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SPINA-GBeta, the Glossary

SPINA-GBeta is a calculated biomarker for pancreatic beta cell function.^[1]

27 relations: Adiponectin, Beta cell, Biomarker, Blood plasma, Blood sugar level, Blood sugar regulation, Body fat percentage, Disposition index, EC50, Ghrelin, Glucose, Glucose clamp technique, Glucose tolerance test, Glycated hemoglobin, Homeostatic model assessment, Insulin, Journal of Diabetes, Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, Pancreatic beta cell function, Pharmacokinetics, Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, Repeatability, Ryanodine, Ryanodine receptor 2, SPINA-GR, Sum activity of peripheral deiodinases, Thyroid's secretory capacity.
Endocrine procedures
Human homeostasis
Static endocrine function tests

Adiponectin

Adiponectin (also referred to as GBP-28, apM1, AdipoQ and Acrp30) is a protein hormone and adipokine, which is involved in regulating glucose levels and fatty acid breakdown.

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Beta cell

Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of insulin and amylin.

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Biomarker

In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition.

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Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

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The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood. SPINA-GBeta and blood sugar level are diabetes and human homeostasis.

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Blood sugar regulation

Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, the common name for glucose dissolved in blood plasma, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. SPINA-GBeta and blood sugar regulation are diabetes.

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Body fat percentage

The body fat percentage of an organism is the total mass of its fat divided by its total body mass, multiplied by 100; body fat includes essential body fat and storage body fat.

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Disposition index

The Disposition index (DI) is a measure for the loop gain of the insulin-glucose feedback control system. SPINA-GBeta and Disposition index are Static endocrine function tests.

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EC50

Half maximal effective concentration (EC50) is a measure of the concentration of a drug, antibody or toxicant which induces a biological response halfway between the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time.

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Ghrelin

Ghrelin (or lenomorelin, INN) is a hormone primarily produced by enteroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach, and is often called a "hunger hormone" because it increases the drive to eat.

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Glucose

Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.

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Glucose clamp technique

Glucose clamp technique is a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance.

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Glucose tolerance test

The glucose tolerance test (GTT, not to be confused with GGT test) is a medical test in which glucose is given and blood samples taken afterward to determine how quickly it is cleared from the blood.

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Glycated hemoglobin

Glycated hemoglobin, glycohemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin (Hb) that is chemically linked to a sugar. SPINA-GBeta and Glycated hemoglobin are diabetes.

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Homeostatic model assessment

The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) is a method used to quantify insulin resistance and beta-cell function. SPINA-GBeta and homeostatic model assessment are diabetes, endocrine procedures, human homeostasis and Static endocrine function tests.

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Insulin

Insulin (from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (INS) gene.

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Journal of Diabetes

The Journal of Diabetes is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal that covers research, therapeutics, and education in the field of diabetes mellitus.

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Maturity-onset diabetes of the young

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) refers to any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production.

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Pancreatic beta cell function

Pancreatic beta cell function (synonyms Gβ or, if calculated from fasting concentrations of insulin and glucose, HOMA-Beta or SPINA-GBeta) is one of the preconditions of euglycaemia, i.e. normal blood sugar regulation. SPINA-GBeta and Pancreatic beta cell function are diabetes.

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration.

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Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) is derived using the inverse of the sum of the logarithms of the fasting insulin and fasting glucose: This index correlates well with glucose clamp studies (r. SPINA-GBeta and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index are diabetes and Static endocrine function tests.

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Repeatability

Repeatability or test–retest reliability is the closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measure, when carried out under the same conditions of measurement.

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Ryanodine

Ryanodine is a poisonous diterpenoid found in the South American plant Ryania speciosa (Salicaceae).

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Ryanodine receptor 2

Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) is one of a class of ryanodine receptors and a protein found primarily in cardiac muscle.

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SPINA-GR

SPINA-GR is a calculated biomarker for insulin sensitivity. SPINA-GBeta and SPINA-GR are diabetes, endocrine procedures, human homeostasis and Static endocrine function tests.

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Sum activity of peripheral deiodinases

The sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (GD, also referred to as deiodination capacity, total deiodinase activity or, if calculated from levels of thyroid hormones, as SPINA-GD) is the maximum amount of triiodothyronine produced per time-unit under conditions of substrate saturation. SPINA-GBeta and sum activity of peripheral deiodinases are endocrine procedures and Static endocrine function tests.

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Thyroid's secretory capacity

Thyroid's secretory capacity (GT, also referred to as thyroid's incretory capacity, maximum thyroid hormone output, T4 output or, if calculated from serum levels of thyrotropin and thyroxine, as SPINA-GT) is the maximum stimulated amount of thyroxine that the thyroid can produce in a given time-unit (e.g. SPINA-GBeta and thyroid's secretory capacity are endocrine procedures and Static endocrine function tests.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPINA-GBeta