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Red Terror (Ethiopia), the Glossary

The Ethiopian Red Terror, also known as the Qey Shibir, was a violent political repression campaign of the Derg against other competing Marxist-Leninist groups in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1976 to 1978.^[1]

55 relations: "Red Terror" Martyrs' Memorial Museum, Addis Ababa, All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement, Almayahu Haile, Amnesty International, Asrat Desta, Atnafu Abate, BBC, Berhanu Bayeh, Capital punishment, Christopher Andrew (historian), Counter-revolutionary, Crimes against humanity, Crimes against humanity under communist regimes, Derg, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ethiopian Civil War, Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party, Genocide, Haile Fida, Haile Selassie, Harvard University Press, Human Rights Watch, Hutu Ten Commandments, Kelbessa Negewo, March of the Iron Will, Marxism–Leninism, Mass killings under communist regimes, May Day, Mengistu Haile Mariam, Meskel Square, Military junta, Neo-Stalinism, Political decay, Political repression, Purge, Red Terror, Robert Mugabe, Russian Civil War, Save the Children, Socialist mode of production, Stalinism, Stéphane Courtois, Tafari Benti, The Black Book of Communism, The New York Times Magazine, Time (magazine), Trial in absentia, Trials of the Derg members, ... Expand index (5 more) »
1977 in Ethiopia
1978 in Ethiopia
20th-century mass murder in Ethiopia
Ethiopian war crimes
Ethnic cleansing in Africa
Mass murder in 1978
Political repression in Ethiopia
War crimes in the Ethiopian Civil War

"Red Terror" Martyrs' Memorial Museum

The "Red Terror" Martyrs' Memorial Museum in Addis Ababa was established in 2010 as a memorial to those who died during the Red Terror under the Derg government.

See Red Terror (Ethiopia) and "Red Terror" Martyrs' Memorial Museum

Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa (fountain of hot mineral water, new flower) is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia.

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The All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement (Mela Ītyōṗṗyā Soshalīsit Nik’inak’ē, native acronym: MEISON, Amharic: መኢሶን) is a political party in Ethiopia.

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Almayahu Haile

Captain Alemayehu Haile (died 3 February 1977) was a member of the Derg, the military junta that ruled Ethiopia from 1974 to 1987.

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.

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Asrat Desta

Lieutenant Colonel Asrat Desta (Amharic: ኮሎኔል አሥራት ደስታ, died 3 February 1977) was an Ethiopian soldier and politician who was the Chairman of Information and Public Relation Committee of the PMAC of Ethiopia.

See Red Terror (Ethiopia) and Asrat Desta

Atnafu Abate

Lieutenant Colonel Atnafu Abate (አጥናፉ አባተ; 31 January 1931 – 12 November 1977) was an Ethiopian military officer and a leading member of the Derg, the military junta which deposed Emperor Haile Selassie and ruled the country for several years.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.

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Berhanu Bayeh

Berhanu Beyeh (ብርሃኑ ባይህ; born 1938) is an Ethiopian former military officer and politician.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

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Christopher Andrew (historian)

Christopher Maurice Andrew, (born 23 July 1941) is an Emeritus Professor of Modern and Contemporary History at the University of Cambridge with an interest in international relations and in particular the history of intelligence services.

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Counter-revolutionary

A counter-revolutionary or an anti-revolutionary is anyone who opposes or resists a revolution, particularly one who acts after a revolution in order to try to overturn it or reverse its course, in full or in part.

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Crimes against humanity

Crimes against humanity are certain serious crimes committed as part of a large-scale attack against civilians.

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Crimes against humanity under communist regimes

Crimes against humanity under communist regimes occurred during the 20th century, and they included forced deportations, massacres, torture, forced disappearance, extrajudicial killings, political terrorization campaigns,Kemp-Welch, p. 42.

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Derg

The Derg (or Dergue), officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC), was the Marxist–Leninist military dictatorship that ruled Ethiopia, then including present-day Eritrea, from 1974 to 1987, when the military leadership or junta formally "civilianized" the administration but stayed in power until 1991.

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Eritrea

Eritrea (or; Ertra), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara.

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Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa.

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Ethiopian Civil War

The Ethiopian Civil War was a civil war in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea, fought between the Ethiopian military junta known as the Derg and Ethiopian-Eritrean anti-government rebels from 12 September 1974 to 28 May 1991.

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Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party

The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party (EPRP) (Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā Həzbāwī Abyotawi Party), informally known as Ihapa (ኢሕአፓ), is the first modern political party in Ethiopia.

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Genocide

Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people, either in whole or in part. Red Terror (Ethiopia) and Genocide are political and cultural purges.

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Haile Fida

Haile Fida (Amharic: ኃይሌ ፊዳ, Oromo: Haaylee Fidaa, 4 April 1939 – 4 April 1979) was an Ethiopian politician and the leader of the All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement (popularly known as "MEISON", after its Amharic abbreviation መኢሶን).

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Haile Selassie

Haile Selassie I (Power of the Trinity; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Hutu Ten Commandments

The "Hutu Ten Commandments" (also "Ten Commandments of the Bahutu") was a document published in the December 1990 edition of Kangura, an anti-Tutsi, Hutu Power Kinyarwanda-language newspaper in Kigali, Rwanda.

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Kelbessa Negewo

Kelbessa Negewo (born 1950) is an Ethiopian man who served as an official of the Marxist Derg regime while it was in power.

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March of the Iron Will

The March of the Iron Will was an Italian offensive occurring from 26 April to 5 May 1936, during the final days of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.

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Marxism–Leninism

Marxism–Leninism is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution.

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Mass killings under communist regimes

Mass killings under communist regimes occurred through a variety of means during the 20th century, including executions, famine, deaths through forced labour, deportation, starvation, and imprisonment. Red Terror (Ethiopia) and Mass killings under communist regimes are political and cultural purges.

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May Day

May Day is a European festival of ancient origins marking the beginning of summer, usually celebrated on 1 May, around halfway between the Northern Hemisphere's Spring equinox and June solstice.

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Mengistu Haile Mariam

Mengistu Haile Mariam (መንግሥቱ ኀይለ ማርያም, pronunciation:; born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian former politician and former military officer who was the head of state of Ethiopia from 1977 to 1991 and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Ethiopia from 1984 to 1991.

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Meskel Square

Meskel Square (Cross Square) is a public square in the city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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Military junta

A military junta is a government led by a committee of military leaders.

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Neo-Stalinism

Neo-Stalinism is the promotion of positive views of Joseph Stalin's role in history, the partial re-establishing of Stalin's policies on certain or all issues, and nostalgia for the Stalinist period.

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Political decay

Political decay is a political theory, originally described in 1965 by Samuel P. Huntington, which describes how chaos and disorder can arise from social modernization increasing more rapidly than political and institutional modernization.

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Political repression

Political repression is the act of a state entity controlling a citizenry by force for political reasons, particularly for the purpose of restricting or preventing the citizenry's ability to take part in the political life of a society, thereby reducing their standing among their fellow citizens.

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Purge

In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another organization, their team leaders, or society as a whole. Red Terror (Ethiopia) and purge are political and cultural purges.

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Red Terror

The Red Terror (krasnyy terror) was a campaign of political repression and executions in Soviet Russia carried out by the Bolsheviks, chiefly through the Cheka, the Bolshevik secret police. Red Terror (Ethiopia) and red Terror are Politicides.

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Robert Mugabe

Robert Gabriel Mugabe (21 February 1924 – 6 September 2019) was a Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987 and then as President from 1987 to 2017.

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Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the social-democratic Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.

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Save the Children

The Save the Children Fund, commonly known as Save the Children, is an international, non-governmental organization.

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The socialist mode of production, or simply (Marxist) socialism or communism as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the terms communism and socialism interchangeably, is a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that emerge from capitalism in the schema of historical materialism within Marxist theory.

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

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Stéphane Courtois

Stéphane Courtois (born 25 November 1947) is a French historian and university professor, a director of research at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), professor at the Catholic Institute of Higher Studies (ICES) in La Roche-sur-Yon, and director of a collection specialized in the history of communist movements and communist states.

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Tafari Benti

Brigadier General Tafari Benti (11 October 1921 – 3 February 1977) was an Ethiopian military officer and politician who served as head of state of Ethiopia from 1974 to 1977 in his role as second chairman of the Derg, the ruling military junta.

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The Black Book of Communism

The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression is a 1997 book by Stéphane Courtois, Andrzej Paczkowski, Nicolas Werth, Jean-Louis Margolin, and several other European academics documenting a history of political repression by communist states, including genocides, extrajudicial executions, deportations, and deaths in labor camps and allegedly artificially created famines.

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The New York Times Magazine

The New York Times Magazine is an American Sunday magazine included with the Sunday edition of The New York Times.

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Time (magazine)

Time (stylized in all caps as TIME) is an American news magazine based in New York City.

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Trial in absentia

Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person being tried is not present.

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Trials of the Derg members

On 12 December 2006, the Federal Supreme Court found guilty 77 top Derg officials accused by the government of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) over the Red Terror (1976–1978). Red Terror (Ethiopia) and Trials of the Derg members are war crimes in the Ethiopian Civil War.

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Vasili Mitrokhin

Vasili Nikitich Mitrokhin (Vasily Nikitich Mitrokhin; March 3, 1922 – January 23, 2004) was an archivist for the Soviet Union's foreign intelligence service, the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, who defected to the United Kingdom in 1992.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Wards of Ethiopia

A ward (translit; Gandaa) is the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia: a ward, a neighbourhood or a localized and delimited group of people.

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Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, relief map Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east.

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1974 Ethiopian coup d'état

On 12 September 1974, Emperor Haile Selassie was deposed by the Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces, Police, and Territorial Army, a Soviet-backed military junta that consequently ruled Ethiopia as the Derg until 28 May 1991.

See Red Terror (Ethiopia) and 1974 Ethiopian coup d'état

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Terror_(Ethiopia)

Also known as Ethiopian Politicide, Qey Shibir.

, Vasili Mitrokhin, Vladimir Lenin, Wards of Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, 1974 Ethiopian coup d'état.

Red Terror (Ethiopia), the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1977 in Ethiopia

1978 in Ethiopia

20th-century mass murder in Ethiopia

Ethiopian war crimes

Ethnic cleansing in Africa

Mass murder in 1978

Political repression in Ethiopia

War crimes in the Ethiopian Civil War

References