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Resonance (chemistry), the Glossary

In chemistry, resonance, also called mesomerism, is a way of describing bonding in certain molecules or polyatomic ions by the combination of several contributing structures (or forms, also variously known as resonance structures or canonical structures) into a resonance hybrid (or hybrid structure) in valence bond theory.^[1]

133 relations: Acetic acid, Alexander Nesmeyanov, Alkene, Alkylation, Allyl group, Allylic rearrangement, Angstrom, Aniline, Arene substitution pattern, Aromaticity, Arrow pushing, August Kekulé, Avoided crossing, Benzene, Benzoic acid, Biphenylene, Bond length, Bond order, Bourgeois pseudoscience, Butyl group, Carbocation, Carboxylate, Chemical bond, Chemical equilibrium, Chemical polarity, Chemical species, Chemistry, Christopher Kelk Ingold, Clar's rule, Conjugate (acid-base theory), Conjugated system, Coordinate covalent bond, Cyclohexa-1,3-diene, Cyclohexane, Cyclohexene, Delocalized electron, Dialectical materialism, Diborane, Diene, Dimethylaniline, Electron density, Electron-rich, Electron-withdrawing group, Electronegativity, Elementary charge, Enthalpy, Erich Hückel, Excited state, Exothermic process, Fluxional molecule, ... Expand index (83 more) »
Electronic structure methods

Acetic acid

Acetic acid, systematically named ethanoic acid, is an acidic, colourless liquid and organic compound with the chemical formula (also written as,, or). Vinegar is at least 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component of vinegar apart from water.

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Alexander Nesmeyanov

Alexander Nikolayevich Nesmeyanov (Александр Николаевич Несмеянов; – 17 January 1980) was a Soviet chemist and academician (1943) specializing in organometallic chemistry.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Alexander Nesmeyanov

Alkene

In organic chemistry, an alkene, or olefin, is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.

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Alkylation

Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group.

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Allyl group

In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula.

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Allylic rearrangement

An allylic rearrangement or allylic shift is an organic chemical reaction in which reaction at a center vicinal to a double bond causes the double bond to shift to an adjacent pair of atoms: It is encountered in both nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution, although it is usually suppressed relative to non-allylic substitution.

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Angstrom

The angstrom is a unit of length equal to m; that is, one ten-billionth of a metre, a hundred-millionth of a centimetre, 0.1 nanometre, or 100 picometres.

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Aniline

Aniline (and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula.

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Arene substitution pattern

Arene substitution patterns are part of organic chemistry IUPAC nomenclature and pinpoint the position of substituents other than hydrogen in relation to each other on an aromatic hydrocarbon.

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Aromaticity

In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected by the stabilization of conjugation alone.

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Arrow pushing

Arrow pushing or electron pushing is a technique used to describe the progression of organic chemistry reaction mechanisms.

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August Kekulé

Friedrich August Kekulé, later Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz (7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896), was a German organic chemist.

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Avoided crossing

In quantum physics and quantum chemistry, an avoided crossing (sometimes called intended crossing, non-crossing or anticrossing) is the phenomenon where two eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix representing a quantum observable and depending on N continuous real parameters cannot become equal in value ("cross") except on a manifold of N-3 dimensions.

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Benzene

Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each. Because it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Benzene is a natural constituent of petroleum and is one of the elementary petrochemicals.

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Benzoic acid

Benzoic acid is a white (or colorless) solid organic compound with the formula, whose structure consists of a benzene ring with a carboxyl substituent.

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Biphenylene

Biphenylene is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4)2.

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Bond length

In molecular geometry, bond length or bond distance is defined as the average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.

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Bond order

In chemistry, bond order is a formal measure of the multiplicity of a covalent bond between two atoms.

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Bourgeois pseudoscience

Bourgeois pseudoscience (Буржуазная лженаука) was a term of condemnation in the Soviet Union for certain scientific disciplines that were deemed unacceptable from an ideological point of view due to their incompatibility with Marxism–Leninism.

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Butyl group

In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.

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Carbocation

A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom.

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Carboxylate

In organic chemistry, a carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid,. It is an ion with negative charge.

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Chemical bond

A chemical bond is the association of atoms or ions to form molecules, crystals, and other structures. Resonance (chemistry) and chemical bond are chemical bonding.

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Chemical equilibrium

In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system. Resonance (chemistry) and chemical equilibrium are physical chemistry.

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Chemical polarity

In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end. Resonance (chemistry) and chemical polarity are physical chemistry.

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Chemical species

Chemical species are a specific form of chemical substance or chemically identical molecular entities that have the same molecular energy level at a specified timescale.

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Chemistry

Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.

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Christopher Kelk Ingold

Sir Christopher Kelk Ingold (28 October 1893 – 8 December 1970) was a British chemist based in Leeds and London.

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Clar's rule

In organic and physical organic chemistry, Clar's rule is an empirical rule that relates the chemical stability of a molecule with its aromaticity.

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Conjugate (acid-base theory)

A conjugate acid, within the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a chemical compound formed when an acid gives a proton to a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it, as it loses a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction.

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Conjugated system

In theoretical chemistry, a conjugated system is a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule, which in general lowers the overall energy of the molecule and increases stability.

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Coordinate covalent bond

In coordination chemistry, a coordinate covalent bond, also known as a dative bond, dipolar bond, or coordinate bond is a kind of two-center, two-electron covalent bond in which the two electrons derive from the same atom. Resonance (chemistry) and coordinate covalent bond are chemical bonding.

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Cyclohexa-1,3-diene

Cyclohexa-1,3-diene (also known as Benzane) is an organic compound with the formula (C2H4)(CH)4.

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Cyclohexane

Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula.

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Cyclohexene

Cyclohexene is a hydrocarbon with the formula.

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Delocalized electron

In chemistry, delocalized electrons are electrons in a molecule, ion or solid metal that are not associated with a single atom or a covalent bond. Resonance (chemistry) and delocalized electron are chemical bonding.

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Dialectical materialism

Dialectical materialism is a materialist theory based upon the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that has found widespread applications in a variety of philosophical disciplines ranging from philosophy of history to philosophy of science.

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Diborane

Diborane(6), commonly known as diborane, is the chemical compound with the formula B2H6.

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Diene

In organic chemistry, a diene; also diolefin) or alkadiene) is a covalent compound that contains two double bonds, usually among carbon atoms. They thus contain two alk''ene'' units, with the standard prefix di of systematic nomenclature. As a subunit of more complex molecules, dienes occur in naturally occurring and synthetic chemicals and are used in organic synthesis.

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Dimethylaniline

N,N-Dimethylaniline (DMA) is an organic chemical compound, a substituted derivative of aniline.

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Electron density

Electron density or electronic density is the measure of the probability of an electron being present at an infinitesimal element of space surrounding any given point.

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Electron-rich

Electron-rich is jargon that is used in multiple related meanings with either or both kinetic and thermodynamic implications. Resonance (chemistry) and Electron-rich are chemical bonding.

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Electron-withdrawing group

An electron-withdrawing group (EWG) is a group or atom that has the ability to draw electron density toward itself and away from other adjacent atoms. Resonance (chemistry) and electron-withdrawing group are chemical bonding.

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Electronegativity

Electronegativity, symbolized as χ, is the tendency for an atom of a given chemical element to attract shared electrons (or electron density) when forming a chemical bond. Resonance (chemistry) and Electronegativity are chemical bonding.

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Elementary charge

The elementary charge, usually denoted by, is a fundamental physical constant, defined as the electric charge carried by a single proton or, equivalently, the magnitude of the negative electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge −1.

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Enthalpy

Enthalpy is the sum of a thermodynamic system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.

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Erich Hückel

Erich Armand Arthur Joseph Hückel (August 9, 1896, Berlin – February 16, 1980, Marburg) was a German physicist and physical chemist.

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Excited state

In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).

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Exothermic process

In thermodynamics, an exothermic process is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen).

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Fluxional molecule

In chemistry and molecular physics, fluxional (or non-rigid) molecules are molecules that undergo dynamics such that some or all of their atoms interchange between symmetry-equivalent positions.

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Formal charge

In chemistry, a formal charge (F.C. or), in the covalent view of chemical bonding, is the hypothetical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally between atoms, regardless of relative electronegativity. Resonance (chemistry) and formal charge are chemical bonding.

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Frequency

Frequency (symbol f), most often measured in hertz (symbol: Hz), is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.

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Friedel–Crafts reaction

The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring.

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Fritz Arndt

Fritz Georg Arndt (6 July 1885 – 8 December 1969) was a German chemist recognised for his contributions to synthetic methodology, who together with Bernd Eistert discovered the Arndt-Eistert synthesis.

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Furan

Furan is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.

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Harmonic oscillator

In classical mechanics, a harmonic oscillator is a system that, when displaced from its equilibrium position, experiences a restoring force F proportional to the displacement x: \vec F.

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Hückel method

The Hückel method or Hückel molecular orbital theory, proposed by Erich Hückel in 1930, is a simple method for calculating molecular orbitals as linear combinations of atomic orbitals.

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Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl).

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Hydrogen bromide

Hydrogen bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula.

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Hydrogen iodide

Hydrogen iodide (HI) is a diatomic molecule and hydrogen halide.

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Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.

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Hydroxylamine

Hydroxylamine (also known as hydroxyammonia) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

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Hyperconjugation

In organic chemistry, hyperconjugation (σ-conjugation or no-bond resonance) refers to the delocalization of electrons with the participation of bonds of primarily σ-character.

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Hypervalent molecule

In chemistry, a hypervalent molecule (the phenomenon is sometimes colloquially known as expanded octet) is a molecule that contains one or more main group elements apparently bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shells. Resonance (chemistry) and hypervalent molecule are chemical bonding.

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations working for the advancement of the chemical sciences, especially by developing nomenclature and terminology.

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Isomer

In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formula – that is, the same number of atoms of each element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in space.

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Johannes Thiele (chemist)

Friedrich Karl Johannes Thiele (May 13, 1865 – April 17, 1918) was a German chemist and a prominent professor at several universities, including those in Munich and Strasbourg.

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John C. Slater

John Clarke Slater (December 22, 1900 – July 25, 1976) was an American physicist who advanced the theory of the electronic structure of atoms, molecules and solids.

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Leviathan

The Leviathan (Līvyāṯān; Λεβιάθαν) is a sea serpent noted in theology and mythology.

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Lewis structure

Lewis structuresalso called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs)are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. Resonance (chemistry) and Lewis structure are chemical bonding.

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Linear combination of atomic orbitals

A linear combination of atomic orbitals or LCAO is a quantum superposition of atomic orbitals and a technique for calculating molecular orbitals in quantum chemistry. Resonance (chemistry) and linear combination of atomic orbitals are chemical bonding, electronic structure methods and physical chemistry.

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Linus Pauling

Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, chemical engineer, peace activist, author, and educator.

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Lone pair

In chemistry, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bondIUPAC Gold Book definition: and is sometimes called an unshared pair or non-bonding pair. Resonance (chemistry) and lone pair are chemical bonding.

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Mathematical optimization

Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives.

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Mesomeric effect

In chemistry, the mesomeric effect (or resonance effect) is a property of substituents or functional groups in a chemical compound. Resonance (chemistry) and mesomeric effect are chemical bonding.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Mesomeric effect

Methanium

In chemistry, methanium is a complex positive ion with formula (metastable transitional form, a carbon atom covalently bonded to five hydrogen atoms) or (fluxional form, namely a molecule with one carbon atom covalently bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one dihydrogen molecule), bearing a +1 electric charge.

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Molecular geometry

Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule.

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Molecular orbital

In chemistry, a molecular orbital is a mathematical function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule. Resonance (chemistry) and molecular orbital are chemical bonding.

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Molecular orbital theory

In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. Resonance (chemistry) and molecular orbital theory are chemical bonding.

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Molecule

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion.

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Multiplicity (chemistry)

In spectroscopy and quantum chemistry, the multiplicity of an energy level is defined as 2S+1, where S is the total spin angular momentum.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Multiplicity (chemistry)

Narwhal

The narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is a species of toothed whale native to the Arctic.

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Natural bond orbital

In quantum chemistry, a natural bond orbital or NBO is a calculated bonding orbital with maximum electron density.

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Nitrate

Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula.

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Nitrite

The nitrite ion has the chemical formula.

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Nitronium ion

The nitronium ion,, is a cation.

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Node (physics)

A node is a point along a standing wave where the wave has minimum amplitude.

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Nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol

Nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol (IUPAC name: 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propan-2-ol) is a fluoroalcohol.

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Normalizing constant

In probability theory, a normalizing constant or normalizing factor is used to reduce any probability function to a probability density function with total probability of one.

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Nuclear magnetic resonance

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are perturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency characteristic of the magnetic field at the nucleus.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Nuclear magnetic resonance

Octet rule

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas. Resonance (chemistry) and octet rule are chemical bonding.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Octet rule

Ozone

Ozone (or trioxygen) is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula.

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Partial charge

In atomic physics, a partial charge (or net atomic charge) is a non-integer charge value when measured in elementary charge units.

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Pauling's principle of electroneutrality

Pauling's principle of electroneutrality states that each atom in a stable substance has a charge close to zero. Resonance (chemistry) and Pauling's principle of electroneutrality are chemical bonding.

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Perchlorate

A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion,, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate).

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Perchloric acid

Perchloric acid is a mineral acid with the formula HClO4.

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Period 1 element

A period 1 element is one of the chemical elements in the first row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements.

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Period 2 element

A period 2 element is one of the chemical elements in the second row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements.

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Phenol

Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula.

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Pi bond

In chemistry, pi bonds (π bonds) are covalent chemical bonds, in each of which two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap with two lobes of an orbital on another atom, and in which this overlap occurs laterally. Resonance (chemistry) and pi bond are chemical bonding.

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Picometre

The picometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: pm) or picometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to, or one trillionth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length.

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Picric acid

Picric acid is an organic compound with the formula (O2N)3C6H2OH.

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Polyatomic ion

A polyatomic ion (also known as a molecular ion) is a covalent bonded set of two or more atoms, or of a metal complex, that can be considered to behave as a single unit and that has a net charge that is not zero.

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Propylamine

Propylamine, also known as n-propylamine, is an amine with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)2NH2.

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Pyridine

Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula.

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Pyrrole

Pyrrole is a heterocyclic, aromatic, organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula.

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Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.

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Quantum superposition

Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are also solutions of the Schrödinger equation.

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Radical (chemistry)

In chemistry, a radical, also known as a free radical, is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron. Resonance (chemistry) and radical (chemistry) are chemical bonding.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Radical (chemistry)

Resonance

In physics, resonance refers to a wide class of phenomena that arise as a result of matching temporal or spatial periods of oscillatory objects.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Resonance

Robert Robinson (chemist)

Sir Robert Robinson (13 September 1886 – 8 February 1975) was a British organic chemist and Nobel laureate recognised in 1947 for his research on plant dyestuffs (anthocyanins) and alkaloids.

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Substituent

In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule.

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Sulfone

In organic chemistry, a sulfone is a organosulfur compound containing a sulfonyl functional group attached to two carbon atoms.

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Sulfoxide

In organic chemistry, a sulfoxide, also called a sulphoxide, is an organosulfur compound containing a sulfinyl functional group attached to two carbon atoms.

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Superacid

In chemistry, a superacid (according to the original definition) is an acid with an acidity greater than that of 100% pure sulfuric acid, which has a Hammett acidity function (H0) of −12.

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Tautomer

Tautomers are structural isomers (constitutional isomers) of chemical compounds that readily interconvert.

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Thiocyanate

Thiocyanates are salts containing the thiocyanate anion (also known as rhodanide or rhodanate).

See Resonance (chemistry) and Thiocyanate

Thiophene

Thiophene is a heterocyclic compound with the formula C4H4S.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Thiophene

Three-center four-electron bond

The 3-center 4-electron (3c–4e) bond is a model used to explain bonding in certain hypervalent molecules such as tetratomic and hexatomic interhalogen compounds, sulfur tetrafluoride, the xenon fluorides, and the bifluoride ion. Resonance (chemistry) and Three-center four-electron bond are chemical bonding.

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Three-center two-electron bond

A three-center two-electron (3c–2e) bond is an electron-deficient chemical bond where three atoms share two electrons. Resonance (chemistry) and three-center two-electron bond are chemical bonding.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Three-center two-electron bond

Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC name: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C6H5)3 and often abbreviated to PPh3 or Ph3P.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Triphenylphosphine

Tripropylamine

Tripropylamine is an organic compound with the formula.

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Unicorn

The unicorn is a legendary creature that has been described since antiquity as a beast with a single large, pointed, spiraling horn projecting from its forehead.

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Valence bond theory

In chemistry, valence bond (VB) theory is one of the two basic theories, along with molecular orbital (MO) theory, that were developed to use the methods of quantum mechanics to explain chemical bonding. Resonance (chemistry) and valence bond theory are chemical bonding.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Valence bond theory

Variational principle

In science and especially in mathematical studies, a variational principle is one that enables a problem to be solved using calculus of variations, which concerns finding functions that optimize the values of quantities that depend on those functions.

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Wave function

In quantum physics, a wave function (or wavefunction) is a mathematical description of the quantum state of an isolated quantum system.

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Werner Heisenberg

Werner Karl Heisenberg (5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics, and a principal scientist in the Nazi nuclear weapons program during World War II.

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Wittig reaction

The Wittig reaction or Wittig olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with a triphenyl phosphonium ylide called a Wittig reagent.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Wittig reaction

X-ray diffraction

X-ray diffraction is a generic term for phenomena associated with changes in the direction of X-ray beams due to interactions with the electrons around atoms.

See Resonance (chemistry) and X-ray diffraction

Xenon difluoride

Xenon difluoride is a powerful fluorinating agent with the chemical formula, and one of the most stable xenon compounds.

See Resonance (chemistry) and Xenon difluoride

1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene

1,8-Diazabicycloundec-7-ene, or more commonly DBU, is a chemical compound and belongs to the class of amidine compounds.

See Resonance (chemistry) and 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene

2,4-Dinitrophenol

2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP or simply DNP) is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H3(NO2)2.

See Resonance (chemistry) and 2,4-Dinitrophenol

2-Norbornyl cation

In organic chemistry, the term 2-norbornyl cation (or 2-bicycloheptyl cation) describes one of the three carbocations formed from derivatives of norbornane.

See Resonance (chemistry) and 2-Norbornyl cation

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance_(chemistry)

Also known as Canonical form (chemistry), Chemical resonance, Delocalization energy, Hybrid structure, Mesomer, Mesomeric structure, Mesomerism, Molecular resonance, Resonance (molecular structure), Resonance Hybrid, Resonance contribution, Resonance contributor, Resonance effect, Resonance energy, Resonance form, Resonance stabilization, Resonance stabilized, Resonance structure, Resonance structures, Resonance-stabilized, Theory of Resonance.

, Formal charge, Frequency, Friedel–Crafts reaction, Fritz Arndt, Furan, Harmonic oscillator, Hückel method, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrogen bromide, Hydrogen iodide, Hydrogenation, Hydroxylamine, Hyperconjugation, Hypervalent molecule, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Isomer, Johannes Thiele (chemist), John C. Slater, Leviathan, Lewis structure, Linear combination of atomic orbitals, Linus Pauling, Lone pair, Mathematical optimization, Mesomeric effect, Methanium, Molecular geometry, Molecular orbital, Molecular orbital theory, Molecule, Multiplicity (chemistry), Narwhal, Natural bond orbital, Nitrate, Nitrite, Nitronium ion, Node (physics), Nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol, Normalizing constant, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Octet rule, Ozone, Partial charge, Pauling's principle of electroneutrality, Perchlorate, Perchloric acid, Period 1 element, Period 2 element, Phenol, Pi bond, Picometre, Picric acid, Polyatomic ion, Propylamine, Pyridine, Pyrrole, Quantum mechanics, Quantum superposition, Radical (chemistry), Resonance, Robert Robinson (chemist), Substituent, Sulfone, Sulfoxide, Superacid, Tautomer, Thiocyanate, Thiophene, Three-center four-electron bond, Three-center two-electron bond, Triphenylphosphine, Tripropylamine, Unicorn, Valence bond theory, Variational principle, Wave function, Werner Heisenberg, Wittig reaction, X-ray diffraction, Xenon difluoride, 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene, 2,4-Dinitrophenol, 2-Norbornyl cation.

Resonance (chemistry), the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Electronic structure methods

References