Psychology of religion, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 220 relations: Abraham, Adaptationism, Agent detection, Agnosticism, Alfred Adler, Allen Bergin, American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, Angst, Anthropomorphism, Attachment theory and psychology of religion, Auditory hallucination, Augustine of Hippo, Behaviorism, Belgium, Belief, Bible, Bipolar disorder, Bowling Green State University, Branch Davidians, Buddhism, Candler School of Theology, Carl Jung, Carl Rogers, Catharsis, Catholic Church, Cengage Group, Chaplain, Christians, Church (congregation), Church attendance, Clergy, Clinical psychology, Cognition, Cognitive psychology, Cognitive science, Collective unconscious, Comparative mythology, Comparative religion, Conformity, Consciousness, Conversion therapy, Coping, Cult, Dan Sperber, Daniel Batson, David Koresh, Deity, Delusional disorder, Developmental psychology, ... Expand index (170 more) »

2. Religion and mental health

Abraham

Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

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Adaptationism

Adaptationism is a scientific perspective on evolution that focuses on accounting for the products of evolution as collections of adaptive traits, each a product of natural selection with some adaptive rationale or raison d'etre.

See Psychology of religion and Adaptationism

Agent detection

Agent detection is the inclination for animals, including humans, to presume the purposeful intervention of a sentient or intelligent agent in situations that may or may not involve one.

See Psychology of religion and Agent detection

Agnosticism

Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, the divine, or the supernatural is either unknowable in principle or currently unknown in fact.

See Psychology of religion and Agnosticism

Alfred Adler

Alfred Adler (7 February 1870 – 28 May 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology.

See Psychology of religion and Alfred Adler

Allen Bergin

Allen Eric Bergin (born in Spokane, Washington, August 4, 1934) is a clinical psychologist known for his research on psychotherapy outcomes and on integrating psychotherapy and religion.

See Psychology of religion and Allen Bergin

American Psychiatric Association

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world.

See Psychology of religion and American Psychiatric Association

American Psychological Association

The American Psychological Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychologists in the United States, and the largest psychological association in the world.

See Psychology of religion and American Psychological Association

Angst

Angst is fear or anxiety (anguish is its Latinate equivalent, and the words anxious and anxiety are of similar origin).

See Psychology of religion and Angst

Anthropomorphism

Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities.

See Psychology of religion and Anthropomorphism

Attachment theory and psychology of religion

Attachment theory and psychology of religion research explores the ways that a belief in God can fulfill the criteria of an attachment figure and examines how individual differences in attachment lead to correspondence or compensation pathways.

See Psychology of religion and Attachment theory and psychology of religion

Auditory hallucination

An auditory hallucination, or paracusia, is a form of hallucination that involves perceiving sounds without auditory stimulus.

See Psychology of religion and Auditory hallucination

Augustine of Hippo

Augustine of Hippo (Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.

See Psychology of religion and Augustine of Hippo

Behaviorism

Behaviorism (also spelled behaviourism) is a systematic approach to understand the behavior of humans and other animals.

See Psychology of religion and Behaviorism

Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.

See Psychology of religion and Belgium

Belief

A belief is a subjective attitude that a proposition is true or a state of affairs is the case.

See Psychology of religion and Belief

Bible

The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία,, 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures, some, all, or a variant of which are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and other Abrahamic religions.

See Psychology of religion and Bible

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood that each last from days to weeks.

See Psychology of religion and Bipolar disorder

Bowling Green State University

Bowling Green State University (BGSU) is a public research university in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States.

See Psychology of religion and Bowling Green State University

Branch Davidians

The Branch Davidians (or the General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh-day Adventists) are an apocalyptic cult or doomsday cult founded in 1955 by Benjamin Roden.

See Psychology of religion and Branch Davidians

Buddhism

Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE.

See Psychology of religion and Buddhism

Candler School of Theology

Candler School of Theology is one of seven graduate schools at Emory University, located in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia.

See Psychology of religion and Candler School of Theology

Carl Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist, psychotherapist and psychologist who founded the school of analytical psychology.

See Psychology of religion and Carl Jung

Carl Rogers

Carl Ransom Rogers (January 8, 1902 – February 4, 1987) was an American psychologist who was one of the founders of humanistic psychology and was known especially for his person-centered psychotherapy.

See Psychology of religion and Carl Rogers

Catharsis

Catharsis is from the Ancient Greek word κάθαρσις,, meaning "purification" or "cleansing", commonly used to refer to the purification and purgation of thoughts and emotions by way of expressing them.

See Psychology of religion and Catharsis

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

See Psychology of religion and Catholic Church

Cengage Group

Cengage Group is an American educational content, technology, and services company for higher education, K–12, professional, and library markets.

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Chaplain

A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intelligence agency, embassy, school, labor union, business, police department, fire department, university, sports club), or a private chapel.

See Psychology of religion and Chaplain

Christians

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

See Psychology of religion and Christians

Church (congregation)

A church (or local church) is a religious organization or congregation that meets in a particular location.

See Psychology of religion and Church (congregation)

Church attendance

Church attendance is a central religious practice for many Christians; some Christian denominations, such as the Catholic Church require church attendance on the Lord's Day (Sunday); the Westminster Confession of Faith is held by the Reformed Churches and teaches first-day Sabbatarianism (Sunday Sabbatarianism), thus proclaiming the duty of public worship in keeping with the Ten Commandments.

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Clergy

Clergy are formal leaders within established religions.

See Psychology of religion and Clergy

Clinical psychology

Clinical psychology is an integration of human science, behavioral science, theory, and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.

See Psychology of religion and Clinical psychology

Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Cognitive psychology

Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning.

See Psychology of religion and Cognitive psychology

Cognitive science

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes.

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Collective unconscious

Collective unconscious (kollektives Unbewusstes) refers to the unconscious mind and shared mental concepts.

See Psychology of religion and Collective unconscious

Comparative mythology

Comparative mythology is the comparison of myths from different cultures in an attempt to identify shared themes and characteristics.

See Psychology of religion and Comparative mythology

Comparative religion

Comparative religion is the branch of the study of religions with the systematic comparison of the doctrines and practices, themes and impacts (including migration) of the world's religions.

See Psychology of religion and Comparative religion

Conformity

Conformity is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms, politics or being like-minded.

See Psychology of religion and Conformity

Consciousness

Consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of internal and external existence.

See Psychology of religion and Consciousness

Conversion therapy

Conversion therapy is the pseudoscientific practice of attempting to change an individual's sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression to align with heterosexual and cisgender norms. Psychology of religion and Conversion therapy are religion and mental health.

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Coping

Coping refers to conscious or unconscious strategies used to reduce unpleasant emotions.

See Psychology of religion and Coping

Cult

A cult is a group requiring unwavering devotion to a set of beliefs and practices which are considered deviant outside the norms of society, which is typically led by a charismatic and self-appointed leader who tightly controls its members.

See Psychology of religion and Cult

Dan Sperber

Dan Sperber (born 20 June 1942 in Cagnes-sur-Mer) is a French social and cognitive scientist, anthropologist and philosopher.

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Daniel Batson

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David Koresh

David Koresh (born Vernon Wayne Howell; August 17, 1959 – April 19, 1993) was an American cult leader.

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Deity

A deity or god is a supernatural being considered to be sacred and worthy of worship due to having authority over the universe, nature or human life.

See Psychology of religion and Deity

Delusional disorder

Delusional disorder, traditionally synonymous with paranoia, is a mental illness in which a person has delusions, but with no accompanying prominent hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening of affect.

See Psychology of religion and Delusional disorder

Developmental psychology

Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why humans grow, change, and adapt across the course of their lives.

See Psychology of religion and Developmental psychology

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common language and standard criteria.

See Psychology of religion and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Divine grace

Divine grace is a theological term present in many religions.

See Psychology of religion and Divine grace

Donald Eric Capps

Donald Eric Capps (January 30, 1939 – August 26, 2015) was an American theologian and William Harte Felmeth Professor of Pastoral Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary.

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Edwin Diller Starbuck

Edwin Diller Starbuck born Edwin Eli Starbuck (20 February 1866 – 18 November 1947) was an American educational psychologist who took a special interest in the teaching of morals and character in children independent of religious instruction.

See Psychology of religion and Edwin Diller Starbuck

Ego death

Ego death is a "complete loss of subjective self-identity".

See Psychology of religion and Ego death

Erich Fromm

Erich Seligmann Fromm (March 23, 1900 – March 18, 1980) was a German-American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, sociologist, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist.

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Erik Erikson

Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was an American child psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings.

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Evolution

Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

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Evolutionary psychology

Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in psychology that examines cognition and behavior from a modern evolutionary perspective.

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Factor analysis

Factor analysis is a statistical method used to describe variability among observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of unobserved variables called factors.

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Faith

Faith is confidence or trust in a person, thing, or concept.

See Psychology of religion and Faith

Father

A father is the male parent of a child.

See Psychology of religion and Father

Fear of God

Fear of God may refer to fear itself, but more often to a sense of awe, and submission to, a deity.

See Psychology of religion and Fear of God

Feeling

According to the APA Dictionary of Psychology, a feeling is "a self-contained phenomenal experience"; and feelings are "subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, or images evoking them".

See Psychology of religion and Feeling

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher and one of the most influential figures of German idealism and 19th-century philosophy.

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Geschwind syndrome

Geschwind syndrome, also known as Gastaut-Geschwind, is a group of behavioral phenomena evident in some people with temporal lobe epilepsy.

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God

In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith.

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Gordon Allport

Gordon Willard Allport (November 11, 1897 – October 9, 1967) was an American psychologist.

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Grandiose delusions

Grandiose delusions (GDs), also known as delusions of grandeur or expansive delusions, are a subtype of delusion characterized by extraordinary belief that one is famous, omnipotent, wealthy, or otherwise very powerful.

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Hallucination

A hallucination is a perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the compelling sense of reality.

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Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School (HMS) is the medical school of Harvard University and is located in the Longwood Medical Area in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Health care

Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people.

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Heaven's Gate (religious group)

Heaven's Gate was an American new religious movement known primarily for the mass suicides committed by its members in 1997.

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History of religion

The history of religion refers to the written record of human religious feelings, thoughts, and ideas.

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Hyperreligiosity

Hyperreligiosity is a psychiatric disturbance in which a person experiences intense religious beliefs or episodes that interfere with normal functioning. Psychology of religion and Hyperreligiosity are religion and mental health.

See Psychology of religion and Hyperreligiosity

Identity is the set of qualities, beliefs, personality traits, appearance, and/or expressions that characterize a person or a group.

See Psychology of religion and Identity (social science)

Illusion

An illusion is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the mind normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation.

See Psychology of religion and Illusion

International Journal for the Psychology of Religion

The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion is a peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to research on the psychology of religion.

See Psychology of religion and International Journal for the Psychology of Religion

Irreligion

Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.

See Psychology of religion and Irreligion

Issues in Science and Religion

Issues in Science and Religion is a book by Ian Barbour.

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James Alcock

James E. Alcock (born 24 December 1942) is Professor emeritus (Psychology) at York University (Canada).

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James H. Leuba

James Henry Leuba (April 9, 1868 – December 8, 1946) was an American psychologist best known for his contributions to the psychology of religion.

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James Hillman

James Hillman (April 12, 1926 – October 27, 2011) was an American psychologist.

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James W. Fowler

James William Fowler III (1940–2015) was an American theologian who was Professor of Theology and Human Development at Emory University.

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Jean Piaget

Jean William Fritz Piaget (9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development.

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Jesus

Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

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John Bunyan

John Bunyan (1628 – 31 August 1688) was an English writer and Puritan preacher.

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John Chrysostom

John Chrysostom (Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407 AD) was an important Early Church Father who served as Archbishop of Constantinople.

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Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion

The Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (JSSR) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell in the United States under the auspices of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, dedicated to publishing scholarly articles in the social sciences, including psychology, sociology, and anthropology, devoted to the study of religion.

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Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Psychological Association that was established in 1965.

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Journal of Psychology & Theology

The Journal of Psychology & Theology (JPT) is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Biola University's Rosemead School of Psychology and has been operating continuously since 1973.

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Journal of Psychology and Christianity

The Journal of Psychology and Christianity is a peer-reviewed academic journal that is "designed to provide scholarly interchange among Christian professionals in the psychological and pastoral professions." Topics covered include clinical issues, research, theoretical concerns, book reviews, and special theme areas.

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Julian Jaynes

Julian Jaynes (February 27, 1920 – November 21, 1997) was an American psychologist at Yale and Princeton for nearly 25 years, best known for his 1976 book The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind.

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Jungian archetypes

Jungian archetypes are a concept from psychology that refers to a universal, inherited idea, pattern of thought, or image that is present in the collective unconscious of all human beings.

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Justice

Justice, in its broadest sense, is the concept that individuals are to be treated in a manner that is equitable and fair.

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Kenneth Pargament

Kenneth I. Pargament (born November 3, 1950), BGSU is an emeritus professor of psychology at Bowling Green State University (Ohio, US).

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Lawrence Kohlberg

Lawrence Kohlberg (October 25, 1927 – January 17, 1987) was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stages of moral development.

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Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development

Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development constitute an adaptation of a psychological theory originally conceived by the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget.

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Leo Tolstoy

Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as, which corresponds to the romanization Lyov.

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List of psychological research methods

A wide range of research methods are used in psychology.

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Longman

Longman, also known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in London, England, in 1724 and is owned by Pearson PLC.

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Magical thinking

Magical thinking, or superstitious thinking, is the belief that unrelated events are causally connected despite the absence of any plausible causal link between them, particularly as a result of supernatural effects.

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Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (ISO: Mōhanadāsa Karamacaṁda Gāṁdhī; 2 October 186930 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.

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Marshall Applewhite

Marshall Herff Applewhite Jr. (May 17, 1931 – March 26, 1997), also known as Do, among other names, was an American religious leader who founded and led the Heaven's Gate new religious movement (often described as a cult), and organized their mass suicide in 1997.

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Martin Luther

Martin Luther (10 November 1483– 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar.

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Meditation

Meditation is a practice in which an individual uses a technique to train attention and awareness and detach from reflexive, "discursive thinking," achieving a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state, while not judging the meditation process itself.

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Mental disorder

A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning.

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A metaphor is a figure of speech that, for rhetorical effect, directly refers to one thing by mentioning another.

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Military

A military, also known collectively as an armed forces, are a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare.

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Mind–body dualism

In the philosophy of mind, mind–body dualism denotes either the view that mental phenomena are non-physical,Hart, W. D. 1996.

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Mood disorder

A mood disorder, also known as an affective disorder, is any of a group of conditions of mental and behavioral disorder where a disturbance in the person's mood is the main underlying feature.

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Moses

Moses; Mōše; also known as Moshe or Moshe Rabbeinu (Mishnaic Hebrew: מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּינוּ); Mūše; Mūsā; Mōÿsēs was a Hebrew prophet, teacher and leader, according to Abrahamic tradition.

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Moses and Monotheism

Moses and Monotheism (Der Mann Moses und die monotheistische Religion) is a 1939 book about the origins of monotheism written by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis.

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Mythopoeic thought

Mythopoeic thought is a hypothetical stage of human thought preceding modern thought, proposed by Henri Frankfort and his wife Henriette Antonia Frankfort in the 1940s, based on their interpretation of evidence from archaeology and cultural anthropology.

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Natural science

Natural science is one of the branches of science concerned with the description, understanding and prediction of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

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Natural selection

Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.

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Neurology

Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves.

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Neuropsychiatry

Neuropsychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with psychiatry as it relates to neurology, in an effort to understand and attribute behavior to the interaction of neurobiology and social psychology factors.

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Neurosis

Neurosis (neuroses) is a term mainly used today by followers of Freudian thinking to describe mental disorders caused by past anxiety, often that has been repressed.

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New Age

New Age is a range of spiritual or religious practices and beliefs which rapidly grew in Western society during the early 1970s.

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New religious movement

A new religious movement (NRM), also known as alternative spirituality or a new religion, is a religious or spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture.

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New Thought

The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a new religious movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century.

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Nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide), commonly known as laughing gas, nitrous, nitro, or nos, is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the formula.

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Numinous

Numinous means "arousing spiritual or religious emotion; mysterious or awe-inspiring";Collins English Dictionary -7th ed.

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Obsessive–compulsive disorder

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function.

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Oedipus complex

In classical psychoanalytic theory, the Oedipus complex (also spelled Œdipus complex) refers to a son's sexual attitude towards his mother and concomitant hostility toward his father, first formed during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

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Ohio

Ohio is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Operationalization

In research design, especially in psychology, social sciences, life sciences and physics, operationalization or operationalisation is a process of defining the measurement of a phenomenon which is not directly measurable, though its existence is inferred from other phenomena.

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Organized religion

Organized religion, also known as institutional religion, is religion in which belief systems and rituals are systematically arranged and formally established, typically by an official doctrine (or dogma), a hierarchical or bureaucratic leadership structure, and a codification of proper and improper behavior.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Paradigm

In science and philosophy, a paradigm is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field.

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Paranoia

Paranoia is an instinct or thought process that is believed to be heavily influenced by anxiety, suspicion, or fear, often to the point of delusion and irrationality.

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Pascal Boyer

Pascal Robert Boyer is an Franco-American cognitive anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist, mostly known for his work in the cognitive science of religion.

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Pastor

A pastor (abbreviated to "Pr" or "Ptr" (both singular), or "Ps" (plural)) is the leader of a Christian congregation who also gives advice and counsel to people from the community or congregation.

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Pastoral care

Pastoral care, or cure of souls, refers to emotional, social and spiritual support.

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Pastoral counseling

Pastoral counseling is a branch of counseling in which psychologically trained ministers, rabbis, priests, imams, and other persons provide therapy services.

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Paul the Apostle

Paul (Koinē Greek: Παῦλος, romanized: Paûlos), also named Saul of Tarsus (Aramaic: ܫܐܘܠ, romanized: Šāʾūl), commonly known as Paul the Apostle and Saint Paul, was a Christian apostle (AD) who spread the teachings of Jesus in the first-century world.

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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin is a scientific journal published monthly published by SAGE Publications for the Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP).

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Personality development

Personality development encompasses the dynamic construction and deconstruction of integrative characteristics that distinguish an individual in terms of interpersonal behavioral traits.

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Personality disorder

Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture.

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Phenomenology (philosophy)

Phenomenology is the philosophical study of objectivity and reality (more generally) as subjectively lived and experienced.

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Philosophy of religion

Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions".

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Piaget's theory of cognitive development

Piaget's theory of cognitive development, or his genetic epistemology, is a comprehensive theory about the nature and development of human intelligence.

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Pope Gregory I

Pope Gregory I (Gregorius I; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was the 64th Bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 to his death.

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Postmodernism

Postmodernism is a term used to refer to a variety of artistic, cultural, and philosophical movements that claim to mark a break with modernism.

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Pragmatism

Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that views language and thought as tools for prediction, problem solving, and action, rather than describing, representing, or mirroring reality.

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Prayer

Prayer is an invocation or act that seeks to activate a rapport with an object of worship through deliberate communication.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.

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Psychedelic drug

Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness".

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Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry.

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Psychoactive drug

A psychoactive drug, mind-altering drug, or consciousness-altering drug is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior.

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Psychoanalysis and Religion

Psychoanalysis and Religion is a 1950 book by social psychologist and psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, in which he attempts to explain the purpose and goals of psychoanalysis in relation to ethics and religion.

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Psychologist

A psychologist is a professional who practices psychology and studies mental states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior.

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Psychology

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.

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Psychometrics

Psychometrics is a field of study within psychology concerned with the theory and technique of measurement.

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Psychopathology

Psychopathology is the study of mental illness.

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Questionnaire

A questionnaire is a research instrument that consists of a set of questions (or other types of prompts) for the purpose of gathering information from respondents through survey or statistical study.

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Ralph W. Hood

Ralph Wilbur Hood Jr. (born 1942) is an American psychologist.

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Reification (fallacy)

Reification (also known as concretism, hypostatization, or the fallacy of misplaced concreteness) is a fallacy of ambiguity, when an abstraction (abstract belief or hypothetical construct) is treated as if it were a concrete real event or physical entity.

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Relationship between religion and science

The relationship between religion and science involves discussions that interconnect the study of the natural world, history, philosophy, and theology.

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Religion

Religion is a range of social-cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements—although there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion.

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Religion and children

Children often acquire religious views approximating those of their parents, although they may also be influenced by others they communicate with – such as peers and teachers.

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Religiosity

The Oxford English Dictionary defines religiosity as: "Religiousness; religious feeling or belief.

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Religious delusion

A religious delusion is defined as a delusion, or fixed belief not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence, involving religious themes or subject matter. Psychology of religion and religious delusion are religion and mental health.

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Religious experience

A religious experience (sometimes known as a spiritual experience, sacred experience, mystical experience) is a subjective experience which is interpreted within a religious framework.

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Religious orientation

An individual's or community's religious orientation involves presumptions about the existence and nature of God or gods, religious prescriptions about morality and communal and personal spirituality.

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Religious pluralism

Religious pluralism is an attitude or policy regarding the diversity of religious belief systems co-existing in society.

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Religious symbol

A religious symbol is an iconic representation intended to represent a specific religion, or a specific concept within a given religion.

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Reproductive system

The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.

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Review of Religious Research

The Review of Religious Research is a quarterly journal that reviews the various methods, findings and uses of religious research.

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Ritual

A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or revered objects.

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Robert A. Emmons

Robert A. Emmons (born June 12, 1958) is an American psychologist and professor at UC Davis (Davis, California).

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Robert Sapolsky

Robert Morris Sapolsky (born April 6, 1957) is an American academic, neuroscientist, and primatologist.

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Robin S. Brown

Robin S. Brown is a psychoanalyst and academic.

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Rudolf Otto

Rudolf Otto (25 September 1869 – 7 March 1937) was an eminent German Lutheran theologian, philosopher, and comparative religionist.

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Schizoaffective disorder

Schizoaffective disorder (SZA, SZD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and an unstable mood.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by reoccurring episodes of psychosis that are correlated with a general misperception of reality.

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Science

Science is a strict systematic discipline that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the world.

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Scott Atran

Scott Atran (born February 6, 1952) is an American-French cultural anthropologist who is Emeritus Director of Research in Anthropology at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in Paris, Research Professor at the University of Michigan, and cofounder of ARTIS International and of the Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict at Oxford University.

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Secularization

In sociology, secularization (secularisation) is a multilayered concept that generally denotes "a transition from a religious to a more worldly level." There are many types of secularization and most do not lead to atheism, irreligion, nor are they automatically antithetical to religion.

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Sense of wonder

A sense of wonder (sometimes jokingly written sensawunda) is an intellectual and emotional state frequently invoked in discussions of science and biology, higher consciousness, science fiction, and philosophy.

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Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud (born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating pathologies seen as originating from conflicts in the psyche, through dialogue between patient and psychoanalyst, and the distinctive theory of mind and human agency derived from it.

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Skeptical Inquirer

Skeptical Inquirer is a bimonthly American general-audience magazine published by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) with the subtitle: The Magazine for Science and Reason.

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Social psychology is the scientific study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

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Social status is the relative level of social value a person is considered to possess.

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Sociology of religion

Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology.

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Spirituality

The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other.

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Steven Pinker

Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American cognitive psychologist, psycholinguist, popular science author, and public intellectual.

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Stress (biology)

Stress, whether physiological, biological or psychological, is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.

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SUNY Press

The State University of New York Press (more commonly referred to as the SUNY Press) is a university press affiliated with the State University of New York system.

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Sweden

Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.

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Symbol

A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.

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Symbolic language (literature)

In literature, symbolic language refers to the use of words, phrases, or characters to represent or reference concepts.

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Teleology

Teleology (from, and)Partridge, Eric.

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Temporal lobe epilepsy

In the field of neurology, temporal lobe epilepsy is an enduring brain disorder that causes unprovoked seizures from the temporal lobe.

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The Future of an Illusion

The Future of an Illusion (Die Zukunft einer Illusion) is a 1927 work by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, in which Freud discusses religion's origins, development, and its future.

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The Idea of the Holy

The Idea of the Holy: An Inquiry into the Non-Rational Factor in the Idea of the Divine and its Relation to the Rational (Das Heilige.) is a book by the German theologian and philosopher Rudolf Otto, published in 1917.

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The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal in the field of neuropsychiatry.

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The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind

The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind is a 1976 book by the Princeton psychologist, psychohistorian and consciousness theorist Julian Jaynes (1920-1997).

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The Phenomenology of Spirit

The Phenomenology of Spirit (Phänomenologie des Geistes) is the most widely-discussed philosophical work of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel; its German title can be translated as either The Phenomenology of Spirit or The Phenomenology of Mind.

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The Psychology of Religion and Coping

The Psychology of Religion and Coping: Theory, Research, Practice by Kenneth Pargament was published in the United States in 1997. Psychology of religion and the Psychology of Religion and Coping are religion and mental health.

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The Varieties of Religious Experience

The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature is a book by Harvard University psychologist and philosopher William James.

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Theology

Theology is the study of religious belief from a religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity.

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Theory of mind

In psychology, theory of mind refers to the capacity to understand other people by ascribing mental states to them.

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Thomas C. Oden

Thomas Clark Oden (1931–2016) was an American Methodist theologian and religious author.

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Totem and Taboo

Totem and Taboo: Resemblances Between the Mental Lives of Savages and Neurotics, or Totem and Taboo: Some Points of Agreement between the Mental Lives of Savages and Neurotics (Totem und Tabu: Einige Übereinstimmungen im Seelenleben der Wilden und der Neurotiker), is a 1913 book by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, in which the author applies his work to the fields of archaeology, anthropology, and the study of religion.

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Transcendence (philosophy)

In philosophy, transcendence is the basic ground concept from the word's literal meaning (from Latin), of climbing or going beyond, albeit with varying connotations in its different historical and cultural stages.

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UCLouvain

UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain. also known as the Catholic University of Louvain, the English translation of its French name, and the University of Louvain, its official English name) is Belgium's largest French-speaking university.

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Umeå University

Umeå University (Umeå universitet; Ume Sami: Ubmeje universitiähta) is a public research university located in Umeå, in the mid-northern region of Sweden.

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Unconscious mind

In psychoanalysis and other psychological theories, the unconscious mind (or the unconscious) is the part of the psyche that is not available to introspection.

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United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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University of Tennessee at Chattanooga

The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UT Chattanooga, UTC, or Chattanooga) is a public university in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States.

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Vanity

Vanity is the excessive belief in one's own abilities or attractiveness to others.

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Virtue

A virtue (virtus) is a trait of excellence, including traits that may be moral, social, or intellectual.

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Walt Whitman

Walter Whitman Jr. (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, and journalist.

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Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.

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William James

William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.

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Yale University Press

Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.

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Zen

Zen (Japanese; from Chinese "Chán"; in Korean: Sŏn, and Vietnamese: Thiền) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty as the Chan School (禪宗, chánzōng, "meditation school") or the Buddha-mind school (佛心宗, fóxīnzōng), and later developed into various sub-schools and branches.

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Zulu people

Zulu people (amaZulu) are a native people of Southern Africa of the Nguni.

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See also

Religion and mental health

• Conversion therapy
• Death anxiety
• Hyperreligiosity
• Islam and mental health
• Mental Health, Religion & Culture
• Psychology of religion
• Rapture anxiety
• Religion and coping with trauma
• Religion and schizophrenia
• Religion and suicide
• Religious abuse
• Religious delusion
• Religious trauma syndrome
• The Psychology of Religion and Coping
• The Retreat
• Troubled teen industry
• Well-being contributing factors
• Wilderness therapy

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_religion

Also known as History of the psychology of religion, Mental disorders and religion, Pastoral psychology, Psychologist of religion, Psychology Attacks of Religion, Religion and mental illness, Religion and psychology, Religion and psychotherapy, Religion and schizotypy, Religion as mental illness, Religious psychology.

, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Divine grace, Donald Eric Capps, Edwin Diller Starbuck, Ego death, Erich Fromm, Erik Erikson, Evolution, Evolutionary psychology, Factor analysis, Faith, Father, Fear of God, Feeling, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Geschwind syndrome, God, Gordon Allport, Grandiose delusions, Hallucination, Harvard Medical School, Health care, Heaven's Gate (religious group), History of religion, Hyperreligiosity, Identity (social science), Illusion, International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, Irreligion, Issues in Science and Religion, James Alcock, James H. Leuba, James Hillman, James W. Fowler, Jean Piaget, Jesus, John Bunyan, John Chrysostom, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Psychology & Theology, Journal of Psychology and Christianity, Julian Jaynes, Jungian archetypes, Justice, Kenneth Pargament, Lawrence Kohlberg, Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development, Leo Tolstoy, List of psychological research methods, Longman, Magical thinking, Mahatma Gandhi, Marshall Applewhite, Martin Luther, Meditation, Mental disorder, Metaphor, Military, Mind–body dualism, Mood disorder, Moses, Moses and Monotheism, Mythopoeic thought, Natural science, Natural selection, Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Neurosis, New Age, New religious movement, New Thought, Nitrous oxide, Numinous, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Oedipus complex, Ohio, Operationalization, Organized religion, Oxford University Press, Paradigm, Paranoia, Pascal Boyer, Pastor, Pastoral care, Pastoral counseling, Paul the Apostle, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Personality development, Personality disorder, Phenomenology (philosophy), Philosophy of religion, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Pope Gregory I, Postmodernism, Pragmatism, Prayer, Protestantism, Psychedelic drug, Psychiatrist, Psychoactive drug, Psychoanalysis and Religion, Psychologist, Psychology, Psychometrics, Psychopathology, Questionnaire, Ralph W. Hood, Reification (fallacy), Relationship between religion and science, Religion, Religion and children, Religiosity, Religious delusion, Religious experience, Religious orientation, Religious pluralism, Religious symbol, Reproductive system, Review of Religious Research, Ritual, Robert A. Emmons, Robert Sapolsky, Robin S. Brown, Rudolf Otto, Schizoaffective disorder, Schizophrenia, Science, Scott Atran, Secularization, Sense of wonder, Sigmund Freud, Skeptical Inquirer, Social psychology, Social status, Sociology of religion, Spirituality, Steven Pinker, Stress (biology), SUNY Press, Sweden, Symbol, Symbolic language (literature), Teleology, Temporal lobe epilepsy, The Future of an Illusion, The Idea of the Holy, The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, The Phenomenology of Spirit, The Psychology of Religion and Coping, The Varieties of Religious Experience, Theology, Theory of mind, Thomas C. Oden, Totem and Taboo, Transcendence (philosophy), UCLouvain, Umeå University, Unconscious mind, United States, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Vanity, Virtue, Walt Whitman, Western world, William James, Yale University Press, Zen, Zulu people.