Sound, the Glossary
In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave through a transmission medium such as a gas, liquid or solid.[1]
Table of Contents
137 relations: A-weighting, Acoustic impedance, Acoustic theory, Acoustic wave, Acoustical engineering, Acoustics, Adiabatic process, Aeroacoustics, American National Standards Institute, Amplitude, Anharmonicity, ANSI S1.1-1994, ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013, Anti-predator adaptation, Architectural acoustics, Atmosphere, Attenuation, Audio engineer, Audio frequency, Audio signal processing, Beat (acoustics), Bioacoustics, Bird vocalization, Body relative direction, Brain, Bulk modulus, Characteristic impedance, Compression (physics), Decibel, Density, Diaphragm (acoustics), Doppler effect, Drum cadence, Duration (music), Echo, Environmental noise, Euclidean vector, Frequency, Headphones, Hearing range, Heat capacity ratio, Hertz, Homophony, Hydrosphere, If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?, Infrasound, International Electrotechnical Commission, Isaac Newton, List of unexplained sounds, Longitudinal wave, ... Expand index (87 more) »
A-weighting
A-weighting is a form of frequency weighting and the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. Sound and a-weighting are acoustics.
Acoustic impedance
Acoustic impedance and specific acoustic impedance are measures of the opposition that a system presents to the acoustic flow resulting from an acoustic pressure applied to the system. Sound and acoustic impedance are acoustics.
See Sound and Acoustic impedance
Acoustic theory
Acoustic theory is a scientific field that relates to the description of sound waves. Sound and Acoustic theory are acoustics.
Acoustic wave
Acoustic waves are a type of energy propagation through a medium by means of adiabatic loading and unloading. Sound and Acoustic wave are acoustics.
Acoustical engineering
Acoustical engineering (also known as acoustic engineering) is the branch of engineering dealing with sound and vibration. Sound and Acoustical engineering are acoustics.
See Sound and Acoustical engineering
Acoustics
Acoustics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound.
Adiabatic process
An adiabatic process (adiabatic) is a type of thermodynamic process that occurs without transferring heat or mass between the thermodynamic system and its environment.
See Sound and Adiabatic process
Aeroacoustics
Aeroacoustics is a branch of acoustics that studies noise generation via either turbulent fluid motion or aerodynamic forces interacting with surfaces. Sound and Aeroacoustics are acoustics.
American National Standards Institute
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is a private nonprofit organization that oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States.
See Sound and American National Standards Institute
Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period).
Anharmonicity
In classical mechanics, anharmonicity is the deviation of a system from being a harmonic oscillator.
ANSI S1.1-1994
ANSI S1.1-1994, published by American National Standards Institute (ANSI), is an American National Standard on Acoustical Terminology.
ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013
ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013, published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), is the current American National Standard on Acoustical Terminology.
See Sound and ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013
Anti-predator adaptation
Anti-predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators.
See Sound and Anti-predator adaptation
Architectural acoustics
Architectural acoustics (also known as building acoustics) is the science and engineering of achieving a good sound within a building and is a branch of acoustical engineering. Sound and Architectural acoustics are acoustics.
See Sound and Architectural acoustics
Atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer of gasses that envelop an astronomical object, held in place by the gravity of the object.
Attenuation
In physics, attenuation (in some contexts, extinction) is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. Sound and attenuation are acoustics.
Audio engineer
An audio engineer (also known as a sound engineer or recording engineer) helps to produce a recording or a live performance, balancing and adjusting sound sources using equalization, dynamics processing and audio effects, mixing, reproduction, and reinforcement of sound.
Audio frequency
An audio frequency or audible frequency (AF) is a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to the average human. Sound and audio frequency are acoustics.
Audio signal processing
Audio signal processing is a subfield of signal processing that is concerned with the electronic manipulation of audio signals.
See Sound and Audio signal processing
Beat (acoustics)
In acoustics, a beat is an interference pattern between two sounds of slightly different frequencies, perceived as a periodic variation in volume whose rate is the difference of the two frequencies. Sound and beat (acoustics) are acoustics and hearing.
See Sound and Beat (acoustics)
Bioacoustics
Bioacoustics is a cross-disciplinary science that combines biology and acoustics. Sound and Bioacoustics are acoustics and hearing.
Bird vocalization
Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs.
See Sound and Bird vocalization
Body relative direction
Body relative directions (also known as egocentric coordinates) are geometrical orientations relative to a body such as a human person's body or a road sign.
See Sound and Body relative direction
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
See Sound and Brain
Bulk modulus
The bulk modulus (K or B or k) of a substance is a measure of the resistance of a substance to bulk compression.
Characteristic impedance
The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a wave travelling in one direction along the line in the absence of reflections in the other direction.
See Sound and Characteristic impedance
Compression (physics)
In mechanics, compression is the application of balanced inward ("pushing") forces to different points on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to reduce its size in one or more directions.
See Sound and Compression (physics)
Decibel
The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). Sound and decibel are acoustics.
Density
Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is a substance's mass per unit of volume.
Diaphragm (acoustics)
In the field of acoustics, a diaphragm is a transducer intended to inter-convert mechanical vibrations to sounds, or vice versa. Sound and diaphragm (acoustics) are acoustics.
See Sound and Diaphragm (acoustics)
Doppler effect
The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave. Sound and Doppler effect are acoustics.
Drum cadence
In music, a drum cadence or street beat is a work played exclusively by the percussion section of a modern marching band (see marching percussion).
Duration (music)
In music, duration is an amount of time or how long or short a note, phrase, section, or composition lasts.
See Sound and Duration (music)
Echo
In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. Sound and echo are acoustics.
See Sound and Echo
Environmental noise
Environmental noise is an accumulation of noise pollution that occurs outside. Sound and Environmental noise are acoustics.
See Sound and Environmental noise
Euclidean vector
In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector or simply a vector (sometimes called a geometric vector or spatial vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction.
See Sound and Euclidean vector
Frequency
Frequency (symbol f), most often measured in hertz (symbol: Hz), is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. Sound and Frequency are acoustics.
Headphones
Headphones are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears.
Hearing range
Hearing range describes the frequency range that can be heard by humans or other animals, though it can also refer to the range of levels.
Heat capacity ratio
In thermal physics and thermodynamics, the heat capacity ratio, also known as the adiabatic index, the ratio of specific heats, or Laplace's coefficient, is the ratio of the heat capacity at constant pressure to heat capacity at constant volume.
See Sound and Heat capacity ratio
Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second.
See Sound and Hertz
Homophony
In music, homophony (Greek: ὁμόφωνος, homóphōnos, from ὁμός, homós, "same" and φωνή, phōnē, "sound, tone") is a texture in which a primary part is supported by one or more additional strands that provide the harmony.
Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere is the combined mass of water found on, under, and above the surface of a planet, minor planet, or natural satellite.
If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?
"If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?" is a philosophical thought experiment that raises questions regarding observation and perception.
See Sound and If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?
Infrasound
Infrasound, sometimes referred to as low frequency sound, describes sound waves with a frequency below the lower limit of human audibility (generally 20 Hz, as defined by the ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013 standard).
International Electrotechnical Commission
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC; Commission électrotechnique internationale) is an international standards organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies – collectively known as "electrotechnology".
See Sound and International Electrotechnical Commission
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher.
List of unexplained sounds
The following is a list of unidentified, or formerly unidentified, sounds.
See Sound and List of unexplained sounds
Longitudinal wave
Longitudinal waves are waves in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction the wave travels and displacement of the medium is in the same (or opposite) direction of the wave propagation.
See Sound and Longitudinal wave
Loudness
In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure. Sound and loudness are acoustics.
Mammal
A mammal is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia.
See Sound and Mammal
Marine mammal
Marine mammals are mammals that rely on marine (saltwater) ecosystems for their existence.
Mechanical equilibrium
In classical mechanics, a particle is in mechanical equilibrium if the net force on that particle is zero.
See Sound and Mechanical equilibrium
Mechanical wave
In physics, a mechanical wave is a wave that is an oscillation of matter, and therefore transfers energy through a material medium. Sound and mechanical wave are waves.
Medical ultrasound
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging techniques) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. Sound and Medical ultrasound are acoustics.
See Sound and Medical ultrasound
Mel scale
The mel scale (after the word melody) is a perceptual scale of pitches judged by listeners to be equal in distance from one another.
Musical acoustics
Musical acoustics or music acoustics is a multidisciplinary field that combines knowledge from physics, psychophysics, organology (classification of the instruments), physiology, music theory, ethnomusicology, signal processing and instrument building, among other disciplines. Sound and Musical acoustics are acoustics.
See Sound and Musical acoustics
Musical instrument
A musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make musical sounds.
See Sound and Musical instrument
Musical tone
Traditionally in Western music, a musical tone is a steady periodic sound. Sound and musical tone are hearing and waves.
Navigation
Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.
Noise
Noise is sound, chiefly unwanted, unintentional, or harmful sound considered unpleasant, loud, or disruptive to mental or hearing faculties.
See Sound and Noise
Noise control
Noise control or noise mitigation is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution or to reduce the impact of that noise, whether outdoors or indoors. Sound and noise control are acoustics.
Organ (biology)
In a multicellular organism, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
Oscillation
Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states.
Parametric array
A parametric array, in the field of acoustics, is a nonlinear transduction mechanism that generates narrow, nearly side lobe-free beams of low frequency sound, through the mixing and interaction of high frequency sound waves, effectively overcoming the diffraction limit (a kind of spatial 'uncertainty principle') associated with linear acoustics. Sound and parametric array are acoustics.
See Sound and Parametric array
Particle acceleration
In acoustics, particle acceleration is the acceleration (rate of change in speed and direction) of particles in a sound transmission medium. Sound and particle acceleration are acoustics.
See Sound and Particle acceleration
Particle displacement
Particle displacement or displacement amplitude is a measurement of distance of the movement of a sound particle from its equilibrium position in a medium as it transmits a sound wave. Sound and particle displacement are acoustics.
See Sound and Particle displacement
Particle velocity
Particle velocity (denoted or) is the velocity of a particle (real or imagined) in a medium as it transmits a wave. Sound and particle velocity are acoustics.
See Sound and Particle velocity
Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI).
Phenomenon
A phenomenon (phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event.
Phon
The phon is a logarithmic unit of loudness level for tones and complex sounds. Sound and phon are acoustics and hearing.
See Sound and Phon
Phonaesthetics
Phonaesthetics (also spelled phonesthetics in North America) is the study of beauty and pleasantness associated with the sounds of certain words or parts of words.
Physics
Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.
Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.
Pierre-Simon Laplace
Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of engineering, mathematics, statistics, physics, astronomy, and philosophy.
See Sound and Pierre-Simon Laplace
Pink noise
Pink noise, noise, fractional noise or fractal noise is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density (power per frequency interval) is inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal. Sound and Pink noise are acoustics.
Pitch (music)
Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.
Plane wave
In physics, a plane wave is a special case of a wave or field: a physical quantity whose value, at any moment, is constant through any plane that is perpendicular to a fixed direction in space.
Plasma (physics)
Plasma is one of four fundamental states of matter (the other three being solid, liquid, and gas) characterized by the presence of a significant portion of charged particles in any combination of ions or electrons.
See Sound and Plasma (physics)
Polarization (waves)
italics (also italics) is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
See Sound and Polarization (waves)
Polyphony
Polyphony is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice (monophony) or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords (homophony).
Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.
Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Psychoacoustics
Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of sound perception and audiology—how the human auditory system perceives various sounds. Sound and Psychoacoustics are acoustics and hearing.
Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.
Rarefaction
Rarefaction is the reduction of an item's density, the opposite of compression. Sound and Rarefaction are acoustics and waves.
Ratio
In mathematics, a ratio shows how many times one number contains another.
See Sound and Ratio
Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Sound and Reflection (physics) are acoustics.
See Sound and Reflection (physics)
Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another.
Relativistic Euler equations
In fluid mechanics and astrophysics, the relativistic Euler equations are a generalization of the Euler equations that account for the effects of general relativity.
See Sound and Relativistic Euler equations
Resonance
In physics, resonance refers to a wide class of phenomena that arise as a result of matching temporal or spatial periods of oscillatory objects. Sound and resonance are waves.
Responsivity
Responsivity is a measure of the input–output gain of a detector system.
Reverberation
Reverberation (commonly shortened to reverb), in acoustics, is a persistence of sound after it is produced. Sound and Reverberation are acoustics.
Root mean square
In mathematics, the root mean square (abbrev. RMS, or rms) of a set of numbers is the square root of the set's mean square.
See Sound and Root mean square
Sense
A sense is a biological system used by an organism for sensation, the process of gathering information about the surroundings through the detection of stimuli.
See Sound and Sense
Shear stress
Shear stress (often denoted by, Greek: tau) is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section.
Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. Sound and sine wave are acoustics and waves.
Solid
Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter along with liquid, gas, and plasma.
See Sound and Solid
Sonar
Sonar (sound navigation and ranging or sonic navigation and ranging) is a technique that uses sound propagation (usually underwater, as in submarine navigation) to navigate, measure distances (ranging), communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels.
See Sound and Sonar
Sone
The sone is a unit of loudness, the subjective perception of sound pressure. Sound and sone are hearing.
See Sound and Sone
Sonic weapon
Sonic and ultrasonic weapons (USW) are weapons of various types that use sound to injure or incapacitate an opponent.
Sound box
A sound box or sounding box (sometimes written soundbox) is an open chamber in the body of a musical instrument which modifies the sound of the instrument, and helps transfer that sound to the surrounding air.
Sound intensity
Sound intensity, also known as acoustic intensity, is defined as the power carried by sound waves per unit area in a direction perpendicular to that area. Sound and sound intensity are acoustics.
Sound localization
Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. Sound and sound localization are acoustics and hearing.
See Sound and Sound localization
Sound power
Sound power or acoustic power is the rate at which sound energy is emitted, reflected, transmitted or received, per unit time. Sound and sound power are acoustics.
Sound pressure
Sound pressure or acoustic pressure is the local pressure deviation from the ambient (average or equilibrium) atmospheric pressure, caused by a sound wave. Sound and sound pressure are acoustics.
Sound recording and reproduction
Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical, mechanical, electronic, or digital inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects.
See Sound and Sound recording and reproduction
Soundproofing
Soundproofing is any means of impeding sound propagation. Sound and Soundproofing are acoustics.
Soundscape
A soundscape is the acoustic environment as perceived by humans, in context. Sound and soundscape are hearing.
Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time.
See Sound and Special relativity
Speech
Speech is the use of the human voice as a medium for language.
See Sound and Speech
Speed of sound
The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. Sound and speed of sound are acoustics.
Square root
In mathematics, a square root of a number is a number such that y^2.
Standard temperature and pressure
Standard temperature and pressure (STP) or Standard conditions for temperature and pressure are various standard sets of conditions for experimental measurements used to allow comparisons to be made between different sets of data.
See Sound and Standard temperature and pressure
State of matter
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist.
Strain (mechanics)
In mechanics, strain is defined as relative deformation, compared to a position configuration.
See Sound and Strain (mechanics)
Structural acoustics
Structural acoustics is the study of the mechanical waves in structures and how they interact with and radiate into adjacent media. Sound and Structural acoustics are acoustics.
See Sound and Structural acoustics
Synthesizer
A synthesizer (also synthesiser, or simply synth) is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals.
Temporal envelope and fine structure
Temporal envelope (ENV) and temporal fine structure (TFS) are changes in the amplitude and frequency of sound perceived by humans over time.
See Sound and Temporal envelope and fine structure
Texture (music)
In music, texture is how the tempo, melodic, and harmonic materials are combined in a musical composition, determining the overall quality of the sound in a piece.
Timbre
In music, timbre, also known as tone color or tone quality (from psychoacoustics), is the perceived sound quality of a musical note, sound or tone. Sound and timbre are acoustics.
See Sound and Timbre
Transmission medium
A transmission medium is a system or substance that can mediate the propagation of signals for the purposes of telecommunication.
See Sound and Transmission medium
Transverse wave
In physics, a transverse wave is a wave that oscillates perpendicularly to the direction of the wave's advance. Sound and transverse wave are acoustics and waves.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is sound with frequencies greater than 20 kilohertz. Sound and Ultrasound are acoustics.
Underwater acoustics
Underwater acoustics (also known as hydroacoustics) is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries. Sound and Underwater acoustics are acoustics.
See Sound and Underwater acoustics
Unison
In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time.
See Sound and Unison
United States Navy Band
The United States Navy Band, based at the Washington Navy Yard in Washington, D.C., has served as the official musical organization of the U.S. Navy since 1925.
See Sound and United States Navy Band
Vacuum
A vacuum (vacuums or vacua) is space devoid of matter.
See Sound and Vacuum
Velocity
Velocity is the speed in combination with the direction of motion of an object.
Vibration
Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium point.
Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate.
Wave
In physics, mathematics, engineering, and related fields, a wave is a propagating dynamic disturbance (change from equilibrium) of one or more quantities. Sound and wave are waves.
See Sound and Wave
Wave vector
In physics, a wave vector (or wavevector) is a vector used in describing a wave, with a typical unit being cycle per metre.
Wavelength
In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the wave's shape repeats. Sound and wavelength are waves.
White noise
In signal processing, white noise is a random signal having equal intensity at different frequencies, giving it a constant power spectral density. Sound and white noise are acoustics.
Wind wave
In fluid dynamics, a wind wave, or wind-generated water wave, is a surface wave that occurs on the free surface of bodies of water as a result of the wind blowing over the water's surface.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound
Also known as Acoustic Radiation, Acoustic energy, Airborne sound, Auditory Range, Characteristics of sound, Duration of sound, Radiation of sound, Sonida, Sound duration, Sound propagation, Sound unit, Sound wave, Sound waves, Sounds.
, Loudness, Mammal, Marine mammal, Mechanical equilibrium, Mechanical wave, Medical ultrasound, Mel scale, Musical acoustics, Musical instrument, Musical tone, Navigation, Noise, Noise control, Organ (biology), Oscillation, Parametric array, Particle acceleration, Particle displacement, Particle velocity, Pascal (unit), Phenomenon, Phon, Phonaesthetics, Physics, Physiology, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Pink noise, Pitch (music), Plane wave, Plasma (physics), Polarization (waves), Polyphony, Predation, Pressure, Psychoacoustics, Psychology, Rarefaction, Ratio, Reflection (physics), Refraction, Relativistic Euler equations, Resonance, Responsivity, Reverberation, Root mean square, Sense, Shear stress, Sine wave, Solid, Sonar, Sone, Sonic weapon, Sound box, Sound intensity, Sound localization, Sound power, Sound pressure, Sound recording and reproduction, Soundproofing, Soundscape, Special relativity, Speech, Speed of sound, Square root, Standard temperature and pressure, State of matter, Strain (mechanics), Structural acoustics, Synthesizer, Temporal envelope and fine structure, Texture (music), Timbre, Transmission medium, Transverse wave, Ultrasound, Underwater acoustics, Unison, United States Navy Band, Vacuum, Velocity, Vibration, Viscosity, Wave, Wave vector, Wavelength, White noise, Wind wave.