Ruff (bird), the Glossary
The ruff (Calidris pugnax) is a medium-sized wading bird that breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia.[1]
Table of Contents
121 relations: Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds, Allele, Ancient Greek, Androstenedione, Aristotle, Autosome, Avian influenza, Avian malaria, Bar-tailed godwit, Base pair, Binomial nomenclature, Bird conservation, Bird egg, Bird migration, Bird nest, Bird ringing, Blasius Merrem, BMC Ecology and Evolution, Botulism, British Birds (magazine), British Trust for Ornithology, Buff-breasted sandpiper, Caddisfly, Carl Linnaeus, Carrion crow, CENPN, Centromere, Chromosomal inversion, Chromosome, Cis-regulatory element, Common raven, Corvidae, Cyperaceae, Danish Nature Agency, Deletion (genetics), Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Dominance (genetics), Estrogen, European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, Feral cat, Forage, Fox, Friesland, Gene, Gene expression, Genotype, George Neville (bishop), Germany, Great skua, Gull, ... Expand index (71 more) »
- Birds of Scandinavia
- Calidris
- Wading birds
Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
The Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds, or African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA) is an independent international treaty developed under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Programme's Convention on Migratory Species.
See Ruff (bird) and Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
Allele
An allele, or allelomorph, is a variant of the sequence of nucleotides at a particular location, or locus, on a DNA molecule.
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Ruff (bird) and Ancient Greek
Androstenedione
Androstenedione, or 4-androstenedione (abbreviated as A4 or Δ4-dione), also known as androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
See Ruff (bird) and Androstenedione
Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.
Autosome
An autosome is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
Avian influenza
Avian influenza, also known as avian flu or bird flu, is a disease caused by the influenza A virus, which primarily affects birds but can sometimes affect mammals including humans.
See Ruff (bird) and Avian influenza
Avian malaria
Avian malaria is a parasitic disease of birds, caused by parasite species belonging to the genera Plasmodium and Hemoproteus (phylum Apicomplexa, class Haemosporidia, family Plasmoiidae).
See Ruff (bird) and Avian malaria
Bar-tailed godwit
The bar-tailed godwit (Limosa lapponica) is a large and strongly migratory wader in the family Scolopacidae, which feeds on bristle-worms and shellfish on coastal mudflats and estuaries. Ruff (bird) and bar-tailed godwit are birds described in 1758, birds of Africa, birds of Russia and birds of Scandinavia.
See Ruff (bird) and Bar-tailed godwit
Base pair
A base pair (bp) is a fundamental unit of double-stranded nucleic acids consisting of two nucleobases bound to each other by hydrogen bonds.
Binomial nomenclature
In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.
See Ruff (bird) and Binomial nomenclature
Bird conservation
Bird conservation is a field in the science of conservation biology related to threatened birds.
See Ruff (bird) and Bird conservation
Bird egg
Bird eggs are laid by the females and range in quantity from one (as in condors) to up to seventeen (the grey partridge).
Bird migration
Bird migration is a seasonal movement of birds between breeding and wintering grounds that occurs twice a year.
See Ruff (bird) and Bird migration
Bird nest
A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its eggs and raises its young.
Bird ringing
Bird ringing (UK) or bird banding (US) is the attachment of a small, individually numbered metal or plastic tag to the leg or wing of a wild bird to enable individual identification.
See Ruff (bird) and Bird ringing
Blasius Merrem
Blasius Merrem (4 February 1761 – 23 February 1824) was a German naturalist, zoologist, ornithologist, mathematician, and herpetologist.
See Ruff (bird) and Blasius Merrem
BMC Ecology and Evolution
BMC Ecology and Evolution (since January 2021), previously BMC Evolutionary Biology (2001–2020), is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering all fields of evolutionary biology, including phylogenetics and palaeontology.
See Ruff (bird) and BMC Ecology and Evolution
Botulism
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
British Birds (magazine)
British Birds is a monthly ornithology magazine that was established in 1907.
See Ruff (bird) and British Birds (magazine)
British Trust for Ornithology
The British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) is an organisation founded in 1932 for the study of birds in the British Isles.
See Ruff (bird) and British Trust for Ornithology
Buff-breasted sandpiper
The buff-breasted sandpiper (Calidris subruficollis) is a small shorebird. Ruff (bird) and buff-breasted sandpiper are Calidris.
See Ruff (bird) and Buff-breasted sandpiper
Caddisfly
The caddisflies, or order Trichoptera, are a group of insects with aquatic larvae and terrestrial adults.
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,Blunt (2004), p. 171.
See Ruff (bird) and Carl Linnaeus
Carrion crow
The carrion crow (Corvus corone) is a passerine bird of the family Corvidae, native to western Europe and the eastern Palearctic. Ruff (bird) and carrion crow are birds described in 1758.
See Ruff (bird) and Carrion crow
CENPN
Centromere protein N is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPN gene.
Centromere
The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division.
See Ruff (bird) and Centromere
Chromosomal inversion
An inversion is a chromosome rearrangement in which a segment of a chromosome becomes inverted within its original position.
See Ruff (bird) and Chromosomal inversion
Chromosome
A chromosome is a package of DNA with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
See Ruff (bird) and Chromosome
Cis-regulatory element
Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) or cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) are regions of non-coding DNA which regulate the transcription of neighboring genes.
See Ruff (bird) and Cis-regulatory element
Common raven
The common raven (Corvus corax) is a large all-black passerine bird. Ruff (bird) and common raven are birds described in 1758.
See Ruff (bird) and Common raven
Corvidae
Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine passerine birds that contains the crows, ravens, rooks, magpies, jackdaws, jays, treepies, choughs, and nutcrackers.
Cyperaceae
The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges.
See Ruff (bird) and Cyperaceae
Danish Nature Agency
The Danish Nature Agency (Danish: Naturstyrelsen) is part of the Ministry of Environment (Miljøministeriet), and deals with a number of tasks in nature conservation and forestry.
See Ruff (bird) and Danish Nature Agency
Deletion (genetics)
In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: Δ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left out during DNA replication.
See Ruff (bird) and Deletion (genetics)
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom.
See Ruff (bird) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Dominance (genetics)
In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant (allele) of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.
See Ruff (bird) and Dominance (genetics)
Estrogen
Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.
European Association of Zoos and Aquaria
The European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) is an organisation for the European zoo and aquarium community that links over 340 member organisations in 41 countries.
See Ruff (bird) and European Association of Zoos and Aquaria
Feral cat
A feral cat or a stray cat is an unowned domestic cat (Felis catus) that lives outdoors and avoids human contact; it does not allow itself to be handled or touched, and usually remains hidden from humans.
Forage
Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock.
Fox
Foxes are small-to-medium-sized omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae.
Friesland
Friesland (official Fryslân), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, named after the Frisians, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part.
Gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings.
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.
See Ruff (bird) and Gene expression
Genotype
The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material.
George Neville (bishop)
George Neville (1432 – 8 June 1476) was Archbishop of York from 1465 until 1476 and Chancellor of England from 1460 until 1467 and again from 1470 until 1471.
See Ruff (bird) and George Neville (bishop)
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.
Great skua
The great skua (Stercorarius skua), sometimes known by the name bonxie in Britain, is a large seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. Ruff (bird) and great skua are birds of Scandinavia.
See Ruff (bird) and Great skua
Gull
Gulls, or colloquially seagulls, are seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari.
Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which genetic information is exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of double-stranded or single-stranded nucleic acids (usually DNA as in cellular organisms but may be also RNA in viruses).
See Ruff (bird) and Homologous recombination
Homosexual behavior in animals
Various non-human animal species exhibit behavior that can be interpreted as homosexual or bisexual, often referred to as same-sex sexual behavior (SSSB) by scientists.
See Ruff (bird) and Homosexual behavior in animals
Hooded crow
The hooded crow (Corvus cornix), also called the scald-crow or hoodie, is a Eurasian bird species in the genus Corvus. Ruff (bird) and hooded crow are birds described in 1758.
See Ruff (bird) and Hooded crow
HSD17B2
17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (17β-HSD2) is an enzyme of the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) family that in humans is encoded by the HSD17B2 gene.
Immune system
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases.
See Ruff (bird) and Immune system
Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects.
See Ruff (bird) and Insecticide
Irrigation
Irrigation (also referred to as watering of plants) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops, landscape plants, and lawns.
See Ruff (bird) and Irrigation
IUCN Red List
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is an inventory of the global conservation status and extinction risk of biological species.
See Ruff (bird) and IUCN Red List
Joint Nature Conservation Committee
The Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) is the public body that advises the UK Government and devolved administrations on UK-wide and international nature conservation.
See Ruff (bird) and Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country mostly in Central Asia, with a part in Eastern Europe.
See Ruff (bird) and Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya (Jamhuri ya Kenya), is a country in East Africa.
Lake Chilwa
Lake Chilwa is the second-largest lake in Malawi after Lake Malawi.
See Ruff (bird) and Lake Chilwa
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Layover
Layover for buses at LACMTA's Warner Center Transit Hub, Los Angeles In scheduled transportation, a layover (also waypoint, way station, or connection) is a point where a vehicle stops, with passengers possibly changing vehicles.
Least-concern species
A least-concern species is a species that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as evaluated as not being a focus of wildlife conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wild.
See Ruff (bird) and Least-concern species
Lek mating
A lek is an aggregation of male animals gathered to engage in competitive displays and courtship rituals, known as lekking, to entice visiting females which are surveying prospective partners with which to mate.
See Ruff (bird) and Lek mating
Lethality
Lethality (also called deadliness or perniciousness) is how capable something is of causing death.
Life expectancy
Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age.
See Ruff (bird) and Life expectancy
Lipid
Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others.
Locus (genetics)
In genetics, a locus (loci) is a specific, fixed position on a chromosome where a particular gene or genetic marker is located.
See Ruff (bird) and Locus (genetics)
Lynx Nature Books
Lynx Nature Books is a Spanish publishing company specializing in ornithology and natural history.
See Ruff (bird) and Lynx Nature Books
Malawi
Malawi (in Chichewa and Chitumbuka), officially the Republic of Malawi and formerly known as Nyasaland, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa.
Marsh
In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.
Mayfly
Mayflies (also known as shadflies or fishflies in Canada and the upper Midwestern United States, as Canadian soldiers in the American Great Lakes region, and as up-winged flies in the United Kingdom) are aquatic insects belonging to the order Ephemeroptera.
Meadow
A meadow is an open habitat or field, vegetated by grasses, herbs, and other non-woody plants.
Mendelian inheritance
Mendelian inheritance (also known as Mendelism) is a type of biological inheritance following the principles originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866, re-discovered in 1900 by Hugo de Vries and Carl Correns, and later popularized by William Bateson.
See Ruff (bird) and Mendelian inheritance
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
See Ruff (bird) and Metabolism
Moulting
In biology, moulting (British English), or molting (American English), also known as sloughing, shedding, or in many invertebrates, ecdysis, is a process by which an animal casts off parts of its body to serve some beneficial purpose, either at specific times of the year, or at specific points in its life cycle.
Mutation
In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.
Natural history
Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study.
See Ruff (bird) and Natural history
Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.
See Ruff (bird) and Near-threatened species
Old English
Old English (Englisċ or Ænglisc), or Anglo-Saxon, was the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages.
See Ruff (bird) and Old English
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Ruff (bird) and Oxford University Press
Palearctic realm
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth.
See Ruff (bird) and Palearctic realm
Parasitic jaeger
The parasitic jaeger (North America) or Arctic skua (Europe) (Stercorarius parasiticus), is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. Ruff (bird) and parasitic jaeger are birds described in 1758 and birds of Scandinavia.
See Ruff (bird) and Parasitic jaeger
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
See Ruff (bird) and Parasitism
Phalarope
A phalarope is any of three living species of slender-necked shorebirds in the genus Phalaropus of the bird family Scolopacidae.
Phenotype
In genetics, the phenotype is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often referred to colloquially as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
See Ruff (bird) and Pleistocene
Plumage
Plumage is a layer of feathers that covers a bird and the pattern, colour, and arrangement of those feathers.
Polyandry in animals
In behavioral ecology, polyandry is a class of mating system where one female mates with several males in a breeding season.
See Ruff (bird) and Polyandry in animals
Polymorphism (biology)
In biology, polymorphism is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative phenotypes, in the population of a species.
See Ruff (bird) and Polymorphism (biology)
Precociality and altriciality
Precocial species in birds and mammals are those in which the young are relatively mature and mobile from the moment of birth or hatching.
See Ruff (bird) and Precociality and altriciality
Proceedings of the Royal Society
Proceedings of the Royal Society is the main research journal of the Royal Society.
See Ruff (bird) and Proceedings of the Royal Society
In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction.
See Ruff (bird) and Reaction intermediate
Rice
Rice is a cereal grain and in its domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa.
Ruff (clothing)
A ruff is an item of clothing worn in Western, Central, and Northern Europe and Spanish America from the mid-16th century to the mid-17th century.
See Ruff (bird) and Ruff (clothing)
Sandpiper
Scolopacidae is a large family of shorebirds, or waders, which mainly includes many species known as sandpipers, but also others such as woodcocks, curlews and snipes.
Sauce boat
A sauce boat, gravy boat, or saucière is a low jug or pitcher with a handle in which sauce or gravy is served.
See Ruff (bird) and Sauce boat
Senegal
Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. Senegal is bordered by Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea to the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to the southwest. Senegal nearly surrounds The Gambia, a country occupying a narrow sliver of land along the banks of the Gambia River, which separates Senegal's southern region of Casamance from the rest of the country.
Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction.
See Ruff (bird) and Sexual dimorphism
Sexual selection
Sexual selection is a mode of natural selection in which members of one biological sex choose mates of the other sex to mate with (intersexual selection), and compete with members of the same sex for access to members of the opposite sex (intrasexual selection).
See Ruff (bird) and Sexual selection
Sharp-tailed sandpiper
The sharp-tailed sandpiper (Calidris acuminata) is a small-medium migratory wader or shorebird, found mostly in Siberia during the summer breeding period (June to August) and Australia for wintering (September to March). Ruff (bird) and sharp-tailed sandpiper are Calidris and wading birds.
See Ruff (bird) and Sharp-tailed sandpiper
Sheriff
A sheriff is a government official, with varying duties, existing in some countries with historical ties to England where the office originated.
Shrubland
Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community characterized by vegetation dominated by shrubs, often also including grasses, herbs, and geophytes.
Skua
The skuas are a group of predatory seabirds with seven species forming the genus Stercorarius, the only genus in the family Stercorariidae.
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (gregariousness) and form cooperative societies.
Special Protection Area
A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds.
See Ruff (bird) and Special Protection Area
Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone.
See Ruff (bird) and Steroid hormone
Stoat
The stoat (Mustela erminea), also known as the Eurasian ermine or ermine, is a species of mustelid native to Eurasia and the northern regions of North America.
Subsidence
Subsidence is a general term for downward vertical movement of the Earth's surface, which can be caused by both natural processes and human activities.
See Ruff (bird) and Subsidence
Systema Naturae
(originally in Latin written with the ligature æ) is one of the major works of the Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) and introduced the Linnaean taxonomy.
See Ruff (bird) and Systema Naturae
Territory (animal)
In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal consistently defends against conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against animals of other species) using agonistic behaviors or (less commonly) real physical aggression.
See Ruff (bird) and Territory (animal)
Testicle
A testicle or testis (testes) is the male gonad in all bilaterians, including humans.
Testosterone
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males.
See Ruff (bird) and Testosterone
Torticollis
Torticollis, also known as wry neck, is a painful, dystonic condition defined by an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position, which may be due to a variety of causes.
See Ruff (bird) and Torticollis
Tropics
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator.
Tundra
In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons.
United Nations Environment Programme
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is responsible for coordinating responses to environmental issues within the United Nations system.
See Ruff (bird) and United Nations Environment Programme
Wader
A flock of Dunlins and Red knots Waders or shorebirds are birds of the order Charadriiformes commonly found wading along shorelines and mudflats in order to forage for food crawling or burrowing in the mud and sand, usually small arthropods such as aquatic insects or crustaceans.
Zygosity
Zygosity (the noun, zygote, is from the Greek "yoked," from "yoke") is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence.
See also
Birds of Scandinavia
- Arctic warbler
- Atlantic puffin
- Bar-tailed godwit
- Barnacle goose
- Black guillemot
- Black-legged kittiwake
- Black-throated loon
- Broad-billed sandpiper
- Common greenshank
- Common murre
- Common ringed plover
- European golden plover
- European herring gull
- European rock pipit
- European storm petrel
- Great auk
- Great black-backed gull
- Great skua
- Great snipe
- Grey-headed chickadee
- Jack snipe
- Lapland longspur
- Lesser black-backed gull
- Lesser white-fronted goose
- Omissus
- Parasitic jaeger
- Parrot crossbill
- Purple sandpiper
- Razorbill
- Red-breasted merganser
- Red-throated pipit
- Ruff (bird)
- Siberian jay
- Snowy owl
- Spotted redshank
- Taiga bean goose
- Temminck's stint
- Tundra bean goose
- Ural owl
- Velvet scoter
- Wood sandpiper
Calidris
- B95 (red knot)
- Baird's sandpiper
- Broad-billed sandpiper
- Buff-breasted sandpiper
- Calidris
- Cox's sandpiper
- Curlew sandpiper
- Dunlin
- Erolia
- Great knot
- Little stint
- Long-toed stint
- Purple sandpiper
- Red knot
- Red-necked stint
- Rock sandpiper
- Ruff (bird)
- Sanderling
- Semipalmated sandpiper
- Sharp-tailed sandpiper
- Stilt sandpiper
- Stint
- Surfbird
- Temminck's stint
- Western sandpiper
- White-rumped sandpiper
Wading birds
- Amami woodcock
- American white ibis
- Avocet
- Bitterns
- Black-crowned night heron
- Boat-billed heron
- Botaurus
- Broad-billed sandpiper
- Charadriiformes
- Common sandpiper
- Eurasian woodcock
- Flamingos
- Great blue heron
- Great knot
- Great snipe
- Herons
- Jack snipe
- Javan woodcock
- Limpkin
- Long-toed stint
- Magellanic snipe
- Pantanal snipe
- Philippine swamphen
- Pin-tailed snipe
- Rails
- Red phalarope
- Red-necked phalarope
- Red-necked stint
- Reddish egret
- Roseate spoonbill
- Ruff (bird)
- Sandhill crane
- Sandpipers
- Sharp-tailed sandpiper
- Shorebirds
- Snowy egret
- Spotted redshank
- Storks
- Sulawesi woodcock
- Surfbird
- White-faced ibis
- Wilson's phalarope
- Woodcock
- Yellow-crowned night heron
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruff_(bird)
Also known as Calidris pugnax, Philomachus, Philomachus pugnax, Ruff bird, Tringa pugnax.
, Homologous recombination, Homosexual behavior in animals, Hooded crow, HSD17B2, Immune system, Insecticide, Irrigation, IUCN Red List, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lake Chilwa, Latin, Layover, Least-concern species, Lek mating, Lethality, Life expectancy, Lipid, Locus (genetics), Lynx Nature Books, Malawi, Marsh, Mayfly, Meadow, Mendelian inheritance, Metabolism, Moulting, Mutation, Natural history, Near-threatened species, Old English, Oxford University Press, Palearctic realm, Parasitic jaeger, Parasitism, Phalarope, Phenotype, Pleistocene, Plumage, Polyandry in animals, Polymorphism (biology), Precociality and altriciality, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Reaction intermediate, Rice, Ruff (clothing), Sandpiper, Sauce boat, Senegal, Sexual dimorphism, Sexual selection, Sharp-tailed sandpiper, Sheriff, Shrubland, Skua, Sociality, Special Protection Area, Steroid hormone, Stoat, Subsidence, Systema Naturae, Territory (animal), Testicle, Testosterone, Torticollis, Tropics, Tundra, United Nations Environment Programme, Wader, Zygosity.