Pteridophyte, the Glossary
A pteridophyte is a vascular plant (with xylem and phloem) that reproduces by means of spores.[1]
Table of Contents
105 relations: Alternation of generations, American Journal of Botany, Annals of Botany, Antheridium, Apomorphy and synapomorphy, Archegonium, Aspleniineae, Biological life cycle, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Bryophyte, Cambridge University Press, Ceratopteris, Clade, Class (biology), Cryptogam, Cyatheales, Dioecy, Dioicy, Division (biology), Egg cell, Embryophyte, Endodermis, Equisetaceae, Equisetales, Equisetidae, Equisetum, Euphyllophyte, Eusporangiate fern, Extinction, Family (biology), Fern, Fern ally, Flagellum, Flower, Flowering plant, Fossil, Gamete, Gametophyte, Gleicheniales, Gymnosperm, Hymenophyllaceae, International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, Isoetales, Isoetes, Lateral root, Lepidodendrales, Leptosporangiate fern, Lycophyte, Lycopodiaceae, Lycopodiella inundata, ... Expand index (55 more) »
- Cryptogams
Alternation of generations
Alternation of generations (also known as metagenesis or heterogenesis) is the predominant type of life cycle in plants and algae.
See Pteridophyte and Alternation of generations
American Journal of Botany
The American Journal of Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of plant biology.
See Pteridophyte and American Journal of Botany
Annals of Botany
Annals of Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing experimental, theoretical and applied papers on all aspects of plant biology.
See Pteridophyte and Annals of Botany
Antheridium
An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm).
See Pteridophyte and Antheridium
Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy).
See Pteridophyte and Apomorphy and synapomorphy
Archegonium
An archegonium (archegonia), from the Ancient Greek ἀρχή ("beginning") and γόνος ("offspring"), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete.
See Pteridophyte and Archegonium
Aspleniineae
Aspleniineae is a suborder of ferns in the order Polypodiales.
See Pteridophyte and Aspleniineae
Biological life cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of stages of the life of an organism, that begins as a zygote, often in an egg, and concludes as an adult that reproduces, producing an offspring in the form of a new zygote which then itself goes through the same series of stages, the process repeating in a cyclic fashion.
See Pteridophyte and Biological life cycle
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society is a scientific journal publishing original papers relating to the taxonomy of all plant groups and fungi, including anatomy, biosystematics, cytology, ecology, ethnobotany, electron microscopy, morphogenesis, palaeobotany, palynology and phytochemistry.
See Pteridophyte and Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
Bryophyte
Bryophytes are a group of land plants, sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants (embryophytes): the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. Pteridophyte and Bryophyte are cryptogams and Paraphyletic groups.
See Pteridophyte and Bryophyte
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Pteridophyte and Cambridge University Press
Ceratopteris
Ceratopteris is the only genus among homosporous ferns that is exclusively aquatic.
See Pteridophyte and Ceratopteris
Clade
In biological phylogenetics, a clade, also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree.
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.
See Pteridophyte and Class (biology)
Cryptogam
A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant (in the wide sense of the word) or a plant-like organism that reproduces by spores, without flowers or seeds. Pteridophyte and cryptogam are cryptogams.
See Pteridophyte and Cryptogam
Cyatheales
The order Cyatheales, which includes most tree ferns, is a taxonomic order of the fern class, Polypodiopsida.
See Pteridophyte and Cyatheales
Dioecy
Dioecy (adj. dioecious) is a characteristic of certain species that have distinct unisexual individuals, each producing either male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants).
Dioicy
Dioicy is a sexual system in non-vascular plants where archegonia and antheridia are produced on separate gametophytes.
Division (biology)
Division is a taxonomic rank in biological classification that is used differently in zoology and in botany.
See Pteridophyte and Division (biology)
Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one).
Embryophyte
The embryophytes are a clade of plants, also known as Embryophyta or land plants. Pteridophyte and embryophyte are plants.
See Pteridophyte and Embryophyte
Endodermis
The endodermis is the innermost layer of cortex in land plants.
See Pteridophyte and Endodermis
Equisetaceae
Equisetaceae, also known as the horsetail family, is a family of ferns and the only surviving family of the order Equisetales, with one surviving genus, Equisetum, comprising about twenty species.
See Pteridophyte and Equisetaceae
Equisetales
Equisetales is an order of subclass Equisetidae with only one living family, Equisetaceae, containing the genus Equisetum (horsetails), as well as a variety of extinct groups, including the tree-like Calamitaceae.
See Pteridophyte and Equisetales
Equisetidae
Equisetidae is one of the four subclasses of Polypodiopsida (ferns), a group of vascular plants with a fossil record going back to the Devonian.
See Pteridophyte and Equisetidae
Equisetum
Equisetum (horsetail, marestail, snake grass, puzzlegrass) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
See Pteridophyte and Equisetum
Euphyllophyte
The euphyllophytes are a clade of plants within the tracheophytes (the vascular plants). Pteridophyte and euphyllophyte are plants.
See Pteridophyte and Euphyllophyte
Eusporangiate fern
Eusporangiate ferns are vascular spore plants, whose sporangia arise from several epidermal cells and not from a single cell as in leptosporangiate ferns. Pteridophyte and Eusporangiate fern are Paraphyletic groups.
See Pteridophyte and Eusporangiate fern
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.
See Pteridophyte and Extinction
Family (biology)
Family (familia,: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.
See Pteridophyte and Family (biology)
Fern
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
Fern ally
Fern allies are a diverse group of seedless vascular plants that are not true ferns. Pteridophyte and fern ally are cryptogams.
See Pteridophyte and Fern ally
Flagellum
A flagellum (flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores (zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility.
See Pteridophyte and Flagellum
Flower
A flower, also known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae).
Flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae, commonly called angiosperms. Pteridophyte and Flowering plant are plants.
See Pteridophyte and Flowering plant
Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
Gamete
A gamete (ultimately) is a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization in organisms that reproduce sexually.
Gametophyte
A gametophyte is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae.
See Pteridophyte and Gametophyte
Gleicheniales
Gleicheniales is an order of ferns in the subclass Polypodiidae (the leptosporangiate ferns).
See Pteridophyte and Gleicheniales
Gymnosperm
The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae.
See Pteridophyte and Gymnosperm
Hymenophyllaceae
The Hymenophyllaceae, the filmy ferns and bristle ferns, are a family of two to nine genera (depending on classification system) and about 650 known species of ferns, with a subcosmopolitan distribution, but generally restricted to very damp places or to locations where they are wetted by spray from waterfalls or springs.
See Pteridophyte and Hymenophyllaceae
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN or ICNafp) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants".
See Pteridophyte and International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
Isoetales
Isoetales, sometimes also written Isoëtales, is an order of plants in the class Lycopodiopsida.
See Pteridophyte and Isoetales
Isoetes
Isoetes, commonly known as the quillworts, is a genus of lycopod.
Lateral root
Lateral roots, emerging from the pericycle (meristematic tissue), extend horizontally from the primary root (radicle) and over time makeup the iconic branching pattern of root systems.
See Pteridophyte and Lateral root
Lepidodendrales
Lepidodendrales (from the Greek for "scale tree") or arborescent lycophytes are an extinct order of primitive, vascular, heterosporous, arborescent (tree-like) plants belonging to Lycopodiopsida.
See Pteridophyte and Lepidodendrales
Leptosporangiate fern
The Polypodiidae, commonly called leptosporangiate ferns, formerly Leptosporangiatae, are one of four subclasses of ferns, the largest of these being the largest group of living ferns, including some 11,000 species worldwide.
See Pteridophyte and Leptosporangiate fern
Lycophyte
The lycophytes, when broadly circumscribed, are a group of vascular plants that include the clubmosses. Pteridophyte and lycophyte are cryptogams.
See Pteridophyte and Lycophyte
Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 16 accepted genera and about 400 known species.
See Pteridophyte and Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella inundata
Lycopodiella inundata is a species of club moss known by the common names inundated club moss, marsh clubmoss and northern bog club moss.
See Pteridophyte and Lycopodiella inundata
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiopsida is a class of vascular plants also known as lycopods or lycophytes.
See Pteridophyte and Lycopodiopsida
Maarten J. M. Christenhusz
Dr Maarten Joost Maria Christenhusz (born 27 April 1976) is a Dutch botanist, natural historian and photographer.
See Pteridophyte and Maarten J. M. Christenhusz
Marattiaceae
Marattiaceae is the only family of extant (living) ferns in the order Marattiales.
See Pteridophyte and Marattiaceae
Mark Wayne Chase
Mark Wayne Chase (born 1951) is a US-born British botanist.
See Pteridophyte and Mark Wayne Chase
Marsileaceae
Marsileaceae is a small family of heterosporous aquatic and semi-aquatic ferns, though at first sight they do not physically resemble other ferns.
See Pteridophyte and Marsileaceae
Microphylls and megaphylls
In plant anatomy and evolution a microphyll (or lycophyll) is a type of plant leaf with one single, unbranched leaf vein.
See Pteridophyte and Microphylls and megaphylls
Molecular phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships.
See Pteridophyte and Molecular phylogenetics
Monoecy
Monoecy (adj. monoecious) is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant.
Monoicy
Monoicy is a sexual system in haploid plants (mainly bryophytes) where both sperm and eggs are produced on the same gametophyte, in contrast with dioicy, where each gametophyte produces only sperm or eggs but never both.
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of taxa which meets these criteria.
See Pteridophyte and Monophyly
Nature (journal)
Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.
See Pteridophyte and Nature (journal)
New Phytologist
New Phytologist is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published on behalf of the New Phytologist Foundation by Wiley-Blackwell.
See Pteridophyte and New Phytologist
Ophioglossaceae
Ophioglossaceae, the adder's-tongue family, is a small family of ferns.
See Pteridophyte and Ophioglossaceae
Ophioglossidae
Ophioglossidae is one of the four subclasses of Polypodiopsida (ferns).
See Pteridophyte and Ophioglossidae
Order (biology)
Order (ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.
See Pteridophyte and Order (biology)
Osmundaceae
Osmundaceae (royal fern family) is a family of ferns containing four to six extant genera and 18–25 known species.
See Pteridophyte and Osmundaceae
Paraphyly
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. Pteridophyte and Paraphyly are Paraphyletic groups.
See Pteridophyte and Paraphyly
Phloem
Phloem is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant.
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.
See Pteridophyte and Phylogenetics
Phylum
In biology, a phylum (phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class.
Phytotaxa
Phytotaxa is a peer-reviewed scientific journal for rapid publication on any aspect of systematic botany.
See Pteridophyte and Phytotaxa
Plant development
Important structures in plant development are buds, shoots, roots, leaves, and flowers; plants produce these tissues and structures throughout their life from meristems located at the tips of organs, or between mature tissues.
See Pteridophyte and Plant development
Plant reproductive morphology
Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction.
See Pteridophyte and Plant reproductive morphology
Plasmodium (life cycle)
A plasmodium is a living structure of cytoplasm that contains many nuclei, rather than being divided into individual cells each with a single nucleus.
See Pteridophyte and Plasmodium (life cycle)
Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.
See Pteridophyte and Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
Ploidy
Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes.
Polypodiales
The order Polypodiales encompasses the major lineages of polypod ferns, which comprise more than 80% of today's fern species.
See Pteridophyte and Polypodiales
Polypodiineae
Polypodiineae is a suborder of ferns in the order Polypodiales.
See Pteridophyte and Polypodiineae
Progymnosperm
The progymnosperms are an extinct group of woody, spore-bearing plants that is presumed to have evolved from the trimerophytes, and eventually gave rise to the gymnosperms, ancestral to acrogymnosperms and angiosperms (flowering plants). Pteridophyte and progymnosperm are Paraphyletic groups.
See Pteridophyte and Progymnosperm
Prothallus
A prothallus, or prothallium, (from Latin pro.
See Pteridophyte and Prothallus
Psilotaceae
Psilotaceae is a family of ferns (class Polypodiopsida) consisting of two genera, Psilotum and Tmesipteris with about a dozen species.
See Pteridophyte and Psilotaceae
Psilotum
Psilotum is a genus of fern-like vascular plants.
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies.
See Pteridophyte and Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
Rhyniophyte
The rhyniophytes are a group of extinct early vascular plants that are considered to be similar to the genus Rhynia, found in the Early Devonian (around). Sources vary in the name and rank used for this group, some treating it as the class Rhyniopsida, others as the subdivision Rhyniophytina or the division Rhyniophyta.
See Pteridophyte and Rhyniophyte
Salviniaceae
Salviniaceae, is a family of heterosporous ferns in the order Salviniales.
See Pteridophyte and Salviniaceae
Salviniales
The order Salviniales (formerly known as the Hydropteridales and including the former Marsileales) is an order of ferns in the class Polypodiopsida.
See Pteridophyte and Salviniales
Schizaeales
Schizaeales is an order of ferns (class Polypodiopsida).
See Pteridophyte and Schizaeales
Seed
In botany, a seed is a plant embryo and food reserve enclosed in a protective outer covering called a seed coat (testa).
Seed plant
A seed plant or spermatophyte, also known as a phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or a phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds. Pteridophyte and seed plant are plants.
See Pteridophyte and Seed plant
Selaginella
Selaginella is the sole genus in the monotypic family (i.e. a family that contains only a single genus) Selaginellaceae, the spikemosses or lesser clubmosses, a type of vascular plant.
See Pteridophyte and Selaginella
Sequential hermaphroditism
Sequential hermaphroditism (called dichogamy in botany) is one of the two types of hermaphroditism, the other type being simultaneous hermaphroditism.
See Pteridophyte and Sequential hermaphroditism
Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.
See Pteridophyte and Smithsonian Institution
Sperm
Sperm (sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).
Spermatozoon
A spermatozoon (also spelled spermatozoön;: spermatozoa) is a motile sperm cell, or moving form of the haploid cell that is the male gamete.
See Pteridophyte and Spermatozoon
Spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions.
Sporophyte
A sporophyte is the diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga which produces asexual spores.
See Pteridophyte and Sporophyte
Tapetum (botany)
The tapetum is a specialised layer of nutritive cells found within the anther, of flowering plants, where it is located between the sporangenous tissue and the anther wall.
See Pteridophyte and Tapetum (botany)
Taxon (journal)
Taxon is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering plant taxonomy.
See Pteridophyte and Taxon (journal)
Taxonomic rank
In biology, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy.
See Pteridophyte and Taxonomic rank
Tree of Life Web Project
The Tree of Life Web Project is an Internet project providing information about the diversity and phylogeny of life on Earth.
See Pteridophyte and Tree of Life Web Project
Trimerophytopsida
Trimerophytopsida (or Trimeropsida) is a class of early vascular plants from the Devonian, informally called trimerophytes.
See Pteridophyte and Trimerophytopsida
Vascular plant
Vascular plants, also called tracheophytes or collectively tracheophyta, form a large group of land plants (accepted known species) that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant. Pteridophyte and Vascular plant are plants.
See Pteridophyte and Vascular plant
Vascular tissue
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants.
See Pteridophyte and Vascular tissue
Xylem
Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, the other being phloem.
Zosterophyll
The zosterophylls are a group of extinct land plants that first appeared in the Silurian period.
See Pteridophyte and Zosterophyll
See also
Cryptogams
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
Also known as Pteridophyta, Pteridophytes, Pteriodophytes, Seedless vascular plant.
, Lycopodiopsida, Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Marattiaceae, Mark Wayne Chase, Marsileaceae, Microphylls and megaphylls, Molecular phylogenetics, Monoecy, Monoicy, Monophyly, Nature (journal), New Phytologist, Ophioglossaceae, Ophioglossidae, Order (biology), Osmundaceae, Paraphyly, Phloem, Phylogenetics, Phylum, Phytotaxa, Plant development, Plant reproductive morphology, Plasmodium (life cycle), Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy, Ploidy, Polypodiales, Polypodiineae, Progymnosperm, Prothallus, Psilotaceae, Psilotum, Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, Rhyniophyte, Salviniaceae, Salviniales, Schizaeales, Seed, Seed plant, Selaginella, Sequential hermaphroditism, Smithsonian Institution, Sperm, Spermatozoon, Spore, Sporophyte, Tapetum (botany), Taxon (journal), Taxonomic rank, Tree of Life Web Project, Trimerophytopsida, Vascular plant, Vascular tissue, Xylem, Zosterophyll.