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Roman Syria, the Glossary

Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.^[1]

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145 relations: Abbasid Caliphate, Aleppo, Amorites, Ancient Greece, Ancient Near East, Annuario Pontificio, Antakya, Antioch, Antiochus XIII Asiaticus, Apamea, Syria, Arabia Petraea, Aramaic, Arameans, Arethusa (see), Assyria (Roman province), Augustus, Avidius Cassius, Baniyas, Bar Kokhba revolt, Battle of Barbalissos, Battle of Beth Horon (66), Battle of Edessa, Battle of the Iron Bridge, Battle of the Yarmuk, Berytus, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty, Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, Client state, Coele Syria (Roman province), Coele-Syria, Commagene, Coponius, Crisis of the Roman Republic, Crisis of the Third Century, Cyrrhus, Decapolis, Diocese of the East, Diocletian, Edom, Ethnarch, Euphratensis, Euphrates, Fatimid Caliphate, First Jewish–Roman War, Gabula (Syria), Gaius Cestius Gallus (governor of Syria), Galilee, Hadrian, Hama, ... Expand index (95 more) »
190s disestablishments in the Roman Empire
198 disestablishments
1st-century BC establishments
1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic
2nd-century disestablishments
60s BC establishments
Ancient Levant
Seleucid Empire successor states
States and territories disestablished in the 2nd century
States and territories established in the 190s
States and territories established in the 1st century BC

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

See Roman Syria and Abbasid Caliphate

Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.

See Roman Syria and Aleppo

Amorites

The Amorites (author-link, Pl. XXVIII e+i|MAR.TU; Amurrūm or Tidnum Tidnum; ʾĔmōrī; Ἀμορραῖοι) were an ancient Northwest Semitic-speaking Bronze Age people from the Levant. Roman Syria and Amorites are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Amorites

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.

See Roman Syria and Ancient Greece

Ancient Near East

The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran, and northeastern Syria), ancient Egypt, ancient Persia (Elam, Media, Parthia, and Persis), Anatolia and the Armenian highlands (Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region, Armenia, northwestern Iran, southern Georgia, and western Azerbaijan), the Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan and Cyprus) and the Arabian Peninsula.

See Roman Syria and Ancient Near East

Annuario Pontificio

The Annuario Pontificio (Italian for Pontifical Yearbook) is the annual directory of the Holy See of the Catholic Church.

See Roman Syria and Annuario Pontificio

Antakya

Antakya (Local Turkish: Anteke), modern form of Antioch (Antiókheia; Andiok; Antiochia), is a municipality and the capital district of Hatay Province, Turkey.

See Roman Syria and Antakya

Antioch

Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia hē epì Oróntou)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiokʽ; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; אנטיוכיה, Anṭiyokhya; أنطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.

See Roman Syria and Antioch

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Antiochus XIII Philadelphus, (Greek: Ἀντίοχος ΙΓ' Φιλάδελφος) known as Asiaticus, (Ἀσιατικός) was the penultimate ruler of the Seleucid kingdom.

See Roman Syria and Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Apamea, Syria

Apamea (Ἀπάμεια, Apameia; آفاميا, Afamia), on the right bank of the Orontes River, was an ancient Greek and Roman city.

See Roman Syria and Apamea, Syria

Arabia Petraea

Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province (Provincia Arabia; العربية الصخرية.; Ἐπαρχία Πετραίας Ἀραβίας) or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century. Roman Syria and Arabia Petraea are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Arabia Petraea

Aramaic

Aramaic (ˀərāmiṯ; arāmāˀiṯ) is a Northwest Semitic language that originated in the ancient region of Syria and quickly spread to Mesopotamia, the southern Levant, southeastern Anatolia, Eastern Arabia and the Sinai Peninsula, where it has been continually written and spoken in different varieties for over three thousand years.

See Roman Syria and Aramaic

Arameans

The Arameans, or Aramaeans (𐤀𐤓𐤌𐤉𐤀,,; אֲרַמִּים; Ἀραμαῖοι; ܐܪ̈ܡܝܐ), were a tribal Semitic people in the ancient Near East, first documented in historical sources from the late 12th century BC. Roman Syria and Arameans are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Arameans

Arethusa (see)

Arethusa (or Aretusa) was a city in the Roman province of Syria, near Apameia.

See Roman Syria and Arethusa (see)

Assyria (Roman province)

Assyria was a short-lived Roman province in Mesopotamia that was created by Trajan in 116 during his campaign against the Parthian Empire. Roman Syria and Assyria (Roman province) are states and territories disestablished in the 2nd century.

See Roman Syria and Assyria (Roman province)

Augustus

Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (Octavianus), was the founder of the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Augustus

Avidius Cassius

Gaius Avidius Cassius (130 – July 175 AD) was a Syrian Roman general and usurper.

See Roman Syria and Avidius Cassius

Baniyas

Baniyas (بَانِيَاس) is a Mediterranean coastal city in Tartous Governorate, northwestern Syria, located south of Latakia and north of Tartous.

See Roman Syria and Baniyas

Bar Kokhba revolt

The Bar Kokhba revolt (מֶרֶד בַּר כּוֹכְבָא) was a large-scale armed rebellion initiated by the Jews of Judea, led by Simon bar Kokhba, against the Roman Empire in 132 CE. Roman Syria and bar Kokhba revolt are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Bar Kokhba revolt

Battle of Barbalissos

The Battle of Barbalissos was fought between the Sasanian Persians and Romans at Barbalissos. Shapur I used Roman incursions into Armenia as pretext and resumed hostilities with the Romans. The Sassanids attacked a Roman force of 60,000 strong at Barbalissos and the Roman army was destroyed. The defeat of this large Roman force left the Roman east open to attack and led to the eventual capture of Antioch and Dura Europos three years later.

See Roman Syria and Battle of Barbalissos

Battle of Beth Horon (66)

The Battle of Beth Horon was a military engagement fought in 66 CE between the Roman army and Jewish rebels in the early phase of the First Jewish–Roman War. Roman Syria and Battle of Beth Horon (66) are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Battle of Beth Horon (66)

Battle of Edessa

The Battle of Edessa took place between the armies of the Roman Empire under the command of Emperor Valerian and the Sasanian Empire (an Iranian imperial dynasty) under Shahanshah (King of the Kings) Shapur I, in Edessa (now the Turkish city of Urfa) in 260.

See Roman Syria and Battle of Edessa

Battle of the Iron Bridge

The Battle of the Iron Bridge was fought between the Muslim Rashidun army and the Byzantine army in 637 AD.

See Roman Syria and Battle of the Iron Bridge

Battle of the Yarmuk

The Battle of the Yarmuk (also spelled Yarmouk) was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Arab Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.

See Roman Syria and Battle of the Yarmuk

Berytus

Berytus (Biruta; Bērytós; Bērȳtus), briefly known as Laodicea in Phoenicia (Λαοδίκεια ἡ ἐν Φοινίκῃ) or Laodicea in Canaan from the 2nd century to 64 BCE, was the ancient city of Beirut (in modern-day Lebanon) from the Roman Republic through the Roman Empire and Early Byzantine period/late antiquity.

See Roman Syria and Berytus

Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Roman Syria and Byzantine Empire are former countries in West Asia.

See Roman Syria and Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the Komnenos dynasty for a period of 104 years, from 1081 to about 1185.

See Roman Syria and Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty

Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628

The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 was the final and most devastating of the series of wars fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sasanian Empire.

See Roman Syria and Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628

Client state

In the field of international relations, a client state, is a state that is economically, politically, and militarily subordinated to a more powerful controlling state.

See Roman Syria and Client state

Coele Syria (Roman province)

Coele Syria (Κοίλη Συρία, Koílē Syría) was a Roman province which Septimius Severus created with Syria Phoenice in 198 by dividing the province of Syria. Roman Syria and Coele Syria (Roman province) are states and territories established in the 190s.

See Roman Syria and Coele Syria (Roman province)

Coele-Syria

Coele-Syria (Κοίλη Συρία, Koílē Syría, 'Hollow Syria') was a region of Syria in classical antiquity.

See Roman Syria and Coele-Syria

Commagene

Commagene (Κομμαγηνή) was an ancient Greco-Iranian kingdom ruled by a Hellenized branch of the Iranian Orontid dynasty that had ruled over Armenia. Roman Syria and Commagene are Seleucid Empire successor states.

See Roman Syria and Commagene

Coponius

Coponius was the first Roman governor (prefect) of Judaea province (from 6 CE to 9 CE).

See Roman Syria and Coponius

Crisis of the Roman Republic

The crisis of the Roman Republic was an extended period of political instability and social unrest from about to 44 BC that culminated in the demise of the Roman Republic and the advent of the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Crisis of the Roman Republic

Crisis of the Third Century

The Crisis of the Third Century, also known as the Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis (235–285), was a period in Roman history during which the Roman Empire had nearly collapsed under the combined pressure of repeated foreign invasions, civil wars and economic disintegration.

See Roman Syria and Crisis of the Third Century

Cyrrhus

Cyrrhus (Kyrrhos) is a city in ancient Syria founded by Seleucus Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals.

See Roman Syria and Cyrrhus

Decapolis

The Decapolis (Greek: label) was a group of ten Hellenistic cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire in the Southern Levant in the first centuries BC and AD. Roman Syria and Decapolis are 60s BC establishments and states and territories disestablished in the 2nd century.

See Roman Syria and Decapolis

Diocese of the East

The Diocese of the East, also called the Diocese of Oriens, (Dioecesis Orientis; Διοίκησις Ἑῴα) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the western Middle East, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.

See Roman Syria and Diocese of the East

Diocletian

Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.

See Roman Syria and Diocletian

Edom

Edom (Edomite: 𐤀𐤃𐤌; אֱדוֹם, lit.: "red"; Akkadian: 𒌑𒁺𒈪, 𒌑𒁺𒈬; Ancient Egyptian) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan, located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west, and the Arabian Desert to the south and east. Roman Syria and Edom are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Edom

Ethnarch

Ethnarch (pronounced, also ethnarches, ἐθνάρχης) is a term that refers generally to political leadership over a common ethnic group or homogeneous kingdom.

See Roman Syria and Ethnarch

Euphratensis

Euphratensis (Latin for "Euphratean"; Εὑφρατησία, Euphratēsía), fully Augusta Euphratensis, was a late Roman and then Byzantine province in Syrian region, part of the Byzantine Diocese of the East.

See Roman Syria and Euphratensis

Euphrates

The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.

See Roman Syria and Euphrates

Fatimid Caliphate

The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.

See Roman Syria and Fatimid Caliphate

First Jewish–Roman War

The First Jewish–Roman War (66–74 CE), sometimes called the Great Jewish Revolt (ha-Mered Ha-Gadol), or The Jewish War, was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews against the Roman Empire fought in the province of Judaea, resulting in the destruction of Jewish towns, the displacement of its people and the appropriation of land for Roman military use, as well as the destruction of the Jewish Temple and polity.

See Roman Syria and First Jewish–Roman War

Gabula (Syria)

Gabula was an ancient city and former bishopric in Roman Syria, and remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

See Roman Syria and Gabula (Syria)

Gaius Cestius Gallus (governor of Syria)

Gaius Cestius Gallus (d. 67 AD) was a Roman senator and general who was active during the Principate.

See Roman Syria and Gaius Cestius Gallus (governor of Syria)

Galilee

Galilee (hagGālīl; Galilaea; al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon.

See Roman Syria and Galilee

Hadrian

Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138.

See Roman Syria and Hadrian

Hama

Hama (حَمَاة,; lit; Ḥămāṯ) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria.

See Roman Syria and Hama

Hamdanid dynasty

The Hamdanid dynasty (al-Ḥamdāniyyūn) was a Shia Muslim Arab dynasty of Northern Mesopotamia and Syria (890–1004).

See Roman Syria and Hamdanid dynasty

Hatay Province

Hatay Province (Hatay ili,, translit) is the southernmost province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey.

See Roman Syria and Hatay Province

Hauran

The Hauran (Ḥawrān; also spelled Hawran or Houran) is a region that spans parts of southern Syria and northern Jordan.

See Roman Syria and Hauran

Hellenization

Hellenization (also spelled Hellenisation) or Hellenism is the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language, and identity by non-Greeks.

See Roman Syria and Hellenization

Heraclius

Heraclius (Hērákleios; – 11 February 641) was Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641.

See Roman Syria and Heraclius

Herod Agrippa

Herod Agrippa (Roman name Marcus Julius Agrippa), also known as Herod II or Agrippa I, was the last Jewish king of Judea.

See Roman Syria and Herod Agrippa

Herod Agrippa II

Herod Agrippa II (AD 27/28 – or 100), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes shortened to Agrippa, was the last ruler from the Herodian dynasty, reigning over territories outside of Judea as a Roman client.

See Roman Syria and Herod Agrippa II

Herod Antipas

Herod Antipas (Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērǭdēs Antipas) was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea. Roman Syria and Herod Antipas are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Herod Antipas

Herod Archelaus

Herod Archelaus (Hērōidēs Archelaos; 23 BC &ndash) was the ethnarch of Samaria, Judea, and Idumea, including the cities Caesarea and Jaffa, for nine years. Roman Syria and Herod Archelaus are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Herod Archelaus

Herodian kingdom

The Herodian kingdom was a client state of the Roman Republic ruled from 37 to 4 BCE by Herod the Great, who was appointed "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate. Roman Syria and Herodian kingdom are states and territories established in the 1st century BC.

See Roman Syria and Herodian kingdom

Herodian tetrarchy

The Herodian tetrarchy was a regional division of a client state of Rome, formed following the death of Herod the Great in 4 BCE. Roman Syria and Herodian tetrarchy are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire and states and territories established in the 1st century BC.

See Roman Syria and Herodian tetrarchy

History of Syria

The history of Syria covers events which occurred on the territory of the present Syrian Arab Republic and events which occurred in the region of Syria.

See Roman Syria and History of Syria

History of the Arabs

The recorded history of the Arabs begins in the mid-9th century BCE, which is the earliest known attestation of the Old Arabic language. Tradition holds that Arabs descend from Ishmael, the son of Abraham.

See Roman Syria and History of the Arabs

Homs

Homs (حِمْص / ALA-LC:; Levantine Arabic: حُمْص / Ḥomṣ), known in pre-Islamic Syria as Emesa (Émesa), is a city in western Syria and the capital of the Homs Governorate.

See Roman Syria and Homs

Iturea

Iturea or Ituraea (Ἰτουραία, Itouraía) is the Greek name of a Levantine region north of Galilee during the Late Hellenistic and early Roman periods.

See Roman Syria and Iturea

Jableh

Jableh (جَبْلَةٌ;, also spelt Jebleh, Jabala, Jablah, Gabala or Gibellum) is a Mediterranean coastal city in Syria, north of Baniyas and south of Latakia, with c. 80,000 inhabitants (2004 census).

See Roman Syria and Jableh

Jews

The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.

See Roman Syria and Jews

Jindires

Jindires (جنديرس; Cindirês or Cindirêsê) is a town in northern Syria in the Afrin District of the Aleppo Governorate.

See Roman Syria and Jindires

John I Tzimiskes

John I Tzimiskes (925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine emperor from 969 to 976.

See Roman Syria and John I Tzimiskes

Judaea (Roman province)

Judaea (Iudaea; translit) was a Roman province from 6 to 132 AD, which incorporated the Levantine regions of Idumea, Philistia, Judea, Samaria and Galilee, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea. Roman Syria and Judaea (Roman province) are states and territories disestablished in the 2nd century.

See Roman Syria and Judaea (Roman province)

Judea

Judea or Judaea (Ἰουδαία,; Iudaea) is a mountainous region of the Levant.

See Roman Syria and Judea

Justinian I

Justinian I (Iūstīniānus,; Ioustinianós,; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565.

See Roman Syria and Justinian I

Khanasir

Khanasir (خناصر / ALA-LC: Khanāṣir),France, 2007, p. 243.

See Roman Syria and Khanasir

Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Armenia, also the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, or simply Greater Armenia or Armenia Major (Մեծ Հայք; Armenia Maior) sometimes referred to as the Armenian Empire, was a kingdom in the Ancient Near East which existed from 331 BC to 428 AD. Roman Syria and kingdom of Armenia (antiquity) are Seleucid Empire successor states.

See Roman Syria and Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Lajat

The Lajat (/ALA-LC: al-Lajāʾ), also spelled Lejat, Lajah, el-Leja or Laja, is the largest lava field in southern Syria, spanning some 900 square kilometers.

See Roman Syria and Lajat

Laodicea in Syria

Laodicea (Λαοδίκεια) was a port city and important colonia of the Roman Empire in ancient Syria, near the modern city of Latakia.

See Roman Syria and Laodicea in Syria

Lebanon

Lebanon (Lubnān), officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia.

See Roman Syria and Lebanon

Legatus

A legatus (anglicised as legate) was a high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman army, equivalent to a high-ranking general officer of modern times.

See Roman Syria and Legatus

Legio III Gallica

Legio III Gallica (Third Legion "Gallic") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. Roman Syria and legio III Gallica are 1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic.

See Roman Syria and Legio III Gallica

Legio XII Fulminata

Legio XII Fulminata ("Thunderbolt Twelfth Legion"), also known as Paterna, Victrix, Antiqua, Certa Constans, and Galliena, was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. Roman Syria and legio XII Fulminata are 1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic.

See Roman Syria and Legio XII Fulminata

Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.

See Roman Syria and Levant

List of Roman governors of Syria

This is a list of governors of the Roman province of Syria. Roman Syria and list of Roman governors of Syria are 60s BC establishments.

See Roman Syria and List of Roman governors of Syria

Macedonian dynasty

The Macedonian dynasty (Greek: Μακεδονική Δυναστεία) ruled the Byzantine Empire from 867 to 1056, following the Amorian dynasty.

See Roman Syria and Macedonian dynasty

Manbij

Manbij (Manbiǧ, Minbic, Münbiç, Menbic, or Menbiç) is a city in the northeast of Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria, west of the Euphrates.

See Roman Syria and Manbij

Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (praetor 56 BC)

Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (born 92 BC; until 52 BC) was a Roman politician of the 1st century BC and son of Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and Caecilia Metella.

See Roman Syria and Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (praetor 56 BC)

Mariamme

Mariamme was a city in the late Roman province of Syria I, corresponding to present-day Qal'at El-Hosn or Krak des Chevaliers.

See Roman Syria and Mariamme

Marwanids (Diyar Bakr)

The Marwanids or Dustakids, Marwanid Emirate (983/990-1085) were a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty in the Diyar Bakr region of Upper Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq/southeastern Turkey) and Armenia, centered on the city of Amid (Diyarbakır).

See Roman Syria and Marwanids (Diyar Bakr)

Mirdasid dynasty

The Mirdasid dynasty (al-Mirdāsiyyīn), also called the Banu Mirdas, was an Arab Shia Muslim dynasty which ruled an Aleppo-based emirate in northern Syria and the western Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) more or less continuously from 1024 until 1080.

See Roman Syria and Mirdasid dynasty

Muslim conquest of the Levant

The Muslim conquest of the Levant (Fatḥ al-šām; lit. "Conquest of Syria"), or Arab conquest of Syria, was a 634–638 CE invasion of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate.

See Roman Syria and Muslim conquest of the Levant

Nikephoros II Phokas

Nikephoros II Phokas (Νικηφόρος Φωκᾶς, Nikēphóros Phōkãs; – 11 December 969), Latinized Nicephorus II Phocas, was Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969.

See Roman Syria and Nikephoros II Phokas

Ottoman Syria

Ottoman Syria (سوريا العثمانية) was a group of divisions of the Ottoman Empire within the region of Syria, usually defined as being east of the Mediterranean Sea, west of the Euphrates River, north of the Arabian Desert and south of the Taurus Mountains.

See Roman Syria and Ottoman Syria

Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (ODB) is a three-volume historical dictionary published by the English Oxford University Press.

See Roman Syria and Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium

Palmyra

Palmyra (Palmyrene:, romanized: Tadmor; Tadmur) is an ancient city in the eastern part of the Levant, now in the center of modern Syria.

See Roman Syria and Palmyra

Palmyrene Empire

The Palmyrene Empire was a short-lived breakaway state from the Roman Empire resulting from the Crisis of the Third Century. Roman Syria and Palmyrene Empire are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Palmyrene Empire

Parthia

Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran.

See Roman Syria and Parthia

Perea

Perea or Peraea (Greek: Περαία, "the country beyond") was the term used mainly during the early Roman period for part of ancient Transjordan. Roman Syria and Perea are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Perea

Pescennius Niger

Gaius Pescennius Niger (c. 135 – 194) was a Roman usurper from 193 to 194 during the Year of the Five Emperors.

See Roman Syria and Pescennius Niger

Philip II Philoromaeus

Philip II Philoromaeus (Φίλιππος ὁ Φιλορωμαῖος, "Friend of the Romans") or Barypous (Βαρύπους, "Heavy-foot"), a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, was the son of the Seleucid king Philip I Philadelphus, and the last Seleucid king.

See Roman Syria and Philip II Philoromaeus

Philip the Arab

Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus "Arabs"; 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249.

See Roman Syria and Philip the Arab

Philip the Tetrarch

Philip the Tetrarch, sometimes called Herod Philip II by modern writers (see "Naming convention") was the son of Herod the Great and his fifth wife, Cleopatra of Jerusalem.

See Roman Syria and Philip the Tetrarch

Phoenice (Roman province)

Phoenice (Syria Phoenīcē; hē Phoinī́kē Syría) was a province of the Roman Empire, encompassing the historical region of Phoenicia. Roman Syria and Phoenice (Roman province) are 60s BC establishments and states and territories established in the 190s.

See Roman Syria and Phoenice (Roman province)

Phoenicia

Phoenicia, or Phœnicia, was an ancient Semitic thalassocratic civilization originating in the coastal strip of the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily located in modern Lebanon. Roman Syria and Phoenicia are ancient Levant.

See Roman Syria and Phoenicia

Phoenician language

Phoenician (Phoenician) is an extinct Canaanite Semitic language originally spoken in the region surrounding the cities of Tyre and Sidon.

See Roman Syria and Phoenician language

Pompey

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic.

See Roman Syria and Pompey

Pompey's eastern settlement

Pompey's eastern settlement was the reorganization of Asia Minor and the Levant carried out by the Roman general Pompey in the 60s BC, in the aftermath of his suppression of piracy, his victory in the Third Mithridatic War and the dissolution of the Seleucid Empire, which brought the entire Near East under Roman control.

See Roman Syria and Pompey's eastern settlement

Prefect

Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, substantive adjectival form of praeficere: "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.

See Roman Syria and Prefect

Qinnasrin

Qinnašrīn (Qinnašrīn; lit; Chalcis ad Belum; Khalkìs), was a historical town in northern Syria.

See Roman Syria and Qinnasrin

Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus

Marcus Paccius Silvanus Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus (also known as Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus) was a Roman senator of the 2nd century.

See Roman Syria and Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus

Quirinius

Publius Sulpicius Quirinius (c. 51 BC – AD 21), also translated as Cyrenius, was a Roman aristocrat.

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Raphanea

Raphanea or Raphaneae (Ῥαφάνεια; al-Rafaniyya; colloquial: Rafniye) was a city of the late Roman province of Syria Secunda.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome. Roman Syria and Roman Empire are former countries in West Asia and states and territories established in the 1st century BC.

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Roman province

The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium. Roman Syria and Roman Republic are former countries in West Asia.

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Roman Senate

The Roman Senate (Senātus Rōmānus) was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy.

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Salamiyah

A full view of Shmemis (spring 1995) Salamiyah or Salamieh (سلمية) is a city and district in western Syria, in the Hama Governorate.

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Samaria

Samaria is the Hellenized form of the Hebrew name Shomron (translit), used as a historical and biblical name for the central region of Israel, bordered by Judea to the south and Galilee to the north.

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Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.

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Seleucia ad Belum

Seleucia (Σελεύκεια, Seleukeia), distinguished as Seleucia-near-Belus (Σελεύκεια πρὸς Βήλῳ, Seleúkeia pròs Bḗlōi,Ptolemy, Geography, Bk. 5, Ch.

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Seleucia Pieria

Seleucia in Pieria (Greek Σελεύκεια ἐν Πιερίᾳ), also known in English as Seleucia by the Sea, and later named Suedia, was a Hellenistic town, the seaport of Antioch ad Orontes (Syria Prima), the Seleucid capital, modern Antakya (Turkey).

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Seleucid Empire

The Seleucid Empire (lit) was a Greek power in West Asia during the Hellenistic period. Roman Syria and Seleucid Empire are former countries in West Asia.

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Seljuk dynasty

The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (سلجوقیان Saljuqian, alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs, also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire." or the Saljuqids, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture in West Asia and Central Asia.

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Septimius Severus

Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211.

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Shahba

Shahba (شَهْبَا / ALA-LC: Shahbā) is a city located south of Damascus in the Jabal el Druze in As-Suwayda Governorate of Syria, but formerly in the Roman province of Arabia Petraea.

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Shaizar

Shaizar or Shayzar (شيزر; in modern Arabic Saijar; Hellenistic name: Larissa in Syria, Λάρισσα εν Συρία in Greek) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located northwest of Hama.

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Shapur I

Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Šābuhr) was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran.

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Sidon

Sidon or Saida (Ṣaydā) is the third-largest city in Lebanon.

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Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.

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Syria Palaestina

Syria Palaestina (Syría hē Palaistínē) was a Roman province in the Palestine region between the early 2nd and late 4th centuries AD. Roman Syria and Syria Palaestina are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

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Syria Prima

Syria I or Syria Prima ("First Syria", in Πρώτη Συρία, Prṓtē Suríā) was a Byzantine province, formed c. 415 out of Syria Coele.

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Syrian Coastal Mountain Range

The Coastal Mountain Range (سلسلة الجبال الساحلية, Silsilat al-Jibāl as-Sāḥilīyah) also called Jabal al-Ansariya, Jabal an-Nusayria or Jabal al-`Alawīyin (Ansari, Nusayri or Alawi Mountains) is a mountain range in northwestern Syria running north–south, parallel to the coastal plain.

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Syro-Hittite states

The states called Neo-Hittite, Syro-Hittite (in older literature), or Luwian-Aramean (in modern scholarly works) were Luwian and Aramean regional polities of the Iron Age, situated in southeastern parts of modern Turkey and northwestern parts of modern Syria, known in ancient times as lands of Hatti and Aram. Roman Syria and Syro-Hittite states are ancient Levant.

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Tel Dor

Tel Dor (דוֹר or, meaning "generation", "habitation") or Tell el-Burj, also Khirbet el-Burj in Arabic (lit. Tell, or Ruin, of the Tower), is an archaeological site located on the Israeli coastal plain of the Mediterranean Sea next to modern moshav Dor, about south of Haifa, and west of Hadera.

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Theodor Mommsen

Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist.

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Theodorias (province)

Theodorias (Θεοδωριάς) was a Byzantine province created in 528 by Emperor Justinian I and named in honour of his wife, the Empress Theodora.

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Third Mithridatic War

The Third Mithridatic War (73–63 BC), the last and longest of the three Mithridatic Wars, was fought between Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman Republic.

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Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus

Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus (Greek: Πομπηιανός; 125 – 193 AD) was a politician and military commander during the 2nd century in the Roman Empire.

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Tigranes the Great

Tigranes II, more commonly known as Tigranes the Great (Tigran Mets in Armenian; Τιγράνης ὁ Μέγας,; Tigranes Magnus; 140 – 55 BC), was a king of Armenia.

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Titular see

A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese".

See Roman Syria and Titular see

Titus

Titus Caesar Vespasianus (30 December 39 – 13 September AD 81) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. Roman Syria and Titus are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

See Roman Syria and Titus

Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

See Roman Syria and Turkey

Tyre, Lebanon

Tyre (translit; translit; Týros) or Tyr, Sur, or Sour is a city in Lebanon, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, though in medieval times for some centuries by just a small population.

See Roman Syria and Tyre, Lebanon

University of Haifa

The University of Haifa (אוניברסיטת חיפה, جامعة حيفا) is a public research university located on Mount Carmel in Haifa, Israel.

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Vespasian

Vespasian (Vespasianus; 17 November AD 9 – 23 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79. Roman Syria and Vespasian are Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire.

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Vitellius

Aulus Vitellius (24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69.

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West Semitic languages

The West Semitic languages are a proposed major sub-grouping of ancient Semitic languages.

See Roman Syria and West Semitic languages

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Syria

Also known as Byzantine Syria, History of Roman Syria, Province of Syria, Provincia Syria, Roman province of Syria, Syria (Byzantine province), Syria (Roman Province), Syria II Salutaris, Syria Salutaris, Syria Secunda, Syria-Coele (Roman province).

, Hamdanid dynasty, Hatay Province, Hauran, Hellenization, Heraclius, Herod Agrippa, Herod Agrippa II, Herod Antipas, Herod Archelaus, Herodian kingdom, Herodian tetrarchy, History of Syria, History of the Arabs, Homs, Iturea, Jableh, Jews, Jindires, John I Tzimiskes, Judaea (Roman province), Judea, Justinian I, Khanasir, Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Lajat, Laodicea in Syria, Lebanon, Legatus, Legio III Gallica, Legio XII Fulminata, Levant, List of Roman governors of Syria, Macedonian dynasty, Manbij, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (praetor 56 BC), Mariamme, Marwanids (Diyar Bakr), Mirdasid dynasty, Muslim conquest of the Levant, Nikephoros II Phokas, Ottoman Syria, Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Palmyra, Palmyrene Empire, Parthia, Perea, Pescennius Niger, Philip II Philoromaeus, Philip the Arab, Philip the Tetrarch, Phoenice (Roman province), Phoenicia, Phoenician language, Pompey, Pompey's eastern settlement, Prefect, Qinnasrin, Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius Antiquus, Quirinius, Raphanea, Roman Empire, Roman province, Roman Republic, Roman Senate, Salamiyah, Samaria, Sasanian Empire, Seleucia ad Belum, Seleucia Pieria, Seleucid Empire, Seljuk dynasty, Septimius Severus, Shahba, Shaizar, Shapur I, Sidon, Syria, Syria Palaestina, Syria Prima, Syrian Coastal Mountain Range, Syro-Hittite states, Tel Dor, Theodor Mommsen, Theodorias (province), Third Mithridatic War, Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus, Tigranes the Great, Titular see, Titus, Turkey, Tyre, Lebanon, University of Haifa, Vespasian, Vitellius, West Semitic languages.

Roman Syria, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

190s disestablishments in the Roman Empire

198 disestablishments