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Social construction of technology, the Glossary

Index Social construction of technology

Social construction of technology (SCOT) is a theory within the field of science and technology studies.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 28 relations: A priori and a posteriori, Actor–network theory, Aesthetics, Closure, False dilemma, History of science and technology, History of the bicycle, Industrial sociology, Langdon Winner, Penny-farthing, Science and technology studies, Social constructionism, Social shaping of technology, Social Studies of Science, Societal collapse, Sociocultural evolution, Sociology of scientific knowledge, Stewart Russell, Straw man, Strong programme, Systems theory, Technological determinism, Technology dynamics, Theories of technology, Thomas P. Hughes, Trevor Pinch, Wiebe Bijker, Windmill.

  2. Engineering studies
  3. Sociology of scientific knowledge

A priori and a posteriori

A priori ('from the earlier') and a posteriori ('from the later') are Latin phrases used in philosophy to distinguish types of knowledge, justification, or argument by their reliance on experience.

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Actor–network theory

Actor–network theory (ANT) is a theoretical and methodological approach to social theory where everything in the social and natural worlds exists in constantly shifting networks of relationships. Social construction of technology and Actor–network theory are technological change.

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Aesthetics

Aesthetics (also spelled esthetics) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of beauty and the nature of taste; and functions as the philosophy of art.

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Closure

Closure may refer to.

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False dilemma

A false dilemma, also referred to as false dichotomy or false binary, is an informal fallacy based on a premise that erroneously limits what options are available.

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History of science and technology

The history of science and technology (HST) is a field of history that examines the understanding of the natural world (science) and the ability to manipulate it (technology) at different points in time. Social construction of technology and history of science and technology are history of technology and technological change.

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History of the bicycle

Vehicles that have two wheels and require balancing by the rider date back to the early 19th century.

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Industrial sociology

Industrial sociology, until recently a crucial research area within the field of sociology of work, examines "the direction and implications of trends in technological change, globalization, labour markets, work organization, managerial practices and employment relations" to "the extent to which these trends are intimately related to changing patterns of inequality in modern societies and to the changing experiences of individuals and families", and " the ways in which workers challenge, resist and make their own contributions to the patterning of work and shaping of work institutions".

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Langdon Winner

Langdon Winner (born August 7, 1944) is Thomas Phelan Chair of Humanities and Social Sciences in the Department of Science and Technology Studies at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.

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Penny-farthing

The penny-farthing, also known as a high wheel, high wheeler or ordinary, is an early type of bicycle.

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Science and technology studies

Science and technology studies (STS) or science, technology, and society is an interdisciplinary field that examines the creation, development, and consequences of science and technology in their historical, cultural, and social contexts. Social construction of technology and science and technology studies are technology in society.

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Social constructionism is a term used in sociology, social ontology, and communication theory.

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According to Robin A. Williams and David Edge (1996), "Central to social shaping of technology (SST) is the concept that there are choices (though not necessarily conscious choices) inherent in both the design of individual artifacts and systems, and in the direction or trajectory of innovation programs." If technology does not emerge from the unfolding of a predetermined logic or a single determinant, then innovation is a 'garden of forking paths'. Social construction of technology and social shaping of technology are Engineering studies, science and technology studies, social constructionism and technological change.

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Social Studies of Science is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers relating to the history and philosophy of science.

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Societal collapse

Societal collapse (also known as civilizational collapse or systems collapse) is the fall of a complex human society characterized by the loss of cultural identity and of social complexity as an adaptive system, the downfall of government, and the rise of violence.

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Sociocultural evolution

Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or social evolution are theories of sociobiology and cultural evolution that describe how societies and culture change over time.

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Sociology of scientific knowledge

The sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) is the study of science as a social activity, especially dealing with "the social conditions and effects of science, and with the social structures and processes of scientific activity." The sociology of scientific ignorance (SSI) is complementary to the sociology of scientific knowledge. Social construction of technology and sociology of scientific knowledge are social constructionism.

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Stewart Russell

Stewart Russell (6 August 1955 – 17 September 2011) was a senior lecturer and interdisciplinary researcher in Science, Technology and Innovation Studies at the University of Edinburgh.

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Straw man

A straw man fallacy (sometimes written as strawman) is the informal fallacy of refuting an argument different from the one actually under discussion, while not recognizing or acknowledging the distinction.

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Strong programme

The strong programme or strong sociology is a variety of the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) particularly associated with David Bloor, Barry Barnes, Harry Collins, Donald A. MacKenzie, and John Henry. Social construction of technology and strong programme are science and technology studies and sociology of scientific knowledge.

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Systems theory

Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial.

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Technological determinism

Technological determinism is a reductionist theory in assuming that a society's technology progresses by following its own internal logic of efficiency, while determining the development of the social structure and cultural values. Social construction of technology and Technological determinism are history of technology, science and technology studies, sociology of scientific knowledge and technological change.

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Technology dynamics

Technology dynamics is broad and relatively new scientific field that has been developed in the framework of the postwar science and technology studies field. Social construction of technology and technology dynamics are science and technology studies, technological change and technology in society.

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Theories of technology

Theories of technological change and innovation attempt to explain the factors that shape technological innovation as well as the impact of technology on society and culture. Social construction of technology and Theories of technology are science and technology studies.

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Thomas P. Hughes

Thomas Parke Hughes (September 13, 1923 – February 3, 2014) was an American historian of technology.

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Trevor Pinch

Trevor J. Pinch (1 January 1952 – 16 December 2021) was a British sociologist, part-time musician and chair of the science and technology studies department at Cornell University. Social construction of technology and Trevor Pinch are social constructionism.

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Wiebe Bijker

Wiebe E. Bijker (born 19 March 1951, Delft) is a Dutch professor Emeritus, former chair of the Department of Social Science and Technology at Maastricht University in the Netherlands.

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Windmill

A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, by tradition specifically to mill grain (gristmills), but in some parts of the English-speaking world, the term has also been extended to encompass windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications.

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See also

Engineering studies

Sociology of scientific knowledge

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_construction_of_technology

Also known as Technological constructivism, The Social Construction of Technological Systems.