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Second Punic War, the Glossary

The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of three wars fought between Carthage and Rome, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the 3rd century BC.^[1]

210 relations: Adrian Goldsworthy, Adriatic Sea, Aetolian League, Africa (Roman province), African bush elephant, African forest elephant, Agnomen, Agrigento, Ambush, Ancient Carthage, Ancient Greece, Annexation, Apennine Mountains, Apulia, Archimedes, Arezzo, Arno, Arpi, Balearic Islands, Balearic slinger, Barcid conquest of Hispania, Battle of annihilation, Battle of Baecula, Battle of Beneventum (214 BC), Battle of Cannae, Battle of Canusium, Battle of Cirta, Battle of Cissa, Battle of Ebro River, Battle of Herdonia (210 BC), Battle of Herdonia (212 BC), Battle of Ibera, Battle of Ilipa, Battle of Insubria, Battle of Lake Trasimene, Battle of Lilybaeum, Battle of New Carthage, Battle of Numistro, Battle of Oroscopa, Battle of Rhone Crossing, Battle of Silva Litana, Battle of Tarentum (209 BC), Battle of the Metaurus, Battle of the Silarus, Battle of the Trebia, Battle of the Upper Baetis, Battle of Ticinus, Battle of Zama, Battles of Kroton, Blockade, ... Expand index (160 more) »
200s BC conflicts
210s BC conflicts
3rd century BC
3rd century BC in the Roman Republic
Hannibal
Malta in the Roman era
Punic Wars
Wars involving Carthage

Adrian Goldsworthy

Adrian Keith Goldsworthy (born 1969) is a British historian and novelist who specialises in ancient Roman history.

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Adriatic Sea

The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula.

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Aetolian League

The Aetolian (or Aitolian) League (Κοινὸν τῶν Αἰτωλῶν) was a confederation of tribal communities and cities in ancient Greece centered in Aetolia in Central Greece.

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Africa (Roman province)

Africa was a Roman province on the northern coast of the continent of Africa.

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African bush elephant

The African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana), also known as the African savanna elephant, is one of two extant African elephant species and one of three extant elephant species.

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African forest elephant

The African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is one of the two living species of African elephant.

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Agnomen

An agnomen (agnomina), in the Roman naming convention, was a nickname, just as the cognomen had been initially.

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Agrigento

Agrigento (Girgenti or Giurgenti; translit; Agrigentum or Acragas; ’GRGNT; Kirkant, or جرجنت Jirjant) is a city on the southern coast of Sicily, Italy and capital of the province of Agrigento.

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Ambush

An ambush is a surprise attack carried out by people lying in wait in a concealed position.

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Ancient Carthage

Ancient Carthage (𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕) was an ancient Semitic civilisation based in North Africa.

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Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.

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Annexation

Annexation, in international law, is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory.

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Apennine Mountains

The Apennines or Apennine Mountains (Ἀπέννινα ὄρη or Ἀπέννινον ὄρος; Appenninus or Apenninus Mons– a singular with plural meaning; Appennini)Latin Apenninus (Greek Ἀπέννινος or Ἀπέννινα) has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented Apenn-inus, often used with nouns such as mons ("mountain") or Greek ὄρος, but Apenninus is just as often used alone as a noun.

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Apulia

Apulia, also known by its Italian name Puglia, is a region of Italy, located in the southern peninsular section of the country, bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Strait of Otranto and Ionian Sea to the southeast and the Gulf of Taranto to the south.

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Archimedes

Archimedes of Syracuse was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily.

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Arezzo

Arezzo is a city and comune in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany.

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Arno

The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy.

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Arpi

Arpi (Ἄρποι), Argyrippa (Ἀργύριππα), and Argos Hippium (Ἄργος Ἵππιον) was an ancient city of Apulia, Italy, 16 miles (26 km) west of the sea coast, and 2 miles (3.5 km) north of modern Foggia (next to the modern Arpi Nova).

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Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands (Illes Balears; Islas Baleares or) are an archipelago in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Balearic slinger

The Balearic slingers, indigenous to the Balearic Islands, were warriors from ancient times famed for their mastery in the art of using the sling.

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Barcid conquest of Hispania

Under the leadership of the Barcid family, Ancient Carthage expanded its possessions on the Iberian Peninsula from 237 to 218 BC. Second Punic War and Barcid conquest of Hispania are 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic, Punic Wars and wars involving Carthage.

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Battle of annihilation

Annihilation is a military strategy in which an attacking army seeks to entirely destroy the military capacity of the opposing army.

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Battle of Baecula

The Battle of Baecula was a major field battle in Iberia during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and battle of Baecula are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Beneventum (214 BC)

The Battle of Beneventum was fought in 214 BC near modern Benevento during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Beneventum (214 BC) are 210s BC conflicts and 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic.

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Battle of Cannae

The Battle of Cannae was a key engagement of the Second Punic War between the Roman Republic and Carthage, fought on 2 August 216 BC near the ancient village of Cannae in Apulia, southeast Italy. Second Punic War and Battle of Cannae are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Canusium

The Battle of Canusium also known as the Battle of Asculum was a three-day engagement between the forces of Rome and Carthage. Second Punic War and Battle of Canusium are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Cirta

The Battle of Cirta was fought in 203 BC between an army of largely Masaesyli Numidians commanded by their king Syphax and a force of mainly Massylii Numidians led by Masinissa, who was supported by an unknown number of Romans under the legate Gaius Laelius. Second Punic War and Battle of Cirta are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Cissa

The Battle of Cissa was part of the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Cissa are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Ebro River

The Battle of Ebro River was a naval battle fought near the mouth of Ebro River in the spring of 217 BC between a Carthaginian fleet of approximately 40 quinqueremes, under the command of Himilco, and a Roman fleet of 35 ships, under Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus. Second Punic War and battle of Ebro River are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Herdonia (210 BC)

The second battle of Herdonia took place in 210 BC during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and battle of Herdonia (210 BC) are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Herdonia (212 BC)

The first Battle of Herdonia was fought in 212 BC during the Second Punic War between Hannibal's Carthaginian army and Roman forces led by Praetor Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus, brother of the consul. Second Punic War and Battle of Herdonia (212 BC) are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Ibera

The Battle of Ibera, also known as the Battle of Dertosa, was fought in the spring of 215 BC on the south bank of the Ebro River near the town of Ibera and was part of the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Ibera are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Ilipa

The Battle of Ilipa was an engagement considered by many as Scipio Africanus’s most brilliant victory in his military career during the Second Punic War in 206 BC. Second Punic War and Battle of Ilipa are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Insubria

The Battle of Insubria in 203 BC was the culmination of a major war, carried out by the Carthaginian commander Mago, brother of Hannibal Barca, at the end of the Second Punic war between Rome and Carthage in what is now northwestern Italy. Second Punic War and Battle of Insubria are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Lake Trasimene

The Battle of Lake Trasimene was fought when a Carthaginian force under Hannibal Barca ambushed a Roman army commanded by Gaius Flaminius on 21 June 217 BC, during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Lake Trasimene are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Lilybaeum

The Battle of Lilybaeum was the first clash between the navies of Carthage and Rome in 218 BC during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Lilybaeum are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of New Carthage

The battle of New Carthage took place in early 209BC when a Roman army under Publius Cornelius Scipio successfully assaulted New Carthage, the capital of Carthaginian Iberia, which was defended by a garrison under Mago. Second Punic War and battle of New Carthage are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Numistro

The Battle of Numistro was fought in 210 BC between Hannibal's army and one of the Roman consular armies led by consul Marcus Claudius Marcellus. Second Punic War and Battle of Numistro are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Oroscopa

The Battle of Oroscopa was fought between a Carthaginian army of more than 30,000 men commanded by the general Hasdrubal and a Numidian force of unknown size under its king, Masinissa. Second Punic War and Battle of Oroscopa are wars involving Carthage.

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Battle of Rhone Crossing

The Battle of the Rhône Crossing was a battle during the Second Punic War in September of 218 BC. Second Punic War and battle of Rhone Crossing are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Silva Litana

The Battle of Silva Litana was an ambush that took place in a forest 75 miles northwest of the Roman city of Ariminum during the Second Punic War in 216 BC. Second Punic War and Battle of Silva Litana are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Tarentum (209 BC)

The Battle of Tarentum of 209 BC took place during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Tarentum (209 BC) are 200s BC conflicts.

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The Battle of the Metaurus was a pivotal battle in the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage, fought in 207 BC near the Metauro River in Italy. Second Punic War and battle of the Metaurus are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battle of the Silarus

The Battle of the Silarus was fought in 212 BC between Hannibal's army and a Roman force led by centurion Marcus Centenius Penula. Second Punic War and Battle of the Silarus are 210s BC conflicts and Hannibal.

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Battle of the Trebia

The Battle of the Trebia (or Trebbia) was the first major battle of the Second Punic War, fought between the Carthaginian forces of Hannibal and a Roman army under Sempronius Longus on 22 or 23 December 218 BC. Second Punic War and battle of the Trebia are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of the Upper Baetis

The Battle of the Upper Baetis was a double battle, comprising the battles of Castulo and Ilorca, fought in 211 BC during the Second Punic War between a Carthaginian force led by Hasdrubal Barca (Hannibal's brother) and a Roman force led by Publius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Gnaeus. Second Punic War and battle of the Upper Baetis are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Ticinus

The Battle of Ticinus was fought between the Carthaginian forces of Hannibal and a Roman army under Publius Cornelius Scipio in late November 218 BC as part of the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battle of Ticinus are 210s BC conflicts.

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Battle of Zama

The Battle of Zama was fought in 202 BC in what is now Tunisia between a Roman army commanded by Scipio Africanus and a Carthaginian army commanded by Hannibal. Second Punic War and Battle of Zama are 200s BC conflicts.

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Battles of Kroton

The Battles of Kroton in 204 and 203 BC were, as well as the raid in Cisalpine Gaul, the last larger scale engagements between the Romans and the Carthaginians in Italy during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and Battles of Kroton are 200s BC conflicts.

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Blockade

A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force.

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Body armor

Body armor, personal armor (also spelled armour), armored suit (armoured) or coat of armor, among others, is armor for a person's body: protective clothing or close-fitting hands-free shields designed to absorb or deflect physical attacks.

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Boii

The Boii (Latin plural, singular Boius; Βόιοι) were a Celtic tribe of the later Iron Age, attested at various times in Cisalpine Gaul (present-day Northern Italy), Pannonia (present-day Austria and Hungary), present-day Bavaria, in and around present-day Bohemia (after whom the region is named in most languages; comprising the bulk of today's Czech Republic), parts of present-day Slovakia and Poland, and Gallia Narbonensis (located in modern Languedoc and Provence).

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Calabria

Calabria is a region in southern Italy.

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Campania

Campania is an administrative region of Italy; most of it is in the south-western portion of the Italian peninsula (with the Tyrrhenian Sea to its west), but it also includes the small Phlegraean Islands and the island of Capri.

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Cannae

Cannae (now Canne della Battaglia) is an ancient village of the Apulia region of south east Italy.

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Capture of Malta (218 BC)

The capture of Malta was the successful invasion of the Carthaginian island of Malta (then known as Maleth, Melite or Melita) by forces of the Roman Republic led by Tiberius Sempronius Longus in the early stages of the Second Punic War in 218 BC. Second Punic War and capture of Malta (218 BC) are 210s BC conflicts and Malta in the Roman era.

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Capua

Capua is a city and comune in the province of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy, situated north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain.

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Cartagena, Spain

Cartagena is a Spanish city and a major naval station on the Mediterranean coast, south-eastern Iberia.

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Carthage

Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia.

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Carthaginian Iberia

Carthaginian Iberia was a province of the larger Carthaginian Empire. Second Punic War and Carthaginian Iberia are 3rd century BC.

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Cassius Dio

Lucius Cassius Dio, also known as Dio Cassius (Δίων Κάσσιος), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin.

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Cavalry

Historically, cavalry (from the French word cavalerie, itself derived from cheval meaning "horse") are soldiers or warriors who fight mounted on horseback.

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Cádiz

Cádiz is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Celtiberians

The Celtiberians were a group of Celts and Celticized peoples inhabiting an area in the central-northeastern Iberian Peninsula during the final centuries BC.

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Cisalpine Gaul

Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina, also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata) was the name given, especially during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, to a region of land inhabited by Celts (Gauls), corresponding to what is now most of northern Italy.

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City-state

A city-state is an independent sovereign city which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life over its contiguous territory.

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Close order formation

A close order formation is a military tactical formation in which soldiers are close together and regularly arranged for the tactical concentration of force.

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Command of the sea

Command of the sea (also called control of the sea or sea control) is a naval military concept regarding the strength of a particular navy to a specific naval area it controls.

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Corsica

Corsica (Corse; Còrsega) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.

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Craige B. Champion

Craige B. Champion (born June 30, 1956) is an American historian and classical scholar.

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Crotone

Crotone (Cutrone or Cutruni) is a city and comune in Calabria, Italy.

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Declaration of war

A declaration of war is a formal act by which one state announces existing or impending war activity against another.

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Defection

In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state.

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Diodorus Siculus

Diodorus Siculus or Diodorus of Sicily (Diódōros; 1st century BC) was an ancient Greek historian.

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Ebro

The Ebro (Spanish and Basque; Ebre) is a river of the north and northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, in Spain.

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Ebro Treaty

The Ebro Treaty was a treaty signed in 226 BC by Hasdrubal the Fair of Carthage and the Roman Republic, which fixed the river Ebro in Iberia as the boundary between the two respective powers. Second Punic War and Ebro Treaty are 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic.

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Envelopment

Envelopment is the military tactic of seizing objectives in the enemy's rear with the goal of destroying specific enemy forces and denying them the ability to withdraw.

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Equites

The equites (though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class.

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Etruria

Etruria was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria.

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Fabian strategy

The Fabian strategy is a military strategy where pitched battles and frontal assaults are avoided in favor of wearing down an opponent through a war of attrition and indirection.

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First Macedonian War

The First Macedonian War (214–205 BC) was fought by Rome, allied (after 211 BC) with the Aetolian League and Attalus I of Pergamon, against Philip V of Macedon, contemporaneously with the Second Punic War (218–201 BC) against Carthage. Second Punic War and First Macedonian War are 200s BC conflicts, 210s BC conflicts, 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic and wars involving the Roman Republic.

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First Punic War

The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC. Second Punic War and first Punic War are 3rd century BC, 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic, Punic Wars, wars involving Carthage and wars involving the Roman Republic.

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Flanking maneuver

In military tactics, a flanking maneuver is a movement of an armed force around an enemy force's side, or flank, to achieve an advantageous position over it.

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Gaius Claudius Nero

Gaius Claudius Nero (c. 237 BCc. 189 BC) was a Roman general active during the Second Punic War against the invading Carthaginian force, led by Hannibal Barca.

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Gaius Flaminius (consul 223 BC)

Gaius Flaminius (c. 275 BC217 BC) was a leading Roman politician in the third century BC.

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Gaius Terentius Varro

Gaius Terentius Varro (218-200 BC) was a Roman politician and general active during the Second Punic War.

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Gaul

Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.

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Gauls

The Gauls (Galli; Γαλάται, Galátai) were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD).

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Genoa

Genoa (Genova,; Zêna) is a city in and the capital of the Italian region of Liguria, and the sixth-largest city in Italy.

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Gladius

Gladius is a Latin word properly referring to the type of sword that was used by ancient Roman foot soldiers starting from the 3rd century BC and until the 3rd century AD.

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Greece in the Roman era

Greece in the Roman era (Greek: Έλλάς, Latin: Graecia) describes the Roman conquest of the territory of the modern nation-state of Greece as well as that of the Greek people and the areas they inhabited and ruled historically.

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Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of unconventional warfare in which small groups of irregular military, such as rebels, partisans, paramilitary personnel or armed civilians including recruited children, use ambushes, sabotage, terrorism, raids, petty warfare or hit-and-run tactics in a rebellion, in a violent conflict, in a war or in a civil war to fight against regular military, police or rival insurgent forces.

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Hamilcar Barca

Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤁𐤓𐤒, Ḥomilqart Baraq; –228BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago.

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Hannibal

Hannibal (translit; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

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Hannibal's crossing of the Alps

Hannibal's crossing of the Alps in 218 BC was one of the major events of the Second Punic War, and one of the most celebrated achievements of any military force in ancient warfare. Second Punic War and Hannibal's crossing of the Alps are 210s BC conflicts and Hannibal.

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Hasdrubal (quartermaster)

Hasdrubal (𐤏𐤆𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋, ʿAzrubaʿal, "Help of Baal") was a Carthaginian officer in the Second Punic War.

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Hasdrubal Barca

Hasdrubal Barca (245– 22June 207BC), a latinization of ʿAzrubaʿal (translit) son of Hamilcar Barca, was a Carthaginian general in the Second Punic War.

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Hasdrubal the Boetharch

Hasdrubal the Boetharch (𐤏𐤆𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋, ʿAzrubaʿal) was a Carthaginian general during the Third Punic War.

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Hasdrubal the Fair

Hasdrubal the Fair (𐤏𐤆𐤓𐤁𐤏𐤋, ʿAzrobaʿl; –221BC) was a Carthaginian military leader and politician, governor in Iberia after Hamilcar Barca's death, and founder of Cartagena.

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Hasta (spear)

The hasta (hastae) was the spear carried by early Roman legionaries, for which the Roman soldiers known as hastati were named.

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Hastati

Hastati (hastatus) were a class of infantry employed in the armies of the early Roman Republic, who originally fought as spearmen and later as swordsmen.

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Heavy infantry

Heavy infantry consisted of heavily armed and armoured infantrymen who were trained to mount frontal assaults and/or anchor the defensive center of a battle line.

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Hellenistic-era warships

From the 4th century BC on, new types of oared warships appeared in the Mediterranean Sea, superseding the trireme and transforming naval warfare.

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Hiero II of Syracuse

Hiero II (Ἱέρων Β΄; c. 308 BC – 215 BC), also called Hieron II, was the Greek tyrant of Syracuse, Greek Sicily, from 275 to 215 BC, and the illegitimate son of a Syracusan noble, Hierocles, who claimed descent from Gelon.

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Hieronymus of Syracuse

Hieronymus (Ἱερώνυμος; 231–214 BC) was a tyrant of Syracuse, Magna Graecia.

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Himilco (fl. 3rd century BC)

Himilco was a Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War.

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History of Carthage

The city of Carthage was founded in the 9th century BC on the coast of Northwest Africa, in what is now Tunisia, as one of a number of Phoenician settlements in the western Mediterranean created to facilitate trade from the city of Tyre on the coast of what is now Lebanon.

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History of Rome (Livy)

The History of Rome, perhaps originally titled Annales, and frequently referred to as Ab Urbe Condita (From the Founding of the City), is a monumental history of ancient Rome, written in Latin between 27 and 9 BC by the Roman historian Titus Livius, better known in English as "Livy".

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Human resources

Human resources (HR) is the set of people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, industry, or economy.

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Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.

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Iberians

The Iberians (Hibērī, from Ἴβηρες, Iberes) were an ancient people settled in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian peninsula, at least from the 6th century BCE.

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Infantry

Infantry is a specialization of military personnel who engage in warfare combat.

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Javelin

A javelin is a light spear designed primarily to be thrown, historically as a ranged weapon.

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Latin

Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.

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Legionary

The Roman legionary (in Latin legionarius;: legionarii) was a citizen soldier of the Roman army.

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Light infantry

Light infantry refers to certain types of lightly equipped infantry throughout history.

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List of ancient peoples of Italy

This list of ancient peoples living in Italy summarises the many different Italian populations that existed in antiquity.

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List of tyrants of Syracuse

Syracuse (Συρακοῦσαι) was an ancient Greek city-state, located on the east coast of Sicily, Magna Graecia.

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Livy

Titus Livius (59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy, was a Roman historian.

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Locri

Locri is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, southern Italy.

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Lodgement

A lodgement or lodgment is an enclave, taken and defended by force of arms against determined opposition, made by increasing the size of a bridgehead, beachhead, or airhead into a substantial defended area, at least the rear parts of which are out of direct line of fire.

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Looting

Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting.

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Lucius Aemilius Paullus (consul 219 BC)

Lucius Aemilius Paullus (died 2 August 216 BC), also spelled Paulus, was a consul of the Roman Republic twice, in 219 and 216 BC.

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Macedonia (ancient kingdom)

Macedonia (Μακεδονία), also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece.

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Macedonian–Carthaginian Treaty

The Macedonian–Carthaginian Treaty was an anti-Roman treaty between Philip V of Macedon and Hannibal, leader of the Carthaginians, which was drawn up after the Battle of Cannae when Hannibal seemed poised to conquer Rome.

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Magna Graecia

Magna Graecia is a term that was used for the Greek-speaking areas of Southern Italy, in the present-day Italian regions of Calabria, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania and Sicily; these regions were extensively populated by Greek settlers starting from the 8th century BC.

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Mago Barca

Mago Barca (𐤌𐤂‬𐤍 𐤁𐤓𐤒‬,; died 202 BC) was a Carthaginian, member of the Barcid family, who played an important role in the Second Punic War, leading forces of Carthage against the Roman Republic in Iberia and northern and central Italy.

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Maniple (military unit)

Maniple (manipulus) was a tactical unit of the Roman Republican armies, adopted during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC).

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Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Marcus Claudius Marcellus (270 – 208 BC) was a Roman general and politician during the 3rd century BC.

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Marcus Livius Salinator

Marcus Livius Salinator (254 – c. 191 BC) was a Roman general and politician who fought in the Second Punic War, most notably during the Battle of the Metaurus.

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Marseille

Marseille or Marseilles (Marseille; Marselha; see below) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.

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Masaesyli

The Masaesyli were a Berber tribe of western Numidia (central and western Algeria) and the main antagonists of the Massylii in eastern Numidia.

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Masinissa

Masinissa (x12px, Masnsen; c. 238 BC – 148 BC), also spelled Massinissa, Massena and Massan, was an ancient Numidian king best known for leading a federation of Massylii Berber tribes during the Second Punic War (218–201 BC), ultimately uniting them into a kingdom that became a major regional power in North Africa.

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Massalia

Massalia was an ancient Greek colony (apoikia) on the Mediterranean coast, east of the Rhône.

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Massylii

The Massylii or Maesulians (Neo-Punic: 𐤌𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤉𐤌) were a Berber federation in eastern Numidia (central and eastern Algeria), which was formed by an amalgamation of smaller tribes during the 4th century BC.

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Materiel

Materiel is supplies, equipment, and weapons in military supply-chain management, and typically supplies and equipment in a commercial supply chain context.

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Mediterranean Basin

In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin, also known as the Mediterranean Region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have mostly a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.

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Mercenary War

The Mercenary War, also known as the Truceless War, was a mutiny by troops that were employed by Carthage at the end of the First Punic War (264241 BC), supported by uprisings of African settlements revolting against Carthaginian control. Second Punic War and Mercenary War are 3rd century BC, Punic Wars and wars involving Carthage.

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Messina

Messina (Missina) is a harbour city and the capital of the Italian Metropolitan City of Messina.

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Modena

Modena (Mòdna; Mutna; Mutina) is a city and comune (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena, in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy.

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Mutiny at Sucro

The mutiny at Sucro occurred in 206 BC, during the Second Punic War. Second Punic War and mutiny at Sucro are 200s BC conflicts.

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Numidia

Numidia was the ancient kingdom of the Numidians in northwest Africa, initially comprising the territory that now makes up Algeria, but later expanding across what is today known as Tunisia and Libya.

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Numidians

The Numidians were the Berber population of Numidia (present-day Algeria).

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Parallel Lives

The Parallel Lives (Βίοι Παράλληλοι, Bíoi Parállēloi; Vītae Parallēlae) is a series of 48 biographies of famous men written by the Greco-Roman philosopher, historian, and Apollonian priest Plutarch, probably at the beginning of the second century.

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Phalanx

The phalanx (phalanxes or phalanges) was a rectangular mass military formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, sarissas, or similar polearms tightly packed together.

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Philip V of Macedon

Philip V (Philippos; 238–179 BC) was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from 221 to 179 BC.

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Phoenicia

Phoenicia, or Phœnicia, was an ancient Semitic thalassocratic civilization originating in the coastal strip of the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily located in modern Lebanon.

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Pitched battle

A pitched battle or set-piece battle is a battle in which opposing forces each anticipate the setting of the battle, and each chooses to commit to it.

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Plague (disease)

Plague is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.

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Plutarch

Plutarch (Πλούταρχος, Ploútarchos;; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi.

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Po (river)

The Po is the longest river in Italy.

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Polybius

Polybius (Πολύβιος) was a Greek historian of the middle Hellenistic period.

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Principes

Principes (princeps) were spearmen, and later swordsmen, in the armies of the early Roman Republic.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC)

Publius Cornelius Scipio (died 211 BC) was a general and statesman of the Roman Republic and the father of Scipio Africanus.

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Punic Wars

The Punic Wars were a series of wars between 264 and 146BC fought between the Roman Republic and Ancient Carthage. Second Punic War and Punic Wars are wars involving Carthage and wars involving the Roman Republic.

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Pyrenees

The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain.

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Pyrrhic War

The Pyrrhic War (280–275 BC) was largely fought between the Roman Republic and Pyrrhus, the king of Epirus, who had been asked by the people of the Greek city of Tarentum in southern Italy to help them in their war against the Romans. Second Punic War and Pyrrhic War are 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic, wars involving Carthage and wars involving the Roman Republic.

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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus

Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, surnamed Cunctator (280 – 203 BC), was a Roman statesman and general of the third century BC.

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Richard Miles (historian)

Richard Miles (born 1969) is a British historian and archaeologist, best known for presenting two major historical documentary series: BBC2's Ancient Worlds (2010), which presented a comprehensive overview of classical history and the dawn of civilisation, and BBC Four's Archaeology: A Secret History (2013).

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Rimini

Rimini (Rémin or; Ariminum) is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy.

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Roman Carthage

Roman Carthage was an important city in ancient Rome, located in modern-day Tunisia.

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Roman consul

A consul was the highest elected public official of the Roman Republic (to 27 BC).

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Roman dictator

A Roman dictator was an extraordinary magistrate in the Roman Republic endowed with full authority to resolve some specific problem to which he had been assigned.

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Roman expansion in Italy

The Roman expansion in Italy covers a series of conflicts in which Rome grew from being a small Italian city-state to be the ruler of the Italian region. Second Punic War and Roman expansion in Italy are 3rd century BC in the Roman Republic and wars involving the Roman Republic.

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Roman Italy

Italia (in both the Latin and Italian languages), also referred to as Roman Italy, was the homeland of the ancient Romans.

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Roman legion

The Roman legion (legiō), the largest military unit of the Roman army, was composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries.

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Roman magistrate

The Roman magistrates were elected officials in ancient Rome.

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium.

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Roman Senate

The Roman Senate (Senātus Rōmānus) was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy.

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Roman triumph

The Roman triumph (triumphus) was a civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to publicly celebrate and sanctify the success of a military commander who had led Roman forces to victory in the service of the state or, in some historical traditions, one who had successfully completed a foreign war.

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Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

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Ruse de guerre

The French ruse de guerre, sometimes literally translated as ruse of war, is a non-uniform term; generally what is understood by "ruse of war" can be separated into two groups.

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Sagunto

Sagunto (Sagunt) is a municipality of Spain, located in the province of Valencia, Valencian Community.

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Samnium

Samnium (Sannio) is a Latin exonym for a region of Southern Italy anciently inhabited by the Samnites.

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Sardinia

Sardinia (Sardegna; Sardigna) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the twenty regions of Italy.

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Sardinia and Corsica

The Province of Sardinia and Corsica (Provincia Sardinia et Corsica) was an ancient Roman province including the islands of Sardinia and Corsica.

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Scipio Aemilianus

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus (185 BC – 129 BC), known as Scipio Aemilianus or Scipio Africanus the Younger, was a Roman general and statesman noted for his military exploits in the Third Punic War against Carthage and during the Numantine War in Spain.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Punic_War

Also known as 2nd Carthaginian War, 2nd Punic War, Hannibal's invasion of Italy, Hannibalic War, Second Carthaginian War, Second Punic War in Hispania, The second punic war.

, Body armor, Boii, Calabria, Campania, Cannae, Capture of Malta (218 BC), Capua, Cartagena, Spain, Carthage, Carthaginian Iberia, Cassius Dio, Cavalry, Cádiz, Celtiberians, Cisalpine Gaul, City-state, Close order formation, Command of the sea, Corsica, Craige B. Champion, Crotone, Declaration of war, Defection, Diodorus Siculus, Ebro, Ebro Treaty, Envelopment, Equites, Etruria, Fabian strategy, First Macedonian War, First Punic War, Flanking maneuver, Gaius Claudius Nero, Gaius Flaminius (consul 223 BC), Gaius Terentius Varro, Gaul, Gauls, Genoa, Gladius, Greece in the Roman era, Guerrilla warfare, Hamilcar Barca, Hannibal, Hannibal's crossing of the Alps, Hasdrubal (quartermaster), Hasdrubal Barca, Hasdrubal the Boetharch, Hasdrubal the Fair, Hasta (spear), Hastati, Heavy infantry, Hellenistic-era warships, Hiero II of Syracuse, Hieronymus of Syracuse, Himilco (fl. 3rd century BC), History of Carthage, History of Rome (Livy), Human resources, Iberian Peninsula, Iberians, Infantry, Javelin, Latin, Legionary, Light infantry, List of ancient peoples of Italy, List of tyrants of Syracuse, Livy, Locri, Lodgement, Looting, Lucius Aemilius Paullus (consul 219 BC), Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Macedonian–Carthaginian Treaty, Magna Graecia, Mago Barca, Maniple (military unit), Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Marcus Livius Salinator, Marseille, Masaesyli, Masinissa, Massalia, Massylii, Materiel, Mediterranean Basin, Mercenary War, Messina, Modena, Mutiny at Sucro, Numidia, Numidians, Oxford University Press, Parallel Lives, Phalanx, Philip V of Macedon, Phoenicia, Pitched battle, Plague (disease), Plutarch, Po (river), Polybius, Principes, Prisoner of war, Publius Cornelius Scipio (consul 218 BC), Punic Wars, Pyrenees, Pyrrhic War, Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, Richard Miles (historian), Rimini, Roman Carthage, Roman consul, Roman dictator, Roman expansion in Italy, Roman Italy, Roman legion, Roman magistrate, Roman Republic, Roman Senate, Roman triumph, Routledge, Ruse de guerre, Sagunto, Samnium, Sardinia, Sardinia and Corsica, Scipio Aemilianus, Scipio Africanus, Scutum, Shipyard, Sicily, Siege engine, Siege of Capua (211 BC), Siege of Carthage (Third Punic War), Siege of Saguntum, Siege of Syracuse (213–212 BC), Skirmisher, Socii, Southern Italy, Spear, Sphere of influence, Strait of Otranto, Suing for peace, Syphax, Taranto, Taurini, The Histories (Polybius), Theater (warfare), Third Punic War, Tiberius Sempronius Longus (consul 218 BC), Treaty of Lutatius, Triarii, Tunisia, Turin, Umbria, Velites, Viceroy, War elephant.

Second Punic War, the Glossary

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