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Siege of Samarkand (1220), the Glossary

The siege of Samarkand (1220) took place in 1220 A.D. after Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, had launched a multi-pronged invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, ruled by Shah Muhammad II.^[1]

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32 relations: Afrasiyab (Samarkand), Amu Darya, Balkh, Bukhara, Garrison, Genghis Khan, Jami' al-tawarikh, Jebe, Kangly, Khwarazmian Empire, Kyzylkum Desert, Military engineering, Mongol Empire, Mongol invasion of Khorasan, Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, Mounted archery, Muhammad II of Khwarazm, Otrar, Otrar Catastrophe, Pax Mongolica, Rashid al-Din Hamadani, Samarkand, Siege engine, Siege of Bukhara, Subutai, Tarikh-i Jahangushay, Timur, Timurid Empire, Tolui, Transoxiana, Urgench, Uzbekistan.
1220 in the Mongol Empire
Battles involving the Khwarazmian dynasty
Conflicts in 1220
Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire
Sieges involving the Mongol Empire

Afrasiyab (Samarkand)

Afrasiyab (Afrosiyob),(fa afrāsiyāb) is an ancient site in Northern Samarkand, present day Uzbekistan, that was occupied from c. 500 BC to 1220 AD prior to the Mongol invasion in the 13th century (see Siege of Samarkand (1220)).

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Amu Darya

The Amu Darya, also called the Amu, the Amo, and historically the Oxus (Latin: Ōxus; Greek: Ὦξος, Ôxos), is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.

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Balkh

Balkh is a town in the Balkh Province of Afghanistan, about northwest of the provincial capital, Mazar-e Sharif, and some south of the Amu Darya river and the Uzbekistan border.

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Bukhara

Bukhara (Uzbek; بخارا) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents.

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Garrison

A garrison (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it.

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Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire.

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Jami' al-tawarikh

Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh (rtl, rtl;, also "Universal History") is a work of literature and history, produced in the Mongol Ilkhanate.

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Jebe

Jebe (or Jebei, Зэв, pronounced as Zev; birth name: Jirqo'adai (Modern Mongolian: Zurgaadai), Зургаадай) (death: approximately 1224) was one of the most prominent Noyans (generals) of Genghis Khan.

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Kangly

The Kangly (康曷利; pinyin: Kānghélì; Middle Chinese (ZS): /kʰɑŋ-ɦɑt̚-liɪH/ or 康里 pinyin: Kānglĭ X/;Kaγnï or قنكلى romanised: Kaŋlï, also spelled Qaŋlï, Qanglı, Kanly, Kangly, Qangli, Kangli or Kankali) were a Turkic people of Eurasia who were active from the Tang dynasty up to the Mongol Empire and Yuan dynasty.

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Khwarazmian Empire

The Khwarazmian Empire, also called the Empire of the Khwarazmshahs or simply Khwarazm, was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Muslim empire of Turkic mamluk origin.

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Kyzylkum Desert

The Kyzylkum Desert (Qizilqum, Қизилқум, قِیزِیل‌قُوم; Qyzylqūm, قىزىلقۇم) is the 15th largest desert in the world.

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Military engineering

Military engineering is loosely defined as the art, science, and practice of designing and building military works and maintaining lines of military transport and military communications.

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Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history.

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Mongol invasion of Khorasan

The Mongol conquest of Khorasan took place in 1220-21, during the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire. Siege of Samarkand (1220) and Mongol invasion of Khorasan are Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire and sieges involving the Mongol Empire.

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Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire

Between 1219 and 1221, the Mongol forces under Genghis Khan invaded the lands of the Khwarazmian Empire in Central Asia. Siege of Samarkand (1220) and Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire are 1220 in the Mongol Empire and Conflicts in 1220.

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Mounted archery

Mounted archery is a form of archery that involves shooting arrows while on horseback.

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Muhammad II of Khwarazm

'Alā' al-Din Muhammad (Persian: علاءالدین محمد خوارزمشاه; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Muhammad Sanjar ibn Tekish) was the Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire from 1200 to 1220.

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Otrar

Otrar or Utrar (Отырар, Otyrar, wotəˈɾɑɾ; Keŋü Tarman), also called Farab, is a Central Asian ghost town that was a city located along the Silk Road in Kazakhstan.

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Otrar Catastrophe

The Otrar Catastrophe was a siege that took place between December 1219 and February 1220 during the Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire at Otrar, a large trading city on the Syr Darya river. Siege of Samarkand (1220) and Otrar Catastrophe are 1220 in the Mongol Empire, Battles involving the Khwarazmian dynasty, Conflicts in 1220 and Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire.

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Pax Mongolica

The Pax Mongolica (Latin for "Mongol Peace"), less often known as Pax Tatarica ("Tatar Peace"), is a historiographical term modeled after the original phrase Pax Romana which describes the stabilizing effects of the conquests of the Mongol Empire on the social, cultural and economic life of the inhabitants of the vast Eurasian territory that the Mongols conquered in the 13th and 14th centuries.

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Rashid al-Din Hamadani

Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (رشیدالدین طبیب;&lrm; 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی) was a statesman, historian and physician in Ilkhanate Iran.

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Samarkand

Samarkand or Samarqand (Uzbek and Tajik: Самарқанд / Samarqand) is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia.

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Siege engine

A siege engine is a device that is designed to break or circumvent heavy castle doors, thick city walls and other fortifications in siege warfare.

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Siege of Bukhara

The siege of Bukhara took place in February 1220, during the Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire. Siege of Samarkand (1220) and siege of Bukhara are 1220 in the Mongol Empire, Battles involving the Khwarazmian dynasty, Conflicts in 1220, Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire and sieges involving the Mongol Empire.

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Subutai

Subutai (Classical Mongolian: Sübügätäi or Sübü'ätäi; Modern Mongolian:; Сүбээдэй, Sübeedei.;; c. 1175–1248) was a Mongol general and the primary military strategist of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan.

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Tarikh-i Jahangushay

Tārīkh-i Jahāngushāy (تاریخ جهانگشای "The History of The World Conqueror") or Tārīkh-i Jahāngushāy-i Juwaynī (تاریخ جهانگشای جوینی) is a detailed historical account written by the Persian Ata-Malik Juvayni describing the Mongol, Hulegu Khan, and Ilkhanid conquest of Persia as well as the history of Isma'ilis.

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Timur

Timur, also known as Tamerlane (8 April 133617–18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeated commander, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest military leaders and tacticians in history, as well as one of the most brutal and deadly.

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Timurid Empire

The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India and Turkey.

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Tolui

Tolui (–1232) was the youngest son of Genghis Khan and Börte.

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Transoxiana

Transoxiana or Transoxania is the Latin name for the region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to modern-day eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Turkmenistan and southern Kyrgyzstan.

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Urgench

Urgench (Urganch/Урганч/اورگنج,; Urgench; گرگانج, Gorgånch/Gorgānč/Gorgânc/Gurganj) is a district-level city in western Uzbekistan.

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Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Samarkand_(1220)

Siege of Samarkand (1220), the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

1220 in the Mongol Empire

Battles involving the Khwarazmian dynasty

Conflicts in 1220

Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire

Sieges involving the Mongol Empire

References