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Samanid Empire, the Glossary

The Samanid Empire (Sāmāniyān), also known as the Samanian Empire, Samanid dynasty, Samanid amirate, or simply as the Samanids, was a Persianate Sunni Muslim empire, of Iranian dehqan origin.^[1]

197 relations: Abbasid Caliphate, Abd al-Aziz ibn Nuh, Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir), Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir), Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Jayhani, Abu Ali Bal'ami, Abu Ali Chaghani, Abu Mansur Muhammad, Abu Salih Mansur, Afghanistan, Afrighids, Ahmad ibn Asad, Ahmad ibn Sahl, Ahmad Samani, Al-Tha'alibi, Ali Arslan Khan, Alid dynasties of northern Iran, Alids, Alp-Tegin, Amr ibn al-Layth, Amu Darya, Arabic, Arabs, Arjasp, Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri, Asad ibn Saman, Avicenna, Bactria, Bactrian language, Baghdad, Bahram Chobin, Bahram V, Balkh, Balkh Province, Baltic region, Battle of Balkh, Battle of Iskhabad, Bukhara, Bukhara slave trade, Bunjikat (archeological site), Buyid dynasty, Caliphate, Central Asia, Chaghaniyan, Chang (instrument), Church of the East, Culture of Iran, Daqiqi, Daylam, Daylamites, ... Expand index (147 more) »
10th century in Iran
819 establishments
999 disestablishments
9th century in Iran
Empires and kingdoms of Iran
Medieval Khorasan
States and territories disestablished in the 990s
States and territories established in the 810s
Tabaristan

Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

See Samanid Empire and Abbasid Caliphate

Abd al-Aziz ibn Nuh

Abd al-Aziz ibn Nuh (died 10th-century) was amir of the Samanids briefly in 992.

See Samanid Empire and Abd al-Aziz ibn Nuh

Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir)

Abd al-Malik I (عبدالملک; 936 or 944/5 – November 961) was amir of the Samanid Empire from 954 to 961.

See Samanid Empire and Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir)

Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir)

'Abd al-Malik II was amir of the Samanids (999).

See Samanid Empire and Abd al-Malik II (Samanid emir)

Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Jayhani

Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Jayhānī (ابو عبدالله محمد بن احمد جیهانی), or Abu Abdallah Jayhani (ابو عبدالله جیهانی; also spelled al-Gayhani, Jaihani), was the Persian vizier of the Samanid Empire from 914 to 922.

See Samanid Empire and Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Jayhani

Abu Ali Bal'ami

Abu Ali Muhammad Bal'ami (ابو علی محمد, died 992/997 CE), also called Amirak Bal'ami (امیرک بلعمی) and Bal'ami-i Kuchak (بلعمی کوچک, "Bal'ami the Younger"), was a 10th-century Persian historian, writer, and vizier to the Samanids.

See Samanid Empire and Abu Ali Bal'ami

Abu Ali Chaghani

Abu Ali Ahmad Chaghani (ابوعلی احمد چغانی; died 955) was the Muhtajid ruler of Chaghaniyan (939–955) and governor of Samanid Khurasan (939–945, 952–953).

See Samanid Empire and Abu Ali Chaghani

Abu Mansur Muhammad

Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Razzaq ibn 'Abdallah ibn Farrukh, also simply known as Abu Mansur Muhammad and Ibn 'Abd al-Razzaq, was an Iranian aristocrat who served the Samanids during the most of career, and briefly served as governor of Azerbaijan under the Buyids.

See Samanid Empire and Abu Mansur Muhammad

Abu Salih Mansur

Abu Salih Mansur (died 915) was a Samanid prince, who served as governor during the reign of his uncle Isma'il ibn Ahmad, his cousin Ahmad Samani, and Nasr II.

See Samanid Empire and Abu Salih Mansur

Afghanistan

Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Afghanistan

Afrighids

The Afrighids (Khwarazmian: ʾfryḡ) were a native Khwarezmian IranianClifford Edmund Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual, Columbia University, 1996.

See Samanid Empire and Afrighids

Ahmad ibn Asad

Ahmad ibn Asad (d. 864/865) was a Samanid Amir of Ferghana (819-864/5) and Samarkand (851/2-864/5).

See Samanid Empire and Ahmad ibn Asad

Ahmad ibn Sahl

Ahmad ibn Sahl ibn Hashim (died 920) was an Iranian aristocrat who served the Saffarids and later the Samanids.

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Ahmad Samani

Ahmad ibn Ismail (احمد سامانی; died 24 January 914) was amir of the Samanids (907–914).

See Samanid Empire and Ahmad Samani

Al-Tha'alibi

Abū Manṣūr ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Thaʿālibī (أبو منصور الثعالبي، عبد الملك بن محمد بن إسماعيل) (961–1038), was a writer famous for his anthologies and collections of epigrams.

See Samanid Empire and Al-Tha'alibi

Ali Arslan Khan

Ali Arslan Khan, Ali ibn Musa was the seventh ruler of the Karakhanids.

See Samanid Empire and Ali Arslan Khan

Alid dynasties of northern Iran

Alid dynasties of northern Iran or Alavids.

See Samanid Empire and Alid dynasties of northern Iran

Alids

The Alids are those who claim descent from Ali ibn Abi Talib (عَلِيّ بْن أَبِي طَالِب; 600–661 CE), the fourth Rashidun caliph and the first imam in Shia Islam.

See Samanid Empire and Alids

Alp-Tegin

Alp-Tegin, (الپتگین Alptegīn or Alptigīn) or Alptekin, was a Turkic slave commander of the Samanid Empire, who would later become the semi-independent governor of Ghazna from 962 until his death in 963.

See Samanid Empire and Alp-Tegin

Amr ibn al-Layth

Amr ibn al-Layth or Amr-i Laith Saffari (عمرو لیث صفاری) was the second ruler of the Saffarid dynasty of Iran from 879 to 901.

See Samanid Empire and Amr ibn al-Layth

Amu Darya

The Amu Darya, also called the Amu, the Amo, and historically the Oxus (Latin: Ōxus; Greek: Ὦξος, Ôxos), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.

See Samanid Empire and Amu Darya

Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

See Samanid Empire and Arabic

Arabs

The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.

See Samanid Empire and Arabs

Arjasp

Arjāsp (اَرجاسْپ) is a Turanian king in Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Arjasp

Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri

Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri (died 738) was a prominent official of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving twice as governor of Khurasan under the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.

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Asad ibn Saman

Asad ibn Saman (اسد بن سامان) was an early Samanid.

See Samanid Empire and Asad ibn Saman

Avicenna

Ibn Sina (translit; – 22 June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna, was a preeminent philosopher and physician of the Muslim world, flourishing during the Islamic Golden Age, serving in the courts of various Iranian rulers.

See Samanid Empire and Avicenna

Bactria

Bactria (Bactrian: βαχλο, Bakhlo), or Bactriana, was an ancient Iranian civilization in Central Asia based in the area south of the Oxus River (modern Amu Darya) and north of the mountains of the Hindu Kush, an area within the north of modern Afghanistan.

See Samanid Empire and Bactria

Bactrian language

Bactrian (ariao, cat.

See Samanid Empire and Bactrian language

Baghdad

Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.

See Samanid Empire and Baghdad

Bahram Chobin

Bahrām Chōbīn (بهرامچوبین) or Wahrām Chōbēn (Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭), also known by his epithet Mehrbandak ("servant of Mithra"), was a nobleman, general, and political leader of the late Sasanian Empire and briefly its ruler as Bahram VI (r. 590–591).

See Samanid Empire and Bahram Chobin

Bahram V

Bahram V (also spelled Wahram V or Warahran V; 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭), also known as Bahram Gur (New Persian: بهرامگور, "Bahram the onager "), was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) from 420 to 438.

See Samanid Empire and Bahram V

Balkh

Balkh is a town in the Balkh Province of Afghanistan, about northwest of the provincial capital, Mazar-e Sharif, and some south of the Amu Darya river and the Uzbekistan border.

See Samanid Empire and Balkh

Balkh Province

Balkh (Pashto: بلخ، Balx) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country.

See Samanid Empire and Balkh Province

Baltic region

The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

See Samanid Empire and Baltic region

Battle of Balkh

The Battle of Balkh took place between the armies of the Samanid Empire under the command of Emir Isma'il ibn Ahmad and Saffarid forces under Emir Amr ibn al-Layth in 900.

See Samanid Empire and Battle of Balkh

Battle of Iskhabad

The Battle of Iskhabad (نبرد اسحاق‌آباد), was a major engagement fought in 940 at Iskhabad, near Ray, between the Samanids, led by Abu 'Ali Chaghani, and the combined forces of the Ziyarids and Firuzanids under the Emir Vushmgir and Makan ibn Kaki.

See Samanid Empire and Battle of Iskhabad

Bukhara

Bukhara (Uzbek; بخارا) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents.

See Samanid Empire and Bukhara

Bukhara slave trade

The Bukhara slave trade refers to the historical slave trade conducted in the city of Bukhara in Central Asia (present day Uzbekistan) from antiquity until the 19th century.

See Samanid Empire and Bukhara slave trade

Bunjikat (archeological site)

The ancient archaeological site of Bunjikat (Бунджикат Бунҷикат), also named Shahriston, is located near the town of Bunjikat, in the Shahristan Pass at the entrance of the Ferghana Valley, in Sughd Province of western Tajikistan, just west of the town of Kairma.

See Samanid Empire and Bunjikat (archeological site)

Buyid dynasty

The Buyid dynasty (Âl-i Bōya), also spelled Buwayhid (Al-Buwayhiyyah), was a Zaydi and, later, Twelver Shia dynasty of Daylamite origin, which mainly ruled over central and southern Iran and Iraq from 934 to 1062. Samanid Empire and Buyid dynasty are 10th century in Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Buyid dynasty

Caliphate

A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.

See Samanid Empire and Caliphate

Central Asia

Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.

See Samanid Empire and Central Asia

Chaghaniyan

Chaghaniyan (Middle Persian: Chagīnīgān; چغانیان Chaghāniyān), known as al-Saghaniyan in Arabic sources, was a medieval region and principality located on the right bank of the Oxus River, to the south of Samarkand. Samanid Empire and Chaghaniyan are medieval Khorasan.

See Samanid Empire and Chaghaniyan

Chang (instrument)

The chang (چنگ;; çeng; جَنْك al-ǧank or صَنْج ṣanǧ; Georgian: ჩანგი changi) is a Persian musical instrument, a vertical angular harp.

See Samanid Empire and Chang (instrument)

Church of the East

The Church of the East (''ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā''.) or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church or the Nestorian Church, is one of three major branches of Nicene Eastern Christianity that arose from the Christological controversies of the 5th and 6th centuries, alongside the Miaphisite churches (which came to be known as the Oriental Orthodox Churches) and the Chalcedonian Church (whose Eastern branch would later become the Eastern Orthodox Church).

See Samanid Empire and Church of the East

Culture of Iran

The culture of Iran or culture of PersiaYarshater, Ehsan, Iranian Studies, vol.

See Samanid Empire and Culture of Iran

Daqiqi

Abu Mansur Daqiqi (ابومنصور دقیقی), better simply known as Daqiqi (دقیقی), was one of the most prominent Persian poets of the Samanid era.

See Samanid Empire and Daqiqi

Daylam

Daylam (دیلم), also known in the plural form Daylaman (دیلمان) (and variants such as Dailam, Deylam, and Deilam), was the name of a mountainous region of inland Gilan, Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Daylam

Daylamites

The Daylamites or Dailamites (Middle Persian: Daylamīgān; دیلمیان Deylamiyān) were an Iranian people inhabiting the Daylam—the mountainous regions of northern Iran on the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea, now comprising the southeastern half of Gilan Province.

See Samanid Empire and Daylamites

Dehqan

The dehqân (دهقان) or dehgân (دهگان), were a class of land-owning magnates during the Sasanian and early Islamic period, found throughout Iranian-speaking lands.

See Samanid Empire and Dehqan

Divan

A divan or diwan (دیوان, dīvān; from Sumerian dub, clay tablet) was a high government ministry in various Islamic states, or its chief official (see dewan).

See Samanid Empire and Divan

Dushanbe

Dushanbe is the capital and largest city of Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Dushanbe

Earthenware

Earthenware is glazed or unglazed nonvitreous pottery that has normally been fired below.

See Samanid Empire and Earthenware

Elegy

An elegy is a poem of serious reflection, and in English literature usually a lament for the dead.

See Samanid Empire and Elegy

Emir

Emir (أمير, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.

See Samanid Empire and Emir

Encyclopædia Iranica

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.

See Samanid Empire and Encyclopædia Iranica

Epic poetry

An epic poem, or simply an epic, is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants.

See Samanid Empire and Epic poetry

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

See Samanid Empire and Europe

Fars province

Fars province (استان فارس) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Fars province

Ferdowsi

Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi (ابوالقاسمفردوسی توسی; 940 – 1019/1025), also Firdawsi or Ferdowsi (فردوسی), was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries.

See Samanid Empire and Ferdowsi

Fergana

Fergana (Фарғона), or Ferghana, also Farghana is a district-level city and the capital of Fergana Region in eastern Uzbekistan.

See Samanid Empire and Fergana

Fergana Valley

The Fergana Valley in Central Asia lies mainly in eastern Uzbekistan, but also extends into southern Kyrgyzstan and northern Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Fergana Valley

Feudalism

Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was a combination of legal, economic, military, cultural, and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe from the 9th to 15th centuries.

See Samanid Empire and Feudalism

Ghazal

The ghazal is a form of amatory poem or ode, originating in Arabic poetry.

See Samanid Empire and Ghazal

Ghaznavids

The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان Ġaznaviyān) or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent from the Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186. Samanid Empire and Ghaznavids are empires and kingdoms of Iran, medieval Khorasan and Sunni dynasties.

See Samanid Empire and Ghaznavids

Ghazni

Ghazni (غزنی, غزني), historically known as Ghaznayn (غزنين) or Ghazna (غزنه), also transliterated as Ghuznee, and anciently known as Alexandria in Opiana (Αλεξάνδρεια Ωπιανή), is a city in southeastern Afghanistan with a population of around 190,000 people.

See Samanid Empire and Ghazni

Ghilman

Ghilman (singular غُلاَم,Other standardized transliterations: /.. plural غِلْمَان)Other standardized transliterations: /..

See Samanid Empire and Ghilman

Gilaks

Gilaks (Gilaki: گيلٚکؤن) are an Iranian ethnic group native to the south of Caspian sea.

See Samanid Empire and Gilaks

Gorgan

Gorgan (گرگان) is a city in the Central District of Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

See Samanid Empire and Gorgan

Greater Khorasan

Greater KhorāsānDabeersiaghi, Commentary on Safarnâma-e Nâsir Khusraw, 6th Ed.

See Samanid Empire and Greater Khorasan

Hanafi school

The Hanafi school or Hanafism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

See Samanid Empire and Hanafi school

Harp

The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers.

See Samanid Empire and Harp

Hasan al-Utrush

Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (Medina, c. 844 – Amul, January/February 917), better known as al-Ḥasan al-Uṭrūsh (Hasan the Deaf), was an Alid missionary of the Zaydi Shia sect who re-established Zaydi rule over the province of Tabaristan in northern Iran in 914, after fourteen years of Samanid rule.

See Samanid Empire and Hasan al-Utrush

Herat

Herāt (Pashto, هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan.

See Samanid Empire and Herat

Hereditary monarchy

A hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family.

See Samanid Empire and Hereditary monarchy

Hill people

Hill people, also referred to as mountain people, is a general term for people who live in the hills and mountains.

See Samanid Empire and Hill people

House of Mihran

The House of Mihrān or House of Mehrān (Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭨𐭥𐭠𐭭; new Persian: مهران), was a leading Iranian noble family (šahrdārān), one of the Seven Great Houses of the Sassanid Persian Empire which claimed descent from the earlier Arsacid dynasty.

See Samanid Empire and House of Mihran

Hulbuk

Hulbuk (Ҳулбук), formerly Vose' (Восеъ), Poytug (Пойтуғ) is the capital of the Vose' District of the Khatlon Region, Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Hulbuk

Ibrahim ibn Ahmad

Ibrahim ibn Ahmad (died 10th-century), was the amir of the Samanids briefly in 947.

See Samanid Empire and Ibrahim ibn Ahmad

Ibrahim ibn Ilyas

Ibrahim ibn Ilyas was a Samanid ruler of Herat (856 – c. 867).

See Samanid Empire and Ibrahim ibn Ilyas

Ibrahim ibn Simjur

Ibrahim ibn Simjur (died 948) was a Samanid military officer from the Simjurid family.

See Samanid Empire and Ibrahim ibn Simjur

Ilyas ibn Asad

Ilyas ibn Asad (died 856) was a Samanid ruler of Herat (819–856).

See Samanid Empire and Ilyas ibn Asad

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

See Samanid Empire and Iran

Iranian Intermezzo

Iranian Intermezzo, or Persian Renaissance, was a period in Iranian history which saw the rise of various native Iranian Muslim dynasties in the Iranian Plateau, after the 7th-century Arab Muslim conquest and the fall of the Sasanian Empire. Samanid Empire and Iranian Intermezzo are 10th century in Iran, 9th century in Iran and medieval Khorasan.

See Samanid Empire and Iranian Intermezzo

Iranian languages

The Iranian languages, also called the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, predominantly in the Iranian Plateau.

See Samanid Empire and Iranian languages

Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples or Iranic peoples are a diverse grouping of peoples who are identified by their usage of the Iranian languages (branch of the Indo-European languages) and other cultural similarities.

See Samanid Empire and Iranian peoples

Isfahan

Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Isfahan

Islam

Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.

See Samanid Empire and Islam

Isma'il Muntasir

Isma'il (surnamed Muntasir, "Victorious") (died January 1005) was an individual who attempted to resurrect the Samanid state in Transoxiana and eastern Iran (1000–1005).

See Samanid Empire and Isma'il Muntasir

Isma'ilism

Isma'ilism (translit) is a branch or sect of Shia Islam.

See Samanid Empire and Isma'ilism

Ismail Samani

Abū Ibrāhīm Ismā'īl ibn-i Aḥmad-i Sāmāni (ابو ابراهیماسماعیل بن احمد سامانی; May 849 – 24 November 907), better known simply as Ismail-i Samani (اسماعیل سامانی), and also known as Isma'il ibn-i Ahmad (اسماعیل بن احمد), was the Samanid amir of Transoxiana (892–907) and Khorasan (900–907).

See Samanid Empire and Ismail Samani

Ismoil Somoni Peak

Ismoil Somoni Peak (Qulla-i Ismō‘il-i Sōmōnî/Qullaji Ismojili Somonī; قلّهٔ اسماعیل سامانی; r) is the highest mountain in Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Ismoil Somoni Peak

Kara-Khanid Khanate

The Kara-Khanid Khanate, also known as the Karakhanids, Qarakhanids, Ilek Khanids or the Afrasiabids, was a Karluk Turkic khanate that ruled Central Asia from the 9th to the early 13th century.

See Samanid Empire and Kara-Khanid Khanate

Karluks

The Karluks (also Qarluqs, Qarluks, Karluqs, 𐰴𐰺𐰞𐰸, Qarluq, Para-Mongol: Harluut, t Géluólù; customary phonetic: Gelu, Khololo, Khorlo, خَلُّخ, Khallokh, قارلوق Qarluq) were a prominent nomadic Turkic tribal confederacy residing in the regions of Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) and the Tarbagatai Mountains west of the Altay Mountains in Central Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Karluks

Kerman province

Kerman Province (استان کرمان) is the largest of the 31 provinces of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Kerman province

Khorasan province

Khorasan (استان خراسان; also transcribed as Khurasan, Xorasan and Khorassan), also called Traxiane during Hellenistic and Parthian times, was a province in northeastern Iran until September 2004, when it was divided into three new provinces: North Khorasan, South Khorasan, and Razavi Khorasan.

See Samanid Empire and Khorasan province

Khujand

Khujand, sometimes spelled Khodjent or Chudzjand, and formerly known as Leninabad from 1936 to 1991, is the second-largest city of Tajikistan and the capital of Tajikistan's northernmost Sughd province.

See Samanid Empire and Khujand

Khuttal

Khuttal, frequently also in the plural form Khuttalan (and variants such as Khutlan, Khatlan, in Chinese sources K'o-tut-lo) was a medieval region and principality on the north bank of the river Oxus (modern Amu Darya), lying between its tributaries Vakhsh and Panj.

See Samanid Empire and Khuttal

Khwarazm

Khwarazm (Hwârazmiya; خوارزم, Xwârazm or Xârazm) or Chorasmia is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum Desert, on the south by the Karakum Desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau. Samanid Empire and Khwarazm are empires and kingdoms of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Khwarazm

Khwarezmian language

Khwārezmian (Khwarezmian: transl, zβ'k 'y xw'rzm; also transliterated Khwarazmian, Chorasmian, Khorezmian) is an extinct Eastern Iranian language closely related to Sogdian.

See Samanid Empire and Khwarezmian language

Lili ibn al-Nu'man

Lili ibn al-Nu'man, also known as Lili ibn Shahdust, was the leader of the Shahanshahvand clan, and also ruled as the second king of the Gilites, ruling from the early 10th-century to 921.

See Samanid Empire and Lili ibn al-Nu'man

Lingua franca

A lingua franca (for plurals see), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups of people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages.

See Samanid Empire and Lingua franca

List of monarchs of Persia

This article lists the monarchs of Iran (Persia) from the establishment of the Medes around 678 BC until the deposition of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.

See Samanid Empire and List of monarchs of Persia

List of Sunni dynasties

The following is a list of Sunni Muslim dynasties. Samanid Empire and list of Sunni dynasties are Sunni dynasties.

See Samanid Empire and List of Sunni dynasties

Makan ibn Kaki

Abu Mansur Makan ibn Kaki (died 25 December 940) was a Daylamite military leader active in northern Iran (esp. Tabaristan and western Khurasan) in the early 10th century.

See Samanid Empire and Makan ibn Kaki

Mansur I

Abu Salih Mansur (Abu Ṣāliḥ Manṣur; died 13 June 976), better known as Mansur I (منصور) was amir of the Samanids from 961 to 976.

See Samanid Empire and Mansur I

Mansur II

Abu'l-Harith Mansur II (منصور دومسامانی) was Amir of the Samanids (997–999).

See Samanid Empire and Mansur II

Mardavij

Mardavij (Gilaki/مرداویج, meaning "man assailant") was an Iranian prince, who established the Ziyarid dynasty, ruling from 930 to 935.

See Samanid Empire and Mardavij

Marw al-Rudh

Marw-Rud (مرورود, also مروروذ Marw-Rudh) or Marw al-Rudh (from مرو الروذ), locally used to be known by the older variants Marwarudh (مروروذ) and Marrudh (مروذ),"مرورود" in Dehkhoda Dictionary was a medieval settlement in Khurasan. Samanid Empire and Marw al-Rudh are medieval Khorasan.

See Samanid Empire and Marw al-Rudh

Merv

Merv (Merw, Мерв, مرو; translit), also known as the Merve Oasis, was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan.

See Samanid Empire and Merv

Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

See Samanid Empire and Middle Ages

Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni

Mohammad-Vali Khan, Khalatbari Tonekāboni (محمدولی‌خان خلعتبری تنکابنی); 1846 – 18 September 1926), known as Sepahdar A'zam (Persian: سپهدار اعظم), was the leader of the constitutionalist revolutionary forces from Iran's northern provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran and known as one of the greatest statesmen and military commanders of Iranian history as well as its wealthiest nobleman.

See Samanid Empire and Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni

Mosque

A mosque, also called a masjid, is a place of worship for Muslims.

See Samanid Empire and Mosque

Muhammad ibn Tahir

Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad ibn Tahir ibn 'Abdallah (أبو عبد الله محمد بن طاهر بن عبد الله, died c. 910) was the last Tahirid governor of Khurasan, from 862 until 873.

See Samanid Empire and Muhammad ibn Tahir

Muhammad ibn Zayd

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismaʿīl ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Zayd (died 3 October 900), also known as al-Dāʿī al-Ṣaghīr ("the Younger Missionary"), was an Alid who succeeded his brother, Hasan ("the Elder Missionary"), as ruler of the Zaydid dynasty of Tabaristan in 884.

See Samanid Empire and Muhammad ibn Zayd

Muhtajids

The Al-i Muhtaj or Muhtajids (also known as the Chaghanids) was an Iranian or Iranicized Arab ruling family of the small principality of Chaghaniyan.

See Samanid Empire and Muhtajids

Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah.

See Samanid Empire and Muslim world

Nasr I

Nasr I (نصر یکم; died August 892) was amir of the Samanids from 865 to 892.

See Samanid Empire and Nasr I

Nasr II

Nasr ibn Ahmad or Nasr II (نصر دوم), nicknamed "the Fortunate", was the ruler (amir) of Transoxiana and Khurasan as the head of the Samanid dynasty from 914 to 943.

See Samanid Empire and Nasr II

New Persian

New Persian (translit), also known as Modern Persian (فارسی نوین) is the current stage of the Persian language spoken since the 8th to 9th centuries until now in Greater Iran and surroundings.

See Samanid Empire and New Persian

Nishapur

Nishapur (نیشاپور, also help|italic.

See Samanid Empire and Nishapur

Nizam al-Mulk

Abu Ali Hasan ibn Ali Tusi (April 10, 1018 – October 14, 1092), better known by his honorific title of Nizam ul-Mulk (lit), was a Persian scholar, jurist, political philosopher and vizier of the Seljuk Empire.

See Samanid Empire and Nizam al-Mulk

Nuh I

Nuh ibn Nasr, or Nuh I (died 954), was the Amir of the Samanids in 943–954.

See Samanid Empire and Nuh I

Nuh ibn Asad

Nuh ibn Asad (نوح بن اسد; d. 841/842) was a Samanid ruler of Samarkand (819-841/2).

See Samanid Empire and Nuh ibn Asad

Nuh II

Nuh II (نوح, r. 13 June 976–22 July 997) was amir of the Samanids (976–997).

See Samanid Empire and Nuh II

Oghuz Turks

The Oghuz Turks (Middle Turkic: ٱغُز, Oγuz) were a western Turkic people who spoke the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family.

See Samanid Empire and Oghuz Turks

Osrushana

Osrušana (اسروشنه) or Ustrushana was a former Iranian regionC.

See Samanid Empire and Osrushana

Padishah

Padishah (پادشاه;; from Persian:, 'master', and shāh, 'king'), sometimes romanised as padeshah, patshah, padshah or badshah (پادشاه; pâdişâh; padişah,; بَادْشَاہ&lrm;, baadashaah), is a superlative sovereign title of Persian origin.

See Samanid Empire and Padishah

Paganism

Paganism (from classical Latin pāgānus "rural", "rustic", later "civilian") is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Judaism.

See Samanid Empire and Paganism

Pamir Mountains

The Pamir Mountains are a range of mountains between Central Asia and South Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Pamir Mountains

Panjakent District

Panjakent District or Nohiya-i Panjakent (Пенджикентский район; Ноҳияи Панҷакент) is a former district in Sughd Region, Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Panjakent District

Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (Fārsī|), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.

See Samanid Empire and Persian language

Persian literature

Persian literature comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and is one of the world's oldest literatures.

See Samanid Empire and Persian literature

Persianate society

A Persianate society is a society that is based on or strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art and/or identity.

See Samanid Empire and Persianate society

Peshawar

Peshawar (پېښور; پشور;; پشاور) is the sixth most populous city of Pakistan, with a district population of over 4.7 million in the 2023 census.

See Samanid Empire and Peshawar

Principality of Ushrusana

The Principality of Ushrusana (also spelled Usrushana, Osrushana or Ustrushana) was a local dynasty ruling the Ushrusana region, in the northern area of modern Tajikistan, from an unknown date to 892 CE.

See Samanid Empire and Principality of Ushrusana

Pushang

Pushang, also known by its Arabicized form of Bushanj, Bushang, and Fūshanj, was the name of a town in Khorasan, close to Herat in present-day Afghanistan.

See Samanid Empire and Pushang

Qashqadaryo Region

Qashqadaryo Region (Qashqadaryo viloyati, Қашқадарё вилояти; old spelling Kashkadarya Region, Кашкадарьинская область) is one of the regions of Uzbekistan, located in the south-eastern part of the country in the basin of the river Qashqadaryo and on the western slopes of the Pamir-Alay mountains.

See Samanid Empire and Qashqadaryo Region

Qasida

The qaṣīda (also spelled qaṣīdah; plural qaṣā’id) is an ancient Arabic word and form of poetry, often translated as ode,.

See Samanid Empire and Qasida

Qazvin

Qazvin (قزوین) is a city in the Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.

See Samanid Empire and Qazvin

Quran

The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).

See Samanid Empire and Quran

Rafi ibn al-Layth

Rāfiʿ ibn al Layth ibn Naṣr ibn Sayyār was a Khurasani Arab noble who led a large-scale rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate in 806–809.

See Samanid Empire and Rafi ibn al-Layth

Ray, Iran

Shahre Ray, Shahr-e Ray, Shahre Rey, or Shahr-e Rey (Ŝahr-e Rey) or simply Ray or Rey (ری), is the capital of Rey County in Tehran Province, Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Ray, Iran

Richard Foltz

Richard Foltz is a Canadian historian who specializes in the history of Iranian civilization — sometimes referred to as "Greater Iran".

See Samanid Empire and Richard Foltz

Ruba'i

A rubāʿī (translit, from Arabic lit; plural: translit) or chahārgāna (چهارگانه) is a poem or a verse of a poem in Persian poetry (or its derivative in English and other languages) in the form of a quatrain, consisting of four lines (four hemistichs).

See Samanid Empire and Ruba'i

Rudaki

Rudaki (also spelled Rodaki; رودکی; – 940/41) was a poet, singer, and musician who is regarded as the first major poet to write in New Persian.

See Samanid Empire and Rudaki

Rudaki, Tajikistan

Rudaki (Рудаки; Рӯдакӣ/رودکی) is a jamoat in western Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Rudaki, Tajikistan

Sabuktigin

Abu Mansur Nasir ad-Din wa'd-Dawla Sabuktigin (ابومنصور ناصرالدین والدوله سبکتگین; 940s – August-September 997) was the founder of the Ghaznavid dynasty, and of Ghazna from 977 to 997.

See Samanid Empire and Sabuktigin

Saffarid dynasty

The Saffarid dynasty (safāryān) was a Persianate dynasty of eastern Iranian origin that ruled over parts of Persia, Greater Khorasan, and eastern Makran from 861 to 1002. Samanid Empire and Saffarid dynasty are 10th century in Iran, 9th century in Iran, medieval Khorasan and Sunni dynasties.

See Samanid Empire and Saffarid dynasty

Saka

The Saka were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who historically inhabited the northern and eastern Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin.

See Samanid Empire and Saka

Saman Khuda

Saman Khuda (Saman Khoda, Saman-khudat; سامان‌خدا، سامان‌خدات) was an 8th-century Iranian noble whose descendants (the House of Saman) later became rulers of Khurasan (the Samanid Empire).

See Samanid Empire and Saman Khuda

Samanid Epigraphic Ware

Samanid Epigraphic Ware refers to a distinct category of ceramics made in Central Asia during the ninth to eleventh centuries.

See Samanid Empire and Samanid Epigraphic Ware

Samarkand

Samarkand or Samarqand (Uzbek and Tajik: Самарқанд / Samarqand) is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Samarkand

Sasanian Empire

The Sasanian Empire or Sassanid Empire, and officially known as Eranshahr ("Land/Empire of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries. Samanid Empire and Sasanian Empire are empires and kingdoms of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Sasanian Empire

Sayram (city)

Sayram (Сайрам, Sairam,;is a rural locality located in eastern Shymkent on the Sayram Su River, which rises at the nearby 4000-meter mountain Sayram Su. In medieval times, the city and countryside were located on the banks of the Arys River, into which the Sayram Su river flows. Since 2018, it has been part of Shymkent City.

See Samanid Empire and Sayram (city)

Scandinavia

Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples.

See Samanid Empire and Scandinavia

Seljuk Empire

The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks. Samanid Empire and Seljuk Empire are empires and kingdoms of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Seljuk Empire

Shahid Balkhi

Shahid Balkhi (or Shuhayd; Shahīd-e Balkhī; died 927) was a scribe, philosopher and poet active in the Chaghaniyan and Samanid courts.

See Samanid Empire and Shahid Balkhi

Shahnameh

The Shahnameh (lit), also transliterated Shahnama, is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Samanid Empire and Shahnameh are 10th century in Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Shahnameh

Shia Islam

Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.

See Samanid Empire and Shia Islam

Shurta

Shurṭa (شرطة) is the common Arabic term for police.

See Samanid Empire and Shurta

Simjur al-Dawati

Simjur al-Dawati was a 10th-century Turkic general who served the Samanids.

See Samanid Empire and Simjur al-Dawati

Simjurids

The Simjurids were a Turkic family that served the Samanid emirs of Bukhara in the 10th century. Samanid Empire and Simjurids are 10th century in Iran and medieval Khorasan.

See Samanid Empire and Simjurids

Simurgh

The simurgh (سیمرغ, also spelled senmurv, simorgh, simorg, simurg, simoorg, simorq or simourv) is a benevolent bird in Persian mythology and literature.

See Samanid Empire and Simurgh

Sistan

Sistān (سیستان), also known as Sakastān (سَكاستان "the land of the Saka") and Sijistan, is a historical region in present-day south-eastern Iran, south-western Afghanistan and extending across the borders of south-western Pakistan.

See Samanid Empire and Sistan

Siyasatnama

Siyāsatnāmeh (سیاست نامه), also known as Siyar al-mulûk (سيرالملوك), is the most famous work by Nizam al-Mulk, the founder of Nizamiyyah schools in medieval Persia and vazier to the Seljuq sultans Alp Arslan and Malik Shah.

See Samanid Empire and Siyasatnama

Sogdia

Sogdia or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization between the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, and in present-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.

See Samanid Empire and Sogdia

Sogdian language

The Sogdian language was an Eastern Iranian language spoken mainly in the Central Asian region of Sogdia (capital: Samarkand; other chief cities: Panjakent, Fergana, Khujand, and Bukhara), located in modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan; it was also spoken by some Sogdian immigrant communities in ancient China.

See Samanid Empire and Sogdian language

Somon Air

Somon Air (Russian and Tajik: Сомон Эйр) is a private airline in Tajikistan headquartered in Dushanbe and based at Dushanbe International Airport.

See Samanid Empire and Somon Air

Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. Samanid Empire and Soviet Union are former countries in West Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Soviet Union

Steppe

In physical geography, a steppe is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without closed forests except near rivers and lakes.

See Samanid Empire and Steppe

Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan

Abdulkarim Satuq Bughra Khan (سۇلتان سۇتۇق بۇغراخان; also spelled Satuk; died 955) was a Kara-Khanid khan; in 934, he was one of the first Turkic rulers to convert to Islam, which prompted his Kara-Khanid subjects to convert.

See Samanid Empire and Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan

Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.

See Samanid Empire and Sunni Islam

Tabaristan

Tabaristan or Tabarestan (Ṭabarestān, or Tabarestun, ultimately from Middle Persian:, Tapur(i)stān), was a mountainous region located on the Caspian coast of northern Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Tabaristan

Tahirid dynasty

The Tahirid dynasty (Tâheriyân) was an Arabized Sunni Muslim dynasty of Persian dehqan origin that ruled as governors of Khorasan from 821 to 873 as well as serving as military and security commanders in Abbasid Baghdad until 891. Samanid Empire and Tahirid dynasty are 9th century in Iran and Sunni dynasties.

See Samanid Empire and Tahirid dynasty

Tajikistan

Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia.

See Samanid Empire and Tajikistan

Tajikistani somoni

The somoni (cомонӣ, ISO 4217 code: TJS; abbreviation:SM) is the currency of Tajikistan.

See Samanid Empire and Tajikistani somoni

Taraz

Taraz (Тараз; also historically known as Talas) is a city and the administrative center of Jambyl Region in Kazakhstan, located on the Talas (Taraz) River in the south of the country near the border with Kyrgyzstan. It had a population of 330,100 as of the 1999 census, up 9% from 1989, making it one of the fastest-growing cities in the country, after Astana and Turkistan.

See Samanid Empire and Taraz

Tashkent

Tashkent, or Toshkent in Uzbek, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan.

See Samanid Empire and Tashkent

Termez

Termez (Termiz/Термиз; ترمذ, Tirmiz; ترمذ Tirmidh; Термез; Ancient Greek: Tàrmita, Thàrmis, Θέρμις) is the capital of Surxondaryo Region in southern Uzbekistan.

See Samanid Empire and Termez

Transoxiana

Transoxiana or Transoxania is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to modern-day eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Turkmenistan and southern Kyrgyzstan.

See Samanid Empire and Transoxiana

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria.

See Samanid Empire and Tuberculosis

Turco-Persian tradition

The composite Turko-Persian, Turco-Persian,, Turko-Persia in historical perspective, Cambridge University Press, 1991 or Turco-Iranian (فرهنگ ایرانی-ترکی) is the distinctive culture that arose in the 9th and 10th centuries AD in Khorasan and Transoxiana (present-day Afghanistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and minor parts of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan).

See Samanid Empire and Turco-Persian tradition

Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.

See Samanid Empire and Turkic peoples

Tus, Iran

Tus was an ancient city in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran near Mashhad.

See Samanid Empire and Tus, Iran

Twelver Shi'ism

Twelver Shīʿism (ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة), also known as Imāmiyya (إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa, comprising about 90% of all Shīas.

See Samanid Empire and Twelver Shi'ism

Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Samanid Empire and Umayyad Caliphate are empires and kingdoms of Iran.

See Samanid Empire and Umayyad Caliphate

Vassal

A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.

See Samanid Empire and Vassal

Vishtaspa

Vishtaspa (𐬬𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬁𐬯𐬞𐬀; 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱; گشتاسپ; Ὑστάσπης) is the Avestan-language name of a figure appearing in Zoroastrian scripture and tradition, portrayed as an early follower of Zoroaster, and his patron, and instrumental in the diffusion of the prophet's message.

See Samanid Empire and Vishtaspa

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samanid_Empire

Also known as Samanian dynasty, Samanid, Samanid Dynasty, Samanid Emirate, Samanid Persian Empire, Samanid Persian dynasty, Samanid State, Samanides, Samanids, Sāmānid.

, Dehqan, Divan, Dushanbe, Earthenware, Elegy, Emir, Encyclopædia Iranica, Epic poetry, Europe, Fars province, Ferdowsi, Fergana, Fergana Valley, Feudalism, Ghazal, Ghaznavids, Ghazni, Ghilman, Gilaks, Gorgan, Greater Khorasan, Hanafi school, Harp, Hasan al-Utrush, Herat, Hereditary monarchy, Hill people, House of Mihran, Hulbuk, Ibrahim ibn Ahmad, Ibrahim ibn Ilyas, Ibrahim ibn Simjur, Ilyas ibn Asad, Iran, Iranian Intermezzo, Iranian languages, Iranian peoples, Isfahan, Islam, Isma'il Muntasir, Isma'ilism, Ismail Samani, Ismoil Somoni Peak, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Karluks, Kerman province, Khorasan province, Khujand, Khuttal, Khwarazm, Khwarezmian language, Lili ibn al-Nu'man, Lingua franca, List of monarchs of Persia, List of Sunni dynasties, Makan ibn Kaki, Mansur I, Mansur II, Mardavij, Marw al-Rudh, Merv, Middle Ages, Mohammad Vali Khan Khalatbari Tonekaboni, Mosque, Muhammad ibn Tahir, Muhammad ibn Zayd, Muhtajids, Muslim world, Nasr I, Nasr II, New Persian, Nishapur, Nizam al-Mulk, Nuh I, Nuh ibn Asad, Nuh II, Oghuz Turks, Osrushana, Padishah, Paganism, Pamir Mountains, Panjakent District, Persian language, Persian literature, Persianate society, Peshawar, Principality of Ushrusana, Pushang, Qashqadaryo Region, Qasida, Qazvin, Quran, Rafi ibn al-Layth, Ray, Iran, Richard Foltz, Ruba'i, Rudaki, Rudaki, Tajikistan, Sabuktigin, Saffarid dynasty, Saka, Saman Khuda, Samanid Epigraphic Ware, Samarkand, Sasanian Empire, Sayram (city), Scandinavia, Seljuk Empire, Shahid Balkhi, Shahnameh, Shia Islam, Shurta, Simjur al-Dawati, Simjurids, Simurgh, Sistan, Siyasatnama, Sogdia, Sogdian language, Somon Air, Soviet Union, Steppe, Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan, Sunni Islam, Tabaristan, Tahirid dynasty, Tajikistan, Tajikistani somoni, Taraz, Tashkent, Termez, Transoxiana, Tuberculosis, Turco-Persian tradition, Turkic peoples, Tus, Iran, Twelver Shi'ism, Umayyad Caliphate, Vassal, Vishtaspa, Vushmgir, Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, Yaghnobi language, Yahya ibn Asad, Zarafshon, Ziyarid dynasty, Zoroastrianism.

Samanid Empire, the Glossary

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