and 1945.

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Terceira Island

Terceira is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago, about a third of the way across the North Atlantic Ocean at a similar latitude to Portugal's capital Lisbon, and the island group is an insular part of Portugal.

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The Holocaust

The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.

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Tungsten

Tungsten (also called wolfram) is a chemical element; it has symbol W and atomic number 74.

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U-boat

U-boats were naval submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars.

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Umberto II of Italy

Umberto II (15 September 190418 March 1983) was the last King of Italy.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

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United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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United States Air Force

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States.

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United States Armed Forces

The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States.

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United States Army Air Forces

The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF) was the major land-based aerial warfare service component of the United States Army and de facto aerial warfare service branch of the United States during and immediately after World War II (1941–1947).

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United States color-coded war plans

During the 1920s and 1930s, the United States Armed Forces developed a number of color-coded war plans that outlined potential U.S. strategies for a variety of hypothetical war scenarios.

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University of Coimbra

The University of Coimbra (UC; Universidade de Coimbra) is a public research university in Coimbra, Portugal.

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Viriatos

Viriatos, named after the Lusitanian leader Viriathus, was the generic name given to Portuguese volunteers who fought with the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War.

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War Plan Gray

War Plan Gray was a plan for the United States to invade the Azores Islands in 1940–41 given the possibility of Germany seizing the islands. Portugal during World War II and war Plan Gray are Portugal in World War II.

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Weeksville, North Carolina

Weeksville is an unincorporated community in Pasquotank County, North Carolina, United States.

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West Africa

West Africa, or Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom Overseas Territory).Paul R.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_II

Also known as Portugal in World War II, World War II in Portugal.

, Extraterritoriality, Foreign relations of Portugal, Francisco Franco, Francoist Spain, Franklin D. Roosevelt, French protectorate in Morocco, Funchal, George William Rendel, German submarine U-108, German submarine U-541, German submarine U-83 (1940), Gibraltar, Gloster Gladiator, Goa, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, Great Britain, Hebdomadal Council, HIAS, Ian Fleming, Iberian Pact, Iberian Peninsula, Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria, Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal, Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal, Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz, Infante Alfonso of Spain, Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona, Interpol, James Bond, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Juan Carlos I, Juan Pujol García, K-class blimp, Kenitra, Lajes Field, Leslie Howard, Life (magazine), Limpet mine, Lisbon, List of Adolf Hitler's directives, List of Portuguese military equipment of World War II, Lockheed P-3 Orion, Luftwaffe, Madeira, Magnetic anomaly detector, Maine, Marshall Plan, Massachusetts, Mauthausen concentration camp, Member of parliament, MI6, Mid-Atlantic gap, Moisés Bensabat Amzalak, Monarchy of Spain, Monsun Gruppe, Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), NATO, Naval Air Station South Weymouth, Naval Station Argentia, Nazi Germany, Neuengamme concentration camp, Neutral powers during World War II, Newfoundland and Labrador, Non-belligerent, Normandy landings, Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945), Operation Alacrity, Operation Barbarossa, Operation Creek, Operation Felix, Operation Isabella, Oswald von Hoyningen-Huene, Otto von Habsburg, Pacific War, Patrol Wing, Pedro Teotónio Pereira, Portugal, Portugal during World War I, Portugal–Spain relations, Portuguese Empire, Portuguese in Belgium, Portuguese in Germany, Portuguese in the Netherlands, Portuguese India, Portuguese Macau, Portuguese Timor, Prince Henry the Navigator, Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Registrar of the University of Oxford, Righteous Among the Nations, Ronald Hugh Campbell, Sachsenhausen concentration camp, Santa Maria Island, Sephardic Jews in the Netherlands, South China Sea raid, Soviet Union, Spain, Spanish and Portuguese Jews, Spanish Civil War, Special Operations Executive, State Surveillance and Defense Police, Terceira Island, The Holocaust, Tungsten, U-boat, Umberto II of Italy, United Kingdom, United States, United States Air Force, United States Armed Forces, United States Army Air Forces, United States color-coded war plans, University of Coimbra, Viriatos, War Plan Gray, Weeksville, North Carolina, West Africa, William Colepaugh, Winston Churchill, World War II, Zita of Bourbon-Parma.

Portugal during World War II, the Glossary

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