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Pyramidal cell, the Glossary

Pyramidal cells, or pyramidal neurons, are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala.^[1]

50 relations: Action potential, Amygdala, Anatomical terms of location, Apical dendrite, Autopsy, Axon, Basal dendrite, Biological neuron model, Brain, Cannabinoid, Cerebral cortex, Chandelier cell, Cognition, Corticospinal tract, Dendritic spine, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, GABA, Glutamic acid, Golgi's method, Granule cell, HCN channel, Hippocampus, Hippocampus proper, Hyperpolarization (biology), Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Mossy fiber (hippocampus), Multipolar neuron, Negri body, Neocortex, Neural adaptation, Neural backpropagation, Neuron, Neuroplasticity, Neurotransmitter, Pathognomonic, Postpartum period, Prefrontal cortex, Progenitor cell, Pyramidal tracts, Resting potential, Rosehip neuron, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Signs and symptoms, Single-cell sequencing, Soma (biology), Subventricular zone, Threshold potential, Transcription factor, Ventricular zone, Voltage-gated ion channel.
Central nervous system neurons
Hippocampus (brain)

Action potential

An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls.

See Pyramidal cell and Action potential

The amygdala (amygdalae or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil') is a paired nuclear complex present in the cerebral hemispheres of vertebrates.

See Pyramidal cell and Amygdala

Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

See Pyramidal cell and Anatomical terms of location

Apical dendrite

An apical dendrite is a dendrite that emerges from the apex of a pyramidal cell.

See Pyramidal cell and Apical dendrite

Autopsy

An autopsy (also referred to as post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death; or the exam may be performed to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes.

See Pyramidal cell and Autopsy

Axon

An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis) or nerve fiber (or nerve fibre: see spelling differences) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body.

See Pyramidal cell and Axon

Basal dendrite

A basal dendrite is a dendrite that emerges from the base of a pyramidal cell that receives information from nearby neurons and passes it to the soma, or cell body.

See Pyramidal cell and Basal dendrite

Biological neuron model

Biological neuron models, also known as spiking neuron models, are mathematical descriptions of the conduction of electrical signals in neurons.

See Pyramidal cell and Biological neuron model

Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

See Pyramidal cell and Brain

Cannabinoid

Cannabinoids are several structural classes of compounds found in the cannabis plant primarily and most animal organisms (although insects lack such receptors) or as synthetic compounds.

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Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.

See Pyramidal cell and Cerebral cortex

Chandelier cell

Chandelier cells or chandelier neurons are a subset of GABAergic cortical interneurons. Pyramidal cell and chandelier cell are central nervous system neurons.

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Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Corticospinal tract

The corticospinal tract is a white matter motor pathway starting at the cerebral cortex that terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord, controlling movements of the limbs and trunk.

See Pyramidal cell and Corticospinal tract

Dendritic spine

A dendritic spine (or spine) is a small membranous protrusion from a neuron's dendrite that typically receives input from a single axon at the synapse.

See Pyramidal cell and Dendritic spine

Excitatory postsynaptic potential

In neuroscience, an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a postsynaptic potential that makes the postsynaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential.

See Pyramidal cell and Excitatory postsynaptic potential

GABA

GABA (gamma Aminobutyric acid, γ-Aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system.

See Pyramidal cell and GABA

Glutamic acid

Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.

See Pyramidal cell and Glutamic acid

Golgi's method

Golgi's method is a silver staining technique that is used to visualize nervous tissue under light microscopy.

See Pyramidal cell and Golgi's method

Granule cell

The name granule cell has been used for a number of different types of neurons whose only common feature is that they all have very small cell bodies. Pyramidal cell and granule cell are central nervous system neurons.

See Pyramidal cell and Granule cell

HCN channel

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) channels are integral membrane proteins that serve as nonselective voltage-gated cation channels in the plasma membranes of heart and brain cells.

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Hippocampus

The hippocampus (hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse') is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates. Pyramidal cell and hippocampus are hippocampus (brain).

See Pyramidal cell and Hippocampus

Hippocampus proper

The hippocampus proper refers to the actual structure of the hippocampus which is made up of four regions or subfields. Pyramidal cell and hippocampus proper are hippocampus (brain).

See Pyramidal cell and Hippocampus proper

Hyperpolarization (biology)

Hyperpolarization is a change in a cell's membrane potential that makes it more negative.

See Pyramidal cell and Hyperpolarization (biology)

Inhibitory postsynaptic potential

An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is a kind of synaptic potential that makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to generate an action potential.

See Pyramidal cell and Inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Mossy fiber (hippocampus)

In the hippocampus, the mossy fiber pathway consists of unmyelinated axons projecting from granule cells in the dentate gyrus that terminate on modulatory hilar mossy cells and in Cornu Ammonis area 3 (CA3), a region involved in encoding short-term memory. Pyramidal cell and mossy fiber (hippocampus) are hippocampus (brain).

See Pyramidal cell and Mossy fiber (hippocampus)

Multipolar neuron

A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons. Pyramidal cell and multipolar neuron are central nervous system neurons.

See Pyramidal cell and Multipolar neuron

Negri body

Negri bodies are eosinophilic, sharply outlined, pathognomonic inclusion bodies (2–10 μm in diameter) found in the cytoplasm of certain nerve cells containing the virus of rabies, especially in pyramidal cells within Ammon's horn of the hippocampus. Pyramidal cell and Negri body are hippocampus (brain).

See Pyramidal cell and Negri body

Neocortex

The neocortex, also called the neopallium, isocortex, or the six-layered cortex, is a set of layers of the mammalian cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning and language. Pyramidal cell and neocortex are cerebral cortex.

See Pyramidal cell and Neocortex

Neural adaptation

Neural adaptation or sensory adaptation is a gradual decrease over time in the responsiveness of the sensory system to a constant stimulus.

See Pyramidal cell and Neural adaptation

Neural backpropagation

Neural backpropagation is the phenomenon in which, after the action potential of a neuron creates a voltage spike down the axon (normal propagation), another impulse is generated from the soma and propagates towards the apical portions of the dendritic arbor or dendrites (from which much of the original input current originated).

See Pyramidal cell and Neural backpropagation

Neuron

A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.

See Pyramidal cell and Neuron

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization.

See Pyramidal cell and Neuroplasticity

Neurotransmitter

A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.

See Pyramidal cell and Neurotransmitter

Pathognomonic

Pathognomonic (rare synonym pathognomic) is a term, often used in medicine, that means "characteristic for a particular disease".

See Pyramidal cell and Pathognomonic

Postpartum period

The postpartum (or postnatal) period begins after childbirth and is typically considered to last for six weeks.

See Pyramidal cell and Postpartum period

Prefrontal cortex

In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) covers the front part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex. Pyramidal cell and prefrontal cortex are cerebral cortex.

See Pyramidal cell and Prefrontal cortex

Progenitor cell

A progenitor cell is a biological cell that can differentiate into a specific cell type.

See Pyramidal cell and Progenitor cell

Pyramidal tracts

The pyramidal tracts include both the corticobulbar tract and the corticospinal tract.

See Pyramidal cell and Pyramidal tracts

Resting potential

A relatively static membrane potential which is usually referred to as the ground value for trans-membrane voltage.

See Pyramidal cell and Resting potential

Rosehip neuron

Rosehip neurons are inhibitory GABAergic neurons present in the first layer (the molecular layer) of the human cerebral cortex. Pyramidal cell and Rosehip neuron are central nervous system neurons and cerebral cortex.

See Pyramidal cell and Rosehip neuron

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system.

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Signs and symptoms

Signs and symptoms are the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition.

See Pyramidal cell and Signs and symptoms

Single-cell sequencing

Single-cell sequencing examines the nucleic acid sequence information from individual cells with optimized next-generation sequencing technologies, providing a higher resolution of cellular differences and a better understanding of the function of an individual cell in the context of its microenvironment.

See Pyramidal cell and Single-cell sequencing

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramidal_cell

Also known as Hippocampal pyramidal cell, Pyramidal cells, Pyramidal neruron, Pyramidal neuron, Pyramidal neurons, Pyramidic cell, Pyramidic cells, Pyrimidal neuron.

Pyramidal cell, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Central nervous system neurons

Hippocampus (brain)

References