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Quantum critical point, the Glossary

A quantum critical point is a point in the phase diagram of a material where a continuous phase transition takes place at absolute zero.^[1]

18 relations: Absolute zero, Antiferromagnetism, Condensed matter physics, Critical opalescence, Critical point (thermodynamics), Effective mass (solid-state physics), Fermi liquid theory, Ferroelectricity, Ferromagnetism, Magnetostriction, Metamagnetism, Phase diagram, Phase transition, Quantum phase transition, Scale invariance, Superconductivity, Thermal fluctuations, Uncertainty principle.
Quantum phases

Absolute zero

Absolute zero is the lowest limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale; a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reach their minimum value, taken as zero kelvin.

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In materials that exhibit antiferromagnetism, the magnetic moments of atoms or molecules, usually related to the spins of electrons, align in a regular pattern with neighboring spins (on different sublattices) pointing in opposite directions. Quantum critical point and antiferromagnetism are quantum phases.

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Condensed matter physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and liquid phases, that arise from electromagnetic forces between atoms and electrons.

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Critical opalescence

Critical opalescence is a phenomenon which arises in the region of a continuous, or second-order, phase transition.

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Critical point (thermodynamics)

In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve.

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Effective mass (solid-state physics)

In solid state physics, a particle's effective mass (often denoted m^*) is the mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution. Quantum critical point and effective mass (solid-state physics) are Condensed matter physics.

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Fermi liquid theory

Fermi liquid theory (also known as Landau's Fermi-liquid theory) is a theoretical model of interacting fermions that describes the normal state of the conduction electrons in most metals at sufficiently low temperatures. Quantum critical point and fermi liquid theory are Condensed matter physics.

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Ferroelectricity

Ferroelectricity is a characteristic of certain materials that have a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field.

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Ferromagnetism

Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Quantum critical point and Ferromagnetism are quantum phases.

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Magnetostriction

Magnetostriction is a property of magnetic materials that causes them to change their shape or dimensions during the process of magnetization.

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Metamagnetism is a sudden (often, dramatic) increase in the magnetization of a material with a small change in an externally applied magnetic field.

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Phase diagram

A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.

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Phase transition

In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another.

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Quantum phase transition

In physics, a quantum phase transition (QPT) is a phase transition between different quantum phases (phases of matter at zero temperature). Quantum critical point and quantum phase transition are Condensed matter physics and quantum phases.

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Scale invariance

In physics, mathematics and statistics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor, and thus represent a universality.

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Superconductivity

Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic fields are expelled from the material. Quantum critical point and Superconductivity are Condensed matter physics and quantum phases.

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Thermal fluctuations

In statistical mechanics, thermal fluctuations are random deviations of an atomic system from its average state, that occur in a system at equilibrium.

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Uncertainty principle

The uncertainty principle, also known as Heisenberg's indeterminacy principle, is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_critical_point

Also known as Quantum Critical, Quantum criticality.