Skull roof, the Glossary
The skull roof or the roofing bones of the skull are a set of bones covering the brain, eyes and nostrils in bony fishes and all land-living vertebrates.[1]
Table of Contents
74 relations: Acanthostega, Actinopterygii, Alfred Romer, Amniote, Anapsid, Armour (zoology), Bird, Bone, Brain, Caecilian, Calvaria (skull), Carboniferous, Cartilage, Chondrichthyes, Comparative anatomy, Dermal bone, Dermatocranium, Devonian, Diapsid, Dinosaur, Elpistostege, Embolomeri, Endocranium, Evolution, Evolution of fish, Eye, Frog, Frontal bone, Homology (biology), Human body, Ichthyostega, Intertemporal bone, Jugal bone, Labyrinthodontia, Lacrimal bone, Lungfish, Maxilla, Nasal bone, Nature (journal), Nostril, Operculum (fish), Orbit (anatomy), Osteichthyes, Ostracoderm, Panderichthys, Parietal bone, Parietal eye, Placoderm, Postfrontal bone, Postorbital bone, ... Expand index (24 more) »
Acanthostega
Acanthostega (meaning "spiny roof") is an extinct genus of stem-tetrapod, among the first vertebrate animals to have recognizable limbs.
See Skull roof and Acanthostega
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii, members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
See Skull roof and Actinopterygii
Alfred Romer
Alfred Sherwood Romer (December 28, 1894 – November 5, 1973) was an American paleontologist and biologist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution.
See Skull roof and Alfred Romer
Amniote
Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.
Anapsid
An anapsid is an amniote whose skull lacks one or more skull openings (fenestra, or fossae) near the temples.
Armour (zoology)
Armour or armor in animals is a rigid cuticle or exoskeleton that provides exterior protection against attack by predators, formed as part of the body (rather than the behavioural utilization of external objects for protection) usually through the thickening and hardening of superficial tissues, outgrowths or skin secretions.
See Skull roof and Armour (zoology)
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.
Bone
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals.
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
Caecilian
Caecilians (blind ones) are a group of limbless, vermiform (worm-shaped) or serpentine (snake-shaped) amphibians with small or sometimes nonexistent eyes.
Calvaria (skull)
The calvaria is the top part of the skull. Skull roof and calvaria (skull) are skull.
See Skull roof and Calvaria (skull)
Carboniferous
The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Permian Period, Ma.
See Skull roof and Carboniferous
Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue.
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage.
See Skull roof and Chondrichthyes
Comparative anatomy
Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species.
See Skull roof and Comparative anatomy
Dermal bone
A dermal bone or investing bone or membrane bone is a bony structure derived from intramembranous ossification forming components of the vertebrate skeleton, including much of the skull, jaws, gill covers, shoulder girdle, fin rays (lepidotrichia), and the shells of turtles and armadillos. Skull roof and dermal bone are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Dermal bone
Dermatocranium
The dermatocranium is the portion of the cranium that is composed of dermal bone, as opposed to the endocranium and splanchnocranium, which are composed of endochondral bone. Skull roof and dermatocranium are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Dermatocranium
Devonian
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era during the Phanerozoic eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago (Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at Ma.
Diapsid
Diapsids ("two arches") are a clade of sauropsids, distinguished from more primitive eureptiles by the presence of two holes, known as temporal fenestrae, in each side of their skulls.
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.
Elpistostege
Elpistostege is an extinct genus of finned tetrapodomorphs that lived during the Frasnian age of the Late Devonian epoch.
See Skull roof and Elpistostege
Embolomeri
Embolomeri is an order of tetrapods or stem-tetrapods, possibly members of Reptiliomorpha.
Endocranium
The endocranium in comparative anatomy is a part of the skull base in vertebrates and it represents the basal, inner part of the cranium. Skull roof and endocranium are vertebrate anatomy.
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Evolution
Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
Evolution of fish
The evolution of fish began about 530 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion.
See Skull roof and Evolution of fish
Eye
An eye is a sensory organ that allows an organism to perceive visual information.
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek ἀνούρα, literally 'without tail').
Frontal bone
In the human skull, the frontal bone or sincipital bone is a unpaired bone which consists of two portions.
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Homology (biology)
In biology, homology is similarity due to shared ancestry between a pair of structures or genes in different taxa.
See Skull roof and Homology (biology)
Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human being.
Ichthyostega
Ichthyostega (from ἰχθῦς, 'fish' and στέγη, 'roof') is an extinct genus of limbed tetrapodomorphs from the Late Devonian of what is now Greenland.
See Skull roof and Ichthyostega
Intertemporal bone
The intertemporal bone is a paired cranial bone present in certain sarcopterygians (lobe-finned fish) and extinct amphibian-grade tetrapods.
See Skull roof and Intertemporal bone
Jugal bone
The jugal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians and birds. Skull roof and jugal bone are vertebrate anatomy.
Labyrinthodontia
"Labyrinthodontia" (Greek, 'maze-toothed') is an informal grouping of extinct predatory amphibians which were major components of ecosystems in the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras (about 390 to 150 million years ago).
See Skull roof and Labyrinthodontia
Lacrimal bone
The lacrimal bones are two small and fragile bones of the facial skeleton; they are roughly the size of the little fingernail and situated at the front part of the medial wall of the orbit.
See Skull roof and Lacrimal bone
Lungfish
Lungfish are freshwater vertebrates belonging to the class Dipnoi.
Maxilla
In vertebrates, the maxilla (maxillae) is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones.
Nasal bone
The nasal bones are two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face and by their junction, form the bridge of the upper one third of the nose.
Nature (journal)
Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.
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Nostril
A nostril (or naris,: nares) is either of the two orifices of the nose.
Operculum (fish)
The operculum is a series of bones found in bony fish and chimaeras that serves as a facial support structure and a protective covering for the gills; it is also used for respiration and feeding.
See Skull roof and Operculum (fish)
Orbit (anatomy)
In anatomy, the orbit is the cavity or socket/hole of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated. Skull roof and orbit (anatomy) are human head and neck and skull.
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Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes, also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue.
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Ostracoderm
Ostracoderms are the armored jawless fish of the Paleozoic Era.
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Panderichthys
Panderichthys is a genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned fish) from the late Devonian period, about 380 Mya.
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Parietal bone
The parietal bones are two bones in the skull which, when joined at a fibrous joint known as a cranial suture, form the sides and roof of the neurocranium. Skull roof and parietal bone are human head and neck and skull.
See Skull roof and Parietal bone
Parietal eye
A parietal eye (third eye, pineal eye) is a part of the epithalamus in some vertebrates.
See Skull roof and Parietal eye
Placoderm
Placoderms (from Greek πλάξ (plax, plakos) 'plate' and δέρμα (derma) 'skin') are vertebrate animals of the class Placodermi, an extinct group of prehistoric fish known from Paleozoic fossils during the Silurian and the Devonian periods.
Postfrontal bone
The postfrontal is a paired cranial bone found in many tetrapods. Skull roof and postfrontal bone are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Postfrontal bone
Postorbital bone
The postorbital is one of the bones in vertebrate skulls which forms a portion of the dermal skull roof and, sometimes, a ring about the orbit. Skull roof and postorbital bone are skull.
See Skull roof and Postorbital bone
Postparietal
Postparietals are cranial bones present in fish and many tetrapods. Skull roof and Postparietal are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Postparietal
Prefrontal bone
The prefrontal bone is a bone separating the lacrimal and frontal bones in many tetrapod skulls. Skull roof and prefrontal bone are skull and vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Prefrontal bone
Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. Skull roof and premaxilla are vertebrate anatomy.
Quadratojugal bone
The quadratojugal is a skull bone present in many vertebrates, including some living reptiles and amphibians. Skull roof and quadratojugal bone are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Quadratojugal bone
Robert L. Carroll
Robert "Bob" Lynn Carroll (May 5, 1938 – April 7, 2020) was an American–Canadian vertebrate paleontologist who specialised in Paleozoic and Mesozoic amphibians and reptiles.
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Salamander
Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by their lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults.
Sarcopterygii
Sarcopterygii — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii — is a clade (traditionally a class or subclass) including both a group of bony fish commonly referred to as lobe-finned fish, and tetrapods.
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Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples.
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Skull
The skull is a bone protective cavity for the brain. Skull roof and skull are human head and neck and vertebrate anatomy.
Sphenoid bone
The sphenoid bone is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium.
See Skull roof and Sphenoid bone
Squamosal bone
The squamosal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians, and birds. Skull roof and squamosal bone are skull and vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Squamosal bone
Stegocephali
Stegocephali (often spelled Stegocephalia, from Greek στεγοκεφαλια, lit. "roofed head") is a clade of vertebrate animals containing all fully limbed tetrapodomorphs.
See Skull roof and Stegocephali
Supratemporal bone
The supratemporal bone is a paired cranial bone present in many tetrapods and tetrapodomorph fish. Skull roof and supratemporal bone are skull.
See Skull roof and Supratemporal bone
Synapsida
Synapsida is one of the two major clades of vertebrate animals in the group Amniota, the other being the Sauropsida (which includes reptiles and birds).
Tabular bone
The tabular bones are a pair of triangular flat bones along the rear edge of the skull which form pointed structures known as tabular horns in primitive Teleostomi.
See Skull roof and Tabular bone
Temnospondyli
Temnospondyli (from Greek τέμνειν, temnein 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, spondylos 'vertebra') or temnospondyls is a diverse ancient order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods, with fossils being found on every continent.
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Temporal fenestra
Temporal fenestrae are openings in the temporal region of the skull of some amniotes, behind the orbit (eye socket).
See Skull roof and Temporal fenestra
Tetrapod
A tetrapod is any four-limbed vertebrate animal of the superclass Tetrapoda.
Tetrapodomorpha
Tetrapodomorpha (also known as Choanata) is a clade of vertebrates consisting of tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) and their closest sarcopterygian relatives that are more closely related to living tetrapods than to living lungfish.
See Skull roof and Tetrapodomorpha
Thomas Stanley Westoll
Prof Thomas Stanley Westoll, FRS FRSE, FGS FLS LLD (3 July 1912 – 19 September 1995) was a British geologist, and the long-time head of the Department of Geology at Newcastle University.
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Tiktaalik
Tiktaalik (Inuktitut ᑎᒃᑖᓕᒃ) is a monospecific genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned fish) from the Late Devonian Period, about 375 Mya (million years ago), having many features akin to those of tetrapods (four-legged animals).
Transitional fossil
A transitional fossil is any fossilized remains of a life form that exhibits traits common to both an ancestral group and its derived descendant group.
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Turtle
Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines, characterized by a special shell developed mainly from their ribs.
Zygomatic bone
In the human skull, the zygomatic bone (from yoke), also called cheekbone or malar bone, is a paired irregular bone, situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forming part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, of the temporal fossa and the infratemporal fossa. Skull roof and zygomatic bone are vertebrate anatomy.
See Skull roof and Zygomatic bone
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skull_roof
Also known as Skull roofs, Skull table.
, Postparietal, Prefrontal bone, Premaxilla, Quadratojugal bone, Robert L. Carroll, Salamander, Sarcopterygii, Scandinavia, Skull, Sphenoid bone, Squamosal bone, Stegocephali, Supratemporal bone, Synapsida, Tabular bone, Temnospondyli, Temporal fenestra, Tetrapod, Tetrapodomorpha, Thomas Stanley Westoll, Tiktaalik, Transitional fossil, Turtle, Zygomatic bone.