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Selective mutism, the Glossary

Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is otherwise capable of speech becomes unable to speak when exposed to specific situations, specific places, or to specific people, one or multiple of which serving as triggers.^[1]

36 relations: Adolf Kussmaul, Amygdala, Anxiety disorder, Anxiolytic, Autism, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Communication disorder, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5, Elective mutism, Fight-or-flight response, Fluoxetine, Freezing behavior, Helicopter parent, Incidence (epidemiology), Individualized Education Program, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Intellectual disability, June and Jennifer Gibbons, Online chat, Psychiatry, Reinforcement, Schizophrenia, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Sensory processing disorder, Social anxiety disorder, Speech, Stimming, Stuttering, Systematic review, Temperament, Torey Hayden, Trauma model of mental disorders, Trauma trigger, United States.
Mental disorders diagnosed in childhood
Muteness

Adolf Kussmaul

Adolf Kussmaul (Carl Philipp Adolf Konrad Kußmaul; 22 February 1822 – 28 May 1902) was a German physician and a leading clinician of his time.

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Amygdala

The amygdala (amygdalae or amygdalas; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil') is a paired nuclear complex present in the cerebral hemispheres of vertebrates.

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Anxiety disorder

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant and uncontrollable feelings of anxiety and fear such that a person's social, occupational, and personal functions are significantly impaired. Selective mutism and anxiety disorder are anxiety disorders.

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Anxiolytic

An anxiolytic (also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety.

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Autism

Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive and inflexible patterns of behavior that are impairing in multiple contexts and excessive or atypical to be developmentally and socioculturally inappropriate.

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Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression and anxiety disorders.

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Communication disorder

A communication disorder is any disorder that affects an individual's ability to comprehend, detect, or apply language and speech to engage in dialogue effectively with others.

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common language and standard criteria.

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DSM-5

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), is the 2013 update to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the taxonomic and diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).

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Elective mutism

Elective mutism is an outdated term which was defined as a refusal to speak in almost all social situations (despite normal ability to do so), while selective mutism was considered to be a failure to speak in specific situations and is strongly associated with social anxiety disorder. Selective mutism and Elective mutism are anxiety disorders, mental disorders diagnosed in childhood and Muteness.

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Fight-or-flight response

The fight-or-flight or the fight-flight-freeze-or-fawn (also called hyperarousal or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.

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Fluoxetine

Fluoxetine, sold under the brand name Prozac, among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.

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Freezing behavior

Freezing behavior, also called the freeze response or being petrified, is a reaction to specific stimuli, most commonly observed in prey animals.

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Helicopter parent

A helicopter parent (also called a cosseting parent or simply a cosseter) is a term for a parent who is overattentive and overly fearful of a child's experiences and problems, particularly outside the home and at educational institutions.

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Incidence (epidemiology)

In epidemiology, incidence reflects the number of new cases of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.

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Individualized Education Program

An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a legal document under United States law that is developed for each public school child in the U.S. who needs special education.

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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs.

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Intellectual disability

Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom) and formerly mental retardation (in the United States),Rosa's Law, Pub.

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June and Jennifer Gibbons

June Gibbons (born 11 April 1963) and Jennifer Gibbons (11 April 1963 – 9 March 1993) were twin sisters who grew up in Wales.

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Online chat

Online chat is any kind of communication over the Internet that offers a real-time transmission of text messages from sender to receiver.

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Psychiatry

Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of deleterious mental conditions.

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Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, reinforcement refers to consequences that increase the likelihood of an organism's future behavior, typically in the presence of a particular antecedent stimulus.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by reoccurring episodes of psychosis that are correlated with a general misperception of reality.

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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is American legislation that guarantees certain rights to people with disabilities.

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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and other psychological conditions.

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Sensory processing disorder

Sensory processing disorder (SPD, formerly known as sensory integration dysfunction) is a condition in which multisensory input is not adequately processed in order to provide appropriate responses to the demands of the environment.

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Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by sentiments of fear and anxiety in social situations, causing considerable distress and impairing ability to function in at least some aspects of daily life. Selective mutism and social anxiety disorder are anxiety disorders.

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Speech

Speech is the use of the human voice as a medium for language.

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Stimming

Self-stimulatory behavior, also known as "stimming" and self-stimulation, is the repetition of physical movements, sounds, words, moving objects, or other behaviors.

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Stuttering

Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder characterized externally by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words, or phrases as well as involuntary silent pauses or blocks in which the person who stutters is unable to produce sounds.

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Systematic review

A systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic.

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Temperament

In psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are biologically based and are relatively independent of learning, system of values and attitudes.

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Torey Hayden

Victoria Lynn Hayden, known as Torey L. Hayden (born 21 May 1951 in Livingston, Montana, U.S.), is a special education teacher, university lecturer and writer of non-fiction books based on her real-life experiences with teaching and counseling children with special needs and also of fiction books.

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Trauma model of mental disorders

The trauma model of mental disorders, or trauma model of psychopathology, emphasises the effects of physical, sexual and psychological trauma as key causal factors in the development of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety as well as psychosis, whether the trauma is experienced in childhood or adulthood.

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Trauma trigger

A trauma trigger is a psychological stimulus that prompts involuntary recall of a previous traumatic experience.

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United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_mutism

Also known as Kussmanl's aphasia, Selectiv mutism, Selective Mutism: An Overview, Selective mute, Selective muteness, Selective mutism (SM), Semiverbal, Situational mutism, Social mutism.

Selective mutism, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Mental disorders diagnosed in childhood

Muteness

References