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Principles of Islamic jurisprudence, the Glossary

Principles of Islamic jurisprudence (translit) are traditional methodological principles used in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) for deriving the rulings of Islamic law (sharia).^[1]

99 relations: 'Aql, Abdollah Javadi Amoli, Abu Hanifa, Abu Yusuf, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Akhbari, Al-Baqillani, Al-Ghazali, Al-Layth ibn Sa'd, Al-Qadi Abd al-Jabbar, Al-Qadi al-Nu'man, Al-Qurtubi, Al-Risala (al-Shafi'i book), Al-Sarakhsi, Al-Shafi'i, Ash'arism, Bernard G. Weiss, Brill Publishers, Cambridge University Press, Charles Kurzman, Chicago, Chiragh Ali, Companions of the Prophet, Dawud al-Zahiri, Devin J. Stewart, Faqīh, Fard, Fiqh, H. Patrick Glenn, Hadith, Halal, Hanafi school, Hanbali school, Haram, Ibadi Islam, Ibn Mubarak, Ibn Taymiyya, Ijma, Ijtihad, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Isma'ilism, Istihsan, Istishab, Istislah, Ja'far al-Sadiq, Ja'fari school, Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi, Leiden, London, Madhhab, ... Expand index (49 more) »

'Aql

Aql (lit) is an Arabic term used in Islamic philosophy and theology for the intellect or the rational faculty of the soul that connects humans to God. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and 'Aql are Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic terminology.

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Abdollah Javadi Amoli

Abdollah Javadi Amoli (عبدالله جوادی آملی; born) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja.

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Abu Hanifa

Abu Hanifa (translit; September 699–767) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, ascetic,Pakatchi, Ahmad and Umar, Suheyl, "Abū Ḥanīfa", in: Encyclopaedia Islamica, Editors-in-Chief: Wilferd Madelung and, Farhad Daftary.

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Abu Yusuf

Ya'qub ibn Ibrahim al-Ansari, better known as Abu Yusuf (Abū Yūsuf) (729–798) was a student of jurist Abu Hanifa (d.767) who helped spread the influence of the Hanafi school of Islamic law through his writings and the government positions that he held.

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Ahmad ibn Hanbal

Ahmad ibn Hanbal (translit; November 780 – 2 August 855) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, traditionist, ascetic and eponym of the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence—one of the four major orthodox legal schools of Sunni Islam.

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Akhbari

Akhbarism (translit) is a minority school of Twelver Shia Islam.

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Al-Baqillani

Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Ṭayyib al-Bāqillānī (أَبُو بَكْر مُحَمَّد بْن ٱلطَّيِّب ٱلْبَاقِلَّانِيّ; 950 – 5 June 1013), was a Sunni Muslim scholar and polymath who specialized in speculative theology, jurisprudence, logic, and hadith.

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Al-Ghazali

Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭūsiyy al-Ghazali (أَبُو حَامِد مُحَمَّد بْن مُحَمَّد ٱلطُّوسِيّ ٱلْغَزَّالِيّ), known commonly as Al-Ghazali (ٱلْغَزَالِيُّ;,; – 19 December 1111), known in Medieval Europe by the Latinized Algazelus or Algazel, was a Persian Sunni Muslim polymath.

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Al-Layth ibn Sa'd

Al-Layth ibn Saʿd ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Fahmī al-Qalqashandī (الليث بن سعد بن عبد الرحمن الفهمي القلقشندي) was the chief representative, imam, and eponym of the Laythi school of Islamic Jurisprudence.

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Al-Qadi Abd al-Jabbar

Abu al-Hasan ʿAbd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad ibn Khalil ibn ʿAbdallah al-Hamadani al-Asadabadi (935 CE – 1025 CE) was an Islamic jurist and hadith scholar who is remembered as the Qadi al-Qudat (Chief Magistrate) of the Buyid dynasty and the last great scholar of the Mu'tazilite school of Islamic theology, and a reported follower of the Shafi‘i school.

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Al-Qadi al-Nu'man

Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Manṣūr ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥayyūn al-Tamīmiyy (النعمان بن محمد بن منصور بن أحمد بن حيون التميمي, generally known as al-Qāḍī al-Nu‘mān (القاضي النعمان) or as ibn Ḥayyūn (ابن حيون) (died 974 CE/363 AH) was an Isma'ili jurist and the official historian of the Fatimid Caliphate.

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Al-Qurtubi

Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abī Bakr al-Anṣārī al-Qurṭubī (أبو عبدالله القرطبي) (121429 April 1273) was an Andalusian Sunni Muslim polymath, Maliki jurisconsult, mufassir, muhaddith and an expert in the Arabic language.

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Al-Risala (al-Shafi'i book)

The Risāla by ash-Shafi'i (d. 820), full title Kitab ar-Risāla fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh (كتاب الرسالة في أصول الفقه. "book of the communication on the foundations of comprehension (i.e. Islamic jurisprudence)") is a seminal text on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and al-Risala (al-Shafi'i book) are Islamic jurisprudence and Sharia.

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Al-Sarakhsi

Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Abi Sahl Abu Bakr al-Sarakhsi (محمد بن احمد بن ابي سهل ابو بكر السرخسي), was a Persian jurist and also an Islamic scholar of the Hanafi school of thought.

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Al-Shafi'i

Al-Shafi'i (translit;;767–820 CE) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Islamic jurisprudence.

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Ash'arism

Ash'arism (translit) is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari, a Shāfiʿī jurist, reformer (mujaddid), and scholastic theologian, in the 9th–10th century.

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Bernard G. Weiss

Bernard G. Weiss (10 August 1933 – 8 February 2018) was a professor of languages and literature at the University of Utah.

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Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Charles Kurzman

Charles Kurzman is a professor of sociology at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill who specializes in Middle East and Islamic studies.

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Chicago

Chicago is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States.

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Chiragh Ali

Moulví Cherágh Ali (1844–1895) (also spelled Chirágh) was an Indian Muslim scholar of the late 19th century.

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Companions of the Prophet

The Companions of the Prophet (lit) were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime, while being a Muslim and were physically in his presence. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Companions of the Prophet are Islamic terminology.

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Dawud al-Zahiri

Dāwūd ibn ʿAlī ibn Khalaf al-Ẓāhirī (دَاوُدُ بنُ عَلِيِّ بنِ خَلَفٍ الظَّاهِرِيُّ; 815–883 CE / 199–269 AH) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian during the Islamic Golden Age, specialized in the study of Islamic law (sharīʿa) and the fields of hermeneutics, biographical evaluation, and historiography of early Islam.

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Devin J. Stewart

Devin J. Stewart is a professor of Islamic studies and Arabic language and literature.

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Faqīh

A faqīh (fuqahā, فقيه;: &rlm;فقهاء&lrm) is an Islamic jurist, an expert in fiqh, or Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic Law. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and faqīh are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Fard

(فرض) or (فريضة) or fardh in Islam is a religious duty commanded by God.

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Fiqh

Fiqh (فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Fiqh are Islamic jurisprudence.

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H. Patrick Glenn

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Hadith

Hadith (translit) or Athar (أثر) is a form of Islamic oral tradition containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the prophet Muhammad. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Hadith are Islamic terminology and Sharia.

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Halal

Halal (حلال) is an Arabic word that translates to in English. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Halal are Islamic terminology.

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Hanafi school

The Hanafi school or Hanafism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Hanbali school

The Hanbali school or Hanbalism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Haram

Haram (حَرَام) is an Arabic term meaning 'forbidden'.

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Ibadi Islam

The Ibadi movement or Ibadism (al-ʾIbāḍiyya) is a branch inside Islam, which many believe is descended from the Kharijites.

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Ibn Mubarak

Ibn Mubarak is a surname.

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Ibn Taymiyya

Ibn Taymiyya (ٱبْن تَيْمِيَّة; 22 January 1263 – 26 September 1328)Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al-Din Ahmad, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam.

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Ijma

Ijma (lit) is an Arabic term referring to the consensus or agreement of the Islamic community on a point of Islamic law. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Ijma are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Ijtihad

Ijtihad (اجتهاد) is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Ijtihad are Islamic jurisprudence.

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International Journal of Middle East Studies

The International Journal of Middle East Studies is a scholarly journal published by the Middle East Studies Association of North America (MESA), a learned society.

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Isma'ilism

Isma'ilism (translit) is a branch or sect of Shia Islam.

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Istihsan

(Arabic) is an Arabic term for juristic discretion. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Istihsan are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Istishab

Istiṣḥāb (استصحاب) is an Islamic term used in the jurisprudence to denote the principle of the presumption of continuity. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Istishab are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Istislah

Istislah (Arabic: استصلاح) is a method employed by Islamic jurists to solve problems that find no clear answer in sacred religious texts.

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Ja'far al-Sadiq

Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq (translit; –765 CE) was a Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian, and the sixth imam of the Twelver and Isma'ili branches of Shia Islam.

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Ja'fari school

The Jaʿfarī school, also known as the Jafarite school, Jaʿfarī fiqh (الفقه الجعفري) or Ja'fari jurisprudence, is a prominent school of jurisprudence (fiqh) within Twelver and Ismaili (including Nizari) Shia Islam, named after the sixth Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq.

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Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi

Jamāl al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn al-Ḥasan al-Umawī al-Qurashī al-Isnawī al-Shāfiʿī al-Miṣrī (جمال الدين أبو محمد عبد الرحيمالحسن الأموي القرشي الإسنوي الشافعي), commonly known as Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi, was a Sunni Egyptian scholar who specialized in the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, legal theory, Qu'ran exegesis, and Arabic grammar.

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Leiden

Leiden (in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands.

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London

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.

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Madhhab

A madhhab (way to act,, pl. label) refers to any school of thought within Islamic jurisprudence. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and madhhab are Islamic jurisprudence and Sharia.

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Majid Khadduri

Majid Khadduri (مجيد خدوري; September 27, 1909 – January 25, 2007) was an Iraqi–born academic.

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Makruh

In Islamic terminology, something which is makruh or makrooh (مكروه, transliterated: makrooh or makrūh) is "disliked", literally "detestable" or "abominable". Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and makruh are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Malik ibn Anas

Malik ibn Anas (translit; –795) was an Islamic scholar and traditionalist who is the eponym of the Maliki school, one of the four schools of Islamic jurisprudence in Sunni Islam.

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Maliki school

The Maliki school or Malikism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Maslaha

Maslaha or maslahah (مصلحة) is a concept in Sharia (Islamic divine law) regarded as a basis of law. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and maslaha are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Medina

Medina, officially Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah, is the capital of Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia.

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Mohammed al-Ghazali

Sheikh Mohammed al-Ghazali al-Saqqa (1917–1996) (الشيخ محمد الغزالي السقا.) was an Islamic scholar whose writings "have influenced generations of Egyptians".

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Mu'tazilism

Mu'tazilism (translit, singular translit) was an Islamic sect that appeared in early Islamic history and flourished in Basra and Baghdad.

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Mubah

Mubāḥ (Arabic: مباح) is an Arabic word roughly meaning "permitted", which has technical uses in Islamic law.

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Muhammad

Muhammad (570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.

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Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr

Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (translit; 1 March 1935 – 9 April 1980), also known as al-Shahid al-Khamis (lit), was an Iraqi Islamic scholar, philosopher, and the ideological founder of the Islamic Dawa Party, born in al-Kadhimiya, Iraq.

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Muhammad Baqir Behbahani

Muhammad Baqir ibn Muhammad Akmal al-Wahid Bihbahani, also Vahid Behbahani (1706–1791), was a Twelver Shia Islamic scholar.

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Muhammad Shaybani

Muhammad Shaybani Khan (– 2 December 1510) was an Uzbek leader who consolidated various Uzbek tribes and laid the foundations for their ascendance in Transoxiana and the establishment of the Khanate of Bukhara.

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Murtadha al-Ansari

Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Murtadha al-Ansari al-Tostari (1781–1864), (مرتضی الأنصاري التستري; مرتضی انصاری شوشتری), also transliterated as Mortaza Ansari Shushtari, was a Shia jurist who "was generally acknowledged as the most eminent jurist of the time." Ansari has also been called the "first effective" model or Marja of the ShiaMottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet, (2000), p.

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Mustahabb

Mustahabb is an Islamic term referring to an action or thing that is recommended and favoured. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Mustahabb are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Naskh (tafsir)

Naskh (نسخ) is an Arabic word usually translated as "abrogation". Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Naskh (tafsir) are Islamic terminology.

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New York City

New York, often called New York City (to distinguish it from New York State) or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Qiyas

In Islamic jurisprudence, qiyas (قياس) is the process of deductive analogy in which the teachings of the hadith are compared and contrasted with those of the Quran, in order to apply a known injunction (nass) to a new circumstance and create a new injunction. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and qiyas are Islamic jurisprudence.

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Quran

The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah). Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Quran are Islamic terminology.

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Rashid Rida

Muhammad Rashid Rida (translit; 1865–1935) was an Islamic scholar, reformer, theologian and revivalist.

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Reuben Levy

Reuben Levy (28 April 1891 – 6 September 1966) was Professor of Persian at the University of Cambridge.

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Salafi movement

The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, which was formed as a socio-religious movement during the late 19th century and has remained influential in the Islamic world for over a century.

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Sayf al-Din al-Amidi

Sayf al-Din al-Amidi or Muhammad al-Amidi (b. 1156; Diyarbakır - d. 1233 in Damascus) was a Kurdish influential jurist.

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Shafi'i school

The Shafi'i school or Shafi'ism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Shah Abdul Hannan

Shah Abdul Hannan (শাহ আবদুল হান্নান; 23 September 1939 – 2 June 2021) was a Bangladeshi Islamic philosopher, writer, economist, educator and media personality.

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Sharia

Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and Sharia are Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic terminology.

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Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

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Sources of Sharia

Various sources of Islamic Laws are used by Islamic jurisprudence to elaborate the body of Islamic law. Principles of Islamic jurisprudence and sources of Sharia are Islamic jurisprudence and Sharia.

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Sufyan al-Thawri

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza al-Thawrī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ; 716–778 CE / 97–161 AH), commonly known as Sufyān al-Thawrī (سُفْيَان ٱلثَّوْرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, ascetic, traditionist, and eponymous founder of the Thawri school of Islamic jurisprudence, considered one of the Eight Ascetics.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Islamic_jurisprudence

Also known as Islamic legislation, Usul Al-Fiqh, Usul al fiqh, Uṣūl al-fiqh.

, Majid Khadduri, Makruh, Malik ibn Anas, Maliki school, Maslaha, Medina, Mohammed al-Ghazali, Mu'tazilism, Mubah, Muhammad, Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir Behbahani, Muhammad Shaybani, Murtadha al-Ansari, Mustahabb, Naskh (tafsir), New York City, Oxford University Press, Qiyas, Quran, Rashid Rida, Reuben Levy, Salafi movement, Sayf al-Din al-Amidi, Shafi'i school, Shah Abdul Hannan, Sharia, Shia Islam, Sources of Sharia, Sufyan al-Thawri, Sufyan ibn ʽUyaynah, Sunnah, Sunni Islam, Tafsir, Taqlid, Tasnim, Twelve Imams, Twelver Shi'ism, Ulama, Ummah, University of Chicago Press, University of Pennsylvania, Usulism, Wael Hallaq, Wahhabism, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Zahiri school, Zaydism, 73 Sects (Hadith).

Principles of Islamic jurisprudence, the Glossary

Table of Contents

References