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Sertoli cell, the Glossary

Sertoli cells are a type of sustentacular "nurse" cell found in human testes which contribute to the process of spermatogenesis (the production of sperm) as a structural component of the seminiferous tubules.^[1]

82 relations: Activin and inhibin, ALS, Amniote, Anamniotes, Anatomical terms of location, Anterior pituitary, Anti-Müllerian hormone, Aromatase, Autoimmunity, Basal lamina, Blood, Blood–testis barrier, Cadherin-2, Capillary, CD40 (protein), CD59, Cell (biology), Cell proliferation, Cellular differentiation, Ceruloplasmin, Complement membrane attack complex, Complement system, Dendritic cell, Diabetes, DNA damage (naturally occurring), Enrico Sertoli, Estradiol, Ets variant 5, Fetus, FGF9, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, Galactosyltransferase, Germinal epithelium (male), Glucose, Granzyme B, Hormone, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Insulin, Leydig cell, List of human cell types, Luteinizing hormone, Mesonephros, Myofibroblast, Non-homologous end joining, Nucleolus, Nutrient, Ovarian cancer, PARP1, Phagocyte, ... Expand index (32 more) »
Barrier cells
Protein secreting cells
Testicle

Activin and inhibin

Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects.

See Sertoli cell and Activin and inhibin

ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND) or Lou Gehrig's disease in the United States, is a rare, terminal neurodegenerative disorder that results in the progressive loss of both upper and lower motor neurons that normally control voluntary muscle contraction.

See Sertoli cell and ALS

Amniote

Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.

See Sertoli cell and Amniote

Anamniotes

The anamniotes are an informal group of craniates comprising all fishes and amphibians, which lay their eggs in aquatic environments.

See Sertoli cell and Anamniotes

Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

See Sertoli cell and Anatomical terms of location

Anterior pituitary

A major organ of the endocrine system, the anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior) is the glandular, anterior lobe that together with the posterior lobe (posterior pituitary, or the neurohypophysis) makes up the pituitary gland (hypophysis) which, in humans, is located at the base of the brain, protruding off the bottom of the hypothalamus.

See Sertoli cell and Anterior pituitary

Anti-Müllerian hormone

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian-inhibiting hormone (MIH), is a glycoprotein hormone structurally related to inhibin and activin from the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, whose key roles are in growth differentiation and folliculogenesis.

See Sertoli cell and Anti-Müllerian hormone

Aromatase

Aromatase, also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase, is an enzyme responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of estrogens.

See Sertoli cell and Aromatase

Autoimmunity

In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents.

See Sertoli cell and Autoimmunity

Basal lamina

The basal lamina is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits.

See Sertoli cell and Basal lamina

Blood

Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

See Sertoli cell and Blood

Blood–testis barrier

The blood–testis barrier is a physical barrier between the blood vessels and the seminiferous tubules of the animal testes. Sertoli cell and blood–testis barrier are testicle.

See Sertoli cell and Blood–testis barrier

Cadherin-2

Cadherin-2 also known as Neural cadherin (N-cadherin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH2 gene.

See Sertoli cell and Cadherin-2

Capillary

A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system.

See Sertoli cell and Capillary

CD40 (protein)

Cluster of differentiation 40, CD40 is a type I transmembrane protein found on antigen-presenting cells and is required for their activation.

See Sertoli cell and CD40 (protein)

CD59

CD59 glycoprotein, also known as MAC-inhibitory protein (MAC-IP), membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL), or protectin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD59 gene.

See Sertoli cell and CD59

Cell (biology)

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.

See Sertoli cell and Cell (biology)

Cell proliferation

Cell proliferation is the process by which a cell grows and divides to produce two daughter cells.

See Sertoli cell and Cell proliferation

Cellular differentiation

Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell changes from one type to a differentiated one.

See Sertoli cell and Cellular differentiation

Ceruloplasmin

Ceruloplasmin (or caeruloplasmin) is a ferroxidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CP gene.

See Sertoli cell and Ceruloplasmin

Complement membrane attack complex

The membrane attack complex (MAC) or terminal complement complex (TCC) is a complex of proteins typically formed on the surface of pathogen cell membranes as a result of the activation of the host's complement system, and as such is an effector of the immune system.

See Sertoli cell and Complement membrane attack complex

Complement system

The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.

See Sertoli cell and Complement system

Dendritic cell

A dendritic cell (DC) is an antigen-presenting cell (also known as an accessory cell) of the mammalian immune system. Sertoli cell and dendritic cell are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and Dendritic cell

Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels.

See Sertoli cell and Diabetes

DNA damage (naturally occurring)

DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a nucleobase missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base such as 8-OHdG.

See Sertoli cell and DNA damage (naturally occurring)

Enrico Sertoli

Enrico Sertoli (June 6, 1842, Sondrio – January 28, 1910, Sondrio) was an Italian physiologist, histologist, anatomist, biologic chemist, physician, teacher, and inventor.

See Sertoli cell and Enrico Sertoli

Estradiol

Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone.

See Sertoli cell and Estradiol

Ets variant 5

Ets variant 5 (ETV5) (also named ERM transcription factor) is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the ETV5 gene.

See Sertoli cell and Ets variant 5

Fetus

A fetus or foetus (fetuses, foetuses, rarely feti or foeti) is the unborn offspring that develops from a mammal embryo.

See Sertoli cell and Fetus

FGF9

Glia-activating factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF9 gene.

See Sertoli cell and FGF9

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone.

See Sertoli cell and Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor

The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor or FSH receptor (FSHR) is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).

See Sertoli cell and Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor

Galactosyltransferase

Galactosyltransferase is a type of glycosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of galactose.

See Sertoli cell and Galactosyltransferase

Germinal epithelium (male)

The germinal epithelium is the epithelial layer of the seminiferous tubules of the testicles.

See Sertoli cell and Germinal epithelium (male)

Glucose

Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.

See Sertoli cell and Glucose

Granzyme B

Granzyme B (GrB) is one of the serine protease granzymes most commonly found in the granules of natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T cells.

See Sertoli cell and Granzyme B

Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior.

See Sertoli cell and Hormone

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone for the maternal recognition of pregnancy produced by trophoblast cells that are surrounding a growing embryo (syncytiotrophoblast initially), which eventually forms the placenta after implantation.

See Sertoli cell and Human chorionic gonadotropin

Insulin

Insulin (from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (INS) gene.

See Sertoli cell and Insulin

Leydig cell

Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of the testes and interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). Sertoli cell and Leydig cell are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and Leydig cell

List of human cell types

The list of human cell types provides an enumeration and description of the various specialized cells found within the human body, highlighting their distinct functions, characteristics, and contributions to overall physiological processes. Sertoli cell and list of human cell types are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and List of human cell types

Luteinizing hormone

Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as luteinising hormone, lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.

See Sertoli cell and Luteinizing hormone

Mesonephros

The mesonephros (middle kidney) is one of three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates.

See Sertoli cell and Mesonephros

Myofibroblast

A myofibroblast is a cell phenotype that was first described as being in a state between a fibroblast and a smooth muscle cell.

See Sertoli cell and Myofibroblast

Non-homologous end joining

Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA.

See Sertoli cell and Non-homologous end joining

Nucleolus

The nucleolus (nucleoli) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

See Sertoli cell and Nucleolus

Nutrient

A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.

See Sertoli cell and Nutrient

Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary.

See Sertoli cell and Ovarian cancer

PARP1

Poly polymerase 1 (PARP-1) also known as NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 or poly synthase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP1 gene.

See Sertoli cell and PARP1

Phagocyte

Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.

See Sertoli cell and Phagocyte

Protease inhibitor (biology)

In biology and biochemistry, protease inhibitors, or antiproteases, are molecules that inhibit the function of proteases (enzymes that aid the breakdown of proteins).

See Sertoli cell and Protease inhibitor (biology)

Rat

Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents.

See Sertoli cell and Rat

Regulatory T cell

The regulatory T cells (Tregs or Treg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system, maintain tolerance to self-antigens, and prevent autoimmune disease. Sertoli cell and regulatory T cell are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and Regulatory T cell

Reproductive system

The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.

See Sertoli cell and Reproductive system

Seminiferous tubule

Seminiferous tubules are located within the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of male gametes, namely spermatozoa. Sertoli cell and Seminiferous tubule are testicle.

See Sertoli cell and Seminiferous tubule

Sertoli cell nodule

A Sertoli cell nodule is a benign proliferation of Sertoli cells that arises in association with cryptorchidism (undescended testis).

See Sertoli cell and Sertoli cell nodule

Sertoli cell-only syndrome

Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS), also known as germ cell aplasia, is defined by azoospermia where the testicular seminiferous tubules are lined solely with sertoli cells.

See Sertoli cell and Sertoli cell-only syndrome

Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour

Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour is a group of tumors composed of variable proportions of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and in the case of intermediate and poorly differentiated neoplasms, primitive gonadal stroma and sometimes heterologous elements.

See Sertoli cell and Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour

Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour

Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour is a group of tumours derived from the stromal component of the ovary and testis, which comprises the granulosa, thecal cells and fibrocytes.

See Sertoli cell and Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour

Sex hormone-binding globulin

Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or sex steroid-binding globulin (SSBG) is a glycoprotein that binds to androgens and estrogens.

See Sertoli cell and Sex hormone-binding globulin

Sperm

Sperm (sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).

See Sertoli cell and Sperm

Spermatid

The spermatid is the haploid male gametid that results from division of secondary spermatocytes.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatid

Spermatocyte

Spermatocytes are a type of male gametocyte in animals.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatocyte

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid spermatozoa develop from germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testicle.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatogenesis

Spermatogonial stem cell

A spermatogonial stem cell (SSC), also known as a type A spermatogonium, is a spermatogonium that does not differentiate into a spermatocyte, a precursor of sperm cells.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatogonial stem cell

Spermatogonium

A spermatogonium (spermatogonia) is an undifferentiated male germ cell.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatogonium

Spermatozoon

A spermatozoon (also spelled spermatozoön;: spermatozoa) is a motile sperm cell, or moving form of the haploid cell that is the male gamete. Sertoli cell and spermatozoon are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and Spermatozoon

Spermiogenesis

Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, during which the spermatids develop into mature spermatozoa.

See Sertoli cell and Spermiogenesis

Staining

Staining is a technique used to enhance contrast in samples, generally at the microscopic level.

See Sertoli cell and Staining

Sustentacular cell

A sustentacular cell is a type of cell primarily associated with structural support, they can be found in various tissues. Sertoli cell and sustentacular cell are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and Sustentacular cell

T cell

T cells are one of the important types of white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response. Sertoli cell and t cell are human cells.

See Sertoli cell and T cell

Testicle

A testicle or testis (testes) is the male gonad in all bilaterians, including humans.

See Sertoli cell and Testicle

Testosterone

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males.

See Sertoli cell and Testosterone

TGF beta signaling pathway

The transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, cell migration, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions.

See Sertoli cell and TGF beta signaling pathway

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body.

See Sertoli cell and Thyroid-stimulating hormone

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sertoli_cell

Also known as Cells of Sertoli, Sertoli, Sertoli cells, Sertori cell, Sertori cells.

, Protease inhibitor (biology), Rat, Regulatory T cell, Reproductive system, Seminiferous tubule, Sertoli cell nodule, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour, Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Sperm, Spermatid, Spermatocyte, Spermatogenesis, Spermatogonial stem cell, Spermatogonium, Spermatozoon, Spermiogenesis, Staining, Sustentacular cell, T cell, Testicle, Testosterone, TGF beta signaling pathway, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Tight junction, Transferrin, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, University of Pavia, Wild boar, XRCC1.

Sertoli cell, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Barrier cells

Protein secreting cells

Testicle

References